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A2 verb #2,000 सबसे आम 7 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

희망하다

himanghada
At the A1 level, learners are introduced to the concept of expressing basic wants and needs. While '희망하다' is slightly formal, it is essential to recognize it early on because it appears frequently in public signs, basic forms, and polite greetings. A1 learners should focus on understanding the noun form '희망' (hope) and the basic verb conjugation '희망합니다' (I hope). You might see it on a form asking for your '희망 날짜' (preferred date). At this stage, do not worry about complex grammar; just know that when you see or hear '희망하다', someone is expressing a wish for the future. Practice simple sentences like '저는 평화를 희망합니다' (I hope for peace). Recognizing this word will help you understand polite requests and formal wishes in everyday Korean life. It is a stepping stone to understanding the polite, formal register of the Korean language, which is crucial for interacting with strangers and authority figures.
At the A2 level, '희망하다' becomes an active part of your vocabulary. You should now be able to use it to express your own hopes and understand when others express theirs. The key grammar point to master here is attaching the object particle '을/를' to nouns (e.g., 성공을 희망하다 - to hope for success). You should also begin practicing the '-기를 희망하다' structure, which allows you to hope for an action (e.g., 합격하기를 희망해요 - I hope to pass). At this level, you will notice the difference between '원하다' (to want something directly) and '희망하다' (to hope for a situation or outcome). You can use it in simple letters or emails, such as writing '좋은 하루 보내시기를 희망합니다' (I hope you have a good day). This elevates your Korean from basic survival phrases to more polite and thoughtful communication, which is highly valued in Korean culture.
For B1 learners, '희망하다' is a tool for professional and nuanced communication. You are expected to use it comfortably in workplace scenarios, such as discussing '희망 연봉' (desired salary) or writing formal emails ('빠른 답변을 희망합니다' - I hope for a quick reply). At this stage, you should understand how to modify the intensity of your hope using adverbs like '간절히' (earnestly) or '강력히' (strongly). You will also encounter it frequently in reading comprehension exercises, such as news articles or opinion pieces discussing public sentiment ('시민들은 변화를 희망한다' - Citizens hope for change). B1 learners should be able to differentiate it clearly from '기대하다' (to expect) and '바라다' (to wish), choosing the correct word based on the context's formality and the likelihood of the event occurring. Mastery of this word at B1 shows a solid grasp of intermediate Korean pragmatics.
At the B2 level, your use of '희망하다' should be sophisticated and automatic. You will use it to articulate complex arguments, discuss societal issues, and express abstract desires. In debates or essays, you might write, '정부의 적극적인 지원을 희망하는 바입니다' (It is our hope that the government provides active support), utilizing more advanced grammatical structures like '-는 바이다'. You should be fully aware of its Hanja roots (希望) and how it connects to other vocabulary. B2 learners will also understand its passive or causative nuances in complex sentences. You will easily comprehend news broadcasts where anchors use the term to summarize national moods or political expectations. Furthermore, you can gracefully navigate the subtle social hierarchies in Korea by using '희망하다' to make polite, indirect requests to superiors, softening the demand into a respectful hope.
C1 learners utilize '희망하다' with native-like precision, seamlessly integrating it into high-level academic, professional, and literary discourse. At this advanced stage, you understand the rhetorical power of the word. It is not just about expressing a wish; it is about setting a tone of diplomacy, formal expectation, or profound aspiration. You will encounter and use it in complex compound sentences, such as '양국 간의 관계가 조속히 정상화되기를 강력히 희망하는 바이며, 이를 위해 최선을 다할 것입니다' (We strongly hope for the prompt normalization of relations between the two countries, and we will do our best to achieve this). You understand its collocations deeply and can play with its nuances compared to words like '염원하다' (to long for) or '갈망하다' (to crave). Your writing and speech will reflect a deep cultural understanding of how hope and desire are expressed formally in Korean society.
At the C2 mastery level, '희망하다' is a foundational element of your expansive vocabulary, used effortlessly across all registers and mediums. You can deconstruct its usage in classical texts, modern literature, and legal documents. You understand how the concept of '희망' shapes Korean societal narratives, from post-war recovery to modern economic aspirations. You can use it to convey subtle irony, profound despair (by its absence), or diplomatic tact. In high-stakes negotiations or public speaking, you deploy '희망하다' to build consensus and project visionary leadership. You are also capable of coining new phrases or understanding highly specialized jargon where '희망' acts as a prefix or suffix. Your command of the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, reflecting a complete internalization of Korean linguistic and cultural paradigms regarding future aspirations.
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

희망하다 30 सेकंड में

  • To hope for something.
  • Formal way to say wish.
  • Used with 을/를 or -기를.
  • Common in business and news.

