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A1 verb #3,500 सबसे आम 3 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

어기다

eogida

§ Mistakes people make with 어기다

The Korean verb 어기다 (A1) means 'to violate' or 'to break a rule or law'. It's a straightforward verb, but there are a few common mistakes English speakers make when using it. Let's look at them so you can avoid them.

§ Mistake 1: Confusing 어기다 with other 'breaking' verbs

Korean has several verbs that can translate to 'break' in English, but they are used in different contexts. 어기다 specifically refers to breaking abstract things like rules, promises, or laws. It does NOT refer to physically breaking an object.

Wrong:
저는 컵을 어겼어요. (I broke the cup.)

This is incorrect because you're using 어기다 for a physical object. For physical objects, you would use a verb like 깨다 (kkaeda) or 부수다 (busuda).

Correct:
저는 약속을 어겼어요. (I broke the promise.)

교통 법규를 어기면 안 돼요. (You shouldn't break traffic rules.)

§ Mistake 2: Incorrect tense or conjugation

This is a general Korean grammar mistake, but it's worth highlighting for 어기다 because it's a common verb in many scenarios. Ensure you're conjugating 어기다 correctly based on the formality and tense of your sentence.

  • Present tense informal polite: 어겨요
  • Past tense informal polite: 어겼어요
  • Future tense informal polite: 어길 거예요

For example, if you want to say 'He violated the agreement', you would say:

그는 계약을 어겼어요. (He violated the agreement.)

Not '그는 계약을 어기'. (This is an unconjugated dictionary form.)

§ Mistake 3: Overusing 어기다 for minor infractions

While 어기다 generally means 'to break a rule', it often carries a slightly more serious connotation, implying a violation of a stated rule, law, or promise. For very minor, informal 'breaking' of expectations or informal plans, other expressions might be more natural, though 어기다 isn't strictly wrong.

Consider:
약속을 지키지 못했어요. (I couldn't keep the promise.)

This sentence uses '지키지 못했어요' (couldn't keep) which can be softer than 'I violated the promise' (약속을 어겼어요), especially if it was an unavoidable situation rather than an intentional breach.

§ Mistake 4: Not using appropriate particles

Like many Korean verbs, 어기다 often takes the object particle -을/를. This particle attaches to the noun that is being violated or broken.

규칙을 어기다. (To break the rule.)

명령을 어기면 벌을 받아요. (If you disobey the command, you will be punished.)

Make sure you consistently use the correct particles to ensure your sentences are grammatically sound and clear.

§ Summary to avoid mistakes with 어기다

To confidently use 어기다, remember these key points:

  • It's for abstract concepts like rules, laws, promises, and appointments.
  • Do not use it for physically breaking objects.
  • Always conjugate it correctly based on formality and tense.
  • Use the object particle -을/를 with the noun being violated.

By keeping these tips in mind, you'll use 어기다 accurately and naturally in your Korean conversations and writing. Keep practicing, and you'll master it in no time!

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वास्तविक संदर्भ

Breaking a promise

  • 약속을 어기다 (yak-sok-eul eo-gi-da) - to break a promise
  • 약속을 지키다 (yak-sok-eul ji-ki-da) - to keep a promise
  • 미안해, 약속을 어겼어 (mi-an-hae, yak-sok-eul eo-gyeoss-eo) - I'm sorry, I broke the promise

Violating rules or laws

  • 규칙을 어기다 (gyu-chik-eul eo-gi-da) - to break a rule
  • 법을 어기다 (beob-eul eo-gi-da) - to break a law
  • 교통 규칙을 어기면 벌금을 내야 해요 (gyo-tong gyu-chik-eul eo-gi-myeon beol-geum-eul nae-ya hae-yo) - If you break traffic rules, you have to pay a fine

Missing a deadline

  • 마감 기한을 어기다 (ma-gam gi-han-eul eo-gi-da) - to miss a deadline
  • 마감 기한을 지키다 (ma-gam gi-han-eul ji-ki-da) - to meet a deadline
  • 보고서 마감 기한을 어기지 마세요 (bo-go-seo ma-gam gi-han-eul eo-gi-ji ma-se-yo) - Please don't miss the report deadline

Disobeying an order or command

  • 명령을 어기다 (myeong-ryeong-eul eo-gi-da) - to disobey an order
  • 부모님의 말씀을 어기지 마 (bu-mo-nim-ui mal-sseum-eul eo-gi-ji ma) - Don't disobey your parents' words

Breaking a contract or agreement

  • 계약을 어기다 (gye-yak-eul eo-gi-da) - to break a contract
  • 합의를 어기다 (hap-ui-reul eo-gi-da) - to break an agreement
  • 계약을 어기면 문제가 생길 수 있어요 (gye-yak-eul eo-gi-myeon mun-je-ga saeng-gil su iss-eo-yo) - If you break the contract, problems can arise

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"혹시 약속을 어겨본 적 있으세요? (hok-si yak-sok-eul eo-gyeo-bon jeok iss-eu-se-yo?) - Have you ever broken a promise?"

"한국에서 어떤 규칙을 어기면 안 되나요? (han-guk-e-seo eot-teon gyu-chik-eul eo-gi-myeon an doe-na-yo?) - What rules should not be broken in Korea?"

"친구와의 약속을 어겼을 때 어떻게 사과해요? (chin-gu-wa-ui yak-sok-eul eo-gyeoss-eul ttae eo-tteo-ke sa-gwa-hae-yo?) - How do you apologize when you break a promise with a friend?"

"마감 기한을 어긴 적이 있어요? (ma-gam gi-han-eul eo-gin jeok-i iss-eo-yo?) - Have you ever missed a deadline?"

"누군가 규칙을 어겼을 때 어떻게 반응하시나요? (nu-gun-ga gyu-chik-eul eo-gyeoss-eul ttae eo-tteo-ke ban-eung-ha-si-na-yo?) - How do you react when someone breaks a rule?"

डायरी विषय

When was a time you had to '어기다' (break) a rule or a promise? What happened?

What are some rules in your country that are often '어기다' (broken)? What are the consequences?

Describe a situation where someone '어기다' (violated) an agreement with you. How did it make you feel?

What is the most important rule for you not to '어기다' (break) in your daily life? Why?

Imagine you accidentally '어기다' (break) a very important promise. What would you do to make amends?

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