Has बनाम Had: क्या अंतर है?
has अभी के लिए और had बीते हुए कल के लिए। ये present singular और past actions के लिए बेस्ट हैं।
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'has' for the present third-person singular (he/she/it) and 'had' for all past situations regardless of the subject.
- Use 'has' for current possession or actions with he, she, or it (e.g., She has a car).
- Use 'had' for any past possession or action for all subjects (e.g., They had a car).
- In compound tenses, 'has' forms the Present Perfect while 'had' forms the Past Perfect.
Overview
has और had का सही इस्तेमाल करना किसी भी B1 लेवल के learner के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है। हिंदी भाषी होने के नाते, हम अक्सर पास है और पास था के बीच का अंतर तो समझते हैं, लेकिन English के नियमों में उलझ जाते हैं। हिंदी में हम मेरे पास एक किताब है (I have a book) और मेरे पास एक किताब थी (I had a book) का इस्तेमाल करते हैं, जहाँ क्रिया (verb) के रूप में कोई बड़ा बदलाव नहीं आता, लेकिन English में has (Present) और had (Past) का चुनाव पूरी तरह से समय (tense) और कर्ता (subject) पर निर्भर करता है।has केवल present tense में third-person singular (जैसे he, she, it) के साथ आता है, जबकि had का प्रयोग past tense में सभी कर्ताओं के साथ किया जाता है। हिंदी में हम ने (ergative marker) का प्रयोग करते हुए मैंने खाना खाया कहते हैं, जहाँ क्रिया का रूप बदल जाता है, लेकिन English में had का प्रयोग perfect tense में भी होता है। यह auxiliary verb के रूप में काम करता है, जो हिंदी के चुका है/चुका था के पैटर्न से मिलता-जुलता है। अगर आप इसे सही से नहीं समझेंगे, तो आपकी बातचीत में समय का तालमेल (timeline) बिगड़ जाएगा।Has और had दोनों to have क्रिया के रूप हैं। इन्हें दो मुख्य तरीकों से समझा जा सकता है: एक main verb (मुख्य क्रिया) के रूप में और दूसरा auxiliary verb (सहायक क्रिया) के रूप में।to have एक main verb होता है, तो यह possession (अधिकार) या experience (अनुभव) दिखाता है। हिंदी में हम इसे अक्सर के पास होना के रूप में ट्रांसलेट करते हैं।She has a car(उसके पास एक कार है)। यहाँhasका प्रयोग इसलिए हुआ क्योंकिsheएक third-person singular है।They had a meeting(उनकी एक मीटिंग थी)। यहाँhadका प्रयोग हुआ क्योंकि यह past की बात है।
वह जाता है vs वह जाती है। English में has का नियम सिर्फ person और number पर आधारित है। Has का प्रयोग केवल he/she/it के साथ होता है।to have एक auxiliary verb (helping verb) होता है, तो यह perfect tenses बनाता है।He has finished his work(उसने अपना काम पूरा कर लिया है)। यहाँhasका अर्थ 'पास होना' नहीं है, बल्कि यह क्रिया को पूरा करने का संकेत दे रहा है।They had left when I reached(मेरे पहुँचने से पहले वे निकल चुके थे)। यहाँhadयह बताता है कि एक काम दूसरे काम से पहले ही पूरा हो चुका था। हिंदी में हम इसे 'चुका था' कहते हैं।
has और had का प्रयोग किस प्रकार के वाक्यों में कैसे होता है:does not या did not का इस्तेमाल करते हैं, तो has और had दोनों अपने मूल रूप have में बदल जाते हैं। यह हिंदी भाषियों के लिए सबसे बड़ी चुनौती होती है, क्योंकि हिंदी में हम उसके पास नहीं है में 'है' को नहीं हटाते।Has का प्रयोग तब करें जब आप वर्तमान (present) की बात कर रहे हों और कर्ता he, she, it या कोई एक नाम (जैसे Rahul) हो। उदाहरण के तौर पर, अगर आप किसी दोस्त को बता रहे हैं कि Rahul has a new bike, तो यह वर्तमान स्थिति है।Had का प्रयोग तब करें जब बात बीते हुए कल की हो। चाहे कर्ता कोई भी हो (I, we, you, they), past के लिए हमेशा had ही लगेगा। जैसे: Yesterday, I had a headache या They had a great time at the party।had का प्रयोग करें। जैसे: When I reached the cinema, the movie had already started (फिल्म शुरू हो चुकी थी)। यहाँ had का प्रयोग यह स्पष्ट करता है कि फिल्म का शुरू होना, मेरे पहुँचने से पहले ही हो गया था।- 1Mistake: 'He does not has a car'
- Why: हिंदी में हम
उसके पास कार नहीं हैबोलते हैं, जहाँहैअंत में आता है। हमें लगता है किhasको भी अंत में रखना है। लेकिन English मेंdoesके साथ हमेशाhaveआता है। - Correction:
He does not have a car.
