When talking about marriage in Japanese, a very useful word to know is 配偶者 (はいぐうしゃ - haigūsha). This word directly translates to "spouse" in English.
It's a formal and neutral term, meaning it can refer to either a husband or a wife without specifying the gender. So, if you want to say "my spouse," you can use 私の配偶者 (わたしの はいぐうしゃ - watashi no haigūsha).
While 配偶者 is good to know, in everyday conversation, Japanese people often use other words like 夫 (おっと - otto) for husband and 妻 (つま - tsuma) for wife. However, 配偶者 is commonly used on official forms or in legal contexts.
When discussing family in Japanese, you'll often encounter specific terms for different relationships. While there are terms like 夫 (otto) for husband and 妻 (tsuma) for wife, 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a more formal and general term for spouse. It's useful in official documents or when you want to refer to a person's husband or wife without specifying their gender. For example, if you're filling out a form, you might see a section asking for your 配偶者.
When discussing family in Japanese, you might come across a few terms for 'spouse.' While 妻 (tsuma) for wife and 夫 (otto) for husband are common, 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a more formal and gender-neutral term. You'll often see it in official documents, legal contexts, or when speaking generally about someone's partner without specifying their gender. For example, in a survey asking about marital status, it would likely use 配偶者 rather than separate terms for husband and wife. It's a useful word to know for broader applications beyond everyday conversation.
配偶者 30 सेकंड में
- formal spouse
- husband or wife
- official term
§ What is 配偶者 (hai-gū-sha)?
The Japanese word 配偶者 (はいぐうしゃ, hai-gū-sha) is a noun that means "spouse," "husband," or "wife." It's a formal and gender-neutral term often used in official documents, legal contexts, or when you want to be very polite or neutral about someone's marital partner. It's classified as CEFR B1, meaning it's a useful word for intermediate learners to know.
- Japanese Word
- 配偶者 (はいぐうしゃ)
- Pronunciation
- hai-gū-sha
- Meaning
- Spouse, husband or wife.
- CEFR Level
- B1
§ How to use it in a sentence
Using 配偶者 in a sentence is straightforward. Since it's a noun, it can function as a subject, object, or part of a noun phrase. You'll often see it paired with particles like の (no), が (ga), or と (to), depending on the context.
Let's look at some examples to get a better feel for it.
彼の配偶者は医者です。
Kare no haigūsha wa isha desu.
Translation hint: His spouse is a doctor.
応募書類には配偶者の有無を記入してください。
Ōbo shorui ni wa haigūsha no umu o kinyū shite kudasai.
Translation hint: Please indicate whether you have a spouse on the application form.
彼女は優秀なビジネスマンを配偶者に持ちました。
Kanojo wa yūshū na bijinesuman o haigūsha ni mochimashita.
Translation hint: She had an excellent businessman as a spouse.
§ Formal vs. Casual
While 配偶者 is very useful, it's important to understand when to use it. It's quite formal. In everyday conversation, Japanese people typically use other words to refer to their husband or wife.
For your own husband:
夫 (おっと, otto) - husband (general, less formal than 配偶者)
主人 (しゅじん, shujin) - husband (often used by wives, a bit traditional)
旦那 (だんな, danna) - husband (more casual)
For your own wife:
妻 (つま, tsuma) - wife (general, less formal than 配偶者)
家内 (かない, kanai) - wife (often used by husbands, a bit traditional)
奥さん (おくさん, okusan) - wife (often used by husbands to refer to their own wife, also used when referring to someone else's wife politely)
When referring to someone else's husband or wife politely:
ご主人 (ごしゅじん, goshujin) - someone else's husband
奥様 (おくさま, okusama) - someone else's wife (very polite)
§ When to use 配偶者
You should use 配偶者 when:
Filling out official forms (e.g., job applications, visa applications, marriage registration).
In legal or business documents.
When you want to be gender-neutral.
In formal speeches or presentations where you need a respectful and neutral term.
When you don't know the specific gender of the spouse or want to avoid making assumptions.
It's generally not used in casual conversations with friends or family. For those situations, use the more common terms listed above.
When you're learning Japanese, understanding how to talk about family is important. You might have heard a few different words for 'spouse'. Let's break them down so you know which one to use when.
§ What is 配偶者 (haigūsha)?
The word 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a formal term for 'spouse'. It covers both husband and wife. You'll often see it on official documents, forms, or in formal situations. It's a gender-neutral term.
- DEFINITION
- Spouse, husband or wife.
彼女の配偶者は日本人です。
Hint: Her spouse is Japanese.
ビザ申請には配偶者の署名が必要です。
Hint: A spouse's signature is required for the visa application.
§ When to use 夫 (otto) and 妻 (tsuma)
When you want to be specific, you'll use 夫 (otto) for 'husband' and 妻 (tsuma) for 'wife'. These are more common in everyday conversation than 配偶者.
- 夫 (otto): Husband
私の夫は料理が得意です。
Hint: My husband is good at cooking.
- 妻 (tsuma): Wife
彼の妻は先生です。
Hint: His wife is a teacher.
§ More casual terms for husband and wife
Japanese has several ways to refer to your own husband or wife, or someone else's. The level of formality and politeness changes depending on who you're talking to and about whom.
- 自分の夫 (jibun no otto) / 旦那 (danna) / 主人 (shujin): Your own husband
When referring to your own husband, you can use 夫 (otto) for a neutral tone. 旦那 (danna) is more casual and common among friends. 主人 (shujin) is a traditional and somewhat humble way to refer to your husband.
うちの旦那が作りました。
Hint: My husband made it. (Casual)
- 自分の妻 (jibun no tsuma) / 奥さん (okusan) / 家内 (kanai): Your own wife
For your own wife, 妻 (tsuma) is neutral. 家内 (kanai) is a more humble and traditional way, often used by men. 奥さん (okusan) is typically used to refer to someone else's wife, but some women might use it to refer to their own wife in very casual contexts, though 妻 is generally preferred.
