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A2 verb #2,500 よく出る 16分で読める

Melden

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解説 Melden in your Level:
When you are just starting to learn German at the A1 level, the verb 'melden' might seem a bit complex because it is often used reflexively, which is a new concept for many beginners. However, it is an incredibly useful word that you will encounter very early on in your language learning journey. At its core, 'melden' means to report or to announce, but in everyday A1 conversation, you will most frequently hear it in the form of 'sich melden', which translates to 'to get in touch' or 'to raise one's hand'. Imagine you are sitting in a German language classroom. The teacher asks a question, and you know the answer. In English, you would raise your hand. In German, the action of raising your hand to be called upon is expressed with the verb 'sich melden'. The teacher might say, 'Bitte melden Sie sich, wenn Sie die Antwort wissen,' which means 'Please raise your hand if you know the answer.' As an A1 learner, you need to master the basic present tense conjugation of this regular verb. The conjugation is straightforward: ich melde, du meldest, er/sie/es meldet, wir melden, ihr meldet, sie/Sie melden. Notice the slight irregularity in the 'du' and 'er/sie/es' and 'ihr' forms where an extra 'e' is added before the ending for ease of pronunciation, a common feature for verbs whose stems end in 'd' or 't'. Beyond the classroom, 'sich melden' is the standard way to tell someone you will contact them. If you are saying goodbye to a new German friend, you might say, 'Ich melde mich morgen,' meaning 'I will get in touch tomorrow.' This is a very natural, native-sounding phrase that will immediately make your German sound more authentic. It is much more common than saying 'Ich werde dich kontaktieren,' which sounds overly formal and stiff. You also need to learn how to use it when answering the phone. In Germany, it is customary to answer the phone by stating your last name, but the act of answering is referred to as 'sich am Telefon melden'. For example, 'Er meldet sich nicht' means 'He is not answering (the phone)'. Understanding these basic, everyday contexts is crucial for A1 learners. It bridges the gap between textbook vocabulary and real-world communication. By practicing the reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich, uns, euch, sich) along with the verb, you build a strong foundation for more complex grammar later on. So, focus on 'Ich melde mich' and 'Melde dich!' as your key takeaways for this level.
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At the A2 level, your understanding of 'melden' expands beyond simple classroom interactions and basic promises to call a friend. You are now expected to use the verb in slightly more complex sentences and in a wider variety of everyday situations. The most significant grammatical leap at this stage is mastering the preposition 'bei' when using the reflexive 'sich melden'. While in A1 you learned 'Ich melde mich' (I will get in touch), in A2 you must specify *who* you are getting in touch with. This requires the structure 'sich bei jemandem (Dativ) melden'. For example, 'Ich melde mich bei dir' (I will get in touch with you) or 'Er meldet sich bei seinem Chef' (He is getting in touch with his boss). This is a critical milestone because learners often incorrectly try to use the accusative case or a direct translation of English prepositions, like 'zu'. Mastering 'bei + Dativ' with 'melden' is a hallmark of solid A2 proficiency. Furthermore, you will start encountering the non-reflexive use of 'melden' more frequently. This means using the verb to mean 'to report' an issue or an event. If you are renting an apartment in Germany and the heating breaks, you need to 'den Schaden dem Vermieter melden' (report the damage to the landlord). This introduces the structure of 'etwas (Akkusativ) jemandem (Dativ) melden'. You will also begin to see 'melden' used with the perfect tense. Since it is a regular weak verb, the past participle is 'gemeldet', and it uses the auxiliary verb 'haben'. 'Hast du dich bei Maria gemeldet?' (Did you get in touch with Maria?). This allows you to talk about past communications, which is essential for recounting events or explaining why you did or did not do something. Additionally, A2 learners are introduced to the vital prefix verb 'sich anmelden' (to register/sign up). You will use this to sign up for a language course, register at the gym, or log into a website. 'Ich möchte mich für den Kurs anmelden' (I would like to register for the course). Understanding that 'anmelden' is a separable verb is crucial here. By solidifying the use of 'bei', practicing the perfect tense, and integrating basic prefix verbs like 'anmelden', A2 learners transform 'melden' from a simple phrase into a robust tool for navigating daily life, solving problems, and maintaining relationships in a German-speaking environment.
Reaching the B1 level marks a transition towards independent language use, and your command of 'melden' must reflect this growing sophistication. At this stage, you are expected to handle a broad spectrum of administrative, professional, and social situations where 'melden' and its derivatives are indispensable. The focus shifts heavily towards the various prefix verbs built upon the root 'melden'. You must confidently use 'anmelden' (to register), 'abmelden' (to deregister/sign off), 'ummelden' (to change registration), and 'krankmelden' (to call in sick). For instance, moving to a new apartment requires you to 'sich beim Bürgeramt ummelden'. If you cannot go to work due to illness, you must know the procedure to 'sich beim Arbeitgeber krankmelden'. These are not just vocabulary words; they represent essential cultural and bureaucratic processes in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Grammatically, B1 learners must flawlessly integrate 'melden' into complex sentence structures, including subordinate clauses and sentences with modal verbs. You should comfortably produce sentences like, 'Ich rufe an, weil ich mich für das Seminar anmelden möchte' (I am calling because I want to register for the seminar) or 'Er hat versprochen, dass er sich heute noch bei mir meldet' (He promised that he would get in touch with me today). Notice how the reflexive pronoun and the verb position shift according to the rules of subordinate clauses. Furthermore, you will encounter 'melden' in more formal, non-reflexive contexts, such as reading news articles or listening to reports. You might read, 'Die Polizei meldet einen Rückgang der Kriminalität' (The police report a decrease in crime). Understanding this objective, journalistic use is key to B1 reading comprehension. You will also use 'sich melden' to express volunteering or stepping forward for a task, using the preposition 'für' + Akkusativ: 'Wer meldet sich freiwillig für dieses Projekt?' (Who is volunteering for this project?). At B1, you are also expected to use the Präteritum (simple past) of 'melden' in written texts, such as 'Er meldete den Vorfall sofort' (He reported the incident immediately). By mastering these prefix variations, complex sentence integrations, and formal usages, B1 learners demonstrate that they can effectively manage their lives, fulfill administrative duties, and communicate reliably in a German-speaking society.
