'Break down' समझना (बंद होना और समझाना)
clear explanations और unexpected failures।
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
'Break down' means a machine stops working, a person loses emotional control, or a complex idea is explained simply.
- Use it for mechanical failures like cars or computers: 'My laptop broke down.'
- Use it for emotional moments: 'She broke down in tears during the movie.'
- Use it to simplify information: 'Can you break down the costs for me?'
Overview
- 1निष्क्रियता (Failure): जब कोई मशीन या सिस्टम काम करना बंद कर देता है, तो हम 'break down' का उपयोग करते हैं। यह हिंदी के 'खराब होना' या 'ठप पड़ जाना' के समान है। जैसे, अगर बाज़ार में आपकी स्कूटी चलते-चलते बंद हो जाए, तो आप कहेंगे, 'My scooter broke down.' यहाँ 'down' का अर्थ है 'काम का रुक जाना'।
- 1विश्लेषण (Analysis): जब हम किसी जटिल चीज़ को सरल बनाते हैं, तो हम उसे मानसिक रूप से 'नीचे' (down) ला रहे होते हैं ताकि वह समझने योग्य हो जाए। यह हिंदी के 'विभाजित करना' या 'सरल शब्दों में समझाना' जैसा है। जैसे, अगर कोई बॉस आपको एक बड़ा प्रोजेक्ट दे, तो आप कह सकते हैं, 'Let's break the project down.' यहाँ 'down' का मतलब है जटिलता को कम करना।
- 1अचानक असफलता (Unexpected Failure): जब कोई चीज़ अचानक काम करना बंद कर दे। जैसे: 'My computer broke down right before the deadline.' यह किसी भावनात्मक स्थिति के लिए भी उपयोग होता है, जैसे 'She broke down in tears' (वह रो पड़ी)। यहाँ 'break down' का मतलब है मानसिक रूप से टूट जाना या संयम खो देना।
- 1सरलीकरण (Simplification): जब आप किसी जटिल जानकारी को छोटे हिस्सों में बांटते हैं। जैसे: 'Can you break down the budget for me?' इसका मतलब है कि आप चाहते हैं कि सामने वाला व्यक्ति बजट के हर हिस्से को अलग-अलग करके समझाए। यह कॉर्पोरेट मीटिंग्स या पढ़ाई के दौरान बहुत काम आता है।
- 1Pronoun का गलत स्थान: हिंदी में हम कहते हैं 'इसे तोड़ो' (Break it), इसलिए हम 'Break down it' कह देते हैं। यह L1 interference है। सही तरीका है: 'Break it down'.
- 2सामान्य टूट-फूट के लिए प्रयोग: अगर कोई पेन टूट जाए, तो हम 'break down' नहीं कह सकते। 'Break down' केवल जटिल सिस्टम के लिए है। पेन के लिए सिर्फ 'break' का उपयोग करें।
- 3गलत Tense: 'Break' का Past tense 'Broke' होता है। कई बार छात्र 'Breaked down' बोल देते हैं, जो गलत है।
- 1क्या 'Break down' का उपयोग इंसानों के लिए हो सकता है?
- 1क्या 'Break down' को 'Break up' की जगह इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं?
- 1क्या 'Break down' हमेशा separable है?
Conjugating 'Break Down'
| Tense | Subject | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
I / You / We / They
|
break down
|
They break down often.
|
|
Present Simple
|
He / She / It
|
breaks down
|
The car breaks down.
|
|
Past Simple
|
All subjects
|
broke down
|
It broke down yesterday.
|
|
Present Continuous
|
All subjects
|
am/is/are breaking down
|
It is breaking down now.
|
|
Present Perfect
|
All subjects
|
have/has broken down
|
It has broken down.
|
|
Future (Will)
|
All subjects
|
will break down
|
It will break down soon.
|
|
Gerund
|
N/A
|
breaking down
|
Breaking down is hard.
|
Contractions with 'Break Down'
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
It does not break down
|
It doesn't break down
|
Common in speech
|
|
It did not break down
|
It didn't break down
|
Common in speech
|
|
It has broken down
|
It's broken down
|
Note: 's can be 'is' or 'has'
|
Meanings
A versatile phrasal verb used to describe mechanical failure, emotional collapse, or the process of dividing information into smaller parts.