私の家内は英語を話します。
Hint: My wife speaks English. (Humble)
§ Referring to someone else's spouse
- ご主人 (go-shujin): Someone else's husband
This is the polite way to refer to someone else's husband.
あなたのご主人はお元気ですか。
Hint: Is your husband doing well?
- 奥さん (okusan): Someone else's wife
This is the polite way to refer to someone else's wife.
佐藤さんの奥さんはとても親切です。
Hint: Mr. Sato's wife is very kind.
§ Summary of usage
Here's a quick guide to help you choose the right word:
- 配偶者 (haigūsha): Formal, gender-neutral, for official documents or very polite/general contexts.
- 夫 (otto): Neutral term for 'husband'.
- 妻 (tsuma): Neutral term for 'wife'.
- 旦那 (danna): Casual for 'my husband'.
- 主人 (shujin): Humble for 'my husband'.
- 家内 (kanai): Humble for 'my wife'.
- ご主人 (go-shujin): Polite for 'someone else's husband'.
- 奥さん (okusan): Polite for 'someone else's wife'.
By using these words correctly, you'll sound more natural and polite in your Japanese conversations. Pay attention to the context and who you are speaking to, and you'll get it right!
How Formal Is It?
"配偶者の方とご一緒にご記入ください。(Haigūsha no kata to go issho ni gokinyū kudasai.) - Please fill it out together with your spouse."
"私の夫は医者です。(Watashi no otto wa isha desu.) - My husband is a doctor. / 私の妻は先生です。(Watashi no tsuma wa sensei desu.) - My wife is a teacher."
"うちの旦那、昨日飲みすぎちゃって。(Uchi no danna, kinō nomisugichatte.) - My husband drank too much yesterday. / 奥さんは元気ですか？(Okusan wa genki desu ka?) - How is your wife doing?"
"パパとママはどこ？(Papa to Mama wa doko?) - Where are Daddy and Mommy?"
"うちの連れ合いがね、料理が上手なんだ。(Uchi no tsureai ga ne, ryōri ga jōzu nanda.) - My partner, you know, is good at cooking."
रोचक तथ्य
The kanji 配 (hai) means 'distribute, deliver,' and 偶 (gū) means 'even number, chance, by chance, husband & wife, pair, mate.' The last kanji 者 (sha) is a common suffix for people, meaning 'person.' So, literally, it could be thought of as a 'paired person' or a 'person who is distributed/matched to another.'
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Don't pronounce the 'u' too strongly after the 'g'. It's often a bit reduced or silent in rapid speech.
कठिनाई स्तर
Two common kanji, but the combination might be new for some B1 learners.
Relatively straightforward kanji, but remembering the strokes for both 配 and 偶 is key.
Pronunciation is clear and follows standard Japanese phonetics.
Easy to distinguish when spoken clearly.
आगे क्या सीखें
पूर्वापेक्षाएँ
आगे सीखें
उन्नत
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
私の配偶者は日本人です。
My spouse is Japanese.
A simple sentence introducing the nationality of a spouse.
彼は配偶者と住んでいます。
He lives with his spouse.
Using 'と' to indicate 'with'.
配偶者は会社員です。
My spouse is an office worker.
Describing the occupation of a spouse.
私の配偶者は親切です。
My spouse is kind.
Using an adjective to describe a spouse.
配偶者の名前は何ですか？
What is your spouse's name?
A basic question asking for a name.
彼女の配偶者は医者です。
Her spouse is a doctor.
Another example of describing occupation.
配偶者は料理が好きです。
My spouse likes cooking.
Using 'が好きです' to express liking something.
私の配偶者は英語が話せます。
My spouse can speak English.
Using 'が話せます' to express ability.
私の配偶者は料理が得意です。
My spouse is good at cooking.
配偶者のサポートは本当に大切です。
Spousal support is truly important.
彼は配偶者と海外旅行に行く予定です。
He plans to go on an overseas trip with his spouse.
配偶者が仕事で忙しいので、私が家事をしています。
Because my spouse is busy with work, I am doing the housework.
配偶者の健康を気遣うことは、夫婦関係において重要です。
Caring for your spouse's health is important in a marital relationship.
新しい法律では、配偶者にも相続権が認められます。
Under the new law, spouses are also recognized as having inheritance rights.
彼女は配偶者との時間を大切にしています。
She values time with her spouse.
配偶者が転勤になったので、引っ越しをすることになりました。
Since my spouse was transferred, we decided to move.
配偶者のサポートがなければ、このプロジェクトは成功しませんでした。
Without my spouse's support, this project would not have succeeded.
彼は配偶者と話し合い、最終的に転職を決断しました。
He discussed it with his spouse and finally decided to change jobs.
配偶者の病気のため、彼女は仕事を辞めざるを得ませんでした。
Due to her spouse's illness, she had no choice but to quit her job.
夫婦間での意見の相違はよくありますが、配偶者との良好な関係を保つことが大切です。
Differences of opinion between spouses are common, but it's important to maintain a good relationship with your spouse.
配偶者控除を受けるためには、いくつかの条件を満たす必要があります。
To receive a spousal deduction, you need to meet several conditions.
彼女は配偶者の転勤に伴い、海外へ移住することになりました。
She ended up moving overseas due to her spouse's job transfer.
配偶者の誕生日には、いつも手作りのケーキを焼いてお祝いします。
I always bake a homemade cake to celebrate my spouse's birthday.
彼は配偶者との時間を大切にし、毎週末は家族で過ごしています。
He cherishes time with his spouse and spends every weekend with his family.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
あなたの配偶者はいますか？
Do you have a spouse?
私の配偶者は日本人です。
My spouse is Japanese.
配偶者を持つことのメリットとデメリット。
Pros and cons of having a spouse.
配偶者とともに海外に住んでいます。
I live overseas with my spouse.