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At the B2 level, your German is becoming fluent and nuanced, and your use of 'melden' must reflect a high degree of precision and professional competence. The verb is no longer just about basic communication; it is a tool for navigating complex workplace dynamics, customer service interactions, and formal correspondence. In a professional environment, 'sich melden' is the standard way to manage ongoing communications. You will use phrases like, 'Ich melde mich bezüglich Ihrer Anfrage' (I am getting in touch regarding your inquiry) or 'Wir melden uns bei Ihnen, sobald die Ergebnisse vorliegen' (We will get in touch with you as soon as the results are available). These sentences require a firm grasp of formal register (Sie-form) and advanced prepositions like 'bezüglich'. You must also be adept at using 'melden' in the passive voice, which is very common in formal reporting. For example, 'Der Fehler wurde bereits an die IT-Abteilung gemeldet' (The error has already been reported to the IT department). Understanding and producing passive constructions with 'melden' is a core B2 competency. Furthermore, B2 learners expand their vocabulary with more sophisticated prefix verbs such as 'zurückmelden' (to report back) and 'vermelden' (to announce/report officially). 'Ich werde mich nach dem Meeting bei Ihnen zurückmelden' (I will report back to you after the meeting). 'Die Firma konnte einen Rekordgewinn vermelden' (The company was able to announce a record profit). These subtle variations allow for much more precise expression than simply using the base verb. You will also encounter idiomatic expressions and fixed collocations. For instance, 'Gehorsamst melde...' is a military phrase you might read in literature, while 'sich zu Wort melden' (to ask to speak/to take the floor) is essential for participating in formal meetings or debates. 'Der Abgeordnete meldete sich zu Wort' (The representative asked to speak). At this level, avoiding common mistakes is paramount. A B2 speaker should never confuse 'sich melden' with 'kontaktieren' in terms of register, knowing exactly when to use the friendly, natural 'melden' and when a situation demands a more bureaucratic term. By mastering the passive voice, advanced prefix verbs, formal business phrasing, and specific collocations, B2 learners wield 'melden' with the accuracy and confidence expected in a professional German-speaking environment.
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At the C1 level, you possess advanced operational proficiency, and your use of 'melden' must be virtually indistinguishable from a native speaker's. This means understanding the deepest nuances, literary applications, and highly specific idiomatic uses of the verb and its extensive family of derivatives. You are expected to effortlessly navigate complex, abstract texts where 'melden' might be used metaphorically. For example, in literature or advanced journalism, you might encounter phrases like 'Der Winter meldet sich zurück' (Winter is making a comeback/announcing its return) or 'Erste Zweifel meldeten sich' (Initial doubts began to surface). Here, 'sich melden' is personified, used to describe phenomena or emotions making their presence known. This abstract usage requires a sophisticated understanding of context. Furthermore, C1 learners must master highly specific prefix verbs and nouns derived from 'melden'. Words like 'die Rückmeldung' (feedback), 'die Wortmeldung' (request to speak/comment), and 'die Vermeldung' (announcement) are crucial for academic and high-level professional discourse. You must be able to solicit and provide 'Rückmeldung' constructively in a corporate or university setting. You will also encounter verbs like 'weitermelden' (to pass on a report) or 'durchmelden' (to report through a chain of command). Grammatically, you should be perfectly comfortable using 'melden' in the Konjunktiv I for indirect speech, which is essential for summarizing news or reports. 'Die Zeitung melde, dass der Minister zurücktrete' (The newspaper reports that the minister is resigning). This demonstrates a mastery of advanced German syntax. In terms of register, a C1 speaker knows exactly how to modulate their tone. They know that 'Ich melde mich' is perfect for a colleague, but might choose 'Ich werde unaufgefordert auf Sie zukommen' in a hyper-formal legal or business context to express a similar idea of future contact. You must also understand the subtle difference between 'melden' and verbs like 'offenbaren' or 'kundtun' in literary contexts. At C1, 'melden' is not just a verb you use; it is a root concept from which you can derive meaning in complex, unfamiliar texts, demonstrating a profound, intuitive grasp of the German language's structure and cultural nuances.
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Achieving C2 level means attaining mastery, near-native fluency, and a deep appreciation for the stylistic and historical dimensions of the German language. At this pinnacle of language learning, your interaction with the verb 'melden' involves recognizing its etymological roots, understanding archaic or highly specialized usages, and employing it with absolute stylistic precision in both writing and speech. You are comfortable reading classical German literature where 'melden' might carry its older connotation of 'to betray' or 'to declare solemnly', tracing back to the Old High German 'meldōn'. In modern contexts, you effortlessly deploy highly idiomatic and colloquial expressions. For instance, if someone is completely exhausted or unresponsive, a native speaker might say, 'Bei dem meldet sich gar nichts mehr' (He's completely out of it/unresponsive). You understand the subtle irony or humor when 'melden' is used in unexpected ways, such as 'Mein Magen meldet sich' (My stomach is growling/letting me know it's empty). Furthermore, a C2 speaker commands the entire spectrum of bureaucratic and legal jargon associated with 'melden'. Terms like 'die Meldepflicht' (the legal obligation to register), 'das Einwohnermeldeamt' (registration office), and 'meldebehördlich erfasst' (registered with the authorities) are fully integrated into your vocabulary. You can debate the nuances of 'Meldepflicht' in the context of infectious diseases or residency laws using precise, academic German. You also master the subtle distinctions in prefix verbs that even some native speakers might stumble over, such as the difference between 'jemanden an den Chef melden' (to report someone to the boss, implying a complaint) versus 'dem Chef etwas melden' (to report something to the boss, neutral information transfer). Your use of the Konjunktiv II with 'melden' is flawless, allowing you to express highly hypothetical or polite scenarios: 'Ich hätte mich ja gemeldet, wenn ich gewusst hätte, dass du da bist' (I would have gotten in touch if I had known you were there). At the C2 level, 'melden' is a testament to your comprehensive linguistic arsenal. You use it not just to communicate, but to express nuance, tone, humor, and cultural belonging, demonstrating a complete and unshakeable command of the German language in all its complexity.
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Melden 30秒で

