indústria 30 सेकंड में
- Indústria refers to the manufacturing sector and large-scale production of goods.
- It is a feminine noun in Portuguese: 'a indústria', plural 'as indústrias'.
- It can describe specific sectors like the 'food industry' or 'creative industry'.
- Commonly confused with 'fábrica' (the building) and used in economic contexts.
The word indústria in Portuguese is a multifaceted noun that primarily refers to the systematic production of goods or services within an economy. At its core, it describes the transformation of raw materials into finished products through labor, machinery, and chemical processing. However, its meaning extends far beyond just smoke-stacks and assembly lines. In a modern context, indústria encompasses various sectors including technology, entertainment, and tourism.
- Primary Meaning
- The manufacturing sector of an economy (e.g., the car industry).
- Secondary Meaning
- A specific branch of economic activity (e.g., the tourism industry).
- Abstract Meaning
- Human ingenuity or diligence in labor (though less common in modern daily speech).
"A indústria automobilística brasileira cresceu muito este ano."
When we talk about the Industrial Revolution (Revolução Industrial), we are referring to the historical pivot point where manual labor was replaced by mechanical production. In Portuguese, this term carries the weight of progress and modernization. It is often categorized into indústria pesada (heavy industry like steel) and indústria leve (light industry like textiles or food processing).
"Precisamos investir em indústria de base para fortalecer a economia."
In the 21st century, the term has evolved to include the indústria criativa (creative industry) and indústria 4.0, which involves high-tech automation and data exchange. Understanding this word requires recognizing that it is the backbone of urban development in Lusophone countries like Brazil and Portugal. It is not just about making things; it is about the organized effort of a society to produce value.
"A indústria farmacêutica está desenvolvendo novas vacinas."
- Indústria de Ponta
- High-tech industry using the latest technology.
- Indústria Têxtil
- The sector involved in making cloth and clothing.
"O governo deu subsídios para a indústria nacional."
Finally, the word can sometimes be used to describe a set of activities that seem overly commercialized, such as a indústria da multa (the 'fine industry'), a cynical term used when people feel the government is issuing traffic fines just to make money rather than for safety.
"Muitos criticam a indústria do entretenimento pela falta de originalidade."
Using the word indústria correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender and its common collocations. It is a feminine noun (a indústria), and its plural form is as indústrias. When you are describing a specific type of industry, the adjective usually follows the noun and must agree in gender and number.
- Gender Agreement
- Always use feminine articles: A indústria, uma indústria.
- Adjective Placement
- Indústria brasileira, indústrias modernas.
"As indústrias locais precisam de mais apoio governamental."
In professional settings, you will often use verbs like fomentar (to promote/encourage), alavancar (to leverage/boost), or regulamentar (to regulate) in conjunction with indústria. For example, a politician might say they want to 'fomentar a indústria nacional'.
When talking about locations, we use the preposition na (em + a). "Eu trabalho na indústria de alimentos." If you are talking about the movement of goods, you might say "da indústria para o consumidor" (from the industry to the consumer).
"Houve um declínio na indústria de mineração no último trimestre."
Another common usage is in the plural when referring to the collective manufacturing power of a region: "As indústrias do ABC paulista" (The industries of the ABC region in São Paulo). In academic writing, you will see it paired with 'setor': "O setor da indústria de transformação" (The manufacturing industry sector).
"A indústria têxtil é uma das maiores empregadoras do país."
- Indústria de Transformação
- Manufacturing (changing raw materials into products).
- Indústria Extrativa
- Extractive industry (mining, oil extraction).
It is also important to note the pronunciation. The stress is on the 'dús' syllable (in-DÚS-tri-a). Failing to emphasize the 'ú' can make the word sound like 'industria' (a verb form of 'industriar', which is very rare), so the accent mark is vital for both spelling and speech.
"A indústria naval portuguesa tem uma longa história."
You will encounter the word indústria in several distinct environments. The most common is in news broadcasts and financial reports. When the news anchor discusses the GDP (PIB - Produto Interno Bruto), they will inevitably mention how the 'indústria' performed compared to 'agropecuária' (farming) and 'serviços' (services).
"O telejornal informou que a indústria cresceu 2% este mês."
In an educational setting, particularly in history and geography classes, the word is ubiquitous. Students learn about the 'Revolução Industrial' and the 'processo de industrialização' of different countries. If you are a student in Brazil or Portugal, you will see this word in almost every textbook regarding the 19th and 20th centuries.
In the corporate world, 'indústria' is used to define the market a company operates in. During a job interview, you might be asked: "Você tem experiência na nossa indústria?" (Do you have experience in our industry?). Here, it functions exactly like the English word 'industry' to mean 'sector'.