The Korean verb 희망하다 (hui-mang-ha-da) translates to 'to hope', 'to wish', or 'to desire'. It is a formal and commonly used word in both spoken and written Korean to express a strong desire for something to happen in the future. Understanding its nuances requires looking at its Hanja roots: 希 (바랄 희 - to hope) and 望 (바랄 망 - to look forward to). Together, they form a word that conveys a deep sense of anticipation and longing. This word is often used in formal settings, such as news broadcasts, official statements, and polite conversations, but it is also perfectly acceptable in everyday speech when expressing a sincere wish.

Hanja Breakdown
希 (희): To hope, rare. 望 (망): To look at, to expect. Combining these gives the literal meaning of looking forward with hope.

저는 세계 평화를 희망합니다.

I hope for world peace.

When using this verb, the object you are hoping for is typically marked with the object particle 을/를. For example, '성공을 희망하다' (to hope for success). It is slightly more formal than the native Korean verb 바라다 (to wish/hope), which is often used in similar contexts but has a slightly softer, more personal tone.

Grammar Structure
[Noun]을/를 희망하다 - To hope for [Noun]. [Verb]-기를 희망하다 - To hope to [Verb].

빠른 쾌유를 희망합니다.

I hope for a speedy recovery.

In many contexts, '희망하다' can also be translated as 'to request' or 'to prefer' when filling out forms or applications. For instance, '희망 연봉' means 'desired salary', and '희망 부서' means 'preferred department'. This shows the versatility of the word beyond just emotional hoping.

합격을 간절히 희망하고 있습니다.

I am earnestly hoping to pass.
Collocations
간절히 희망하다 (to hope earnestly), 강력히 희망하다 (to hope strongly), 진심으로 희망하다 (to hope sincerely).

모두가 행복해지기를 희망해요.

I hope everyone becomes happy.

To summarize, mastering '희망하다' is crucial for learners aiming for CEFR A2 and above, as it bridges the gap between basic desires (원하다) and formal aspirations. Practice using it with different nouns and verb nominalizations (-기) to fully grasp its syntactic flexibility.

내일은 날씨가 맑기를 희망합니다.

I hope the weather is clear tomorrow.

Using 희망하다 correctly involves understanding its grammatical pairings. The most common structure is attaching the object particle 을/를 to a noun. For example, '취업을 희망하다' (to hope for employment) or '평화를 희망하다' (to hope for peace). This makes it a transitive verb requiring a direct object. When you want to express hoping for an action to occur, you must turn the verb into a noun using the -기 nominalizer, followed by 를. For instance, '가기를 희망하다' (to hope to go) or '만나기를 희망하다' (to hope to meet).

Another common pattern is using it with the adverb 간절히 (earnestly) to emphasize the depth of the hope: '간절히 희망합니다' (I earnestly hope). In business or formal contexts, you will often see the noun form 희망 used as a modifier, such as 희망 직종 (desired occupation) or 희망 날짜 (preferred date). This usage is extremely prevalent in job applications, surveys, and official forms in South Korea.

When conjugating, it follows standard regular '-하다' verb rules. Present formal: 희망합니다. Present polite: 희망해요. Past formal: 희망했습니다. Past polite: 희망했어요. Future/Presumptive: 희망하겠습니다 / 희망할 것입니다. It is rarely used in the imperative (command) form, as you cannot command someone to hope, but it can be used in the propositive (let's) form metaphorically: '우리 모두 더 나은 미래를 희망합시다' (Let us all hope for a better future).

Compared to 원하다 (to want), 희망하다 is less about immediate personal gratification and more about future-oriented, often broader or more formal desires. You would use 원하다 for 'I want a coffee' (커피를 원해요), but you would use 희망하다 for 'I hope for the company's growth' (회사의 발전을 희망합니다). Understanding this distinction in register and scope is key to sounding natural in Korean.

The verb 희망하다 is ubiquitous in South Korean society, particularly in formal, professional, and media contexts. You will frequently hear it on news broadcasts when reporters discuss the expectations of the public or the government. For example, a news anchor might say, '국민들은 경제 회복을 희망하고 있습니다' (The citizens are hoping for economic recovery). It is a staple vocabulary word in journalism because it conveys a collective or significant desire with appropriate gravity.

