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A2 verb #3,800 most common 7 min read

违反

weifan Top 3,800

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 违反 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 违反 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '违反' (wéifǎn) very often in speaking, but you might see it on signs. Think of it as a very formal way to say 'don't do that'. For example, if you see a sign that says 'Do not smoke', the formal version in Chinese might mention '违反' (violating) the rule. You should focus on recognizing the characters. '违' looks like a person walking away from a path, and '反' looks like something being turned over. Together, they mean 'to break a rule'. You can remember it by thinking of a referee in a game blowing a whistle because someone did something 'wrong'. At this stage, just know that it is a verb used for rules, not for people.

At the A2 level, you can start using '违反' in simple sentences about daily rules. You might talk about '违反交通规则' (violating traffic rules) if you get a ticket, or '违反校规' (violating school rules). It is a 'Subject + Verb + Object' word. For example: 'He (Subject) + violated (Verb) + the rule (Object)'. It is important to remember that '违反' is more formal than just saying 'no'. If your teacher says you '违反' a rule, it is serious! You should also learn the basic negative form: '没有违反' (did not violate). This helps you explain yourself if someone accuses you of doing something wrong.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use '违反' to discuss more abstract concepts like '违反合同' (violating a contract) or '违反纪律' (violating discipline). You will start to see this word in news articles or longer reading passages. You should also be able to distinguish '违反' from '反对' (to oppose). While '反对' is about your opinion (I don't like this plan), '违反' is about an action (I broke the rule). You can also use adverbs like '严重' (seriously) to say '严重违反' (seriously violate). This adds more detail to your descriptions of events or news stories you are summarizing.

At the B2 level, '违反' becomes a key tool for discussing legal issues, social problems, and ethics. You should understand its collocations with words like '法律' (law), '准则' (criteria/standard), and '程序' (procedure). You will need to use it in essays to argue whether an action is acceptable or not. At this level, you should also be careful with the nuance between '违反' and '违背'. Remember that '违反' is for external, objective rules, while '违背' is for internal, moral things like '违背良心' (going against one's conscience). You might also encounter it in passive structures or complex sentences in business Chinese.

At the C1 level, you are expected to use '违反' with precision in professional and academic contexts. You might discuss '违反自然规律' (violating the laws of nature) in a scientific discussion or '违反宪法' (violating the constitution) in a political debate. You should be comfortable using it in formal written reports. You will also encounter more sophisticated synonyms like '触犯' (to offend/violate) or '亵渎' (to profane/violate something sacred). Your understanding of '违反' should extend to its role in fixed legal phrases and formal administrative language, where the exact choice of verb can change the legal implication of a sentence.

At the C2 level, '违反' is used with total native-like fluency, including its use in literary or highly specialized legal texts. You can appreciate the subtle difference between '违反' and more archaic or specific terms like '悖逆' (to rebel/go against) or '违戾' (to be at odds with). You can use '违反' to deconstruct complex philosophical arguments or to draft formal legal challenges. You understand how the word functions within the broader system of Chinese governance and social norms, and you can use it to articulate nuanced critiques of policies or theories where a standard is being compromised or ignored in a subtle way.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

违反 in 30 Seconds

Formal verb meaning 'to violate' or 'to break' rules/laws.
Commonly used with laws, regulations, contracts, and logic.
Different from '违背' (moral/personal) and '违抗' (disobeying orders).
Essential for legal, administrative, and academic Chinese contexts.

The Chinese word 违反 (wéifǎn) is a formal and standard verb used to describe the act of breaking, violating, or infringing upon established rules, laws, regulations, or principles. To understand 违反, one must look at its component characters. 违 (wéi) originally meant to go against or to deviate from a path, while 反 (fǎn) suggests being contrary or opposite. Together, they create a powerful term that implies a direct contradiction to a set standard. In everyday life, you will encounter this word in official contexts, such as traffic warnings, legal documents, and school or workplace policies. It is not typically used for minor social faux pas or personal disagreements; rather, it is reserved for situations where a formal boundary has been crossed. For instance, if you cross the street when the light is red, you are 违反交通规则 (violating traffic rules). If a company fails to follow environmental standards, they are 违反环保法律 (violating environmental protection laws).

Formal Context: 违反 is predominantly used in legal, administrative, and academic settings to denote a breach of objective standards.

任何人都不能违反法律。 (No one is allowed to violate the law.)