彼は配偶者と別居している。
He is separated from his spouse.
配偶者を探しています。
I am looking for a spouse.
配偶者とはどういう意味ですか？
What does 'haigūsha' mean?
配偶者のためのビザを申請しました。
I applied for a visa for my spouse.
配偶者が私のことをサポートしてくれます。
My spouse supports me.
配偶者は会社員です。
My spouse is an office worker.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
This is a loanword from English 'partner' and is a gender-neutral term for a spouse or partner. It's often used in modern contexts, especially for common-law partners or same-sex couples, but can also be used for married couples.
A somewhat informal and general term for a spouse or partner. It literally means 'companion' or 'partner' and is gender-neutral. It's often used in casual conversation.
An older, more informal, and somewhat colloquial term for 'wife'. It's generally used by men to refer to their own wives, but can sound a bit rough or old-fashioned in modern speech, often implying a long-standing, comfortable relationship.
व्याकरण पैटर्न
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
"配偶者がいる"
To have a spouse/be married
彼には配偶者がいるので、合コンには誘わない方がいいでしょう。
neutral"配偶者を亡くす"
To lose one's spouse (due to death)
彼女は若い頃に配偶者を亡くしました。
neutral"配偶者控除"
Spousal tax deduction
配偶者控除を受けるには、いくつかの条件があります。
formal"配偶者ビザ"
Spouse visa
日本で暮らすために、配偶者ビザを申請しました。
neutral"配偶者手当"
Spousal allowance/benefit
会社によっては配偶者手当が支給されます。
neutral"配偶者暴力"
Spousal abuse/domestic violence
配偶者暴力は許されることではありません。
formal"配偶者選び"
Choosing a spouse
配偶者選びは人生の大きな決断です。
neutral"配偶者の有無"
Marital status (presence or absence of a spouse)
アンケートで配偶者の有無を記入してください。
formal"配偶者の同意"
Spousal consent
大きな買い物をする際には、配偶者の同意が必要です。
neutral"配偶者と死別する"
To be widowed
彼は数年前に配偶者と死別しました。
formalआसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Often translated as 'wife', but it's primarily used when referring to someone else's wife, or as a more formal/polite term for your own wife, especially in public or business contexts. It carries a nuance of respect for the wife of the listener or a third person.
Refers to someone else's wife, or a polite way to refer to one's own wife. It's not typically used by a husband to directly address his own wife in private.
田中さんの奥さんはとても親切です。 (Tanaka-san no okusan wa totemo shinsetsu desu.) Mr. Tanaka's wife is very kind.
This is the most common and neutral way for a man to refer to his own wife. Learners sometimes overthink whether it's polite enough, but it's standard.
Standard, neutral term for one's own wife. It's direct and commonly used.
私の妻は料理が得意です。 (Watashi no tsuma wa ryōri ga tokui desu.) My wife is good at cooking.
Often translated as 'husband', but like '奥さん', it's primarily used when referring to someone else's husband, or by a wife when referring to her own husband, especially in public or business contexts. It can also mean 'master' or 'owner'.
Refers to someone else's husband, or a polite way for a wife to refer to her own husband. It's not typically used by a wife to directly address her own husband in private.
私の主人は会社員です。 (Watashi no shujin wa kaishain desu.) My husband is an office worker.
This is the most common and neutral way for a woman to refer to her own husband. Similar to '妻', learners might wonder if it's too casual, but it's standard.
Standard, neutral term for one's own husband. It's direct and commonly used.
夫と旅行に行きました。 (Otto to ryokō ni ikimashita.) I went on a trip with my husband.
Can mean 'bride', 'daughter-in-law', or sometimes 'wife'. Its usage for 'wife' is often in a slightly more informal or traditional context, or from the perspective of the husband's family. It can also feel a bit old-fashioned or even slightly condescending depending on context.
Best to avoid for general 'wife' usage unless you're specifically referring to a bride or a daughter-in-law, or understand the nuanced and often informal/familial context when used for one's wife.
息子のお嫁さんが来ました。 (Musuko no oyome-san ga kimashita.) My son's wife (daughter-in-law) has come.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
〜は配偶者です。
彼（かれ）は配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）です。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）がいます。
私（わたし）には配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）がいます。
〜の配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）。
田中（たなか）さんの配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）と〜します。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）と旅行（りょこう）します。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）は〜です。
私（わたし）の配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）は医者（いしゃ）です。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）の有無（うむ）。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）の有無（うむ）をお知（し）らせください。
〜が配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）である場合（ばあい）。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）が外国人（がいこくじん）である場合（ばあい）。
配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）として〜。
彼（かれ）は配偶者（はいぐうしゃ）として私（わたし）を支（ささ）えてくれます。
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
「配偶者」 (haigūsha) is a formal term for 'spouse.' It's often used in official documents, legal contexts, or when speaking about one's spouse in a more detached or professional manner. While it means 'husband or wife,' it doesn't specify gender. If you want to specify gender, you would use 夫 (otto) for husband or 妻 (tsuma) for wife. You might see this in forms asking for your marital status or in news reports.
A common mistake is using 「配偶者」 in everyday casual conversation. For example, you wouldn't typically introduce your husband as 私の配偶者です (watashi no haigūsha desu - This is my spouse) in casual settings. Instead, you would use 夫 (otto - husband) or 妻 (tsuma - wife), or even more casually, 主人 (shujin - husband, often used by a wife) or 家内 (kanai - wife, often used by a husband). Another mistake is thinking it only refers to a husband. Remember, it's gender-neutral.
सुझाव
Learn the Kanji for 配偶者
Break down the kanji: 配 (はい - to distribute, spouse), 偶 (ぐう - by chance, paired), 者 (しゃ - person). Understanding the individual kanji can help you remember the meaning of 配偶者 (はいぐうしゃ - spouse).
