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A2 adjective #2,000 सबसे आम 7 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

亲密

qīnmì
At the A1 level, you can think of 亲密 (qīnmì) as a very strong version of 'good friend' (好朋友). It describes people who are very, very close. For example, if you have a best friend you talk to every day, you can say you have a 亲密的关系 (qīnmì de guānxì). You use it like an adjective before a person. 'He is my 亲密 friend.' In Chinese, we say '亲密的朋友'. It is a positive word used for family and best friends. It helps you talk about the people you love the most in a simple way. Remember: 亲 (qīn) is like 'family' and 密 (mì) is like 'secret' or 'tight.' So, it's a 'tight family-like' bond.
At the A2 level, you should start using 亲密 to describe relationships more specifically. You can use it with the word 关系 (guānxì - relationship). For example, '我们的关系很亲密' (Our relationship is very close). You will also see it in phrases like '亲密伙伴' (close partner). At this level, you are learning to describe the quality of your friendships. 亲密 is better than just '好' (good) because it shows a deeper connection. You might use it when talking about your childhood friends or your parents. It's an important word for describing your social circle in more detail than just 'friend' or 'family.'
At the B1 level, you can distinguish 亲密 from other similar words like 亲近 (qīnjìn) or 友好 (yǒuhǎo). 亲密 implies a deep, private bond. You will encounter it in more formal contexts, such as describing the relationship between two countries or two companies that work very closely together. You should also be able to use the structure '变得亲密' (become close) to describe how a relationship changes over time. For example, '经过这次旅行，我们的关系变得更加亲密了' (After this trip, our relationship became even closer). You are moving beyond simple descriptions to explaining the dynamics of human interaction.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 亲密 in abstract and professional contexts. You will see it in news reports about '亲密伙伴关系' (Close Partnership) between nations. You should also understand its use in psychological contexts, such as '亲密关系' (Intimate Relationships), which is the standard term for romantic or deep personal bonds in academic or self-help discussions. You can use it to discuss the nuances of trust and vulnerability. For instance, you might discuss how '亲密' is essential for a healthy marriage. You should also be able to use the idiom '亲密无间' (qīnmì wújiàn) to add flavor to your writing and speaking.
At the C1 level, you are expected to understand the subtle connotations of 亲密 in literature and high-level discourse. You can analyze how 亲密 differs from 亲热 (physical affection) and 密切 (functional closeness). You might use 亲密 to describe the relationship between an author and their readers, or the '亲密性' (intimacy) of a particular piece of music or art. You should be able to use it to describe complex social dynamics, such as the tension that can arise within a 亲密 relationship. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's ability to convey both warmth and the weight of mutual obligation in Chinese culture.
At the C2 level, your mastery of 亲密 allows you to use it with poetic precision. You understand its historical roots and how it reflects traditional Chinese values of kinship and 'Guanxi.' You can use it in philosophical debates about the nature of human connection or in high-stakes diplomatic writing where the choice between '亲密' and '密切' can signal a significant shift in policy. You are aware of its use in classical-style modern prose and can deploy it to evoke specific emotional atmospheres. You can also critique its use in media, recognizing when it is used to manufacture a sense of closeness that may not exist, such as in corporate branding or political propaganda.
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

亲密 30 सेकंड में

  • 亲密 (qīnmì) is an adjective meaning 'intimate' or 'very close,' primarily used for deep emotional bonds between people.
  • It is composed of '亲' (close/kin) and '密' (dense/tight), suggesting a bond that has no gaps or distance.
  • Commonly used in phrases like '亲密朋友' (close friend) and '亲密关系' (intimate relationship) across all social levels.
  • While it can describe romantic partners, it is equally common for family and best friends, emphasizing trust and shared history.

The term 亲密 (qīnmì) is a cornerstone adjective in the Chinese language used to describe the highest degree of closeness between individuals. At its core, it combines 亲 (qīn), meaning 'related' or 'close,' with 密 (mì), meaning 'dense' or 'tight.' Together, they form a word that transcends mere friendship, pointing toward a bond that is thick, unbreakable, and deeply personal. In the context of Chinese social structures, 亲密 represents the inner circle of one's social network, where trust is absolute and boundaries are minimal.