  • Means 'to report' when used normally.
  • Means 'to get in touch' when used reflexively (sich melden).
  • Always use 'bei' for the person you contact (Ich melde mich bei dir).
  • Means 'to raise your hand' in a school context.
The German verb 'melden' is an incredibly versatile and frequently used word that serves multiple functions across various contexts, ranging from casual everyday conversations to highly formal military or business communications. At its most fundamental level, 'melden' translates to 'to report', 'to announce', or 'to notify'. However, its meaning shifts significantly depending on whether it is used reflexively or non-reflexively, and depending on the specific prefixes attached to it. When used non-reflexively, such as in the sentence 'Der Soldat meldet den Vorfall' (The soldier reports the incident), it carries a formal, objective tone of passing information up a chain of command or to an official body. This usage is common in journalism, police reports, and corporate environments.

Die Zeitung meldet einen neuen Rekord.

On the other hand, the reflexive form, 'sich melden', is arguably the most common way learners will encounter this verb. 'Sich melden' literally means 'to report oneself', but in practice, it translates to 'to get in touch', 'to answer (the phone)', or 'to raise one's hand'. For instance, if you are in a classroom setting in Germany, Switzerland, or Austria, and you know the answer to the teacher's question, you do not simply shout it out; you must 'sich melden'.

Der Schüler meldet sich, weil er die Antwort weiß.

This cultural nuance is deeply ingrained in the educational system. Furthermore, in the context of interpersonal relationships, 'sich melden' is the standard phrase used to promise future contact. When parting ways with a friend, saying 'Ich melde mich bei dir' (I will get in touch with you) is the most natural and ubiquitous way to express that intention.
Reflexive Usage
Used to indicate getting in touch or raising a hand.
It is less formal than 'kontaktieren' and more specific than simply saying 'wir sprechen später'. Another critical application of 'sich melden' is in telephone etiquette. When a phone rings and someone answers it, the act of answering is described as 'sich melden'. If you call someone and they do not pick up, you would say, 'Er meldet sich nicht' (He is not answering).

Warum meldest du dich nicht, wenn ich anrufe?

Beyond these common uses, 'melden' forms the root of numerous essential separable and inseparable prefix verbs that expand its utility exponentially. Words like 'anmelden' (to register, to log in), 'abmelden' (to deregister, to log out), 'ummelden' (to change one's registration), and 'krankmelden' (to call in sick) are indispensable for navigating daily life and bureaucracy in German-speaking countries.
Prefix Verbs
Adding prefixes changes the meaning entirely, e.g., anmelden.
Understanding the core concept of 'melden' as an act of making information known or making one's presence known is the key to mastering all these related terms. The etymology of the word traces back to Old High German 'meldōn', which meant to declare or to betray, showing how the concept of revealing information has remained central to the word's identity over centuries. In modern usage, the connotation of betrayal has largely faded, replaced by the neutral or positive acts of communication and registration. Whether you are reporting a bug in a software program, raising your hand in a university lecture, calling in sick to your employer, or simply promising to text a friend later, 'melden' and its derivatives are the linguistic tools you need.

Bitte melden Sie jeden Fehler sofort an die IT-Abteilung.

Mastering this verb not only improves your grammatical accuracy but also significantly enhances your cultural fluency, allowing you to interact in a way that sounds natural and appropriate to native speakers.
Cultural Fluency
Using 'sich melden' correctly makes you sound like a native.

Wir melden uns, sobald wir mehr wissen.

Therefore, dedicating time to practice the various conjugations, cases, and contexts associated with 'melden' is a highly rewarding endeavor for any serious student of the German language.
Understanding how to use 'melden' correctly requires a solid grasp of German sentence structure, specifically regarding reflexive pronouns, cases, and prepositions. The grammatical mechanics of 'melden' can be divided into its non-reflexive and reflexive uses, each demanding different structural components. Let us first examine the non-reflexive use. When 'melden' means 'to report' something, it acts as a standard transitive verb requiring an accusative object. The person or entity receiving the report is typically expressed in the dative case or with the preposition 'an' plus the accusative. For example, 'Der Polizist meldet den Unfall dem Kommissar' (The police officer reports the accident to the commissioner) or 'Er meldet den Fehler an die Zentrale' (He reports the error to headquarters).