How to say 'My spouse'
When referring to your own spouse, you can say 私の配偶者 (わたしの はいぐうしゃ). However, it's more common to use words like 夫 (おっと - husband) or 妻 (つま - wife).
Asking about someone's spouse
To ask someone about their spouse, you might say: 配偶者はいらっしゃいますか？ (はいぐうしゃは いらっしゃいますか？ - Do you have a spouse?). This is a polite way to inquire.
Formal vs. Informal terms for spouse
配偶者 is a formal term, often used in official documents or legal contexts. In daily conversation, people typically use more common terms like 夫 (おっと - husband) and 妻 (つま - wife), or even 奥さん (おくさん - wife, used for someone else's wife) and ご主人 (ごしゅじん - husband, used for someone else's husband).
Use in official forms
You will often see 配偶者 on official forms, such as immigration documents or registration papers, where it means spouse.
Similar words to avoid confusion
Don't confuse 配偶者 (はいぐうしゃ - spouse) with 恋人 (こいびと - lover/girlfriend/boyfriend), which refers to a romantic partner but not necessarily a spouse.
Example sentence 1
彼の配偶者は医者です。 (かれの はいぐうしゃは いしゃです。 - His spouse is a doctor.)
Example sentence 2
この書類にあなたの配偶者の情報を記入してください。 (この しょるいに あなたの はいぐうしゃの じょうほうを きにゅうして ください。 - Please fill in your spouse's information on this document.)
Avoid using for 'my wife/husband' in casual talk
While 配偶者 technically means spouse, it sounds very formal if you use it to refer to 'my wife' or 'my husband' in everyday conversation. Stick to 妻 (つま) or 夫 (おっと) for that.
When is it appropriate to use?
Use 配偶者 when you need a gender-neutral and formal term for a spouse, especially in written communication, official contexts, or when discussing marital status in a general sense.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of a 'high goo-sha'. Maybe your high-ranking spouse loves gooey food?
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine two people, a husband and wife, happily 'paired' together, with a big 'goo' (like glue) holding them. The 'sha' can be a person shape.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Try to say 'My spouse is kind' in Japanese. (ヒント: 親切 - shinsetsu - kind)
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
From Middle Chinese.
मूल अर्थ: Spouse, partner, or counterpart.
Sino-Japanese.सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
In Japanese culture, the term <span lang="ja">配偶者</span> (haigūsha) is a formal and neutral term for a spouse. While it can refer to either a husband or a wife, more specific terms like <span lang="ja">夫</span> (otto) for husband and <span lang="ja">妻</span> (tsuma) for wife are often used in everyday conversation. This term is frequently seen in legal documents or official contexts.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
Introducing your spouse to someone.
- こちらは私の配偶者です。(This is my spouse.)
- 私の配偶者は[名前]です。(My spouse's name is [name].)
- 配偶者の[名前]を紹介します。(Let me introduce my spouse, [name].)
Talking about your marital status.
- 私は配偶者がいます。(I have a spouse.)
- 配偶者はいますか？(Do you have a spouse?)
- 配偶者はいません。(I don't have a spouse.)
Discussing your spouse's profession or hobbies.
- 私の配偶者は医者です。(My spouse is a doctor.)
- 配偶者は読書が好きです。(My spouse likes reading.)
- 配偶者は週末にゴルフをします。(My spouse plays golf on weekends.)
Asking about someone else's spouse.
- あなたの配偶者は元気ですか？(How is your spouse doing?)
- 配偶者の方は何をされていますか？(What does your spouse do?)
- 配偶者の方も一緒に来ますか？(Will your spouse come too?)
Talking about family plans or events.
- 配偶者と旅行に行きます。(I'm going on a trip with my spouse.)
- 配偶者と相談します。(I'll discuss it with my spouse.)
- 配偶者と週末を過ごします。(I'll spend the weekend with my spouse.)
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"あなたの配偶者はどのような人ですか？(What kind of person is your spouse?)"
"配偶者との一番の思い出は何ですか？(What's your best memory with your spouse?)"
"配偶者と共通の趣味はありますか？(Do you and your spouse have any common hobbies?)"
"配偶者に感謝していることは何ですか？(What are you grateful for about your spouse?)"
"もし配偶者がいなかったら、何をしていますか？(If you didn't have a spouse, what would you be doing?)"
डायरी विषय
あなたの配偶者について、一番好きな点を三つ挙げてください。(List three things you like most about your spouse.)
配偶者と出会った時のことを詳しく書いてください。(Write in detail about when you met your spouse.)
配偶者との未来について、どのような夢や計画がありますか？(What dreams or plans do you have for the future with your spouse?)
配偶者との関係で、最も大切にしていることは何ですか？(What do you value most in your relationship with your spouse?)
配偶者と最近経験した楽しい出来事について書いてください。(Write about a fun event you recently experienced with your spouse.)
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवालThe most common and formal way to say 'spouse' in Japanese is 配偶者 (haigūsha).
Yes, 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a more formal term. You'll often see it on official documents or in more formal speech. For everyday conversation, people might use other terms depending on the context.
Absolutely! While 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a general term, you'll hear other words. For husband, you might hear 夫 (otto) or ご主人 (goshujin - polite). For wife, 妻 (tsuma) or 奥さん (okusan - polite) are common.
You can, but it might sound a bit formal. For your own spouse, it's more common to use terms like 夫 (otto) for husband or 妻 (tsuma) for wife. For example: 私の夫は医者です。 (Watashi no otto wa isha desu.) - My husband is a doctor.
A polite way to ask is: 配偶者はいらっしゃいますか？ (Haigūsha wa irasshaimasu ka?) This is formal. A more common, slightly less formal way might be: ご結婚されていますか？ (Gokekkon sarete imasu ka?) - Are you married?
Yes. 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a gender-neutral term for 'spouse.' 夫 (otto) specifically means 'husband,' and 妻 (tsuma) specifically means 'wife.' So, 配偶者 covers both.