Objective Nature: The word focuses on the act of breaking a rule rather than the personal emotion behind it. It is a factual statement of non-compliance.

他的行为违反了公司的规定。 (His behavior violated the company's regulations.)

Usage with Abstract Principles: Beyond laws, 违反 can also apply to scientific principles or logic, such as 违反自然规律 (violating the laws of nature).

这种做法违反了科学常识。 (This practice violates scientific common sense.)

如果你违反了合同，你需要支付赔偿金。 (If you violate the contract, you need to pay compensation.)

在比赛中违反规则会被取消资格。 (Violating rules in a competition will lead to disqualification.)

Students of Chinese should note that 违反 is often paired with specific nouns to form common collocations that appear in HSK exams and daily news. By mastering this word, you gain the ability to discuss governance, ethics, and social order with precision.

Using 违反 correctly requires understanding its grammatical structure and the specific types of nouns it governs. The most common structure is [Subject] + 违反 + [Object]. The subject is usually a person, an organization, or a specific action, while the object is almost always a formal noun representing a rule or standard.

Structure: Action as Subject: Sometimes an entire clause or action serves as the subject that violates a rule.

在室内抽烟违反了公共场所的管理规定。 (Smoking indoors violates the management regulations of public places.)

Structure: Person as Subject: When a person is the subject, the sentence often implies responsibility or legal consequence.

那个司机因为违反交通法规被罚款了。 (That driver was fined for violating traffic laws.)

Negative Forms: To say someone did not violate a rule, use '没有违反' or '不违反'.

他的解释证明他并没有违反纪律。 (His explanation proved that he did not violate discipline.)

这并不违反我们的初衷。 (This does not go against our original intention.)

这种行为严重违反了国际法。 (This behavior seriously violated international law.)

请不要违反实验室的安全守则。 (Please do not violate the laboratory safety code.)

When constructing sentences, always ensure the object is a 'rule' or 'law'. For example, you cannot '违反' a person; you would instead '违反' that person's orders or the agreement you have with them. This precision is key to sounding like a native speaker.

In the modern Chinese-speaking world, 违反 is a high-frequency word in media, law, and formal education. If you watch Chinese news programs like CCTV News (新闻联播), you will frequently hear 违反 in reports about legal cases, international disputes, or government crackdowns on illegal activities. In a corporate environment, during onboarding or HR meetings, you will hear it when discussing the employee handbook.

Public Announcements: Subway stations and airports use this word in automated announcements to warn passengers about prohibited behaviors.

严禁携带易燃易爆物品，违反者将依法处理。 (Carrying flammable and explosive items is strictly prohibited; violators will be dealt with according to the law.)

Legal and Police Contexts: Police officers use it when citing someone for a traffic violation or other minor offenses.

你刚才在禁止调头的地方调头，违反了交通法。 (You just made a U-turn where it is prohibited, violating traffic law.)

School and Discipline: Teachers use it to remind students of the consequences of breaking school rules.

考试作弊是严重违反校规的行为。 (Cheating on an exam is a serious violation of school rules.)

你的行为已经违反了公共道德。 (Your behavior has already violated public morality.)

辩方律师认为被告没有违反任何法律。 (The defense lawyer argued that the defendant did not violate any laws.)

Whether you are reading a contract, listening to the news, or navigating public spaces in China, 违反 is the standard term for non-compliance with the 'written' and 'unwritten' rules of society.

For English speakers, the primary challenge with 违反 is not its meaning, but its specific usage constraints. One of the most frequent mistakes is using 违反 with people as the direct object. In English, we can say 'I violated him' (though this is often used in a specific or slang context), but in Chinese, you cannot say '我违反了他'. You must violate a 'rule' or 'standard'.

Mistake 1: Wrong Object: Incorrect: 他违反了老师。 Correct: 他违反了老师的要求 (He violated the teacher's requirements).

不能说违反人，只能说违反规定。 (You can't say 'violate a person', only 'violate a regulation'.)

Mistake 2: Confusing 违反 with 违背: 违反 is for objective rules (laws, physics); 违背 is for subjective standards (conscience, promises, will).

违背良心 (against conscience) vs 违反法律 (against the law).

Mistake 3: Over-formality: Using 违反 for small, informal things like a friend's request can sound overly dramatic or stiff.

如果你没按朋友说的做，不要用违反。 (If you didn't do what a friend said, don't use 'violate'.)