Der Wachmann meldet den Einbruch sofort der Polizei.

This structure is straightforward for learners familiar with basic transitive verbs. However, the complexity increases significantly with the reflexive form, 'sich melden'. The reflexive pronoun 'sich' (and its corresponding forms: mich, dich, uns, euch) is in the accusative case. When you want to specify who you are getting in touch with, you must use the preposition 'bei' followed by the dative case. This is a strict grammatical rule that learners often violate by trying to use a direct object or the preposition 'zu'. The correct formulation is 'Ich melde mich bei dir' (I will get in touch with you), never 'Ich melde dich' or 'Ich melde zu dir'.
Preposition 'bei'
Always use 'bei' + Dative when stating who you are contacting.

Bitte melde dich bei mir, wenn du angekommen bist.

Another crucial preposition used with 'sich melden' is 'für', followed by the accusative case, when you are volunteering or registering for a task. For instance, 'Wer meldet sich für den Küchendienst?' (Who is volunteering for kitchen duty?). This highlights the active, participatory nature of the verb. In the context of school or meetings, where 'sich melden' means to raise one's hand, no additional preposition is needed unless you are specifying the purpose. You simply say, 'Die Schülerin meldet sich' (The student raises her hand).

Er meldet sich, um eine Frage zu stellen.

Conjugating 'melden' is relatively simple as it is a weak (regular) verb. In the present tense, the stem 'meld-' takes the standard endings, but because the stem ends in 'd', an extra 'e' is inserted before the 'st' and 't' endings for pronunciation purposes: du meldest, er/sie/es meldet, ihr meldet.
Conjugation Rule
Add an 'e' before 'st' and 't' because the stem ends in 'd'.
The simple past (Präteritum) is formed by adding '-ete': ich meldete, du meldetest. The past participle, used for the perfect tense, is 'gemeldet'. Therefore, 'I got in touch' translates to 'Ich habe mich gemeldet'.

Sie hat sich gestern bei mir gemeldet.

It is also vital to understand the imperative forms, as 'melden' is frequently used in commands or requests. 'Melde dich!' (Get in touch!) is used for informal singular, 'Meldet euch!' for informal plural, and 'Melden Sie sich!' for formal interactions.
Imperative Forms
Crucial for telling someone to call or write you back.

Melden Sie sich bitte umgehend im Büro.

When combining 'melden' with modal verbs, the infinitive 'melden' goes to the end of the sentence, while the reflexive pronoun stays close to the conjugated modal verb: 'Ich muss mich heute bei ihm melden' (I have to get in touch with him today). By mastering these structural patterns—the mandatory reflexive pronouns, the specific prepositions 'bei' and 'für', the regular conjugation with the inserted 'e', and the correct placement within the sentence—learners can confidently and accurately deploy 'melden' in any conversational or written context.
The verb 'melden' is ubiquitous in the German-speaking world, permeating almost every layer of society and daily interaction. Its presence is so widespread that a learner will inevitably encounter it within their first few weeks of immersion or study. One of the most prominent environments where 'melden' is heard is the educational system. From kindergarten through university, the act of raising one's hand to speak is universally referred to as 'sich melden'. Teachers constantly use phrases like 'Bitte melden, nicht reinrufen!' (Please raise your hand, don't call out!).

Wer die Lösung weiß, soll sich bitte melden.

This establishes the verb early on as a fundamental tool for classroom participation. Moving beyond the schoolyard, 'melden' is the backbone of informal social coordination. When friends make plans, the phrase 'Ich melde mich' acts as the standard conversational glue. It is the German equivalent of 'I'll hit you up' or 'I'll be in touch'. You will hear this constantly at the end of phone calls, text message threads, and face-to-face farewells.

Alles klar, wir melden uns dann am Wochenende bei dir.

In the professional sphere, 'melden' takes on a slightly more formal but equally essential role. In offices, employees use it to report their status, confirm their attendance, or notify colleagues of issues. If a server goes down, the IT department will ask users to 'den Fehler melden' (report the error).
Corporate Context
Used for reporting bugs, issues, or status updates.
When calling a company, the receptionist answering the phone is 'sich am Telefon melden'. You might hear a colleague say, 'Der Kunde hat sich noch nicht gemeldet' (The customer hasn't gotten in touch yet), indicating a pending business communication.

Herr Müller meldet sich aus dem Urlaub zurück.

The media and news broadcasting also rely heavily on the non-reflexive form of 'melden'. News anchors frequently introduce breaking news with phrases like 'Wie die Nachrichtenagentur dpa meldet...' (As the dpa news agency reports...).
Journalistic Usage
Standard verb for news outlets reporting facts or events.
This usage gives the verb a tone of authority and objectivity. Furthermore, the military and emergency services use 'melden' as a core procedural term. A soldier 'meldet' to their commanding officer, and citizens are instructed to 'einen Notfall melden' (report an emergency) by calling the police or fire department.

Der Zeuge meldet den Brand sofort der Feuerwehr.

Another highly common context is bureaucratic and administrative life, often involving prefix variations of the verb. When you move to a new city in Germany, you must 'sich anmelden' (register) at the Bürgeramt. When you leave, you must 'sich abmelden'. If you are too sick to work, you must 'sich krankmelden' with your employer. These administrative uses highlight how 'melden' is tied to the concept of making one's official status known to the state or an organization.
Bureaucracy
Essential for registering addresses, vehicles, and sickness.