You would definitely use 配偶者 (haigūsha) in legal documents, application forms, or official reports where a neutral term for 'spouse' is required. For example, '扶養配偶者' (fuyō haigūsha) means 'dependent spouse'.
No, 配偶者 (haigūsha) specifically refers to a legally married spouse. For a fiancé or fiancée, you would use 婚約者 (konyakusha).
Let's break it down: 配 (hai) means 'distribute, allot,' but here it implies 'partner.' 偶 (gū) means 'even number, chance, partner.' 者 (sha) means 'person.' Together, it forms 'partner person' or 'spouse'.
You'll often see it in phrases related to official status, like: 配偶者控除 (haigūsha kōjo) - spouse deduction (tax), or 配偶者ビザ (haigūsha biza) - spouse visa.
खुद को परखो 138 सवाल
私の___は日本人です。
The sentence means 'My spouse is Japanese.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) means spouse.
彼女には___がいますか？
The sentence means 'Does she have a spouse?' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) means spouse.
彼の___はとても優しいです。
The sentence means 'His spouse is very kind.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) means spouse.
結婚する前に___に会いました。
The sentence means 'I met my spouse before getting married.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) means spouse.
___と一緒に旅行に行きました。
The sentence means 'I went on a trip with my spouse.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) means spouse.
___は料理が得意です。
The sentence means 'My spouse is good at cooking.' '私の配偶者' (watashi no hai-gū-sha) means my spouse.
This is my spouse.
Is your spouse Japanese?
My spouse is an office worker.
Read this aloud:
これは私の配偶者です。
Focus: hai-gū-sha
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
あなたの配偶者は元気ですか？
Focus: hai-gū-sha wa gen-ki desu ka
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
私の配偶者は優しいです。
Focus: hai-gū-sha wa ya-sa-shii desu
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This means 'This is my spouse.' The particles connect the words correctly.
This means 'He is a kind spouse.' 'は' is the topic particle and 'です' is the copula.
This means 'She is a good spouse.' 'は' indicates the subject and 'です' completes the sentence.
私の___は会社員です。
The sentence means 'My spouse is an office worker.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) fits the context of someone's husband or wife being an office worker. '友達' means friend, '家族' means family, and '先生' means teacher.
彼は___と一緒に旅行しました。
The sentence means 'He traveled with his spouse.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) is the most appropriate choice for someone to travel with. '犬' is dog, '車' is car, and '本' is book.
あなたの___は何人ですか？
The question means 'How many spouses do you have?' This is a direct question about one's marital status. '友達' means friend, '兄弟' means siblings, and '家族' means family.
彼女は___と幸せに暮らしています。
The sentence means 'She lives happily with her spouse.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) is the most logical choice for someone to live happily with. '仕事' is work, '家' is house, and '猫' is cat.
私の___は医者です。
The sentence means 'My spouse is a doctor.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) is appropriate here. '趣味' is hobby, '夢' is dream, and 'ペット' is pet.
新しい___を探しています。
The sentence means 'I am looking for a new spouse.' '配偶者' (hai-gū-sha) fits if someone is looking for a partner. '服' is clothes, '食べ物' is food, and '携帯' is mobile phone.
Choose the correct Japanese word for 'spouse'.
配偶者 (haigūsha) specifically means 'spouse', whereas the other options mean 'friend', 'family', and 'lover' respectively.
Which of these sentences correctly uses 配偶者?
The first sentence correctly uses 配偶者 to refer to a person. The second is grammatically incorrect in this context for introducing a person. The last two sentences are nonsensical.
If someone asks '配偶者はいますか？' (Do you have a spouse?), what are they asking about?
配偶者 (haigūsha) refers to a husband or wife, so the question is about whether you are married or have a spouse.
The word 配偶者 can refer to either a husband or a wife.
Yes, 配偶者 (haigūsha) is a gender-neutral term for 'spouse'.
You can use 配偶者 to refer to your best friend.
No, 配偶者 (haigūsha) specifically means 'spouse' and cannot be used for a friend.
A common way to ask if someone is married is to ask about their 配偶者.
Yes, '配偶者はいますか？' (Do you have a spouse?) is a polite way to inquire about someone's marital status.
This is my spouse.
His spouse is Japanese.
I traveled with my spouse.
Read this aloud:
あなたの配偶者はどこにいますか？
Focus: hai-guu-sha
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
私の配偶者は医者です。
Focus: watashi no haiguusha wa isha desu
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
彼女の配偶者は会社員です。
Focus: kanojo no haiguusha wa kaisha-in desu
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence introducing your friend's spouse. (e.g., 'This is my friend's wife.')
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
これは私の友達の配偶者です。
Imagine you are filling out a form. Write 'spouse' in Japanese.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
配偶者
You are talking about someone who is married. Write 'They have a spouse' in Japanese.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
彼には配偶者がいます。
田中さんの配偶者の職業は何ですか？
Read this passage:
田中さんの配偶者は医者です。彼らは幸せに暮らしています。
田中さんの配偶者の職業は何ですか？
文章に「田中さんの配偶者は医者です」と書いてあります。(The passage says 'Tanaka-san's spouse is a doctor.')
文章に「田中さんの配偶者は医者です」と書いてあります。(The passage says 'Tanaka-san's spouse is a doctor.')
この人は、配偶者の何について話していますか？
Read this passage:
私の配偶者は料理が上手です。いつも美味しい夕食を作ってくれます。
この人は、配偶者の何について話していますか？
文章に「料理が上手です」と書いてあります。(The passage says 'is good at cooking.')
文章に「料理が上手です」と書いてあります。(The passage says 'is good at cooking.')
この人は来月、誰の誕生日を祝いますか？
Read this passage:
来月、私の配偶者の誕生日です。何をプレゼントしようか考えています。
この人は来月、誰の誕生日を祝いますか？
文章に「私の配偶者の誕生日です」と書いてあります。(The passage says 'It's my spouse's birthday.')