错误：他违反了我的建议。正确：他没有听从我的建议。 (Error: He violated my suggestion. Correct: He did not follow my suggestion.)

规则被他违反了。 (The rule was violated by him - grammatically correct but slightly clunky.)

By avoiding these pitfalls—specifically the wrong object and the confusion with 'oppose'—your use of 违反 will be much more natural and precise.

Chinese has several words that translate to 'violate' or 'break', but they are not interchangeable. Understanding the nuances between 违反, 违背, 违抗, and 触犯 is essential for advanced proficiency.

违反 (wéifǎn) vs. 违背 (wéibèi): 违反 is for objective rules/laws. 违背 is for subjective promises, conscience, or will. You violate a law (违反法律) but you go against your original intention (违背初衷).

违反规定 (violate regulations) vs 违背诺言 (break a promise).

违反 (wéifǎn) vs. 违抗 (wéikàng): 违抗 specifically means to 'disobey' or 'defy' an order from a superior. It implies a direct confrontation or resistance to authority.

违抗命令 (disobey orders) vs 违反程序 (violate procedures).

违反 (wéifǎn) vs. 触犯 (chùfàn): 触犯 is much stronger and usually refers to 'offending' or 'trespassing' against the law or someone's interests. It often carries the connotation of 'triggering' a legal punishment.

触犯刑法 (violate/offend the criminal law) vs 违反规定 (violate a regulation).

这种做法违反了逻辑。 (This approach violates logic.)

他在比赛中又犯规了。 (He fouled again in the game.)

By choosing the right word from this set, you demonstrate a deep understanding of the context and the level of formality required for the situation.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The character 违 contains the 'walking' radical (辶), which hints at its original meaning of deviating from a physical path before it became an abstract term for breaking rules.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /weɪ fæn/

US /weɪ fæn/

The emphasis is slightly more on the second syllable 'fǎn' due to its third-tone length.

Rhymes With

简单 (jiǎndān) 相反 (xiāngfǎn) 勇敢 (yǒnggǎn) 雨伞 (yǔsǎn) 地毯 (dìtǎn) 饭 (fàn) 慢 (màn) 看 (kàn)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'wéi' as a first tone (flat).
Pronouncing 'fǎn' as a fourth tone (sharp falling).
Confusing the 'v' sound (not in Mandarin) with 'w'.
Mumbling the 'n' ending in 'fǎn'.
Failing to rise enough on the second tone of 'wéi'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Easy to recognize in formal texts once you know the radicals.

Writing 4/5

The character '违' has a tricky stroke order for beginners.

Speaking 3/5

Tones need to be clear to avoid confusion with other 'fan' words.

Listening 3/5

Clearly distinguishable in formal speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

规则法律不对做不

Learn Next

遵守违背处罚法律责任合同

Advanced

触犯亵渎悖逆违戾背道而驰

Grammar to Know

Resultative Complements with 违反

他违反了法律，结果被抓了。

The 'Passive' 被 structure

规则被他违反了。

Adverbial modification

他故意违反了规定。

Topic-Comment structure

这条法律，你千万不能违反。

Conditional sentences

只要你违反规定，你就会被罚。

Examples by Level

不要违反规则。

Don't violate the rules.

A1 students should notice '不要' (don't) + '违反' (violate).

他违反了规定。

He violated the regulation.

Use '了' to show the action happened.

这是违反规则的。

This is against the rules.

Using '...是...的' to describe a situation.

谁违反了法律？

Who violated the law?

Basic question structure.

你没有违反规则。

You did not violate the rules.

Negative form '没有' + '违反'.

违反规则不好。

Violating rules is not good.

Using '违反' as a gerund/subject.

小明违反了校规。

Xiao Ming violated school rules.

Proper noun + 违反 + noun.

请不要违反交通规则。

Please do not violate traffic rules.

Polite request using '请'.

他因为违反交通规则被罚款了。

He was fined for violating traffic rules.

Because (因为) ... was fined (被罚款).

在图书馆大声说话违反规定。

Speaking loudly in the library violates regulations.

Action clause as the subject.

我们不能违反公司的规定。

We cannot violate the company's regulations.

Modal verb '不能' (cannot).

如果你违反合同，你会赔钱。

If you violate the contract, you will lose money.

If (如果) ... then (会).

这种做法违反了我们的协议。

This practice violated our agreement.