In the workplace, it is heavily used in emails, reports, and meetings. When ending a formal email, a professional might write, '긍정적인 검토를 희망합니다' (I hope for a positive review/consideration). During job interviews, candidates are often asked about their '희망 연봉' (desired salary) or '희망 부서' (preferred department). Human resources departments use this term constantly in surveys and internal communications to gauge employee preferences.

You will also encounter it in customer service and public announcements. A company might issue a statement saying, '고객님의 양해를 희망합니다' (We hope for your understanding). In educational settings, teachers and principals use it during speeches: '학생들의 밝은 미래를 희망합니다' (I hope for the students' bright future). While it is less common in casual, everyday banter between close friends (who might prefer 바라다 or -았/었으면 좋겠다), it is still understood and used when discussing serious life goals, such as '나는 네가 성공하기를 희망해' (I hope you succeed).

A frequent mistake learners make with 희망하다 is confusing it with 원하다 (to want) in casual contexts. For instance, saying '저는 햄버거를 희망해요' (I hope for a hamburger) sounds incredibly awkward and overly formal. For simple, immediate wants, '원하다' or the grammar pattern '-고 싶다' is correct. '희망하다' should be reserved for more significant, future-oriented, or formal hopes.

Another common grammatical error is failing to use the -기 nominalizer when attaching it to a verb. Learners might say '성공하다를 희망해요' instead of the correct '성공하기를 희망해요'. The verb must be transformed into a noun phrase before it can act as the object of 희망하다. Similarly, using the wrong particle is a typical pitfall; since it is a transitive verb, it requires 을/를, not 이/가. '평화가 희망해요' is incorrect; it must be '평화를 희망해요'.

Learners also sometimes confuse 희망하다 with 기대하다 (to expect/anticipate). While both look to the future, 기대하다 implies a stronger belief that the event will actually happen, whereas 희망하다 is purely a wish or desire, regardless of the probability. Saying '비가 오기를 기대해요' means you anticipate rain, while '비가 오기를 희망해요' means you wish for rain. Mixing these up can change the nuance of your sentence entirely.

Several words in Korean share semantic similarities with 희망하다, each with its own nuance. 바라다 is the closest native Korean equivalent. It means 'to wish' or 'to hope' and is widely used in both formal and informal contexts. It feels slightly softer and more personal than the Hanja-based 희망하다. For example, '네가 행복하길 바라' (I wish you happiness) is very natural among friends.

원하다 (to want) is another related term, but it focuses more on direct desire or need, often for tangible things or immediate outcomes. 기대하다 (to expect, to look forward to) involves anticipation and a degree of certainty that something will occur. 소망하다 (to wish/desire) is a more poetic or religious term, often used in prayers or deep, heartfelt wishes (e.g., '새해 소망' - New Year's wish).

기원하다 (to pray for, to wish) is highly formal and often used in ceremonies or official messages, such as '건승을 기원합니다' (I pray for your success). 갈망하다 (to crave, to long for) and 열망하다 (to desire ardently) express a much more intense, burning desire than simple hope. Understanding this spectrum of desire and anticipation allows learners to choose the exact word that fits the emotional intensity and formality of their message.

How Formal Is It?

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कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

저는 평화를 희망합니다.

I hope for peace.

Noun + 을/를 희망하다

2

좋은 날씨를 희망해요.

I hope for good weather.

Polite present tense: 희망해요

3

희망 날짜가 언제입니까?

When is your preferred date?

희망 used as a noun modifier

4

건강을 희망합니다.

I hope for health.

Noun + 을/를 희망하다

5

행복을 희망해요.

I hope for happiness.

Polite present tense

6

우리는 내일을 희망합니다.

We hope for tomorrow.

Subject '우리는' (We)

7

성공을 희망합니다.

I hope for success.

Formal present tense

8

희망 부서를 쓰세요.

Please write your preferred department.

Imperative with 쓰다

1

시험에 합격하기를 희망해요.

I hope to pass the exam.

Verb stem + 기를 희망하다

2

빨리 낫기를 희망합니다.

I hope you get well soon.

Verb stem + 기를 희망하다

3

가족과 함께 있기를 희망해요.

I hope to be with my family.

있다 + 기를

4

새로운 직장을 희망합니다.

I hope for a new job.

Adjective modifier '새로운'

5

모두가 안전하기를 희망해요.