文章に「私の配偶者の誕生日です」と書いてあります。(The passage says 'It's my spouse's birthday.')
This sentence introduces someone's spouse as a doctor. '私の' means 'my', '配偶者' is 'spouse', 'は' is a topic marker, and '医者です' means 'is a doctor'.
This sentence describes someone's spouse as Japanese. '彼の' means 'his', '配偶者' is 'spouse', 'は' is a topic marker, and '日本人です' means 'is Japanese'.
This sentence indicates going on a trip with one's spouse. '配偶者と' means 'with my spouse', '旅行に' means 'to a trip', and '行きます' means 'go'.
私の___は医師です。(My ___ is a doctor.)
「配偶者」は「spouse」を意味します。
彼女は彼の___です。(She is his ___.)
「配偶者」は結婚している相手を指します。
___と一緒に旅行に行きました。(I went on a trip with my ___.)
この文脈では、旅行に行った相手が結婚している相手であることを示します。
結婚式には多くの友人と___が来ました。(Many friends and ___ came to the wedding.)
結婚式には友人だけでなく、新郎新婦の配偶者も当然参加します。
彼の___はとても優しい人です。(His ___ is a very kind person.)
「配偶者」は、相手が結婚している人であることを示します。
将来、良い___を見つけたいです。(I want to find a good ___ in the future.)
ここでは、将来結婚する相手を探していることを意味します。
My spouse is a doctor.
She went on a trip with her spouse.
Let's also hear the spouse's opinion.
Read this aloud:
配偶者とは、結婚している相手のことです。
Focus: は (wa)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
彼の配偶者はとても優しい人です。
Focus: 優しい (yasashii)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
配偶者と一緒に映画を見に行きました。
Focus: 一緒 (issho)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence describing who a 配偶者 (haigūsha) is in simple terms, as if explaining to a child. Use Hiragana and Katakana.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
けっこんしたひとが はいぐうしゃ です。
Imagine you are filling out a form. Write a sentence stating that you do not have a 配偶者 (haigūsha).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
はいぐうしゃは いません。
Write a short message to a friend about your 配偶者 (haigūsha)'s recent achievement. Keep it brief and positive.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の配偶者が新しい仕事を見つけました。嬉しいです！
田中さんの配偶者の職業は何ですか？
Read this passage:
田中さんの配偶者は医者です。彼らは先月、新しい家に引っ越しました。毎日、一緒に散歩をしています。
田中さんの配偶者の職業は何ですか？
passage states '田中さんの配偶者は医者です。'
passage states '田中さんの配偶者は医者です。'
友人は誰と旅行に行く予定ですか？
Read this passage:
私は友人に「配偶者と一緒に旅行に行く予定はありますか？」と尋ねました。友人は「はい、来月沖縄に行くつもりです」と答えました。
友人は誰と旅行に行く予定ですか？
The question asks about traveling '配偶者と一緒に' (with spouse).
The question asks about traveling '配偶者と一緒に' (with spouse).
この文章から、配偶者とはどのような存在だと考えられますか？
Read this passage:
多くの文化では、結婚すると配偶者という関係になります。配偶者はお互いを支え合い、共に人生を歩む大切な存在です。
この文章から、配偶者とはどのような存在だと考えられますか？
The passage says '配偶者はお互いを支え合い、共に人生を歩む大切な存在です。'
The passage says '配偶者はお互いを支え合い、共に人生を歩む大切な存在です。'
This sentence means 'My spouse is good at cooking.' The particles の (no) and が (ga) connect the words correctly.
This sentence means 'He went on a trip with his spouse.' The particle と (to) indicates 'with' and に (ni) indicates 'to' a destination.
This sentence means 'The new law protects the rights of spouses.' The particle の (no) indicates possession and を (o) marks the direct object.
私の___は料理が得意です。
The sentence means 'My spouse is good at cooking.' '配偶者' (haigūsha) means spouse.
彼は___との時間を大切にしています。
The sentence means 'He cherishes time with his spouse.' '配偶者' (haigūsha) means spouse.
結婚式には、___の家族も招待されました。
The sentence means 'The spouse's family was also invited to the wedding.' '配偶者' (haigūsha) means spouse.
___ビザの申請には、多くの書類が必要です。
The sentence means 'Many documents are required for a spouse visa application.' '配偶者' (haigūsha) means spouse.
私の___は海外で働いています。
The sentence means 'My spouse is working overseas.' '配偶者' (haigūsha) means spouse.
___手当は、家族を扶養する人に支給されます。
The sentence means 'Spousal allowance is paid to those who support their family.' '配偶者' (haigūsha) means spouse.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼の___はとても優しい人です。
The sentence means 'His ___ is a very kind person.' 'Spouse' fits the context of describing someone's kind personality in relation to him.
Which word is the most formal way to say 'husband or wife'?
While '奥さん' and 'ご主人' are polite, '配偶者' is a more formal and general term for either a husband or a wife, often used in official contexts.
If you are filling out an official form and need to indicate your marital status, which word would be most appropriate to refer to your spouse?
'配偶者' is the standard term used in official documents for 'spouse,' encompassing both husband and wife.
The word '配偶者' can refer to either a husband or a wife.
'配偶者' is a gender-neutral term for a married partner.
'配偶者' is generally used in casual conversations with close friends.
'配偶者' is a more formal term. In casual conversations, people would typically use '夫' (husband) or '妻' (wife), or more polite terms like 'ご主人' or '奥さん'.
When asking about someone's spouse in a very formal setting, it is appropriate to use '配偶者'.
In formal settings, '配偶者' is the correct and respectful term to use when referring to a spouse.
The speaker is talking about their spouse's profession.
The speaker is emphasizing the importance of a spouse's support.
The sentence describes someone traveling with their spouse.