Subject (做法) + 违反 + Object (协议).

他违反了安全守则。

He violated the safety code.

Specific noun phrase '安全守则'.

你违反了哪条规定？

Which regulation did you violate?

Question word '哪条' (which one).

我没有违反任何法律。

I did not violate any laws.

Emphasis using '任何' (any).

这种行为严重违反了社会公德。

This behavior seriously violated social ethics.

Adverb '严重' (seriously) modifies '违反'.

他否认自己违反了任何规章制度。

He denied that he violated any rules and regulations.

Complex object clause after '否认'.

违反自然规律会带来严重的后果。

Violating the laws of nature will bring serious consequences.

Abstract subject '违反自然规律'.

这个实验违反了基本的物理定律。

This experiment violated basic laws of physics.

Scientific context usage.

他因为违反纪律被学校开除了。

He was expelled from school for violating discipline.

Passive structure '被...开除'.

任何违反合同的行为都是不允许的。

Any act that violates the contract is not allowed.

Adjective phrase '任何违反合同的行为'.

我们需要检查是否违反了程序。

We need to check if procedures were violated.

Using '是否' (whether).

他的做法明显违反了公平原则。

His approach clearly violated the principle of fairness.

Adverb '明显' (clearly).

该公司因违反环保法规而受到处罚。

The company was penalized for violating environmental regulations.

Structure '因...而...' (because of... then...).

这种言论违反了宪法赋予的权利。

This speech violates the rights granted by the constitution.

Complex noun phrase '宪法赋予的权利'.

我们决不能做出违反原则的事情。

We must never do anything that violates our principles.

Modal phrase '决不能' (must never).

他意识到自己的行为违反了职业道德。

He realized his behavior violated professional ethics.

Verb '意识到' (realized) + clause.

法院判定他违反了保密协议。

The court ruled that he violated the non-disclosure agreement.

Legal term '判定' (ruled).

违反劳动法会损害工人的利益。

Violating labor laws will harm the interests of workers.

Causal relationship sentence.

这种设计违反了人体工程学。

This design violates ergonomics.

Technical terminology.

你是否担心这会违反国际惯例？

Are you worried this might violate international practice?

Interrogative sentence about international norms.

该政策被指责违反了基本人权。

The policy was accused of violating basic human rights.

Passive voice '被指责' (was accused of).

这种逻辑推理显然违反了形式逻辑。

This logical reasoning obviously violates formal logic.

Academic context.

任何违反科学常识的结论都是站不住脚的。

Any conclusion that violates scientific common sense is untenable.

Idiom '站不住脚' (untenable).

他因多次违反保释条例而被重新逮捕。

He was re-arrested for repeatedly violating bail conditions.

Specific legal term '保释条例'.

这种贸易壁垒违反了世界贸易组织的规定。

This trade barrier violates WTO regulations.

International trade context.

该行为被视为违反了公认的道德准则。

The act was seen as a violation of recognized ethical standards.

Structure '被视为' (be regarded as).

违反这些规定可能导致严重的法律诉讼。

Violating these regulations may lead to serious legal litigation.

Formal prediction of consequences.

他试图通过违反常规的方法来解决问题。

He tried to solve the problem by using unconventional methods.

Using '违反常规' as an adjective for '方法'.

该裁决被认为违反了法律的正当程序。

The ruling was considered to have violated the due process of law.

High-level legal terminology '正当程序'.

他的言论在某种程度上违反了某种不成文的契约。

His remarks to some extent violated a kind of unwritten contract.

Abstract concept '不成文的契约'.

这种极端的做法无异于违反了人类文明的底线。

This extreme practice is equivalent to violating the bottom line of human civilization.

Structure '无异于' (is equivalent to).

他因违反了党内纪律而受到了严肃处理。

He was severely dealt with for violating internal party discipline.

Political context phrase '严肃处理'.

该项技术的使用被质疑违反了伦理审查要求。

The use of this technology was questioned for violating ethical review requirements.

Scientific ethics context.

任何违反市场竞争原则的行为都将受到严厉打击。

Any behavior that violates market competition principles will be severely cracked down upon.

Economic policy language.

他的一生都在挑战那些违反人性的陈规陋习。

His whole life was spent challenging those outdated customs that violate human nature.

Literary/biographical context.

该协议的条款被指违反了主权平等原则。

The terms of the agreement were said to violate the principle of sovereign equality.