Etymological Root
The character 亲 depicts a person standing by a tree, looking out—originally suggesting looking after one's kin. 密 suggests a house with a mountain inside, implying something hidden or tightly packed. Thus, 亲密 is the 'tightness' found within the 'kinship' circle.
Emotional Depth
Unlike 'friendly' (友好), 亲密 implies a shared history and emotional vulnerability. It is often used for best friends, long-term partners, or siblings who share everything.

“他们俩从小一起长大，关系非常亲密。” (The two of them grew up together; their relationship is extremely intimate.)

In modern usage, 亲密 is frequently paired with 关系 (guānxì - relationship) or 战友 (zhànyǒu - comrade-in-arms). It describes a state where two entities are so aligned that there is 'no gap' (无间) between them. This is why you often see the phrase '亲密无间' (qīnmì wújiàn), an idiom meaning 'so close there is no room for a wedge.' This level of intimacy is highly valued in Collectivist cultures like China, where the strength of one's inner circle defines their social stability and support system.

“这种亲密的合作让项目进展得非常顺利。” (This close cooperation allowed the project to progress very smoothly.)

Beyond personal relationships, the word has migrated into the professional and political spheres. You might hear about 亲密伙伴 (qīnmì huǒbàn - close partners) in business or diplomacy. Here, it signifies a strategic alignment where both parties share common goals and high levels of mutual trust. It suggests a partnership that goes beyond a simple contract, implying a level of coordination that is seamless and highly effective.

Social Nuance
In Chinese culture, 'mianzi' (face) is often set aside in 亲密 relationships. One can be more direct, honest, and even critical within this circle because the foundation of the relationship is secure.

Using 亲密 correctly requires understanding its placement in a sentence and the specific nouns it naturally modifies. As an adjective, its most common role is as an attributive (before a noun) or a predicative (after a linking verb like '是' or '变得').

Attributive Use
Place it before the noun: 亲密的朋友 (close friend), 亲密的关系 (intimate relationship). This is the most standard way to define the nature of a bond.
Predicative Use
Use it after a subject: 我们的关系很亲密 (Our relationship is very close). Note the use of '很' (hěn) to satisfy the rhythmic requirements of Chinese adjectives.

“他们保持着亲密的联系。” (They maintain close contact.)

When describing the intensity of the closeness, you can use degree modifiers like 非常 (fēicháng - extremely), 十分 (shífēn - fully), or the aforementioned 很. For a more literary or emphatic tone, the four-character idiom 亲密无间 is used to describe a bond so tight that nothing can come between the two people. This is often used in literature or formal speeches to praise a partnership.

In terms of register, 亲密 is versatile. It is formal enough for a wedding speech or a diplomatic announcement, yet common enough for a casual conversation about one's best friend. However, in very casual slang, young people might use '铁' (tiě - iron) to describe a close male friendship (e.g., 他是我铁哥们), but 亲密 remains the standard, elegant term for all contexts.

Collocation with Verbs
Common verbs that precede 亲密 include 建立 (jiànlì - to establish), 保持 (bǎochí - to maintain), and 发展 (fāzhǎn - to develop).

“通过这次旅行，母女的关系变得更加亲密了。” (Through this trip, the mother-daughter relationship became even closer.)

You will encounter 亲密 in a variety of real-world scenarios, ranging from personal anecdotes to media reports. Understanding these contexts helps in grasping the word's emotional weight.

In Family Settings
Parents often use it to describe the bond between siblings or the relationship they hope to have with their children. It implies a home filled with trust and shared secrets.
In Romantic Contexts
While '爱' (love) is the primary word, 亲密 describes the quality of that love. A '亲密爱人' (intimate lover) is a common phrase in songs and poetry, emphasizing the soul-mate aspect of the relationship.

“在婚礼上，新郎称新娘是他最亲密的伴侣。” (At the wedding, the groom called the bride his closest partner.)

In the news and professional world, 亲密 is used to describe '亲密伙伴关系' (Close Partnership). This is a specific diplomatic term used by the Chinese government to describe high-level bilateral relations with other countries. When you hear this on CCTV or read it in the People's Daily, it signifies a high level of strategic trust and cooperation.

