crudo 30秒で
- Crudo primarily means 'raw' or 'uncooked' in culinary contexts.
- It metaphorically describes 'harsh' or 'unfiltered' things like reality or winter.
- In Mexico, 'estar crudo' is a very common way to say 'to be hungover'.
- It refers to 'crude' or 'unrefined' materials like oil or silk.
The Spanish word crudo (and its feminine form cruda) is a versatile adjective that primarily describes something in its natural, unprocessed, or uncooked state. At the A2 level, you most frequently encounter it in the context of food and cooking. However, its utility extends far beyond the kitchen, touching upon metaphors for harshness, raw materials in industry, and even specific physical states in colloquial speech across different Spanish-speaking regions.
- The Culinary Core
- In a restaurant or kitchen, crudo refers to food that has not been heated or cooked. This can range from a healthy 'dieta de alimentos crudos' (raw food diet) to a complaint about a steak that was served undercooked. It is essential to remember that crudo must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For example, 'verduras crudas' (raw vegetables) or 'pescado crudo' (raw fish).
- Metaphorical Harshness
- When applied to abstract concepts like 'la realidad' (reality) or 'el invierno' (winter), crudo takes on the meaning of 'harsh,' 'bitter,' or 'unfiltered.' A 'crudo invierno' is a biting, severe winter, while 'la cruda realidad' refers to the cold, hard truth that lacks any sugar-coating or softening. This usage highlights the 'unprocessed' nature of the experience.
- Industrial and Material Context
- In economics and industry, crudo describes materials in their natural state before refinement. The most common example is 'petróleo crudo' (crude oil). It can also refer to 'seda cruda' (raw silk) or 'cuero crudo' (rawhide), indicating that the material has not yet undergone the chemical or mechanical processes that make it a finished product.
No puedo comer este pollo porque todavía está crudo en el centro.
Understanding the cultural weight of crudo involves recognizing its regional nuances. In Mexico and parts of Central America, crudo is the standard way to describe being hungover. If someone says 'Estoy crudo,' they aren't saying they are uncooked; they are suffering the after-effects of alcohol. In Spain, however, you would use the word 'resaca' for this condition, making crudo a potential point of confusion for learners traveling between continents.
El periodista describió la situación con un realismo muy crudo.
The term also appears in technical fields. For instance, in photography or digital media, 'formato crudo' is sometimes used as a literal translation for 'RAW format,' though many professionals simply use the English term. In every case, the underlying theme is the absence of processing, cooking, or refinement, leaving the subject in its most basic and often most difficult state.
Using crudo correctly requires attention to adjective agreement and placement. As a descriptive adjective, it usually follows the noun it modifies, though it can precede the noun for poetic or emphatic effect, particularly when describing weather or abstract concepts like 'cruda realidad'.
- Agreement Rules
- Since crudo ends in '-o', it has four forms:
1. Crudo (Masculine Singular): El filete crudo.
2. Cruda (Feminine Singular): La cebolla cruda.
3. Crudos (Masculine Plural): Los ingredientes crudos.
4. Crudas (Feminine Plural): Las zanahorias crudas.
Prefiero las verduras crudas porque tienen más vitaminas.
In the context of 'estar' vs 'ser', crudo is almost always used with estar when referring to the current state of food. 'El arroz está crudo' means the rice is currently uncooked (perhaps it needs more time on the stove). If you use 'ser', you are defining the nature of the thing, such as 'El sushi es pescado crudo' (Sushi is raw fish).
Esta mañana me siento muy crudo después de la fiesta de ayer.
When discussing materials, crudo acts as a classifier. 'Materia cruda' or 'materia prima' are used to describe raw materials. In these contexts, the word is stable and rarely moves from its position after the noun. In artistic or literary contexts, 'un estilo crudo' refers to a style that is direct, perhaps even blunt or shocking, lacking the 'polish' of more traditional works.
El informe presenta los datos crudos sin ningún análisis previo.
The environment in which you hear crudo significantly changes its meaning. From the bustling kitchens of Madrid to the social gatherings in Mexico City, the word adapts to its surroundings with remarkable flexibility.
- In the Kitchen and Restaurants
- Waiters and chefs use this word constantly. If you order a steak 'poco hecho' (rare) and it comes out virtually untouched by fire, you might say 'esto está crudo'. Conversely, if you are looking for healthy options, you might ask for 'vegetales crudos'. In the world of high-end gastronomy, 'crudo' has also become a noun (borrowed from Italian but used in Spanish) to describe a dish of thinly sliced raw fish or meat, similar to carpaccio.