Vergessen Sie nicht, sich beim Einwohnermeldeamt anzumelden.

Even in digital spaces, 'melden' is prevalent. Social media platforms have buttons to 'einen Beitrag melden' (report a post) for violating community guidelines. In online gaming, players might 'sich melden' for a raid or a team activity. The sheer variety of these contexts—from the intimacy of a text message to the formality of a police report, from the innocence of a kindergarten classroom to the strict procedures of the military—demonstrates that 'melden' is not just a vocabulary word to memorize, but a fundamental pillar of German communication that you will hear and use every single day.
When learning the German verb 'melden', students frequently encounter a specific set of pitfalls that can lead to confusion or unnatural-sounding sentences. Because 'melden' operates differently depending on whether it is reflexive or non-reflexive, and because it relies on specific prepositions, the margin for error is quite broad. The most prevalent mistake among beginners is omitting the reflexive pronoun when trying to say 'I will get in touch'. English speakers naturally want to translate 'I will contact you' directly, leading to the incorrect sentence 'Ich melde dich'.

FALSCH: Ich melde dich morgen. RICHTIG: Ich melde mich morgen bei dir.

Saying 'Ich melde dich' actually means 'I am reporting you' (e.g., to the police or a teacher), which completely changes the intended friendly tone into a threat. Another major area of confusion involves the choice of prepositions. When expressing who you are getting in touch with, the only correct preposition is 'bei' followed by the dative case. Learners often mistakenly use 'zu' (to) or 'mit' (with), resulting in incorrect phrases like 'Ich melde mich zu dir' or 'Ich melde mich mit dir'.
Preposition Error
Using 'zu' instead of 'bei' is a classic direct translation mistake from English 'to get back TO someone'.

Bitte melde dich bei der Rezeption, nicht 'zu' der Rezeption.

Furthermore, learners often confuse the base verb 'melden' with its numerous prefix derivatives, particularly 'anmelden'. While 'sich melden' means to get in touch or raise one's hand, 'sich anmelden' means to register, sign up, or log in. Saying 'Ich melde mich für den Kurs' implies you are volunteering or raising your hand for the course, whereas 'Ich melde mich für den Kurs an' means you are officially registering for it.
Prefix Confusion
Mixing up 'melden' and 'anmelden' can lead to administrative misunderstandings.

Du musst dich online anmelden, bevor du teilnehmen kannst.

Conjugation errors also occur, particularly in the present tense. Because the stem of 'melden' ends in 'd', an extra 'e' must be inserted before the 'st' and 't' endings to make pronunciation possible. Students sometimes forget this rule and write 'du meldst' or 'er meldt', which are phonetically awkward and grammatically incorrect. The correct forms are 'du meldest' and 'er meldet'. Another subtle mistake involves the context of answering the phone. In English, we say 'He is not answering'. In German, a direct translation 'Er antwortet nicht' is understood but less idiomatic for phone calls than 'Er meldet sich nicht'.

Ich habe dreimal angerufen, aber niemand meldet sich.

Finally, learners sometimes struggle with the word order when using 'sich melden' in subordinate clauses or with modal verbs. The reflexive pronoun 'sich' (or mich/dich) generally prefers to sit right after the conjugated verb or the subject in a subordinate clause. For example, 'Ich hoffe, dass er sich bald meldet' is correct, whereas 'Ich hoffe, dass er meldet sich bald' is incorrect due to standard German verb-final rules in subordinate clauses.
Word Order
Keep the reflexive pronoun close to the subject in complex sentences.

Es ist wichtig, dass du dich rechtzeitig meldest.

By actively avoiding these common pitfalls—remembering the reflexive pronoun, strictly using the preposition 'bei', distinguishing between prefix variations, applying the correct conjugation rules, and mastering the word order—students can elevate their German from sounding like a direct translation to sounding natural, fluent, and precise.
When expanding your German vocabulary around the concept of communication, reporting, and getting in touch, it is essential to understand the nuances that separate 'melden' from its synonyms and related terms. While several verbs share overlapping meanings, their specific contexts, formalities, and grammatical structures differ significantly. One of the most common synonyms for the non-reflexive 'melden' (to report) is 'berichten'. While both mean to convey information, 'berichten' implies a more detailed, narrative account of an event, often used in journalism or comprehensive professional reports. 'Melden', in contrast, is usually a brief, factual notification.

Der Journalist berichtet ausführlich über das Ereignis, das die Polizei zuvor gemeldet hatte.

Another closely related word is 'informieren' (to inform). This is a direct, transitive verb used when you are providing someone with knowledge or facts. You would say 'Ich informiere dich über die Änderungen' (I am informing you about the changes). While you could use 'melden' in a similar context, 'informieren' focuses specifically on the transfer of knowledge, whereas 'melden' focuses on the act of reaching out or notifying. 'Mitteilen' (to communicate/to inform) is another excellent alternative. It is a separable verb that is slightly more formal than 'sagen' but less formal than 'berichten'. 'Ich teile dir meine Entscheidung mit' (I am communicating my decision to you).
Mitteilen vs Melden
'Mitteilen' requires a direct object (what is being communicated), while 'sich melden' does not.

Bitte teilen Sie uns umgehend Ihre neue Adresse mit.