Social media also sees frequent use of 亲密. On platforms like WeChat or Xiaohongshu, users might post photos with their '亲密战友' (close comrades/colleagues) or '亲密好友' (close friends) to celebrate a shared achievement or a night out. It adds a touch of warmth and sincerity to the post.

“我们要和客户建立亲密的信任关系。” (We need to build a close relationship of trust with our clients.)

While 亲密 is a versatile word, learners often trip over its nuances and boundaries. Here are the most frequent errors to avoid.

Confusing 亲密 with 亲切 (qīnqiè)
亲切 means 'kind' or 'cordial.' You would describe a teacher as 亲切 because they are nice to you, but you wouldn't say they are 亲密 unless you are actually very close personal friends. 亲密 is about the bond, 亲切 is about the manner.
Overusing it for Casual Acquaintances
If you just met someone and get along well, use 友好 (friendly) or 亲近 (close). Calling a new acquaintance 亲密 can sound overly intense or even suspicious in Chinese culture, as it implies a level of shared history that doesn't exist yet.

“错误：我和那个刚认识的同事很亲密。 (Incorrect: I am very 'intimate' with that colleague I just met.)”

Another common mistake is using 亲密 to describe physical proximity in a literal sense (like 'the cars are close together'). For physical distance, use 接近 (jiējìn) or 靠近 (kàojìn). 亲密 is almost exclusively reserved for emotional or relational closeness.

“不要把亲密和‘亲热’(qīnrè)混淆。亲热 usually refers to physical affection or being 'lovey-dovey' in public.”

To truly master 亲密, you must see how it sits alongside its linguistic neighbors. Each of these words shares a 'closeness' theme but carries a different flavor.

亲近 (qīnjìn)
Focuses on the feeling of being near or the desire to be near. You can '亲近自然' (get close to nature), but you wouldn't say '亲密自然'. 亲近 is often an action or a feeling of approachability.
亲热 (qīnrè)
This word has a 'warmth' (热) component. It describes being affectionate, often physically. If a couple is hugging and kissing in public, they are being 亲热. 亲密 is the deep bond; 亲热 is the outward display of it.

“虽然他们不常表现得亲热，但他们的感情非常亲密。” (Although they don't often act affectionately in public, their emotional bond is very intimate.)

Other related terms include 密切 (mìqiè), which is often used for 'close attention' (密切关注) or 'close coordination' in a professional sense. While 亲密 is personal and emotional, 密切 is more objective and functional. For example, two departments might have 密切的合作 (close cooperation), but two friends have a 亲密的关系 (intimate relationship).

“这对好朋友有着亲密无间的情谊。” (These two good friends have a friendship that is so close there is no gap.)

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

""

अनौपचारिक

""

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

他是我的亲密朋友。

He is my close friend.

亲密 modifies the noun 朋友.

2

我们的关系很亲密。

Our relationship is very close.

Used as a predicate with 很.

3

我和妈妈很亲密。

I am very close with my mom.

Describes a family bond.

4

他们是亲密的一家人。

They are a close-knit family.

Modifies the noun phrase 一家人.

5

我有几个亲密的好友。

I have a few close best friends.

亲密 and 好友 can be used together.

6

小猫和小狗很亲密。

The cat and dog are very close.

Can be used for animals.

7

他们说话很亲密。

They talk very intimately.

Describes the manner of talking.

8

我们是亲密的伙伴。

We are close partners.

伙伴 means partner or buddy.

1

他们保持着亲密的联系。

They maintain close contact.

保持...联系 is a common collocation.

2

这次旅行让我们更亲密了。

This trip made us closer.

Use of '更' for comparison.

3

她是我最亲密的战友。

She is my closest comrade.

战友 implies shared struggle.

4

他们从小就是亲密的玩伴。

They have been close playmates since childhood.

从小...就是 is a time structure.

5

这种亲密的关系很难得。

This kind of close relationship is rare.

难得 means rare or precious.

6

我们建立了一段亲密的友谊。

We established a close friendship.

建立...友谊 is a standard phrase.

7

他不喜欢在外面表现得太亲密。

He doesn't like to act too intimate in public.

表现得... refers to outward behavior.

8

他们是亲密的合作伙伴。

They are close business partners.

Used in a professional context.

1

亲密的关系需要双方共同努力。

An intimate relationship requires effort from both sides.

