sich entscheiden
sich entscheiden 30秒で
- Reflexive verb meaning 'to decide' or 'to choose' between options.
- Requires an accusative reflexive pronoun (mich, dich, sich, etc.).
- Uses 'für' for positive choices and 'gegen' for negative ones.
- Irregular verb forms: entscheiden, entschied, hat entschieden.
The German verb sich entscheiden is a fundamental reflexive verb that translates to 'to decide' or 'to make a choice' in English. At its core, it describes the mental process of selecting one option from a set of possibilities. Unlike the English 'to decide', which can often be used without a reflexive pronoun, the German 'sich entscheiden' almost always requires the reflexive pronoun (mich, dich, sich, uns, euch, sich) to indicate that the subject is performing the action upon themselves, effectively 'resolving oneself' to a path.
- Grammatical Structure
- Subject + reflexive pronoun (Accusative) + verb + (prepositional phrase). For example: 'Ich entscheide mich für das Schnitzel.'
- Reflexive Nature
- The pronoun must match the subject. If 'I' decide, it is 'mich'. If 'we' decide, it is 'uns'.
- Prepositional Usage
- Commonly used with 'für' (for) or 'gegen' (against), both followed by the accusative case.
Ich kann mich einfach nicht entscheiden, welche Farbe ich nehmen soll.
Hast du dich schon für ein Studium entschieden?
The verb follows a strong (irregular) conjugation pattern: entscheiden (present), entschied (past), hat entschieden (perfect). This change from 'ei' to 'ie' is a classic feature of Class 1 strong verbs in German. Understanding this vowel shift is crucial for moving from A2 to B1 proficiency.
Wir entschieden uns schließlich, zu Hause zu bleiben.
- Semantic Nuance
- It implies a selection between alternatives. If there is only one path, you don't 'entscheiden sich'; you simply 'tun' (do) it.
Das Gericht muss heute entscheiden.
Using 'sich entscheiden' correctly involves mastering three main components: the reflexive pronoun, the preposition, and the tense. Since it is an A2 level word, learners should focus on the present and perfect tenses first. The reflexive pronoun always stays in the accusative case (mich, dich, sich, uns, euch, sich). This is different from verbs like 'sich wehtun' where the pronoun can be dative.
- Step 1: The Pronoun
- Match the pronoun to the person. 'Er entscheidet sich' (He decides), 'Ihr entscheidet euch' (You all decide).
Wir entscheiden uns für den blauen Pullover.
- Step 2: Prepositions
- Use 'für' + Accusative for the option you choose. Use 'gegen' + Accusative for the option you reject. Use 'zwischen' + Dative when choosing between two things.
Sie hat sich gegen das Angebot entschieden.
When you want to say 'decide to do something', you use an infinitive clause with 'zu'. For example: 'Ich habe mich entschieden, Deutsch zu lernen.' Note the comma before the 'zu' clause. This is a very common structure in both spoken and written German.
Könnt ihr euch bitte endlich entscheiden?
- Tense Changes
- Present: entscheide. Past: entschied. Perfect: hat entschieden. Subjunctive II: entschiede (rarely used, usually 'würde sich entscheiden').
Wenn ich reich wäre, würde ich mich für eine Weltreise entscheiden.
You will encounter 'sich entscheiden' in almost every aspect of daily life in Germany. From shopping and dining to career discussions and legal matters, the concept of choice is central. In a restaurant, a waiter might ask: 'Haben Sie sich schon entschieden?' (Have you decided yet?). In a clothing store, a friend might say: 'Ich kann mich nicht entscheiden, beide Kleider sehen toll aus!'
Haben Sie sich schon für eine Vorspeise entschieden?
In the workplace, managers often talk about 'Entscheidungen treffen' (making decisions), but the verb 'sich entscheiden' is used when discussing personal career paths or specific project directions. News broadcasts frequently use the non-reflexive version when discussing court rulings or political outcomes.
Das Volk entschied sich bei der Wahl für einen Wechsel.
- Everyday Idioms
- 'Wer die Wahl hat, hat die Qual' is a common proverb often used when someone is struggling 'sich zu entscheiden'.
Es ist schwer, sich zwischen diesen zwei Optionen zu entscheiden.
One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is omitting the reflexive pronoun. In English, 'I decide' is complete. In German, 'Ich entscheide' sounds like you are a judge delivering a verdict. To say you've made a choice, you must say 'Ich entscheide mich'.
- Mistake 1: Missing Pronoun
- Wrong: 'Ich entscheide für Pizza.' Right: 'Ich entscheide mich für Pizza.'
Du musst dich jetzt entscheiden!