- 1Mistake: 'I did not had time'
- Why: हिंदी में हम past tense में
थाका प्रयोग करते हैं। हमें लगता है किhadका प्रयोग past के लिए अनिवार्य है। लेकिनdidखुद past को दर्शाता है, इसलिए मुख्य क्रियाhaveहो जाती है। - Correction:
I did not have time.
- 1Mistake: Omitting 'has' in Perfect Tense
- Why: हिंदी में हम अक्सर सहायक क्रिया को छोड़ देते हैं (जैसे 'मैंने खा लिया' - I ate)। लेकिन English में
Perfect Tenseके लिएhas/hadका होना अनिवार्य है। - Correction:
He has eaten(न किHe eaten)।
Past Perfect (I had eaten) से अलग है। हिंदी में 'ने' का प्रयोग transitive verbs के साथ होता है, जबकि English में had का प्रयोग समय के क्रम (chronological order) को दर्शाने के लिए होता है।- 1क्या
hadका प्रयोगhe/sheके साथ हो सकता है?
had का प्रयोग सभी कर्ताओं के साथ होता है, चाहे वह I हो, we हो या she हो।- 1क्या
hasका प्रयोगIके साथ कर सकते हैं?
I के साथ हमेशा have आता है। Has सिर्फ third-person singular के लिए रिजर्व है।- 1
Does not hasक्यों गलत है?
does खुद एक सहायक क्रिया है जो tense को दिखाती है, इसलिए मुख्य क्रिया have अपने बेस फॉर्म में रहती है।- 1क्या
hadका प्रयोग वर्तमान में हो सकता है?
had पूरी तरह से past tense का शब्द है।Conjugation of 'To Have' (Present vs. Past)
| Subject | Present Tense | Past Tense | Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
have
|
had
|
have had
|
had had
|
|
You
|
have
|
had
|
have had
|
had had
|
|
He/She/It
|
has
|
had
|
has had
|
had had
|
|
We
|
have
|
had
|
have had
|
had had
|
|
They
|
have
|
had
|
have had
|
had had
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
He has
|
He's
|
He's got a car.
|
|
She has
|
She's
|
She's finished.
|
|
It has
|
It's
|
It's been raining.
|
|
I had
|
I'd
|
I'd already left.
|
|
You had
|
You'd
|
You'd better go.
|
|
They had
|
They'd
|
They'd seen it.
|
Meanings
Both words are forms of the verb 'to have,' used to indicate possession, experience, or as auxiliary verbs to form complex tenses.
Possession (Present vs. Past)
Owning or holding something in the current moment (has) versus a completed time (had).
“He has a blue eyes.”
“He had a bicycle when he was ten.”
Auxiliary Verb (Perfect Tenses)
Used with a past participle to show completed actions relative to the present or another past point.
“She has finished her work.”
“She had finished her work before the boss arrived.”
Obligation (Have to)
Expressing necessity in the present (has to) or past (had to).
“He has to go to the doctor.”