Mechanical Failure
To stop functioning or working properly, usually referring to a machine or vehicle.
“Our old washing machine finally broke down yesterday.”
“If your car breaks down on the highway, stay inside and call for help.”
Emotional Collapse
To lose control of one's emotions and start crying or become very upset.
“He broke down when he heard the sad news.”
“I almost broke down during the presentation because I was so nervous.”
Analysis/Explanation
To divide something into smaller parts to make it easier to understand or calculate.
“Let me break down the project into five simple steps.”
“The accountant broke the expenses down by category.”
Decomposition
To decay or be separated into constituent parts through a chemical or biological process.
“Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down in the ocean.”
“Bacteria help break down organic matter in the soil.”
Reference Table
| मतलब | बनावट | उदाहरण (खराब होना) | उदाहरण (समझाना) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
काम करना बंद कर देना
|
अलग न होने वाला
|
The server `broke down`.
|
लागू नहीं
|
|
समझाना/बांटना
|
अलग होने वाला (प्रोनाउन हमेशा बीच में)
|
लागू नहीं
|
Can you `break it down`?
|
|
काम करना बंद कर देना
|
अलग न होने वाला
|
My old laptop `broke down`.
|
लागू नहीं
|
|
समझाना/बांटना
|
अलग होने वाला (नाउन बीच में या बाद में आ सकता है)
|
लागू नहीं
|
Let's `break down` the plan.
|
|
भावनात्मक रूप से टूट जाना
|
अलग न होने वाला (अक्सर 'in tears' के साथ)
|
She `broke down` in tears.
|
लागू नहीं
|
|
विरोध को खत्म करना
|
अलग होने वाला (अक्सर लाक्षणिक)
|
लागू नहीं
|
We need to `break down` barriers.
|
औपचारिकता का स्तर
Could you please provide a detailed breakdown of the expenditures? (Business/Finance)
Can you break down the costs for me? (Business/Finance)
Break it down for me—how much are we spending? (Business/Finance)
Give me the lowdown on the bill. (Business/Finance)
'Break Down': दो मुख्य अर्थ
अर्थ 1: काम करना बंद कर देना
- Car My car broke down on the highway.
- Computer The computer broke down during the presentation.
- Negotiations The peace talks broke down.
अर्थ 2: समझाना/बांटना
- Problem Can you break down the problem for me?
- Tasks Let's break the project down into tasks.
- Theory The professor broke down the complex theory.
'Break Down' बनाम 'Break Up' बनाम 'Break Out'
'Break Down' का इस्तेमाल कब करें
क्या कोई चीज़ काम करना बंद कर रही है (मशीन, सिस्टम, बातचीत)?
क्या आप किसी जटिल विचार को सरल बना रहे हैं या किसी चीज़ को हिस्सों में बांट रहे हैं?
'Break Down' के लिए स्थितियाँ
टेक समस्याएँ
- • Computer failure
- • Car engine stops
- • Server outage
- • Washing machine fault
विचारों को स्पष्ट करना
- • Explaining complex theory
- • Dividing project tasks
- • Simplifying instructions
- • Analyzing data
भावनात्मक/अमूर्त
- • Emotional collapse
- • Negotiations fail
- • Breaking down barriers
- • Communication failure
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
My car broke down.
Mi coche se averió.
The bus breaks down every week.
El autobús se avería cada semana.
Did the computer break down?
¿Se estropeó el ordenador?
It did not break down.
No se estropeó.
She broke down when she lost her keys.
Ella se derrumbó cuando perdió sus llaves.
The washing machine is breaking down.
La lavadora se está estropeando.
Don't break down; everything will be fine.
No te vengas abajo; todo saldrá bien.
Our heater broke down in the winter.
Nuestra calefacción se estropeó en invierno.