共同努力 means 'joint effort'.

2

他们两人的感情非常亲密无间。

The bond between the two of them is extremely close.

Uses the idiom 亲密无间.

3

在亲密关系中，信任是最重要的。

In an intimate relationship, trust is the most important thing.

亲密关系 is a set term.

4

由于长期的合作，两家公司变得很亲密。

Due to long-term cooperation, the two companies became very close.

由于... indicates cause.

5

他很难与别人建立亲密的关系。

He finds it hard to establish close relationships with others.

与...建立关系 means 'establish a relationship with...'

6

这本书探讨了母子之间的亲密感。

This book explores the sense of intimacy between mother and son.

亲密感 means 'sense of intimacy'.

7

他们虽然吵架，但依然很亲密。

Although they argue, they are still very close.

虽然...但... structure.

8

亲密的接触有助于缓解压力。

Close contact helps to relieve stress.

有助于 means 'is helpful for'.

1

两国领导人进行了亲密的交谈。

The leaders of the two countries had an intimate conversation.

Formal diplomatic usage.

2

这种亲密感源于多年的互相扶持。

This sense of intimacy stems from years of mutual support.

源于 means 'stems from'.

3

在现代社会，保持亲密关系变得越来越难。

In modern society, maintaining intimate relationships is becoming harder.

越来越... indicates a trend.

4

他们是政治上的亲密盟友。

They are close political allies.

盟友 means 'ally'.

5

亲密并不意味着没有个人空间。

Intimacy does not mean having no personal space.

意味着 means 'to mean/signify'.

6

他用亲密的语气跟我说话。

He spoke to me in an intimate tone.

语气 means 'tone of voice'.

7

这种亲密的氛围让大家感到很放松。

This intimate atmosphere made everyone feel very relaxed.

氛围 means 'atmosphere'.

8

他们之间有着一种难以言说的亲密。

There is an unspeakable intimacy between them.

难以言说 means 'hard to describe'.

1

文学作品往往能揭示人与人之间最亲密的联系。

Literary works often reveal the most intimate connections between people.

揭示 means 'to reveal'.

2

这种亲密无间的配合是赢得比赛的关键。

This seamless cooperation was the key to winning the game.

配合 means 'coordination/teamwork'.

3

他试图打破那种令人窒息的亲密感。

He tried to break that suffocating sense of intimacy.

令人窒息 means 'suffocating'.

4

亲密关系的建立往往伴随着风险。

The establishment of intimate relationships is often accompanied by risk.

伴随着 means 'is accompanied by'.

5

这种亲密的互动增强了社区的凝聚力。

This intimate interaction strengthened the community's cohesion.

凝聚力 means 'cohesion'.

6

在艺术创作中，亲密性是一种强大的力量。

In artistic creation, intimacy is a powerful force.

亲密性 is the noun form 'intimacy'.

7

他们之间的亲密程度超出了普通朋友的范畴。

The level of intimacy between them exceeds the scope of ordinary friends.

范畴 means 'category/scope'.

8

这种亲密的纽带将几代人联系在一起。

This intimate bond links several generations together.

纽带 means 'bond/link'.

1

这种亲密关系的解体对双方都是沉重的打击。

The dissolution of this intimate relationship was a heavy blow to both parties.

解体 means 'dissolution/disintegration'.

2

他以一种极其亲密而又克制的方式表达了爱意。

He expressed his love in an extremely intimate yet restrained manner.

克制 means 'restrained'.

3

这种亲密感并非一蹴而就，而是岁月沉淀的结果。

This sense of intimacy was not achieved overnight, but was the result of the accumulation of years.

一蹴而就 means 'to succeed in one step'.

4

在权力的中心，真正的亲密往往是奢侈品。

At the center of power, true intimacy is often a luxury.

奢侈品 means 'luxury item'.

5

她通过细腻的笔触勾勒出人物之间亲密而微妙的关系。

Through delicate brushstrokes, she outlined the intimate and subtle relationships between the characters.

勾勒 means 'to outline/sketch'.

6

这种亲密关系的异化是现代都市生活的悲剧。

The alienation of this intimate relationship is a tragedy of modern urban life.

异化 means 'alienation'.