Read this aloud:
配偶者との時間を大切にしています。
Focus: はいくうしゃ
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
私の配偶者はとても料理が上手です。
Focus: りょうりがじょうず
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
配偶者に感謝の気持ちを伝えました。
Focus: かんしゃのきもち
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are introducing your spouse to a Japanese friend. Write a short paragraph describing your spouse, including their name, what they do, and one interesting hobby they have. Use "配偶者" at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の配偶者はジョンです。彼はエンジニアとして働いています。週末には、彼はよく料理をして、特に日本食を作るのが得意です。
Write three sentences comparing what you look for in a good friend versus what you would look for in a 配偶者. Focus on different qualities for each.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
良い友人には、一緒にいて楽しい人や信頼できる人を求めます。しかし、配偶者には、人生の困難を乗り越えられる強さや、深い共感力を持つことを期待します。共通の価値観を持つことも重要です。
You are writing a diary entry about a recent conversation with your family. Describe a family discussion about the qualities of an ideal 配偶者. What different opinions were shared?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
今日、家族と理想の配偶者について話しました。父は安定を重視するべきだと言い、母は優しい人が一番だと言いました。私は、一緒に成長できる人が良いと思いました。
この文章から、田中さんの配偶者について正しい記述はどれですか？
Read this passage:
田中さんは先月、会社の同僚である佐藤さんと結婚しました。佐藤さんは料理が得意で、田中さんの健康をいつも気遣ってくれます。二人は週末に新しいカフェを巡るのが共通の趣味です。
この文章から、田中さんの配偶者について正しい記述はどれですか？
文章に「田中さんは先月、会社の同僚である佐藤さんと結婚しました。佐藤さんは料理が得意で」とあります。
文章に「田中さんは先月、会社の同僚である佐藤さんと結婚しました。佐藤さんは料理が得意で」とあります。
鈴木さんの配偶者に関する情報で、文章に書かれていることは何ですか？
Read this passage:
近所の鈴木さんは、長年連れ添った配偶者と最近、世界一周旅行に出かけました。彼らは若い頃からの夢を叶えるために、計画を何年もかけて練ってきたそうです。この旅行が二人の絆をさらに深めることでしょう。
鈴木さんの配偶者に関する情報で、文章に書かれていることは何ですか？
文章に「長年連れ添った配偶者と最近、世界一周旅行に出かけました」と明確に書かれています。
文章に「長年連れ添った配偶者と最近、世界一周旅行に出かけました」と明確に書かれています。
この文章が示唆する、配偶者との関係において最も重要なことは何ですか？
Read this passage:
夫婦喧嘩はどこの家庭でも起こりうるものです。大切なのは、いかに早く仲直りできるか、そしてお互いを理解しようと努めることです。私の友人も、配偶者との些細な意見の相違を乗り越え、より強い関係を築いています。
この文章が示唆する、配偶者との関係において最も重要なことは何ですか？
文章に「大切なのは、いかに早く仲直りできるか、そしてお互いを理解しようと努めることです」とあります。
文章に「大切なのは、いかに早く仲直りできるか、そしてお互いを理解しようと努めることです」とあります。
This sentence means 'My spouse is good at cooking.' The particles 'の' (no) indicates possession, 'は' (wa) marks the topic, and 'が' (ga) marks the subject of the predicate '得意です' (tokui desu - is good at).
This sentence means 'They introduced each other's spouses.' '彼ら' (karera) means 'they', 'お互いの' (otagai no) means 'each other's', and '紹介し合った' (shōkai shiatta) means 'introduced to each other'. 'を' (o) is the direct object marker.
This sentence means 'You can attend that event with your spouse.' 'その' (sono) means 'that', 'イベントには' (ibento ni wa) means 'to the event', and '参加できます' (sanka dekimasu) means 'can participate'. '配偶者同伴で' (haigūsha dōhan de) means 'accompanied by your spouse'.
彼女は彼の___として、常に彼を支えています。 (She always supports him as his ___.)
文脈から、彼女が彼を支える関係として「配偶者」が最も適切です。
結婚式では、新郎新婦が互いの___となることを誓います。(At the wedding, the bride and groom vow to be each other's ___.)
結婚式で誓う関係として「配偶者」が適切です。
彼の___は海外に住んでおり、年に一度しか会えません。(His ___ lives overseas, and he can only meet them once a year.)
海外に住んでいて年に一度しか会えない相手として、「配偶者」が自然な選択です。
税法上、___控除という制度があります。(Under tax law, there is a system called the ___ deduction.)
「配偶者控除」は税法上の一般的な制度です。
夫婦は互いの___として、共に人生を歩むことを約束します。(Spouses promise to walk through life together as each other's ___.)
「夫婦」という言葉から、互いに「配偶者」であることが最も直接的な表現です。
彼はいつも___の意見を尊重し、大切な決断を共に下します。(He always respects his ___'s opinion and makes important decisions together.)
大切な決断を共にする相手として「配偶者」が最も適切です。
Listen for who she lives with abroad.
Listen for what kind of support helped him.
Listen for what information is included on the resident record.