Another common error involves the preposition. Learners often use 'zu' (to) because of English 'decide to', but in German, you use 'für' (for) when choosing a noun, or a 'zu' + infinitive clause when choosing an action. Never use 'zu' before a noun with this verb.
Er hat sich falsch entschieden.
- Mistake 2: Wrong Preposition
- Wrong: 'Ich entscheide mich zu das Auto.' Right: 'Ich entscheide mich für das Auto.'
German has several words for 'deciding', and choosing the right one depends on the context. 'Sich entscheiden' is the most general and common. However, you should also know 'beschließen', 'festlegen', and 'entschließen'.
- sich entscheiden vs. beschließen
- 'Sich entscheiden' is about choosing between options. 'Beschließen' is about making a firm resolution or a formal decision (often in a group).
- sich entscheiden vs. sich entschließen
- 'Sich entschließen' is more formal and often implies overcoming hesitation to finally take an action.
Wir haben beschlossen, das Haus zu verkaufen. (Firm resolution)
Ich habe mich entschlossen, zu kündigen. (Final, heavy decision)
- festlegen
- This means to 'fix' or 'set' something, like a date or a rule. 'Wir müssen einen Termin festlegen.'
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
Reflexive Pronouns
Accusative Case
Strong Verbs (Class 1)
Infinitive with 'zu'
Prepositional Objects
レベル別の例文
Ich entscheide mich jetzt.
I am deciding now.
Present tense, reflexive.
Kannst du dich entscheiden?
Can you decide?
Question with modal verb 'können'.
Er entscheidet sich für den Apfel.
He decides on the apple.
Preposition 'für' + Accusative.
Wir entscheiden uns schnell.
We decide quickly.
Reflexive 'uns'.
Entscheide dich!
Decide!
Imperative form.
Ich kann mich nicht entscheiden.
I can't decide.
Negation with 'nicht'.
Was entscheidest du?
What do you decide?
Interrogative pronoun 'was'.
Sie entscheiden sich für das Haus.
They decide on the house.
Plural subject.
Ich habe mich für das rote Auto entschieden.
I decided on the red car.
Perfect tense.
Hast du dich schon entschieden?
Have you decided yet?
Perfect tense question.
Wir haben uns gegen die Reise entschieden.
We decided against the trip.
Preposition 'gegen' + Accusative.
Warum hast du dich so entschieden?
Why did you decide that way?
Adverb 'so' with perfect tense.
Sie hat sich für einen Hund entschieden.
She decided on a dog.
Perfect tense, feminine subject.
Ihr müsst euch bald entscheiden.
You all must decide soon.
Modal verb 'müssen' + reflexive.
Ich entscheide mich für diesen Weg.
I decide on this path.
Demonstrative 'diesen'.
Entscheidet euch bitte!
Please decide (you all)!
Imperative plural.
Ich entschied mich, Deutsch zu lernen.
I decided to learn German.
Präteritum + infinitive clause.
Sie haben sich dazu entschieden, ein Haus zu bauen.
They decided to build a house.
Da-compound 'dazu' + infinitive clause.
Nach langem Überlegen entschied er sich.
After long consideration, he decided.
Temporal phrase + Präteritum.
Wir konnten uns nicht zwischen den beiden Optionen entscheiden.
We couldn't decide between the two options.
Preposition 'zwischen' + Dative.
Hast du dich endlich für einen Beruf entschieden?
Have you finally decided on a profession?
Perfect tense with 'endlich'.
Es ist wichtig, sich richtig zu entscheiden.
It is important to decide correctly.
Infinitive construction with 'es ist'.
Sie entschied sich für die sicherere Variante.
She decided on the safer variant.
Comparative adjective.
Ich würde mich für das blaue Kleid entscheiden.
I would decide on the blue dress.
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II).
Das Gericht entschied gegen den Angeklagten.
The court decided against the defendant.
Non-reflexive use (authority).
Ich habe mich schweren Herzens dazu entschieden.
I decided on it with a heavy heart.
Idiomatic expression 'schweren Herzens'.
Man muss sich für eine Seite entscheiden.
One must decide on a side.
Impersonal 'man'.
Die Firma hat sich für eine neue Strategie entschieden.
The company decided on a new strategy.
Collective noun subject.
Es fällt mir schwer, mich zu entscheiden.
I find it hard to decide.
Phrase 'es fällt mir schwer'.
Wofür hast du dich letztendlich entschieden?
What did you decide on in the end?
Interrogative 'wofür'.
Wir haben uns gegen die Fusion entschieden.
We decided against the merger.
Business context.
Sie entschied sich spontan für den Kauf.