7

他深刻地剖析了亲密关系中的权力博弈。

He profoundly analyzed the power games within intimate relationships.

剖析 means 'to analyze deeply'.

8

这种亲密无间的默契，唯有长期的共事方能达成。

This seamless tacit understanding can only be achieved through long-term collaboration.

默契 means 'tacit understanding'.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

亲密的关系
亲密的朋友
亲密的伙伴
亲密的接触
亲密的战友
亲密的合作
表现得亲密
变得亲密
保持亲密
非常亲密

सामान्य वाक्यांश

亲密无间

亲密爱人

亲密接触

亲密战友

亲密关系

亲密伙伴

亲密好友

亲密无间地合作

亲密无间的友谊

亲密互助

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

亲密 vs 亲近

亲近 is more about approachability or the act of getting close; 亲密 is the state of deep bond.

亲密 vs 亲热

亲热 focuses on physical affection or being 'lovey-dovey'; 亲密 is emotional.

亲密 vs 密切

密切 is often used for functional or professional closeness (e.g., close attention).

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

亲密 vs

亲密 vs

亲密 vs

亲密 vs

亲密 vs

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

Broadness

Applicable to friends, family, and partners.

Formal/Informal

Suitable for both, but more elegant than slang.

Emotional vs Physical

Only for emotional/relational closeness.

सामान्य गलतियाँ
  • Using it for physical distance (e.g., the chair is 亲密 to the table).
  • Confusing it with 亲切 (kind/cordial).
  • Using it for someone you just met.
  • Forgetting the '很' in predicative sentences.
  • Confusing it with 亲热 (physical affection).

सुझाव

Context Matters

Always check if you are describing a feeling (亲密) or a behavior (亲热).

Idiom Power

Learn '亲密无间' to sound like a native speaker when describing a perfect team.

Adjective Rule

Remember to use '的' when 亲密 is used before a noun (亲密的朋友).

Guanxi

Understand that 亲密 is a high compliment for a relationship in Chinese culture.

Tone Check

Make sure the 'mì' is a sharp falling tone (4th tone).

Professionalism

Use 亲密 in business letters to express a desire for a strong, trusted partnership.

Nuance

Listen for '亲密' in movie dialogues to see how it defines character relationships.

Sincerity

Using 亲密 instead of just '好' makes your description of friends sound more sincere.

Visualizing

Visualize two interlocking pieces of a puzzle to remember 亲密.

Avoid Mistakes

Don't use 亲密 for physical distance between objects; use 接近 instead.

याद करें

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The character 亲 (qīn) originally meant 'to see in person' or 'kinship.' 密 (mì) meant 'dense' or 'secret.' Together, they describe a relationship that is as close as family and tightly bound.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Refers to the deep trust in the inner circle.

Reflects the traditional emphasis on tight-knit family units.

In business, 亲密 implies a level of trust that goes beyond the contract.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"你觉得什么样的关系才算亲密？"

"你和你的好朋友关系亲密吗？"

"你认为亲密关系中最重要的因素是什么？"

"你有没有那种亲密无间的朋友？"

"在工作中，建立亲密的关系重要吗？"

डायरी विषय

写一写你最亲密的一个朋友。

描述一段让你感到亲密的关系。

你认为如何才能保持长久的亲密感？

反思一下，你是否害怕建立亲密关系？

谈谈你对‘亲密无间’这个词的理解。

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Yes, it is very common to describe a close bond between a person and their pet as 亲密.

No, it is frequently used for friends and family without any romantic meaning.

亲密 is a deeper state of bond, while 亲近 is more about being friendly or approachable.

Yes, this is the most common way to say 'close friend' in a slightly formal or sincere way.

It is neutral to formal. In very casual slang, people might use other words, but 亲密 is always correct.

The standard translation is '亲密关系' (qīnmì guānxì).

Yes, in diplomacy, countries can have a '亲密伙伴关系' (close partnership).

Not necessarily. While it can describe romantic partners, it does not carry the same sexual euphemism as 'intimate' sometimes does in English.

The most common opposite is 疏远 (shūyuǎn), meaning 'distant' or 'estranged'.

No, it is an adjective. To use it as an action, you would say '变得亲密' (become close).

खुद को परखो 180 सवाल

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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