I hope everyone is safe.

Adjective + 기를 희망하다

6

여행 가기를 희망했습니다.

I hoped to go on a trip.

Past tense: 희망했습니다

7

문제가 해결되기를 희망합니다.

I hope the problem is resolved.

Passive verb 해결되다

8

좋은 결과를 희망하고 있어요.

I am hoping for a good result.

Present progressive: -고 있다

1

국민들은 경제가 회복되기를 간절히 희망하고 있습니다.

The citizens are earnestly hoping for the economy to recover.

Adverb 간절히 + Present progressive

2

이력서에 희망 연봉을 기재해 주시기 바랍니다.

Please state your desired salary on your resume.

희망 연봉 (desired salary)

3

이번 프로젝트가 성공적으로 마무리되기를 희망합니다.

I hope this project is completed successfully.

Adverb 성공적으로

4

고객님의 너른 양해를 희망하는 바입니다.

We hope for your broad understanding.

Formal ending -는 바입니다

5

그는 어릴 적부터 의사가 되기를 희망해 왔습니다.

He has hoped to become a doctor since he was young.

Present perfect continuous: -아/어 오다

6

양국 간의 평화 협정이 체결되기를 희망합니다.

I hope a peace treaty between the two countries is signed.

Passive verb 체결되다

7

더 나은 미래를 희망하며 열심히 일하고 있습니다.

I am working hard, hoping for a better future.

Conjunctive ending -며 (while)

8

회사의 발전을 위해 모두가 협력하기를 희망해요.

I hope everyone cooperates for the development of the company.

Noun + 을/를 위해 (for the sake of)

1

정부의 신속한 대책 마련을 강력히 희망하는 목소리가 커지고 있다.

Voices strongly hoping for the government's swift preparation of countermeasures are growing louder.

Noun modifier 희망하는

2

귀사의 무궁한 발전과 번영을 기원하며, 지속적인 협력을 희망합니다.

Praying for your company's endless development and prosperity, we hope for continuous cooperation.

Formal business correspondence style

3

피해자들은 가해자에 대한 엄중한 처벌을 희망하고 나섰다.

The victims have stepped forward hoping for severe punishment for the perpetrator.

-고 나서다 (to step forward doing)

4

단순히 기적을 희망하기보다는 구체적인 계획을 세워야 합니다.

Rather than simply hoping for a miracle, we must make a concrete plan.

-기보다는 (rather than)

5

그녀는 자신의 재능이 사회에 기여하는 데 쓰이기를 희망했다.

She hoped her talent would be used to contribute to society.

Passive 쓰이다 + -는 데 (in doing)

6

환경 오염 문제가 조속히 해결되기를 희망해 마지않습니다.

I sincerely hope that the environmental pollution problem is resolved promptly.

-아/어 마지않다 (to do sincerely/endlessly)

7

노사 양측이 원만한 합의에 도달하기를 희망하는 분위기입니다.

The atmosphere is one of hoping that both labor and management reach an amicable agreement.

Noun modifier + 분위기이다

8

청년들은 실패해도 다시 일어설 수 있는 사회를 희망한다.

Young people hope for a society where they can rise again even if they fail.

Complex noun modification

1

국제 사회는 한반도의 비핵화가 평화적으로 달성되기를 일관되게 희망해 왔다.

The international community has consistently hoped that the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula is achieved peacefully.

Adverb 일관되게 + -아/어 오다

2

이 책이 방황하는 청춘들에게 작은 위로와 길잡이가 되기를 희망해 봅니다.

I humbly hope that this book becomes a small comfort and guide for wandering youth.

Softening expression -아/어 보다

3

단기적인 이익 창출보다는 장기적인 지속 가능성을 확보하기를 희망하는 바이다.

It is our hope to secure long-term sustainability rather than short-term profit generation.

Formal declarative -는 바이다

4

그의 발언은 사태의 원만한 수습을 희망하는 대다수 국민의 염원을 저버린 것이다.

His remarks betrayed the desire of the majority of citizens who hope for an amicable settlement of the situation.

Complex relative clause modifying 염원

5

우리는 기술의 발전이 인간 소외를 초래하지 않고 인류 복지 증진에 기여하기를 희망한다.

We hope that technological advancement does not cause human alienation but contributes to the promotion of human welfare.

-지 않고 (without doing) + 기여하기를

6

양측의 입장 차이가 워낙 커서 타협점을 찾기를 희망하는 것은 무리라는 지적도 있다.