She decided spontaneously to buy.
Adverb 'spontan'.
Die Kommission hat über den Antrag zu entscheiden.
The commission has to decide on the application.
'haben zu' + infinitive (obligation).
Er entschied sich kurzerhand für den Rücktritt.
He decided to resign without further ado.
Adverb 'kurzerhand'.
Es obliegt dem Vorstand, sich zu entscheiden.
It is up to the board to decide.
Formal verb 'obliegen'.
Sich für das Richtige zu entscheiden, erfordert Mut.
Deciding for the right thing requires courage.
Gerund-like infinitive phrase as subject.
Die Wähler haben sich mehrheitlich für ihn entschieden.
The voters decided for him by a majority.
Adverb 'mehrheitlich'.
Ich habe mich nach reiflicher Überlegung dazu entschieden.
I decided on it after mature consideration.
Formal phrase 'nach reiflicher Überlegung'.
Man kann sich nicht gegen seine Natur entscheiden.
One cannot decide against one's nature.
Philosophical context.
Das Schicksal hat bereits über uns entschieden.
Fate has already decided about us.
Metaphorical use.
In jener prekären Lage entschied er sich für das kleinere Übel.
In that precarious situation, he opted for the lesser of two evils.
Literary register, 'das kleinere Übel'.
Die Nuancen, für die sie sich entschied, waren subtil.
The nuances she chose were subtle.
Relative clause with preposition.
Es ist ein Trugschluss zu glauben, man könne sich gegen den Fortschritt entscheiden.
It is a fallacy to believe one could decide against progress.
Subjunctive I (Konjunktiv I).
Sollte er sich für den Widerstand entscheiden, wäre alles verloren.
Should he decide for resistance, all would be lost.
Inverted conditional clause.
Die Art und Weise, wie er sich entschied, zeugte von Charakterstärke.
The way he decided bore witness to strength of character.
Complex noun phrase.
Man entschied sich einvernehmlich für eine Vertagung.
They decided unanimously on an adjournment.
Adverb 'einvernehmlich'.
Sich gegen die Konventionen zu entscheiden, war ihr Lebensziel.
To decide against conventions was her life's goal.
Infinitive phrase as subject.
Die Geschichte wird darüber entscheiden, wer im Recht war.
History will decide who was in the right.
Future tense, metaphorical.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Mandatory for personal choices.
Used for formal judgments.
- Omitting the reflexive pronoun.
- Using the wrong past participle (geentscheidet).
- Using 'zu' instead of 'für' with nouns.
- Confusing 'sich entscheiden' with 'beschließen'.
- Incorrect vowel shift in the past tense.
ヒント
Reflexive Check
Always check if your subject and reflexive pronoun match (Ich -> mich, Du -> dich).
Noun Form
Learn 'die Entscheidung' alongside the verb to expand your range.
Strong Verb Vowels
Remember the 'ei' to 'ie' shift: entscheiden -> entschied.
Restaurant Hack
When the waiter comes, say 'Ich habe mich noch nicht entschieden' if you need more time.
Comma Rule
Always put a comma before an infinitive clause starting with 'zu'.
Speed
Don't rush the reflexive pronoun; it's a small word but vital for meaning.
Context Clues
If you hear 'für', a choice is being made. If you hear 'gegen', a rejection is happening.
Directness
In Germany, being 'entscheidungsfreudig' is seen as a positive leadership trait.
Visualization
Imagine yourself standing between two doors and walking through one.
Subjunctive
Use 'Ich würde mich... entscheiden' to sound more polite when giving advice.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Decide to 'SHY' (schei) away from the other options.
語源
文化的な背景
The 'Wahlomat' is a popular tool to help Germans 'sich entscheiden' during elections.
Self-service is common, but asking for advice before 'sich entscheiden' is normal in boutiques.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"Wofür hast du dich entschieden?"
"Ist es schwer für dich, dich zu entscheiden?"
"Wie entscheidest du dich normalerweise?"
"Hast du dich schon für ein Urlaubsziel entschieden?"
"Würdest du dich heute anders entscheiden?"
日記のテーマ
Beschreibe eine wichtige Entscheidung in deinem Leben.
Warum ist es manchmal schwer, sich zu entscheiden?
Was hast du heute zum Frühstück entschieden?
Wie entscheidest du dich für ein neues Buch?
Was wäre eine Entscheidung, die du bereuen würdest?
よくある質問
10 問Only if you are a judge or making a formal ruling. For personal choices, use 'Ich entscheide mich'.
Use 'für' for what you want and 'gegen' for what you don't want.
No, it is a strong verb. The past participle is 'entschieden'.