"Trabalho na indústria de tecnologia há dez anos."
- Jornalismo Econômico
- Reports on production indices and industrial health.
- Documentários
- Shows about how things are made (e.g., 'O Mundo da Indústria').
You will also hear it in political debates. Politicians often talk about 'proteger a indústria nacional' (protecting national industry) from foreign competition. This is a hot topic in Brazil, where industrial policy is a major part of government platforms. Furthermore, in environmental discussions, 'indústria' is often mentioned in the context of pollution and sustainability: "A indústria precisa reduzir a emissão de carbono."
"A indústria da moda é uma das mais poluentes do mundo."
Lastly, in the arts and entertainment, it refers to the business side of creativity. Phrases like 'a indústria do cinema' or 'a indústria fonográfica' (the record industry) are standard. Even in sports, one might hear about the 'indústria do futebol', referring to the massive amounts of money and production involved in the sport today.
"A indústria de games fatura bilhões anualmente."
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing indústria with fábrica. While they are related, they are not interchangeable. Fábrica refers to the physical plant or building where things are made. Indústria refers to the economic sector or the process. You can say "Eu trabalho em uma fábrica," but if you say "Eu trabalho em uma indústria," it sounds more like you are referring to the corporate/sector level rather than the specific building.
- Indústria vs. Fábrica
- Sector/Process vs. Physical Building.
- Indústria vs. Comércio
- Production vs. Selling/Trading.
"Errado: A indústria de sapatos fica na rua 10. (Unless the whole sector is there!)"
Another mistake is related to gender. Because it ends in '-ia', it is feminine, but some learners mistakenly treat it as masculine because 'setor' (sector) is masculine. Always remember: A indústria. Saying 'o indústria' is a clear marker of a beginner level. Similarly, the plural is 'as indústrias', not 'os indústrias'.
English speakers often use 'industry' to mean 'hard work' or 'diligence' (e.g., "His industry was rewarded"). In Portuguese, while the word indústria technically has this meaning in older or very formal texts, it is almost never used this way in modern speech. To express hard work, use dedicação, empenho, or esforço.
"Correto: Ele foi recompensado pelo seu esforço (not indústria)."
There is also the 'false friend' trap with engenho. In some contexts, especially historical ones in Brazil (like sugar mills), 'engenho' is used. Don't call a modern car factory an 'engenho'. Use 'fábrica' or 'unidade industrial'.
"A indústria açucareira evoluiu dos antigos engenhos."
- Pronunciation Error
- Saying 'in-dus-TRI-a' instead of 'in-DÚS-tri-a'.
- Translation Error
- Using 'indústria' for 'business' in general. Use 'negócio' or 'ramo'.
To enrich your vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that are synonyms or closely related to indústria. The most direct synonym when referring to the physical location of production is fábrica. However, as noted before, 'fábrica' is more specific. Another common term is manufatura, which specifically refers to the process of making things, often implying a more manual or traditional process, though it is also used in 'indústria de transformação'.
- Setor
- A broader term for a part of the economy (e.g., setor industrial).
- Produção
- The act of producing; often used to describe the output of an industry.
"A produção industrial caiu no mês passado."
When talking about large-scale industrial plants, especially in energy or chemicals, you might hear usina. For example, 'usina hidrelétrica' (hydroelectric plant) or 'usina de açúcar' (sugar mill). In the context of heavy machinery and metal, siderúrgica (steelworks) or metalúrgica (metalworking plant) are specific types of industries.
In a more abstract sense, when referring to a 'field' or 'line of work', you can use ramo. "Ele trabalha no ramo da construção civil." This is often more natural than saying 'indústria da construção' in casual conversation. Another related term is comércio, which is the opposite of industry—it's about selling what the industry makes.
"O ramo hoteleiro faz parte da indústria do turismo."
For the people involved, we have industrial (a person who owns or manages an industry) and operário (a factory worker). In modern times, colaborador is often used in corporate speak to refer to any employee within the industry.
- Empresa
- Company; a more general term for any business entity.
- Corporação
- Corporation; usually implies a very large, often multinational, industry.
"A manufatura aditiva é o futuro da indústria."
How Formal Is It?
कठिनाई स्तर
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
Gender of nouns ending in -ia
Adjective agreement
Prepositional contractions (em+a=na)
Pluralization of nouns
Stress and accentuation (proparoxítonas)
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
A indústria é muito grande.
The industry is very big.
Feminine noun 'a indústria'.
Eu vejo a indústria daqui.
I see the industry from here.
Direct object 'a indústria'.
A indústria faz carros.
The industry makes cars.
Simple present tense 'faz'.
Onde fica a indústria?