There are also point-outs that it is unreasonable to hope to find a compromise because the difference in positions between the two sides is so great.

Nominalization + 은/는 무리이다

7

예술이 일상의 고단함을 잊게 해주는 안식처가 되기를 희망하며 이 곡을 썼습니다.

I wrote this song hoping that art becomes a haven that makes us forget the exhaustion of daily life.

Causative -게 해주다

8

차기 정부가 분열된 국론을 통합하고 경제 도약을 이끌어내기를 강력히 희망한다.

We strongly hope that the next government integrates the divided national opinion and leads an economic leap.

Compound verbs 통합하고 이끌어내기를

1

인간의 이성이 야만적 폭력을 제어할 수 있기를 희망하는 것은 계몽주의적 환상에 불과한가?

Is hoping that human reason can control barbaric violence merely an Enlightenment illusion?

-에 불과하다 (to be nothing more than)

2

저자는 서문에서 자신의 연구가 후속 세대의 학문적 토대가 되기를 희망한다고 피력했다.

The author expressed in the preface his hope that his research would become the academic foundation for subsequent generations.

Indirect quotation -고 피력하다

3

모든 생명체가 공존하는 생태적 상상력이 발현되기를 희망해 마지않는 바이다.

I cannot help but sincerely hope that an ecological imagination where all living beings coexist will be manifested.

Highly formal -아/어 마지않는 바이다

4

시대의 어둠 속에서도 한 줄기 빛을 희망하는 인간의 실존적 몸부림을 이 작품은 그리고 있다.

This work depicts the existential struggle of humans hoping for a ray of light even in the darkness of the times.

Poetic/Literary phrasing

5

그 어떠한 정치적 수사로도 대중이 진정으로 희망하는 바를 호도할 수는 없을 것이다.

No political rhetoric will be able to mislead what the public truly hopes for.

Bound noun 바 (what/that which)

6

우리는 맹목적인 낙관주의를 경계하면서도, 연대를 통해 절망을 극복할 수 있기를 희망해야 한다.

While guarding against blind optimism, we must hope that we can overcome despair through solidarity.

-으면서도 (while doing/being)

7

역사의 수레바퀴가 퇴행하지 않고 진보를 향해 굴러가기를 희망하는 것은 지식인의 책무이다.

It is the duty of intellectuals to hope that the wheel of history does not regress but rolls toward progress.

Metaphorical expression 역사의 수레바퀴

8

개인의 자유와 공동체의 선이 조화롭게 양립하기를 희망하는 헌법적 가치를 수호해야 한다.

We must protect the constitutional value that hopes for the harmonious coexistence of individual freedom and the common good.

Complex legal/philosophical terminology

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

간절히 희망하다
강력히 희망하다
진심으로 희망하다
성공을 희망하다
평화를 희망하다
합격을 희망하다
취업을 희망하다
회복을 희망하다
발전을 희망하다
해결을 희망하다

सामान्य वाक्यांश

희망 연봉 (desired salary)

희망 부서 (preferred department)

희망 직종 (desired occupation)

희망 날짜 (preferred date)

희망 사항 (wishes/requests)

희망퇴직 (voluntary resignation)

희망 대학 (desired university)

희망 가격 (asking/desired price)

희망 고문 (false hope)

희망을 품다 (to harbor hope)

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

희망하다 vs 원하다 (to want - more direct/personal)

희망하다 vs 기대하다 (to expect - implies anticipation of a likely event)

희망하다 vs 바라다 (to wish - slightly less formal, native Korean)

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

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आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

희망하다 vs

희망하다 vs

희망하다 vs

희망하다 vs

희망하다 vs

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

nuance

Conveys a formal, respectful, and often collective or significant desire.

restrictions

Not for trivial wants (e.g., I hope for pizza).

common errors

Using 이/가 instead of 을/를 for the object.

सामान्य गलतियाँ
  • Using 이/가 instead of 을/를 (e.g., 평화가 희망하다 ❌ -> 평화를 희망하다 ⭕)
  • Using it for trivial wants (e.g., 밥을 희망하다 ❌ -> 밥을 원하다/먹고 싶다 ⭕)
  • Forgetting the -기 nominalizer (e.g., 가다를 희망하다 ❌ -> 가기를 희망하다 ⭕)
  • Confusing it with 기대하다 when expecting a certain outcome.
  • Using the imperative form (e.g., 희망하세요 ❌ - you cannot command someone to hope).