No, use 'für' with nouns. 'Zu' is only for infinitive clauses.
'Wählen' is more like 'to select' or 'to vote'. 'Sich entscheiden' is the mental process of deciding.
The reflexive pronoun is in the Accusative case.
Ich habe mich entschieden zu gehen.
Yes, it can mean 'determined' or 'decided'.
It is the noun form, meaning 'the decision'.
No, that is incorrect. It must be 'mich'.
自分をテスト 180 問
Translate: I decided on the blue car.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: Can you decide?
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Write a sentence with 'sich entscheiden' and 'Pizza'.
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Translate: We decided to stay at home.
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Translate: Why did you decide against it?
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Write the Präteritum form for 'er'.
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Translate: It is hard to decide.
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Translate: Have you decided yet?
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Write a sentence using 'wofür'.
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Translate: I would decide differently.
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Write the imperative plural (ihr).
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Translate: She decided on a new job.
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Translate: They decided against the plan.
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Write a sentence with 'zwischen'.
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Translate: I can't decide.
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Translate: We are deciding now.
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Translate: He decided spontaneously.
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Translate: You must decide.
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Translate: I decided to learn German.
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Translate: Who decided that?
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Say: I decide on the pizza.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: Have you decided?
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: I can't decide.
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あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: We decided against the car.
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あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: Decide now!
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あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: I decided to learn German.
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あなたの回答:
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Say: Why did you decide that?
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: I would decide for the blue one.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
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Say: It's hard to decide.
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あなたの回答:
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Say: They decided for Berlin.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
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Say: I decided spontaneously.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: What do you decide?
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
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Say: We must decide.
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あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: He decided yesterday.
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あなたの回答:
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Say: I'm deciding between two things.
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あなたの回答:
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Say: Please decide (plural).
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あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: I decided against it.
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あなたの回答:
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Say: She decided for a dog.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: Who decided?
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Say: I'll decide later.
Read this aloud:
あなたの回答:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen and write: 'Ich entscheide mich für das rote Auto.'
Listen and write: 'Hast du dich schon entschieden?'
Listen and write: 'Wir haben uns gegen die Reise entschieden.'
Listen and write: 'Entscheide dich jetzt!'
Listen and write: 'Ich kann mich nicht entscheiden.'
Listen and write: 'Er hat sich für Informatik entschieden.'
Listen and write: 'Wofür hast du dich entschieden?'
Listen and write: 'Sie hat sich entschieden zu gehen.'
Listen and write: 'Es ist schwer sich zu entscheiden.'
Listen and write: 'Wir müssen uns bald entscheiden.'
Listen and write: 'Ich entschied mich für Berlin.'
Listen and write: 'Warum hast du dich dagegen entschieden?'
Listen and write: 'Ihr müsst euch jetzt entscheiden.'
Listen and write: 'Ich habe mich spontan entschieden.'
Listen and write: 'Wer hat das entschieden?'
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Always use the reflexive pronoun with 'sich entscheiden' to express a personal choice. Example: 'Ich entscheide mich für den Urlaub' (I decide on the vacation). Without the pronoun, it's usually for formal rulings.
- Reflexive verb meaning 'to decide' or 'to choose' between options.
- Requires an accusative reflexive pronoun (mich, dich, sich, etc.).
- Uses 'für' for positive choices and 'gegen' for negative ones.
- Irregular verb forms: entscheiden, entschied, hat entschieden.
Reflexive Check
Always check if your subject and reflexive pronoun match (Ich -> mich, Du -> dich).
Noun Form
Learn 'die Entscheidung' alongside the verb to expand your range.
Strong Verb Vowels
Remember the 'ei' to 'ie' shift: entscheiden -> entschied.
Restaurant Hack
When the waiter comes, say 'Ich habe mich noch nicht entschieden' if you need more time.
関連コンテンツ
generalの関連語
ab
A1〜から(時間・場所の起点)。「明日から休みです。」 (Ab morgen habe ich frei.)
abends
A2晩に / 毎晩。 '晩に本を読みます。'
aber
A1「aber」は英語の「but」にあたり、「しかし」や「でも」という意味です。
abgelegen
B1remote
ablehnen
A2申し出や招待を断る。彼はその申し出を断った。
abschließen
A2鍵をかける。卒業する、または契約を結ぶ(完了する)。
abseits
A2abseitsは、主要な場所や普段通る道から離れたところにあることを意味します。
acht
A1数字の8(はち)。
Achte
A18番目(序数)。
achten
A2(aufを伴って)〜に注意を払う、または(他動詞として)〜を尊敬する。