Can you break down the bill for me?
¿Puedes desglosarme la cuenta?
I will break it down into three parts.
Lo dividiré en tres partes.
The negotiations broke down after two hours.
Las negociaciones fracasaron después de dos horas.
He broke the complex instructions down.
Él simplificó las instrucciones complejas.
The report breaks down the demographics of the city.
El informe detalla la demografía de la ciudad.
If the cooling system breaks down, the reactor will overheat.
Si el sistema de refrigeración falla, el reactor se sobrecalentará.
She completely broke down after the long trial.
Ella se derrumbó por completo después del largo juicio.
We need to break down these social barriers.
Necesitamos derribar estas barreras sociales.
The peace talks have unfortunately broken down.
Lamentablemente, las conversaciones de paz han fracasado.
The enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats.
La enzima es responsable de descomponer las grasas.
Let's break down the data to see where we're losing money.
Analicemos los datos para ver dónde estamos perdiendo dinero.
The communication broke down due to a lack of trust.
La comunicación falló debido a una falta de confianza.
The sheer scale of the tragedy caused the witness to break down on the stand.
La magnitud de la tragedia hizo que el testigo se derrumbara en el estrado.
The metabolic process breaks down complex carbohydrates into glucose.
El proceso metabólico descompone los carbohidratos complejos en glucosa.
A granular breakdown of the quarterly earnings revealed several anomalies.
Un desglose detallado de las ganancias trimestrales reveló varias anomalías.
The rule of law began to break down during the civil unrest.
El estado de derecho comenzó a desmoronarse durante los disturbios civiles.
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Both involve things ending or separating. Learners often use 'break up' for cars.
Both use the verb 'break' with a preposition.
Learners often use the noun form as a verb or vice versa.
सामान्य गलतियाँ
My car breaked down.
My car broke down.
The car is break down.
The car is broken down.
I break down the car.
My car broke down.
Break down it.
Break it down.
She broke down in cry.
She broke down in tears.
The meeting broke down.
The meeting broke up.
I had a break down.
I had a breakdown.
Break down to me the costs.
Break down the costs for me.
The negotiations broke up.
The negotiations broke down.
He broke down the door.
He broke the door down.
The body breaks down of sugar.
The body breaks down sugar.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
My ___ broke down yesterday.
Can you break down ___ for me?
She broke down in ___ when she heard the news.
The negotiations broke down because ___.
Real World Usage
My car broke down on the M1, I need a tow truck.
Let's break down the quarterly targets by region.
It's natural to break down when you're under this much stress.
How long does it take for this chemical to break down?
My phone keeps breaking down, I need a new one.
We're going to break down this whole chicken into parts.
प्रोनाउन की जगह बहुत ज़रूरी है
break it down, न कि break down it। इससे तुम्हारी इंग्लिश ज़्यादा नैचुरल लगेगी।सिर्फ 'रुकने' के लिए नहीं
'आसान करना' या 'खराब होना' सोचो
टेक और पढ़ाई में आम
my phone broke down) और पढ़ाई या प्रोफेशनल सेटिंग में कॉन्सेप्ट समझाने (जैसे,
let me break this down for you) के लिए बहुत होता है। यह रोज़मर्रा की ज़िंदगी के लिए एक ज़रूरी फ्रेज़ल वर्ब है, चाहे तुम ऑनलाइन गेम खेल रहे हो या ज़ूम मीटिंग में हो।
नाउन और प्रोनाउन में अंतर
break down the reportया
break the report down)। प्रोनाउन के साथ कोई लचीलापन नहीं, वह हमेशा बीच में आता है (
break it down)। यह छोटा सा नियम तुम्हें फ्लूएंट लगने में बहुत मदद करेगा!Smart Tips
Instead of saying 'I will explain this,' say 'I will break this down for you.'
Always put the pronoun in the middle of 'break' and 'down'.
Use 'broke down' for the event and 'is broken' for the state.
Use 'breakdown' as a noun to describe a list of items.