सुझाव

Use -기를 for Verbs

Always remember to attach -기를 to a verb stem before using 희망하다. For example, 합격하다 -> 합격하기를 희망하다.

Business Essential

Memorize '희망 연봉' (desired salary) and '희망 부서' (preferred department) if you plan to work in Korea.

Not for Pizza

Never use 희망하다 when you just want a slice of pizza. Stick to 피자를 먹고 싶어요.

Earnest Hope

Pair it with '간절히' (earnestly) to sound very sincere: 간절히 희망합니다.

Email Sign-offs

Use 긍정적인 검토를 희망합니다 (I hope for a positive review) to end formal business emails professionally.

Hope vs. Expect

Don't confuse it with 기대하다. 희망하다 is just a wish, while 기대하다 means you actually expect it to happen.

Object Particle

Always use 을/를 with the noun you are hoping for. 평화를 희망하다, not 평화가 희망하다.

Polite Requests

In Korea, framing a request as a 'hope' (e.g., 협조를 희망합니다) is a polite way to tell someone what to do.

바라다 as an Alternative

If you feel 희망하다 is too stiff for a conversation with a friend, switch to 바라다 (e.g., 잘 되길 바라).

False Hope

Learn the phrase '희망 고문' (hope torture) to describe situations where false hope is given.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

He (희) is a man (망) who Hopes (하다) for a better future.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Sino-Korean

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Do not use for trivial, immediate physical desires (e.g., hoping for a snack).

Highly formal, suitable for business and public speaking.

Very polite when used to express wishes for others (e.g., 빠른 쾌유를 희망합니다).

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"올해 가장 희망하는 목표는 무엇인가요? (What is your most hoped-for goal this year?)"

"어떤 직무를 희망하십니까? (What kind of duty/role do you hope for?)"

"앞으로 한국 사회가 어떻게 변화하기를 희망하나요? (How do you hope Korean society changes in the future?)"

"가장 희망하는 여행지는 어디입니까? (Where is your most desired travel destination?)"

"졸업 후 어떤 진로를 희망하고 있나요? (What career path are you hoping for after graduation?)"

डायरी विषय

내가 10년 뒤에 이루기를 희망하는 것들 (Things I hope to achieve in 10 years)

우리 가족의 건강과 행복을 희망하며 (Hoping for my family's health and happiness)

현재 사회에서 가장 개선되기를 희망하는 문제 (The problem I most hope is improved in current society)

나의 희망 직업과 그 이유 (My desired job and the reason)

내일 하루가 어떻게 흘러가기를 희망하는가? (How do I hope tomorrow goes?)

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

No, it sounds very unnatural and overly formal. For food or immediate desires, use 원하다 (to want) or -고 싶다 (want to eat/drink). 희망하다 is reserved for more significant, future-oriented goals or formal situations.

Both mean to hope or wish. 바라다 is a native Korean word and is slightly softer and more versatile, used in both casual and formal contexts. 희망하다 is a Sino-Korean (Hanja) word and sounds more formal, professional, and objective.

You must use the nominalizer -기. The correct phrase is 가기를 희망합니다 (I hope to go). You cannot attach 희망하다 directly to a verb stem without turning it into a noun first.

It is a transitive verb. This means it requires a direct object, which is marked by the particles 을 or 를. For example, 평화를 희망하다 (to hope for peace).

It translates to 'desired salary'. It is a very common phrase used in job applications and interviews in South Korea. The noun 희망 acts as a modifier here.

Yes. The past tense is 희망했다 (plain), 희망했습니다 (formal), or 희망했어요 (polite). It means 'hoped'. For example, 합격을 희망했습니다 (I hoped to pass).

You can use adverbs like 간절히 (earnestly), 강력히 (strongly), or 진심으로 (sincerely) before the verb. For example, 간절히 희망합니다 means 'I earnestly hope'.

Yes, it is very polite. Saying 건강하시기를 희망합니다 (I hope you stay healthy) is a respectful way to express good wishes to someone older or in a higher position.

The verb itself is rarely used in a passive form (희망되다 is uncommon). However, you can hope for a passive action to occur, such as 문제가 해결되기를 희망하다 (I hope the problem is resolved).

It is a modern slang/idiom that literally means 'hope torture'. It refers to the act of giving someone false hope, which ultimately causes them more pain than if they had no hope at all.

खुद को परखो 180 सवाल

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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