Where is the industry located?
Question with 'onde'.
A indústria tem muitos trabalhadores.
The industry has many workers.
Plural noun 'trabalhadores'.
Esta é uma indústria de pão.
This is a bread industry.
Indefinite article 'uma'.
A indústria fecha no domingo.
The industry closes on Sunday.
Preposition 'no' (em + o).
Gosto da indústria moderna.
I like modern industry.
Contraction 'da' (de + a).
A indústria têxtil produz roupas.
The textile industry produces clothes.
Adjective 'têxtil' modifying 'indústria'.
Muitas pessoas trabalham na indústria.
Many people work in the industry.
Preposition 'na' (em + a).
A indústria de alimentos é importante.
The food industry is important.
Compound noun phrase.
O Brasil tem uma forte indústria.
Brazil has a strong industry.
Adjective 'forte' before the noun.
A indústria polui o rio?
Does the industry pollute the river?
Interrogative sentence.
As indústrias cresceram este ano.
The industries grew this year.
Plural form 'as indústrias'.
Ele quer trabalhar na indústria química.
He wants to work in the chemical industry.
Verb 'querer' + infinitive.
A indústria usa máquinas novas.
The industry uses new machines.
Adjective 'novas' agreeing with 'máquinas'.
A Revolução Industrial mudou o mundo.
The Industrial Revolution changed the world.
Historical term.
A indústria do turismo gera muitos empregos.
The tourism industry generates many jobs.
Abstract use of 'indústria'.
Precisamos de uma indústria mais sustentável.
We need a more sustainable industry.
Comparative 'mais sustentável'.
O governo apoia a indústria nacional.
The government supports the national industry.
Direct object with 'apoia'.
A produção da indústria caiu no inverno.
Industrial production fell in the winter.
Noun 'produção' followed by 'da indústria'.
As indústrias locais exportam para a Europa.
Local industries export to Europe.
Verb 'exportar' + preposition 'para'.
A tecnologia transformou a indústria moderna.
Technology transformed modern industry.
Past tense 'transformou'.
Ela estuda o impacto da indústria na cidade.
She studies the impact of industry on the city.
Prepositional phrase 'na cidade'.
A indústria de base é essencial para o país.
Heavy industry is essential for the country.
Specific term 'indústria de base'.
O setor da indústria automobilística está em crise.
The automobile industry sector is in crisis.
Use of 'setor' with 'indústria'.
A automação na indústria reduz custos.
Automation in industry reduces costs.
Abstract noun 'automação'.
A indústria farmacêutica investe em pesquisa.
The pharmaceutical industry invests in research.
Verb 'investir' + preposition 'em'.
Houve um avanço na indústria de ponta.
There was an advance in high-tech industry.
Term 'indústria de ponta'.
A indústria criativa inclui o cinema e a música.
The creative industry includes cinema and music.
Modern economic term.
A federação das indústrias protestou contra o imposto.
The federation of industries protested against the tax.
Collective noun 'federação'.
A indústria de transformação é o motor da economia.
The manufacturing industry is the engine of the economy.
Metaphorical use of 'motor'.
A desindustrialização é um fenômeno preocupante.
Deindustrialization is a worrying phenomenon.
Complex noun 'desindustrialização'.
A Indústria 4.0 integra a internet das coisas.
Industry 4.0 integrates the Internet of Things.
Technical term.
A indústria da moda enfrenta críticas éticas.
The fashion industry faces ethical criticisms.
Abstract and critical context.
O lobby da indústria petrolífera é muito forte.
The oil industry lobby is very strong.
Political term 'lobby'.
A propriedade industrial protege as patentes.
Industrial property protects patents.
Legal term.
A indústria do entretenimento molda a cultura.
The entertainment industry shapes culture.
Sociological context.
A competitividade da indústria depende da inovação.
Industrial competitiveness depends on innovation.
Abstract noun 'competitividade'.
A indústria extrativa tem alto impacto ambiental.
The extractive industry has a high environmental impact.
Specific economic term.
A hegemonia da indústria pesada declinou no século XXI.
The hegemony of heavy industry declined in the 21st century.
Sophisticated noun 'hegemonia'.
Critica-se a indústria da multa como meio de arrecadação.
The 'fine industry' is criticized as a means of revenue collection.
Passive voice with 'se'.
A simbiose entre academia e indústria é vital.
The symbiosis between academia and industry is vital.
Scientific metaphor 'simbiose'.
A indústria bélica impulsiona avanços tecnológicos.
The arms industry drives technological advances.
Specific term 'indústria bélica'.
O paradigma da indústria de massa está sendo superado.
The paradigm of mass industry is being overcome.
Philosophical term 'paradigma'.