International relations terminology.

Common Collocations

违反法律

违反规定

违反合同

违反纪律

违反交通规则

违反自然规律

违反初衷

违反逻辑

违反职业道德

违反程序

Common Phrases

违反者

— Violator. Used in signs and legal notices.

违反者将被罚款。

严重违反

— Seriously violate. Used to emphasize the gravity.

他严重违反了校规。

蓄意违反

— Deliberately violate. Used to show intent.

这是在蓄意违反法律。

涉嫌违反

— Suspected of violating. Used in news reporting.

他涉嫌违反了证券法。

并不违反

— Does not violate. Used in defense or clarification.

这并不违反我们的协议。

违反常规

— Go against convention. To do something unconventional.

他的设计违反常规。

违反禁令

— Violate a ban. To do something forbidden.

他因违反禁令被捕。

违反常理

— Go against common sense.

这种想法违反常理。

违反民意

— Go against the will of the people.

这项政策违反了民意。

违反原则

— Violate principles.

我不能做违反原则的事。

Often Confused With

违反 vs 反对

Oppose (opinion) vs. Violate (action).

违反 vs 违背

Moral/Personal vs. Formal/Objective.

违反 vs 侵犯

To infringe on rights/space vs. To break a rule.

Idioms & Expressions

"阳奉阴违"

— Pretend to obey but secretly violate.

他表面上答应，实际上阳奉阴违。

Formal/Critical

"违心之论"

— Statements that go against one's heart/true beliefs.

他说那些话全是违心之论。

Literary

"大逆不道"

— Extremely rebellious/violating the great way.

在古代，这种行为是大逆不道的。

Historical/Strong

"违反天理"

— Violating the laws of heaven/morality.

这种残暴的行为违反天理。

Strong/Moral

"违章建筑"

— Illegal construction (violating regulations).

政府拆除了路边的违章建筑。

Administrative

"违规操作"

— Violating operational procedures.

事故是由于违规操作引起的。

Technical

"违法乱纪"

— Violating law and discipline.

他因为违法乱纪被查办了。

Formal

"违约责任"

— Breach of contract liability.

合同中规定了违约责任。

Legal

"违背良知"

— Going against one's conscience.

他拒绝做任何违背良知的事。

Moral

"违抗军令"

— Disobeying military orders.

在战场上违抗军令是重罪。

Military

Easily Confused

违反 vs 违背

Both mean 'to go against'.

违反 is for rules/laws. 违背 is for promises/conscience.

违反法律 vs 违背诺言

违反 vs 违抗

Both involve not following something.

违抗 is specifically for orders from a person in authority.

违抗军令 (Disobey military orders)

违反 vs 触犯

Both used for laws.

触犯 implies 'hitting' or 'offending' the law, often leading to punishment.

触犯刑法 (Violate criminal law)

违反 vs 反对

Both involve 'against'.

反对 is to be against an idea. 违反 is to break a rule.

我反对这个计划 (I oppose this plan)

违反 vs 侵犯

Both are formal 'violate' words.

侵犯 is used for rights (copyright, privacy) or boundaries.

侵犯隐私 (Violate privacy)

Sentence Patterns

不要 + 违反 + [Object]

不要违反规则。

因为 + 违反 + [Object] + 所以...

因为违反规定，所以他被罚了。

[Action] + 违反了 + [Object]

作弊违反了考试纪律。

任何 + 违反 + [Object] + 的行为

任何违反合同的行为都是不允许的。

[Subject] + 被指控 + 违反了 + [Object]

他被指控违反了保密法。

[Subject] + 无异于 + 违反了 + [Object]

这无异于违反了人伦。

是否 + 违反 + [Object]

我不知道这是否违反了法律。

没有 + 违反 + [Object]

我没有违反任何规定。

Word Family

Nouns

违反者 (violator)

违规 (violation/rule-breaking)

Verbs

违背 (to go against)

违抗 (to disobey)

违约 (to break a contract)

Adjectives

违法的 (illegal)

违规的 (non-compliant)

法律 (law)

规则 (rule)

规定 (regulation)

纪律 (discipline)

合同 (contract)

How to Use It

frequency

Very common in formal writing and news.