“He had to leave early yesterday.”
Experience/Consumption
Used to describe eating, drinking, or undergoing an event.
“She has breakfast at 8 AM.”
“She had a terrible nightmare last night.”
Reference Table
| कर्ता (Subject) | वर्तमान (Present - Now) | भूतकाल (Past - Then) | Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I, You, We, They
|
have
|
had
|
have + V3
|
had + V3
|
|
He, She, It
|
has
|
had
|
has + V3
|
had + V3
|
|
एकवचन (Singular Noun)
|
has
|
had
|
has + V3
|
had + V3
|
|
बहुवचन (Plural Noun)
|
have
|
had
|
have + V3
|
had + V3
|
|
उदाहरण: She
|
She has
|
She had
|
She has finished
|
She had finished
|
|
उदाहरण: They
|
They have
|
They had
|
They have finished
|
They had finished
|
औपचारिकता का स्तर
The individual has a vehicle at his disposal. (Transportation)
He has a car. (Transportation)
He's got a car. (Transportation)
He's packin' a sweet ride. (Transportation)
Has vs. Had: समय और कर्ता
वर्तमान काल ('Has')
- He has He owns
- She has She experiences
- It has It possesses
- एकवचन संज्ञा The cat has
भूतकाल ('Had')
- I had I owned (past)
- You had You experienced (past)
- सभी कर्ता They had, She had, We had
Has vs. Had: मुख्य अंतर
'Has' या 'Had' कैसे चुनें?
क्या काम अभी हो रहा है या ये हमेशा सच रहने वाली बात है?
वर्तमान रास्ता: क्या कर्ता HE, SHE, IT या एकवचन है?
भूतकाल रास्ता: क्या काम पास्ट में पूरा हो चुका है?
ग्रामर सुपरपावर्स: Has और Had
प्रेजेंट पावर (HAS)
- • अभी का हक
- • ताज़ा खबरें
- • Present Perfect
- • He/She/It
पास्ट पावर (HAD)
- • पुराना हक
- • पुरानी बातें
- • Past Perfect
- • सभी कर्ता
साझा भूमिका
- • Verb 'To Have'
- • अनुभव बताना
आम गलतियाँ
- • टेंस मिला देना
- • 'do/did' नियम भूलना
- • Subject-verb agreement
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
She has a big house.
She has a big house.
He has a brother.
He has a brother.
I had a sandwich for lunch.
I had a sandwich for lunch.
They had a party yesterday.
They had a party yesterday.
Does he have a pen? Yes, he has one.
Does he have a pen? Yes, he has one.
She hasn't got any money.
She hasn't got any money.
We had to wait for two hours.
We had to wait for two hours.
It has been a long day.
It has been a long day.
He has already seen that movie.
He has already seen that movie.
By the time I arrived, they had left.
By the time I arrived, they had left.
She has to finish the report by Friday.
She has to finish the report by Friday.
I realized I had forgotten my keys.
I realized I had forgotten my keys.
The company has been expanding rapidly this year.
The company has been expanding rapidly this year.
If he had studied harder, he would have passed.
If he had studied harder, he would have passed.
She had her car repaired last week.
She had her car repaired last week.
He has a tendency to speak too loudly.
He has a tendency to speak too loudly.
Had I known you were coming, I would have baked a cake.
Had I known you were coming, I would have baked a cake.
The government has yet to address the crisis.
The government has yet to address the crisis.
He had no sooner reached the door than it opened.
He had no sooner reached the door than it opened.
She has it in her to become a great leader.
She has it in her to become a great leader.
The witness has since retracted her statement.
The witness has since retracted her statement.
Whatever influence he had has now vanished.
Whatever influence he had has now vanished.
He had had a premonition of the disaster.
He had had a premonition of the disaster.
The city has seen better days.
The city has seen better days.
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Both 'He has' and 'He is' contract to 'He's'. Learners often can't tell which is which.
Both 'I had' and 'I would' contract to 'I'd'.