उच्चारण
Stress Pattern
In the phrasal verb, the stress is usually on the particle 'down'.
Noun vs Verb Stress
In the noun 'breakdown', the stress is on the first syllable.
Rising on 'down'
Did it break DOWN? ↗
Asking a yes/no question about a failure.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
B.R.E.A.K. Down: Bad Radiator Ends All Karting (Mechanical) / Big Reveal Explains All Knowledge (Analytical).
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a large Lego castle. If it 'breaks down' (mechanical), it falls into a pile of bricks. If you 'break it down' (analytical), you are taking it apart brick by brick to show someone how it was built.
Rhyme
When the car won't go, it's a breakdown show. When the math is tough, break it down—that's the stuff!
Story
Once, a scientist's car broke down in the desert. He broke down in tears because he was stranded. Then, he decided to break down the problem into small steps to fix the engine and survive.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Write three sentences: one about a broken machine, one about a sad person, and one explaining a recipe using 'break down'.
सांस्कृतिक नोट्स
The 'Breakdown Service' (like the AA or RAC) is a common term for roadside assistance. If you say 'I need a breakdown,' people will know you mean the service.
Americans often use 'break down' in sports and music to describe analyzing a play or a beat. 'Let's break down that touchdown!'.
In offices, 'breaking it down' is a positive trait. It implies you are a clear communicator who can simplify complex data for executives.
The phrase 'break down' emerged in the late 16th century, originally meaning to physically demolish something (like a wall).
बातचीत की शुरुआत
Has your car ever broken down in a dangerous place?
Can you break down your typical daily routine for me?
What is the best way to break down a large project at work?
Why do you think communication often breaks down in relationships?
डायरी विषय
सामान्य गलतियाँ
Test Yourself
My computer suddenly ___ in the middle of my online class.
Find and fix the mistake:
Can you break down it for me, this math problem is hard.
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
अभ्यास प्रश्न
8 exercisesMy car ___ on the way to work this morning.
I don't understand the plan. Can you ___?
Find and fix the mistake:
The washing machine has breaked down again.
down / the / broke / negotiations / yesterday
1. Mechanical, 2. Emotional, 3. Analytical
Necesito desglosar los gastos.
When 'break down' means 'to explain', it is inseparable.
A: Why are you late? B: My bike ___.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesMy phone battery suddenly ___ yesterday, and I couldn't call anyone.
The manager needs to break the new policy down quickly.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Can you explain the problem simply?'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the phrases with the correct meaning:
The teacher had to ___ the complex scientific theory into smaller parts.
The printer broke after printing one page, it always breaks.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'My old computer stopped working yesterday.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the items:
Score: /12
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)
As a verb, yes: `break down`. As a noun, it is one word: `breakdown`.
Not usually. We use it for emotional collapse (crying) or mechanical failure. For health, we say 'fall ill' or 'get sick'.
`Break down` is more common in speech and sounds friendlier. `Analyze` is more formal and academic.
Yes, but it's more common to say 'The computer has broken down' or simply 'The computer is broken'.
Yes, it can mean to physically force a door open, but this is less common than the mechanical or analytical senses.
No. You cannot say 'The car broke itself down.' It is intransitive in that sense.
Use it to offer a detailed explanation: 'I have broken down the project phases in the table below.'
Yes, in a biological sense: 'The stomach breaks down food.'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Averiarse / Desglosar
English uses one phrasal verb for multiple concepts that Spanish separates.
Tomber en panne / Analyser
French requires completely different verbs for mechanical vs. analytical senses.
Liegen bleiben / Aufschlüsseln
German verbs are more literal and specific to the action.
故障する (Koshō suru) / 分析する (Bunseki suru)
Japanese uses formal Sino-Japanese compounds for these concepts.
تعطل (Ta'attala) / حلل (Hallala)
The analytical sense in Arabic relates to 'dissolving' rather than 'breaking'.
故障 (Gùzhàng) / 分解 (Fēnjiě)
Chinese uses two-character nouns/verbs that don't change based on prepositions.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
संबंधित वीडियो
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