Common Mistakes

违反了我的朋友 → 不听我朋友的话
You cannot 'violate' a person with this word.
违反诺言 → 违背诺言
Promises are personal/moral, not legal regulations.
我违反他 → 我反对他
If you mean you are against him, use '反对'.
违反杯子 → 打破杯子
For physical objects, use '打破' or '弄坏'.
违反了建议 → 没有采纳建议
Suggestions are not rules, so you 'don't adopt' them.

Tips

Direct Object

Always follow '违反' with a noun that represents a rule or law. Don't leave it hanging.

Pairing

Memorize '违反法律' as a single unit. It's the most common way to use the word.

Tone Accuracy

The third tone on 'fǎn' is crucial. If you say it as a fourth tone, it sounds like 'fan' (annoyed).

Formal Situations

Use this word in business meetings or when writing formal emails to sound professional.

违反 vs 违背

Remember: Laws = 违反. Heart/Promises = 违背.

HSK Tip

This word often appears in HSK 4 and 5 reading sections. Look for '规定' nearby.

Character Tip

The radical in '违' is the 'walking' radical. Think of someone walking the wrong way.

Social Norms

In China, calling someone's action '违反规定' is a polite but firm way to stop them.

Adverb Use

Add '严重' (yánzhòng) before '违反' to show that the mistake was very big.

V for Violate

Both start with a similar concept. If it's a 'Violation', use '违反'.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Way' (wéi) and 'Fan'. You went the wrong 'Way' and the 'Fan' of justice is blowing you back because you violated a rule!

Visual Association

Imagine a referee blowing a whistle (违反) at a player who is running the wrong way (违) and holding a fan (反).

Word Web

法律规则合同纪律违反被罚警察法院

Challenge

Try to write a sentence using 违反 about a traffic rule you know, then translate it into English.

Word Origin

The word consists of two characters: 违 (wéi) and 反 (fǎn). 违 originally depicted a person's feet walking away from a path or standard. 反 originally depicted a hand turning something over, suggesting opposition or being contrary.

Original meaning: To go against a path or to turn against a standard.

Sino-Tibetan

Cultural Context

Avoid using 违反 to describe personal preferences or religious beliefs unless referring to a formal religious law, as it can sound overly clinical or accusatory.

English speakers often use 'break' for everything (break a law, break a heart, break a glass). In Chinese, you must distinguish between physical breaking and 违反.

The phrase '任何人都不能违反法律' is a cornerstone of the 'Rule of Law' (依法治国) policy in modern China. In the movie 'The Wandering Earth', the AI often cites protocols that cannot be 违反. Legal dramas like 'The Best Partner' (精英律师) frequently use 违反 in contract disputes.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Traffic

违反交通规则
闯红灯
超速
罚款

School

违反校规
作弊
旷课
处分

Business

违反合同
违约金
泄密
解雇

Legal

违反法律
犯罪
起诉
判决

Science

违反自然规律
逻辑错误
实验失败
常识

Conversation Starters

"你觉得在学校里，最容易被违反的规则是什么？"

"如果你违反了交通规则，你会怎么做？"

"你曾经因为违反规定被父母惩罚过吗？"

"在你的国家，违反合同会有什么后果？"

"你认为有些法律是可以被违反的吗？为什么？"

Journal Prompts

写一段话描述一次你（或别人）违反规则的经历，以及后来的结果。

讨论一下为什么人们有时会明知故犯地违反法律。

如果你是一家公司的老板，你会如何处理违反公司纪律的员工？

描述一个违反了自然规律的科幻电影情节。

你认为违反社会公德的行为应该受到法律处罚吗？

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, you cannot violate a person in Chinese with this word. You must violate a person's orders (违反命令) or a rule (违反规定).

No, it can be for any formal rules, including school rules, company regulations, and even scientific laws like gravity.

犯规 is usually for sports (a foul) or minor games. 违反 is for formal laws and regulations.

Use '违背诺言' (wéibèi nuòyán). '违反' would sound strange here because a promise is personal, not a legal regulation.

It is primarily a verb. However, in phrases like '违反行为', it acts as an adjective modifying 'behavior'.

No, for a broken heart, use '伤心' (sad) or '心碎' (heartbroken). 违反 is only for rules.

The most common opposite is 遵守 (zūnshǒu), which means to follow or abide by rules.

Yes, but mostly when talking about serious things like traffic tickets or work policies.

It means 'against nature' or 'unnatural'. It's used for things that don't follow biological or physical laws.

Yes, '违反逻辑' (violating logic) is a common academic phrase to describe a flawed argument.