- On the News and in Journalism
- News anchors often use the phrase 'la cruda realidad' to introduce difficult or tragic stories. This sets a serious tone, suggesting that the information following will be direct and potentially upsetting. You will also hear it in economic reports regarding the price of 'petróleo crudo' (crude oil), which is a major economic indicator in countries like Mexico, Venezuela, and Colombia.
- Social Contexts (Mexico)
- If you are in Mexico on a Sunday morning, you will undoubtedly hear '¡Qué crudo estoy!'. In this specific cultural context, it is the most common way to express having a hangover. Friends might offer 'chilaquiles' or a 'michelada' as a 'remedio para la cruda' (remedy for the hangover).
El precio del crudo ha bajado significativamente este mes.
In literary circles or film reviews, crudo describes works that do not shy away from violence or suffering. A 'película cruda' is one that portrays life as it is, without Hollywood endings or softened edges. This usage aligns with the English sense of a 'raw' performance or 'raw' footage.
Even for intermediate learners, crudo can present a few hurdles, primarily due to its multiple meanings and regional variations.
- Confusion with 'Raro'
- English speakers often want to use 'raro' to mean 'rare' (as in a steak). In Spanish, raro means 'strange' or 'weird'. If you want your steak rare, you should say 'poco hecho' or 'sangriento' (bloody), not 'crudo' (unless you literally want it uncooked) and definitely not 'raro'.
- Gender Agreement Errors
- Because crudo is an adjective, it must match the noun. A common mistake is saying 'la carne crudo' instead of 'la carne cruda'. Always look at the article (el/la) to determine the correct ending.
- Misusing 'Ser' and 'Estar'
- Using 'es crudo' when you mean 'está crudo' can change the meaning from 'it is currently uncooked/undercooked' to 'it is, by nature, a raw thing'. While both are grammatically possible, 'está' is the standard for reporting the state of food you are about to eat.
Incorrecto: *La ensalada tiene muchos vegetales cruda.*
Correcto: La ensalada tiene muchos vegetales crudos.
Another mistake involves the word 'crude' in English when referring to manners. If someone is being 'crude' (rude or vulgar), the Spanish word is usually 'grosero' or 'vulgar,' not crudo. Crudo is for things that are unrefined in a physical or existential sense, not necessarily in a social etiquette sense.
Depending on what you want to say, there are several alternatives to crudo that might provide more precision.
- Sin cocinar vs. Crudo
- Sin cocinar literally means 'without cooking'. It is often used in recipes or instructions. While crudo is a state, sin cocinar is a description of a process that hasn't happened. They are mostly interchangeable in culinary contexts.
- Fresco vs. Crudo
- Fresco means 'fresh'. While raw food is often fresh, not all fresh food is raw (e.g., freshly baked bread). Use fresco to emphasize quality and crudo to emphasize the lack of cooking.
- Áspero vs. Crudo
- When describing a 'raw' or 'harsh' personality or climate, áspero (rough/harsh) can be a good alternative. Crudo feels more existential (the harshness of life), while áspero feels more tactile or interpersonal (a rough surface or a rough person).
- Resacoso vs. Crudo
- In Spain, use resacoso or 'tener resaca' for hangovers. Crudo is regional slang in Mexico for this specific state.
El invierno en Siberia es extremadamente crudo.
In the context of 'naturalness,' you might use al natural. For example, 'atún al natural' usually refers to tuna canned in water rather than oil, but it can also imply a lack of heavy seasoning or processing, similar to the spirit of crudo.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The English word 'crude' (as in crude oil) shares the same Latin root as the Spanish 'crudo'.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r' (keep it tapped).
- Making the 'd' too hard (it should be soft between vowels).
- Pronouncing the 'o' as 'ow'.
- Forgetting to change the ending to 'cruda' for feminine nouns.
- Stressing the second syllable.
難易度
Easy to recognize because it looks like 'crude'.
Must remember gender and number agreement.
Soft 'd' and tapped 'r' require practice.
Clear sound, but context matters for meaning.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Adjective Agreement
La fruta (f) está cruda (f).
Placement of Adjectives
Un crudo invierno (emphatic) vs. Un pescado crudo (descriptive).