A indústria fonográfica reinventou-se com o streaming.
The record industry reinvented itself with streaming.
Reflexive verb 'reinventou-se'.
A obsolescência programada é um pilar da indústria moderna.
Planned obsolescence is a pillar of modern industry.
Complex economic concept.
A indústria do medo é explorada por certos políticos.
The 'industry of fear' is exploited by certain politicians.
Metaphorical/Cynical use.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
Used cynically in 'indústria da multa'.
Always capitalized in 'Revolução Industrial'.
- Saying 'o indústria' instead of 'a indústria'.
- Forgetting the accent on the 'ú'.
- Using 'indústria' when you mean a specific building (use 'fábrica').
- Mispronouncing the stress on the last syllable.
- Using it to mean 'diligence' like in old English.
सुझाव
Gender Check
Always pair it with feminine articles like 'a' or 'uma'.
Stress the Ú
The stress is on the second syllable: in-DÚS-tri-a.
Sector vs. Building
Use 'fábrica' for the place, 'indústria' for the business type.
Accent Mark
Always include the acute accent on the 'ú' in writing.
Economic News
Look for this word in the 'Economia' section of newspapers.
FIESP
In Brazil, this acronym is synonymous with industrial power.
Job Interviews
Use 'indústria' to describe the sector you worked in previously.
History Class
Remember 'Revolução Industrial' for any history discussion.
Sustainability
Discuss 'indústria verde' (green industry) for eco-topics.
Cynical Use
Use 'indústria de...' to criticize something overly commercial.
याद करें
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
Latin
सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
The 'ABC Paulista' is the historic heart of the Brazilian auto industry.
Famous for the 'indústria da cortiça' (cork industry), being the world's top producer.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"O que você acha da indústria nacional?"
"Você trabalha em alguma indústria específica?"
"Como a Revolução Industrial afetou sua cidade?"
"Qual indústria você acha que mais polui?"
"Você acredita que a indústria criativa é o futuro?"
डायरी विषय
Descreva como a indústria mudou a vida das pessoas no último século.
Se você pudesse criar uma indústria, o que ela produziria?
Reflita sobre o impacto ambiental da indústria moderna.
Escreva sobre a importância da indústria para a economia do seu país.
Como você imagina a indústria daqui a 50 anos?
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवालIt is feminine: 'a indústria'.
Indústria is the sector or process; fábrica is the physical building.
No, that is an archaic or English-specific meaning. Use 'esforço' or 'dedicação'.
Indústria automobilística.
Yes, it indicates the stressed syllable and is required for correct spelling.
Yes, 'indústria da música' or 'indústria fonográfica' are common.
It refers to heavy industry that produces materials for other industries, like steel.
It refers to the fourth industrial revolution, focusing on automation and data.
Indústrias.
A cynical term for excessive traffic fines used as a revenue source.
खुद को परखो 180 सवाल
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'indústria' is essential for discussing the economy, history, and professional sectors. While it often implies factories and machines, it also covers abstract business areas like tourism or entertainment.
- Indústria refers to the manufacturing sector and large-scale production of goods.
- It is a feminine noun in Portuguese: 'a indústria', plural 'as indústrias'.
- It can describe specific sectors like the 'food industry' or 'creative industry'.
- Commonly confused with 'fábrica' (the building) and used in economic contexts.
Gender Check
Always pair it with feminine articles like 'a' or 'uma'.
Stress the Ú
The stress is on the second syllable: in-DÚS-tri-a.
Sector vs. Building
Use 'fábrica' for the place, 'indústria' for the business type.
Accent Mark
Always include the acute accent on the 'ú' in writing.
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
संबंधित ग्रामर रूल्स
work के और शब्द
a curto prazo
A2अल्पकालिक। हमें अल्पकालिक समाधान की आवश्यकता है।
à exceção de
B1With the exception of; apart from.
a longo prazo
A2Over a long period of time; long-term.
a não ser que
A2इसका अर्थ है 'जब तक कि' या 'सिवाय इसके कि' ।
a partir de
A2से; शुरू करते हुए। 'कल से मैं पढ़ाई शुरू करूँगा।' 'कीमतें दस यूरो से शुरू होती हैं।'
a prazo
A2For a period of time; on credit or payment terms.
a tempo inteiro
B1Full-time; working the full number of hours considered normal for a job.
a tempo parcial
B1अंशकालिक काम उन लोगों के लिए अच्छा है जो पढ़ाई कर रहे हैं।
abdicar
A2To give up, to abdicate; to renounce or relinquish a throne, right, power, or claim.
acessível
B1सुलभ, किफायती। जिस तक पहुंचना, समझना या भुगतान करना आसान हो।