When looking at the reflexive 'sich melden' (to get in touch), the most direct English equivalent is often 'kontaktieren' (to contact). However, 'kontaktieren' sounds highly formal and slightly bureaucratic in German. You would rarely say 'Ich kontaktiere dich morgen' to a friend; instead, 'Ich melde mich morgen' is the natural, idiomatic choice.

Für geschäftliche Anfragen kontaktieren Sie bitte unseren Support.

'Anrufen' (to call on the phone) and 'schreiben' (to write/text) are more specific alternatives to 'sich melden'. If you want to specify exactly how you will get in touch, you use these verbs. 'Ich rufe dich an' means specifically that I will phone you, whereas 'Ich melde mich' leaves the medium (call, text, email) open.
Specificity
'Sich melden' is a blanket term; 'anrufen' and 'schreiben' specify the method.
In formal or legal contexts, 'anzeigen' is used to mean 'to report' a crime to the police. You do not 'melden' a theft to the police in the sense of pressing charges; you 'zeigen es an' (make a formal report/press charges).

Er hat den Diebstahl sofort bei der Polizei angezeigt.

Finally, 'benachrichtigen' (to notify) is used when sending an official alert or notice to someone. 'Die Bank hat mich über die Abbuchung benachrichtigt' (The bank notified me about the withdrawal).
Benachrichtigen
Often used for automated or official notifications.

Wir werden Sie benachrichtigen, sobald das Paket eintrifft.

By understanding these subtle distinctions—the narrative depth of 'berichten', the formal contact of 'kontaktieren', the specific mediums of 'anrufen' and 'schreiben', the legal weight of 'anzeigen', and the official tone of 'benachrichtigen'—you can choose the exact right word for your intended meaning, reserving 'melden' for its core strengths: general reporting, raising a hand, and the ubiquitous promise to get in touch.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

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Reflexive Verbs in the Accusative Case

Verbs with Fixed Prepositions (bei + Dativ)

Weak Verb Conjugation (stem ending in -d or -t)

Separable Prefix Verbs (anmelden, abmelden)

Subordinate Clauses (weil er sich meldet)

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レベル別の例文

1

Ich melde mich morgen.

I will get in touch tomorrow.

Reflexive pronoun 'mich' is required.

2

Bitte melden Sie sich!

Please raise your hand! / Please get in touch!

Formal imperative form with 'Sie'.

3

Der Schüler meldet sich.

The student raises his hand.

Third person singular conjugation 'meldet'.

4

Melde dich bald!

Get in touch soon!

Informal singular imperative 'Melde'.

5

Wir melden uns später.

We will get in touch later.

First person plural with reflexive 'uns'.

6

Er meldet sich nicht.

He is not answering (the phone).

Common phrase for unanswered phone calls.

7

Ich melde mich am Telefon.

I answer the phone.

Using 'am Telefon' to specify the context.

8

Du meldest dich nie!

You never get in touch!

Second person singular with 'nie' for emphasis.

1

Ich melde mich bei dir.

I will get in touch with you.

Requires preposition 'bei' + Dative (dir).

2

Er hat den Fehler gemeldet.

He reported the error.

Perfect tense with auxiliary 'haben' and participle 'gemeldet'.

3

Hast du dich bei ihr gemeldet?

Did you get in touch with her?

Question format in perfect tense with reflexive pronoun.

4

Wir müssen den Unfall melden.

We have to report the accident.

Modal verb 'müssen' pushes 'melden' to the end.

5

Sie meldet sich für den Kurs an.

She is registering for the course.

Separable prefix verb 'anmelden'.

6

Bitte melden Sie den Schaden sofort.

Please report the damage immediately.

Formal imperative, non-reflexive use.

7

Ich wollte mich nur kurz melden.

I just wanted to get in touch briefly.

Modal verb 'wollen' in Präteritum with reflexive 'melden'.

8

Der Arzt meldet den Notfall.

The doctor reports the emergency.

Transitive use with accusative object 'den Notfall'.

1

Ich melde mich krank, weil ich Fieber habe.

I am calling in sick because I have a fever.

Prefix verb 'sich krankmelden' in a main clause.

2

Vergiss nicht, dich beim Einwohnermeldeamt umzumelden.

Don't forget to change your registration at the residents' registration office.

Infinitive clause with 'umzumelden' (zu is placed between prefix and verb).

3

Die Zeitung meldete gestern einen schweren Sturm.

The newspaper reported a severe storm yesterday.

Präteritum (simple past) 'meldete' used in written reports.

4

Wer meldet sich freiwillig für diese Aufgabe?

Who is volunteering for this task?

Reflexive use with 'freiwillig' and preposition 'für' + Akkusativ.

5

Ich rufe an, um mich für das Seminar anzumelden.

I am calling to register for the seminar.

'um... zu' construction with separable verb 'anmelden'.

6

Er versprach, dass er sich heute Abend meldet.

He promised that he would get in touch tonight.

Subordinate clause pushing the conjugated verb 'meldet' to the end.

7

Der Diebstahl muss der Polizei gemeldet werden.

The theft must be reported to the police.

Passive voice with modal verb (muss... gemeldet werden).

8

Ich habe mich lange nicht bei dir gemeldet, tut mir leid.

I haven't been in touch with you for a long time, I'm sorry.

Perfect tense with time expression 'lange nicht'.

1

Ich melde mich bezüglich Ihrer E-Mail von gestern.

I am getting in touch regarding your email from yesterday.

Formal register using preposition 'bezüglich' + Genitive/Dative.

2

Der Vorfall wurde umgehend der Geschäftsleitung gemeldet.