Ser vs Estar with Adjectives
El sushi ES pescado crudo (definition) vs. La sopa ESTÁ cruda (state).
Noun usage of Adjectives
El crudo (the crude oil).
Adverbs from Adjectives
Crudamente (harshly).
レベル別の例文
El pescado está crudo.
The fish is raw.
Masculine singular agreement.
No me gusta la carne cruda.
I don't like raw meat.
Feminine singular agreement.
¿Comes huevos crudos?
Do you eat raw eggs?
Masculine plural agreement.
La zanahoria está cruda.
The carrot is raw.
Feminine singular agreement.
Prefiero el sushi de salmón crudo.
I prefer raw salmon sushi.
Adjective follows the noun.
Este pan está crudo por dentro.
This bread is raw inside.
Use of 'está' for state.
Ella come espinacas crudas.
She eats raw spinach.
Feminine plural agreement.
El bistec está muy crudo.
The steak is very raw.
Adverb 'muy' modifying the adjective.
En México, si bebes mucho, mañana estarás crudo.
In Mexico, if you drink a lot, tomorrow you will be hungover.
Regional slang usage.
Es una ensalada de vegetales crudos.
It is a salad of raw vegetables.
Plural agreement.
La cruda realidad es que no hay dinero.
The harsh reality is that there is no money.
Metaphorical use.
El invierno aquí es muy crudo.
The winter here is very harsh.
Describing weather.
No cocines el brócoli, cómelo crudo.
Don't cook the broccoli, eat it raw.
Adjective used as a state.
Necesitamos seda cruda para el vestido.
We need raw silk for the dress.
Material description.
El artista usa un estilo muy crudo.
The artist uses a very raw style.
Describing artistic style.
La masa de la pizza aún está cruda.
The pizza dough is still raw.
Feminine singular 'masa'.
El petróleo crudo es la principal exportación del país.
Crude oil is the country's main export.
Economic terminology.
Sus palabras fueron crudas pero necesarias.
His words were harsh but necessary.
Plural feminine agreement with 'palabras'.
El documental muestra la vida en la calle de forma cruda.
The documentary shows life on the street in a raw way.
Adverbial phrase 'de forma cruda'.
Los datos crudos muestran una tendencia preocupante.
The raw data shows a worrying trend.
Technical usage.
Pasamos un crudo invierno en las montañas.
We spent a harsh winter in the mountains.
Adjective precedes the noun for emphasis.
El cuero crudo es difícil de trabajar.
Rawhide is difficult to work with.
Material context.
La película tiene escenas muy crudas de guerra.
The movie has very raw scenes of war.
Describing intensity.
Estar crudo es lo peor después de una boda.
Being hungover is the worst after a wedding.
Infinitive 'estar' + adjective.
El informe describe la situación con un realismo crudo.
The report describes the situation with raw realism.
Literary/Journalistic style.
Es preferible analizar los hechos crudos sin prejuicios.
It is preferable to analyze the raw facts without prejudice.
Abstract concept.
El crudo Brent subió de precio hoy.
Brent crude rose in price today.
Substantive use of 'el crudo'.
La novela es una crítica cruda a la sociedad moderna.
The novel is a raw critique of modern society.
Feminine agreement.
A pesar de la cruda competencia, logramos el contrato.
Despite the raw competition, we secured the contract.
Metaphorical harshness.
El tratamiento de la madera cruda requiere aceites especiales.
Treating raw wood requires special oils.
Industrial context.
No me vengas con excusas, dime la verdad cruda.
Don't come to me with excuses, tell me the raw truth.
Colloquial demand.
La fotografía capturó el momento de forma cruda y directa.
The photograph captured the moment in a raw and direct way.
Artistic description.
La narrativa se sumerge en la crudeza de la posguerra.
The narrative dives into the rawness of the post-war period.
Noun form 'crudeza' related to the word.
El crudo invierno demográfico amenaza el futuro de Europa.
The harsh demographic winter threatens the future of Europe.
High-level metaphorical use.
Se procesan miles de barriles de crudo diariamente.
Thousands of barrels of crude are processed daily.
Noun usage in industry.
La obra de Goya muestra una visión cruda de la condición humana.
Goya's work shows a raw vision of the human condition.
Art history context.
El análisis de los datos crudos reveló inconsistencias en el estudio.