Read this aloud:
私の配偶者は料理が得意です。
Focus: は (wa) and が (ga) particles
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
配偶者控除について詳しく教えてください。
Focus: 控除 (koujo)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
将来、配偶者と共に世界を旅したいです。
Focus: 共に (tomoni)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are introducing your spouse at a formal event. Write a short, polite introduction in Japanese, mentioning their name and profession.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の配偶者をご紹介させていただきます。彼は山田太郎と申します。彼は弁護士をしております。
You are writing a letter to a friend about a recent trip. Mention something your spouse did or said that was memorable during the trip.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
今回の旅行では、配偶者が面白い話をしてくれて、とても思い出に残りました。
Describe a common household chore you and your spouse share. Write about how you divide the responsibilities.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私たちは家事を分担しています。例えば、私が料理を担当し、配偶者が洗濯をしてくれます。
この文章から、筆者は結婚生活についてどのように考えていると推測できますか？
Read this passage:
先日、友人の結婚式に出席しました。新郎新婦の幸せそうな姿を見て、私も自分の配偶者とのこれまでの道のりを思い出しました。結婚生活は山あり谷ありですが、お互いを支え合うことが何よりも大切だと改めて感じました。
この文章から、筆者は結婚生活についてどのように考えていると推測できますか？
筆者は「山あり谷ありですが、お互いを支え合うことが何よりも大切だと改めて感じました」と述べており、結婚生活には困難もあるが、支え合うことの重要性を強調しています。
筆者は「山あり谷ありですが、お互いを支え合うことが何よりも大切だと改めて感じました」と述べており、結婚生活には困難もあるが、支え合うことの重要性を強調しています。
この文章で述べられている、幸せな結婚生活を送るための秘訣は何ですか？
Read this passage:
配偶者の選択は、人生において最も重要な決断の一つと言えるでしょう。価値観や将来の目標が一致することはもちろん、日々の生活を共に過ごす上での相性も非常に大切です。お互いを尊重し、理解し合う関係を築くことが、長く幸せな結婚生活の秘訣です。
この文章で述べられている、幸せな結婚生活を送るための秘訣は何ですか？
文章の最後に「お互いを尊重し、理解し合う関係を築くことが、長く幸せな結婚生活の秘訣です」と明記されています。
文章の最後に「お互いを尊重し、理解し合う関係を築くことが、長く幸せな結婚生活の秘訣です」と明記されています。
この研究結果から、配偶者がいることの一般的な利点は何ですか？
Read this passage:
最近の研究によると、配偶者がいる人は、健康寿命が長く、精神的な安定も保たれやすいという結果が出ています。もちろん個人差はありますが、信頼できるパートナーがいることは、心身ともに良い影響を与えると考えられています。しかし、配偶者との関係がうまくいかない場合は、かえってストレスの原因となることもあります。
この研究結果から、配偶者がいることの一般的な利点は何ですか？
文章中に「配偶者がいる人は、健康寿命が長く、精神的な安定も保たれやすいという結果が出ています」と明確に述べられています。
文章中に「配偶者がいる人は、健康寿命が長く、精神的な安定も保たれやすいという結果が出ています」と明確に述べられています。
This sentence introduces someone's spouse and their profession. The correct order is 'My spouse is a doctor.'
This sentence talks about making travel plans with one's spouse. The correct order is 'I made travel plans with my spouse.'
This sentence discusses legal changes related to spouses. The correct order is 'Legal changes concerning spouses have been announced.'
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼の配偶者はとても優しくて、いつも彼を支えています。
「配偶者」は結婚相手を指すので、この文脈では「妻」が最も適切です。
Which of the following situations would typically involve discussing one's '配偶者'?
「配偶者」は結婚相手を意味するため、結婚に関連する場面で使われます。
Select the sentence where '配偶者' is used correctly.
「配偶者」は一般的な結婚相手を指す言葉であり、誰の配偶者かを尋ねる文脈で自然に使われます。
「配偶者」は、未婚の恋人を指す言葉として使われることがある。
「配偶者」は結婚している相手、つまり夫または妻を指す言葉です。未婚の恋人には使いません。
ビジネスの場では、自分の結婚相手を「配偶者」と紹介することは適切である。
ビジネスの場では、自分の結婚相手を「配偶者」と表現するのは一般的で適切な表現です。より丁寧な印象を与えます。
「配偶者」という言葉は、男性と女性のどちらの結婚相手にも使うことができる。
「配偶者」は性別を問わず、夫と妻の両方を指すことができる中立的な言葉です。
This sentence introduces someone's spouse as a doctor. '私の' (my) comes first, followed by '配偶者' (spouse), then the topic particle 'は', and finally '医者です' (is a doctor).
This asks where someone's spouse lives. 'あなたの' (your) modifies '配偶者は' (spouse), followed by 'どこに' (where) and '住んでいますか' (do you live?).
This sentence means 'He spoke about his spouse.' '彼は' (he) is the subject, '配偶者' (spouse) is the topic of discussion, 'について' means 'about', and '話しました' (spoke) is the verb.
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Summary
「配偶者」is a formal and official term for a spouse, meaning husband or wife.
- formal spouse
- husband or wife
- official term
Learn the Kanji for 配偶者
Break down the kanji: 配 (はい - to distribute, spouse), 偶 (ぐう - by chance, paired), 者 (しゃ - person). Understanding the individual kanji can help you remember the meaning of 配偶者 (はいぐうしゃ - spouse).
How to say 'My spouse'
When referring to your own spouse, you can say 私の配偶者 (わたしの はいぐうしゃ). However, it's more common to use words like 夫 (おっと - husband) or 妻 (つま - wife).
Asking about someone's spouse
To ask someone about their spouse, you might say: 配偶者はいらっしゃいますか？ (はいぐうしゃは いらっしゃいますか？ - Do you have a spouse?). This is a polite way to inquire.
Formal vs. Informal terms for spouse
配偶者 is a formal term, often used in official documents or legal contexts. In daily conversation, people typically use more common terms like 夫 (おっと - husband) and 妻 (つま - wife), or even 奥さん (おくさん - wife, used for someone else's wife) and ご主人 (ごしゅじん - husband, used for someone else's husband).
उदाहरण
彼の配偶者は外国人です。
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
family के और शब्द
還暦
B160th birthday (celebration of completing a 60-year cycle).
〜くらい
B1About; approximately; to the extent that.
認め合う
B1To recognize each other's worth; to acknowledge.
知人
B1Acquaintance.
顔見知り
A2Acquaintance; someone you know by sight.
甘える
B1To be spoiled, to fawn; to behave like a pampered child.
活発な
B1Active; lively; vigorous.
思春期
B1Adolescence; the period of transition from childhood to adulthood.
養子
B1Adopted child; a child taken into one's family by legal means.
養親
B2Adoptive parent.