Learners use 'has' for all subjects because it sounds more 'complete'.
सामान्य गलतियाँ
I has a dog.
I have a dog.
Yesterday she has a cold.
Yesterday she had a cold.
He have a car.
He has a car.
She has 20 years old.
She is 20 years old.
He doesn't has a car.
He doesn't have a car.
Did you had lunch?
Did you have lunch?
Has he a pen?
Does he have a pen?
I had seen him yesterday.
I saw him yesterday.
She has finished it before I arrived.
She had finished it before I arrived.
He has lived here since two years.
He has lived here for two years.
If I has known...
If I had known...
I wish I have more time.
I wish I had more time.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
She has a ___ in her ___.
He had already ___ when the ___ ___.
It has been ___ since ___.
Had I ___ , I would have ___.
Real World Usage
She has your charger.
My previous role had a lot of responsibility.
He has had a fever since last night.
Look what Sarah has just bought!
Does your bag have any liquids?
The Roman Empire had a vast road network.
'अभी' बनाम 'तब' का खेल
She has a car now.
'Do/Did' के बाद 'Has' मत लगाना
नेटफ्लिक्स से सीखो!
He has a secret to tell.
ब्रिटिश स्टाइल 'Got'
She has got a new job.
Smart Tips
Immediately eliminate 'has'. These time markers require the past form 'had'.
The verb that follows must be 'have'. Never use 'has' or 'had' after 'do/does/did'.
Use 'had' for the event that happened first to make your storytelling clearer.
Check if there is a 'got' or a V3 verb. If so, it's 'has'. If it's an adjective or noun, it's 'is'.
उच्चारण
Has Pronunciation
The 's' in 'has' is pronounced like a 'z'.
Had Pronunciation
The 'd' is a soft dental stop.
Contraction 's
When 'has' is contracted (He's), it sounds exactly like 'He is'. Context tells you which one it is.
Contraction 'd
When 'had' is contracted (I'd), the 'd' is very light and almost disappears before consonants.
Emphasis on Possession
She HAS a car (not just borrows one).
Stressing the verb to confirm ownership.
Emphasis on Past
I HAD a car (but I don't now).
Stressing 'had' to contrast with the present.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
HAS is for He, Always Singular. HAD is for History, Always Done.
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a giant clock. The 'Has' hand is stuck on the current hour but only points to one person. The 'Had' hand can spin back to any time in the past and points to everyone.
Rhyme
When it's now and it's she, 'has' is what it needs to be. When it's then and it's they, 'had' is what you have to say.
Story
John HAS a golden ticket right now. He is very happy. But yesterday, he HAD nothing. He HAD to work hard to find the ticket that he now HAS.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Write 3 sentences about what your best friend HAS in their bag right now, and 3 sentences about what they HAD for breakfast yesterday.
सांस्कृतिक नोट्स
British speakers frequently use 'has got' instead of just 'has' for possession. It sounds more natural in casual UK speech.
Americans prefer the simple 'has' for possession and 'has to' for obligation. 'Gotten' is also used as the past participle of 'get', which can appear with 'has'.
In some dialects, 'done' is used with 'had' or 'has' to emphasize completion, or 'has' might be omitted in specific rapid speech patterns.
From Old English 'habban' (to have, hold, possess).
बातचीत की शुरुआत
What has been the best part of your week so far?
Tell me about a pet you had when you were a child.
Had you ever traveled abroad before you visited this country?
What is something your city has that other cities don't?
डायरी विषय
सामान्य गलतियाँ
Test Yourself
My phone ___ a new update available.
Yesterday, we has a great time at the park.
Choose the correct sentence:
Score: /3
अभ्यास प्रश्न
8 exercisesBy the time the police arrived, the thief ___ already escaped.
My sister ___ a very busy schedule this week.
Find and fix the mistake:
He didn't had any money for the bus.
She has a headache.