The incident was immediately reported to the management.

Präteritum passive voice (wurde... gemeldet).

3

Bitte melden Sie sich bis spätestens Freitag bei uns zurück.

Please report back to us by Friday at the latest.

Separable prefix verb 'sich zurückmelden' in formal imperative.

4

Der Politiker meldete sich in der Debatte mehrfach zu Wort.

The politician asked to speak multiple times during the debate.

Fixed collocation 'sich zu Wort melden' (to ask to speak).

5

Die Firma konnte für das letzte Quartal Rekordumsätze vermelden.

The company was able to announce record sales for the last quarter.

Prefix verb 'vermelden' used for official announcements.

6

Sollten Probleme auftreten, melden Sie diese bitte dem Support-Team.

Should problems arise, please report them to the support team.

Conditional clause without 'wenn', formal imperative.

7

Er ist seiner Meldepflicht nicht rechtzeitig nachgekommen.

He did not fulfill his registration obligation on time.

Noun derivative 'Meldepflicht' used with 'nachkommen' (Dative).

8

Wir erwarten, dass Sie sich bei Verzögerungen unaufgefordert melden.

We expect you to get in touch proactively in case of delays.

Use of 'unaufgefordert' (unprompted/proactively) with reflexive 'melden'.

1

Der Winter meldet sich mit eisigen Temperaturen zurück.

Winter is making a comeback with icy temperatures.

Metaphorical use of 'sich zurückmelden' (to make a comeback).

2

Die Nachrichtenagentur melde, dass der Streik beendet sei.

The news agency reports that the strike is over.

Konjunktiv I 'melde' used for indirect speech in journalism.

3

Wir bitten um eine zeitnahe Rückmeldung zu unserem Entwurf.

We request timely feedback on our draft.

Noun derivative 'Rückmeldung' (feedback) used in formal business context.

4

Erste Zweifel an der Machbarkeit des Projekts meldeten sich.

Initial doubts about the feasibility of the project began to surface.

Abstract, personified use of 'sich melden' (doubts making themselves known).

5

Der Kommandant ließ den erfolgreichen Abschluss der Mission nach oben durchmelden.

The commander had the successful completion of the mission reported up the chain of command.

Highly specific prefix verb 'durchmelden' (to report through channels).

6

Trotz mehrfacher Aufforderung hat er sich bislang nicht zu den Vorwürfen gemeldet.

Despite multiple requests, he has not yet commented on the allegations.

'sich zu etwas melden' meaning to comment on or address an issue.

7

Die Meldekette hat in diesem Krisenfall einwandfrei funktioniert.

The reporting chain functioned flawlessly in this crisis.

Compound noun 'Meldekette' (chain of reporting/communication).

8

Es ist unerlässlich, jeden sicherheitsrelevanten Vorfall unverzüglich zu melden.

It is imperative to report any security-relevant incident immediately.

Infinitive clause with 'zu melden' in a highly formal, prescriptive sentence.

1

Bei dem Patienten meldet sich nach der Narkose langsam das Bewusstsein zurück.

Consciousness is slowly returning to the patient after anesthesia.

Highly abstract, medical/literary use of 'sich zurückmelden'.

2

Ich hätte mich ja gemeldet, wenn mir die Brisanz der Lage bewusst gewesen wäre.

I would have gotten in touch if I had been aware of the explosive nature of the situation.

Konjunktiv II past perfect (hätte mich gemeldet) in a complex conditional sentence.

3

Sein Gewissen meldete sich, als er das gefundene Geld einsteckte.

His conscience pricked him as he pocketed the found money.

Idiomatic personification: 'Das Gewissen meldet sich' (the conscience speaks up).

4

Die meldebehördliche Erfassung aller Einwohner ist ein Eckpfeiler der Verwaltung.

The registration of all residents by the authorities is a cornerstone of administration.

Complex bureaucratic adjective 'meldebehördlich'.

5

Er ist in der Partei ein unbeschriebenes Blatt, da er sich bisher kaum zu Wort gemeldet hat.

He is an unknown quantity in the party, as he has hardly spoken up so far.

Idiom 'unbeschriebenes Blatt' combined with collocation 'sich zu Wort melden'.

6

Nach tagelangem Schweigen meldete sich der Konzernchef schließlich mit einer dürren Erklärung.

After days of silence, the CEO finally came forward with a terse statement.

Stylistic use of 'mit einer Erklärung melden' (to come forward with a statement).

7

Mein Magen meldet sich; wir sollten allmählich an ein Abendessen denken.

My stomach is growling; we should gradually think about dinner.

Colloquial, humorous personification of a body part 'reporting' a need.

8

Die Denunzianten meldeten jeden noch so kleinen Verstoß an die Obrigkeit.

The informants reported even the slightest violation to the authorities.

Historical/literary context reflecting the older connotation of 'melden' as betraying or informing on someone.

よく使う組み合わせ

einen Fehler melden
sich telefonisch melden
sich zu Wort melden
einen Schaden melden
sich freiwillig melden
Vollzug melden
Bedenken anmelden
sich krank melden
einen Notfall melden
sich zurück melden

よく使うフレーズ

Ich melde mich!
Melde dich mal!
Er meldet sich nicht.
Bitte melden Sie sich.
Wer meldet sich freiwillig?
Ich melde mich später.
Wir melden uns bei Ihnen.
Sich zu Wort melden.
Einen Fehler melden.
Sich krank melden.

よく混同される語

Melden vs anmelden

Melden vs kontaktieren

Melden vs berichten

慣用句と表現

"sich zu Wort melden"
"Vollzug melden"
"ein unbeschriebenes Blatt (contextual)"
"sich krankfeiern (related to krankmelden)"
"jemandem etwas stecken (informal synonym)"
"Farbe bekennen (contextual reporting)"
"die Alarmglocken schrillen (contextual)"
"auf dem Radar haben (contextual)"
"jemanden auf dem Laufenden halten (related to reporting)"
"sich rar machen (antonym idiom)"

間違えやすい

Melden vs

Melden vs

Melden vs

Melden vs

Melden vs

文型パターン

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使い方

nuances

The non-reflexive form feels administrative and cold, while the reflexive form feels communicative and social.

formality

Highly adaptable. 'Melden' fits seamlessly into both a text to a best friend and a formal report to a CEO.

regionalisms

Standard across all German-speaking regions. No major regional variations in core meaning.

よくある間違い
  • Omitting the reflexive pronoun: Saying 'Ich melde morgen' instead of 'Ich melde mich morgen'.
  • Using the wrong preposition: Saying 'Ich melde mich zu dir' instead of 'Ich melde mich bei dir'.
  • Confusing with anmelden: Saying 'Ich melde für den Kurs' instead of 'Ich melde mich für den Kurs an'.
  • Incorrect conjugation: Writing 'du meldst' instead of 'du meldest'.
  • Direct translation of 'answer the phone': Saying 'Er antwortet das Telefon nicht' instead of 'Er meldet sich nicht'.

ヒント

Don't Forget the Reflexive

Always use the reflexive pronoun (mich, dich, sich) when you mean 'to get in touch'. Without it, you are 'reporting' someone.

The 'Bei' Rule

Memorize 'sich bei jemandem melden' as a fixed block. Never use 'zu' or 'mit' when expressing who you are contacting.

Enunciate the 'E'

Make sure to clearly pronounce the 'e' in 'du meldest' and 'er meldet'. It is crucial for correct German rhythm.

The Classroom Standard

If you study in Germany, 'sich melden' is the only acceptable way to answer a question. Don't shout out the answer!

Perfect for Goodbyes

Replace 'Wir sprechen später' with 'Ich melde mich' to instantly sound more like a native speaker when parting ways.

Learn the Prefixes

Mastering 'anmelden', 'abmelden', and 'ummelden' is essential for surviving German bureaucracy.

Calling in Sick

The verb 'sich krankmelden' is a single, separable verb. 'Ich melde mich heute krank' is the standard way to tell your boss you are ill.

News Broadcasts

Pay attention to the news. You will hear 'Die Polizei meldet...' constantly. It's great practice for the non-reflexive use.

Formal Emails

Use 'Wir werden uns in Kürze bei Ihnen melden' as a standard, polite closing for business correspondence.

Avoid Direct Translation

Never translate 'I will get back to you' literally. The German equivalent is always 'Ich melde mich bei dir zurück' or just 'Ich melde mich'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine you are MELDING two pieces of metal together to make a connection; 'sich melden' is making a connection with someone.

語源

文化的な背景

Understood universally across Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. In Switzerland, 'sich anmelden' is sometimes used where Germans might just say 'einen Termin machen'.

'Sich melden' is appropriate for both formal and informal situations, but the pronoun changes (mich bei dir vs. mich bei Ihnen). 'Kontaktieren' is strictly formal.

The concept of 'Meldepflicht' (mandatory registration of address) has deep historical roots in Central Europe for taxation and conscription purposes.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"Wann meldest du dich wieder?"

"Hast du den Schaden schon der Versicherung gemeldet?"

"Warum hat er sich gestern nicht gemeldet?"

"Wer meldet sich freiwillig für den Abwasch?"

"Soll ich mich bei ihr melden oder warten?"

日記のテーマ

Wann hast du dich das letzte Mal bei einem alten Freund gemeldet?

Beschreibe eine Situation, in der du einen Fehler melden musstest.

Wie fühlst du dich, wenn sich jemand, der es versprochen hat, nicht meldet?

Warum ist es in der Schule wichtig, sich zu melden?

Welche bürokratischen 'Meldungen' (Anmeldung, etc.) findest du in Deutschland am nervigsten?

よくある質問

10 問

Only if you mean 'I am reporting you' (e.g., to the police). If you mean 'I will contact you', you must say 'Ich melde mich bei dir'.

'Melden' means to report or get in touch. 'Anmelden' means to register, sign up, or log in. You 'melden' a bug, but you 'anmelden' for a class.

Because the stem of the verb ends in 'd' (meld-). Adding '-st' directly would make it 'meldst', which is hard to pronounce. German adds an 'e' for phonetic flow.

It can be both. 'Ich melde mich bei dir' is informal. 'Ich melde mich bei Ihnen' is formal. The verb itself is neutral.

You use 'haben'. The perfect tense is 'Ich habe mich gemeldet'.

You say 'Ich melde mich am Telefon'. Or if someone isn't answering, 'Er meldet sich nicht'.

When stating who you are contacting, always use 'bei' + Dative. 'Ich melde mich bei meinem Freund'.

Yes, when used reflexively with 'für'. 'Ich melde mich für die Aufgabe' means 'I volunteer for the task'.

It is an idiom that means 'to ask to speak' or 'to take the floor', usually in a formal meeting or debate.

'Kontaktieren' is very formal and slightly stiff. For 90% of everyday situations, 'sich melden' is the more natural and preferred choice.

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