1. He (Now), 2. They (Past), 3. It (Past), 4. She (Now)
A: Why is the floor wet? B: The dog ___ a bath.
A: He had a sandwich. B: He had finished his lunch.
___ she ever been to Paris before last year?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesThe company ___ a new CEO since last month.
Did you had a good breakfast this morning?
सही वाक्य चुनें:
अंग्रेजी में अनुवाद करें: 'उसके पास एक नीली कार थी।'
इन शब्दों को सही क्रम में रखें:
सही जोड़ी मिलाएँ:
By the time I arrived, they ___ already left for the party.
My neighbor has a old car which he bought ten years ago.
सही वाक्य चुनें:
अंग्रेजी में अनुवाद करें: 'उसे उस क्षेत्र में काफी अनुभव है।'
वाक्य बनाएँ:
पास्ट टेंस के लिए जोड़ी मिलाएँ:
I wish I ___ known about the concert earlier.
Score: /13
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)
No. 'I' always uses 'have' in the present tense. 'Has' is strictly for he, she, it, or singular nouns.
Yes! In the past tense, 'I', 'you', 'he', 'she', 'it', 'we', and 'they' all use 'had'.
'Has been' is Present Perfect (started in past, continues now). 'Had been' is Past Perfect (happened before another past event).
Yes. The first 'has' is the helper, and the second 'had' is the main verb. It means he has possessed or experienced something recently.
In English questions, the auxiliary 'does' takes the third-person 's', so the main verb must stay in its base form 'have'.
Use 'had had' in the Past Perfect when the main verb is 'to have'. Example: 'I had had that car for ten years before it broke down.'
No, they are the same level of formality. The only difference is the subject they agree with.
No. It can mean 'ate' (had lunch), 'experienced' (had a dream), or act as a helper verb (had finished).
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Tiene / Había
Spanish has many more conjugations for each person, whereas English only has 'has' and 'had'.
A / Avait
French uses 'avoir' for age and hunger, where English uses 'to be'.
Hat / Hatte
German often uses the present perfect ('hat gehabt') in spoken language where English would use simple past 'had'.
Arimasu / Atta
Japanese does not have a separate word for 3rd person singular; the verb is the same for all subjects.
Indahu / Kana indahu
Arabic doesn't have a direct verb 'to have' in the same way English does.
Yǒu (有)
There is no conjugation at all in Chinese; 'has' and 'had' are the same word.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
संबंधित वीडियो
08:29 Art Museum | Virtual Field Trip | KidVision Pre-K
06:06 India’s Healthcare Ambitions | Mint Explains | Mint
13:02 We Set Up a Couple in 2015 & They Got MARRIED! w/ The Jonas Brothers & Norah Jones
Has, Have, Had का सही प्रयोग सीखें | English Grammar
Dear Sir
Difference between Has and Had | Spoken English
Learnex
Related Grammar Rules
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### Overview जब हम अंग्रेजी सीखते हैं, तो अक्सर हमारे मन में यह सवाल आता है कि क्या हम एक 'भाषा' (language) सीख रहे हैं...
आजकल बनाम अब-एक-दिन: क्या अंतर है?
### Overview नमस्ते! आज हम English के एक बहुत ही महत्वपूर्ण और अक्सर गलत इस्तेमाल किए जाने वाले शब्द `nowadays` के बारे...
Let them बनाम Let they: क्या अंतर है?
### Overview English grammar में `let them` और `let they` के बीच का अंतर समझना उन बुनियादी चीज़ों में से एक है, जो आपकी...
Quite बनाम Quiet: क्या अंतर है?
### Overview English भाषा सीखते समय हमारे सामने कई ऐसी चुनौतियाँ आती हैं जहाँ शब्द दिखने में लगभग एक जैसे होते हैं, लेक...
Said बनाम Told: क्या अंतर है?
### Overview जब हम English सीखते हैं, तो कुछ शब्द ऐसे होते हैं जो दिखने में लगभग एक जैसे लगते हैं और उनका मतलब भी समान...