The analysis of the raw data revealed inconsistencies in the study.
Scientific register.
Su testimonio fue una exposición cruda de los abusos sufridos.
Her testimony was a raw exposition of the abuses suffered.
Legal/Human rights context.
El autor evita el sentimentalismo con un lenguaje crudo.
The author avoids sentimentalism with raw language.
Stylistic analysis.
La cruda realidad de la economía sumergida es difícil de ignorar.
The raw reality of the shadow economy is hard to ignore.
Socio-economic context.
Lévi-Strauss exploró la dicotomía entre 'lo crudo y lo cocido'.
Lévi-Strauss explored the dichotomy between 'the raw and the cooked'.
Philosophical/Anthropological reference.
La volatilidad del mercado del crudo impacta en la geopolítica mundial.
The volatility of the crude market impacts world geopolitics.
Advanced political discourse.
La película prescinde de artificios para ofrecer un relato crudo y descarnado.
The film dispenses with artifices to offer a raw and stark tale.
High-level film criticism.
La crudeza existencial de sus poemas resuena en el lector contemporáneo.
The existential rawness of his poems resonates with the contemporary reader.
Literary theory.
El informe presenta una cruda radiografía de la desigualdad social.
The report presents a raw x-ray of social inequality.
Metaphorical 'radiografía'.
No hay espacio para el optimismo ante tan cruda perspectiva.
There is no room for optimism in the face of such a raw prospect.
Nuanced emotional tone.
La materia cruda del lenguaje se transforma en arte en sus manos.
The raw material of language transforms into art in his hands.
Metaphorical 'materia cruda'.
La cruda aplicación de la ley sin equidad puede resultar en injusticia.
The raw application of the law without equity can result in injustice.
Legal philosophy.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— In Mexico, to have a hangover. In other places, to be underprepared.
Mañana voy a estar muy crudo.
— The harsh truth without any softening. Used to introduce bad news.
La cruda realidad es que perdimos.
— In cooking, when something is barely cooked or rare.
Me gusta el filete a punto crudo.
— Without any processing or analysis. Often used for data or video.
Pásame los videos en crudo.
— To see a situation as very difficult or unlikely to succeed.
Lo veo crudo para aprobar el examen.
— A personality that is blunt, direct, and perhaps a bit harsh.
Tiene un carácter crudo pero honesto.
よく混同される語
English speakers use 'rare' for meat, but 'raro' in Spanish means 'strange'.
English 'crude' (rude) is 'grosero', not 'crudo'.
Means 'bloody'. A steak can be 'sangriento' but not necessarily 'crudo'.
慣用句と表現
— To go through a very difficult or tough time.
Durante la crisis, las pasamos crudas.
informal— To be unprepared or not yet ready for a specific task.
Todavía estás crudo para ese puesto de jefe.
informal— When a situation becomes difficult, violent, or intense.
La discusión se puso cruda.
informal— To defeat someone easily or to be very angry with someone.
Si lo encuentro, me lo como crudo.
informal— Something that is stark, harsh, and without decoration.
Es el capitalismo crudo y duro.
neutral— In Mexico, to give someone something to help with a hangover.
Toma este caldo para tu cruda.
slang— To remain unfinished or not fully understood.
El proyecto se quedó crudo.
neutral— A style of representation that shows the harshest parts of life.
La novela destaca por su realismo crudo.
literary— As raw as life itself; very realistic.
Es un relato tan crudo como la vida misma.
neutral間違えやすい
Opposite of crudo.
Cocido means cooked or boiled; crudo means raw.
Prefiero el jamón cocido al crudo.
Both used for fresh food.
Fresco means new/fresh; crudo means uncooked.
Este pescado fresco se puede comer crudo.
Both mean harsh.
Áspero is more about texture or personality; crudo is more about state or reality.
La lija es áspera; la verdad es cruda.
Related to fruit state.
Maduro is ripe; crudo is not used for ripeness (use 'verde' instead).
El plátano está verde (not crudo).
Synonym for the Mexican 'cruda'.
Resaca is universal; cruda is Mexican slang.
En España dicen resaca, en México cruda.
文型パターン
[Noun] está crudo/a.
El huevo está crudo.
No me gusta el/la [Noun] crudo/a.
No me gusta la cebolla cruda.
Es una [Noun] cruda.
Es una realidad cruda.
Un [Noun] crudo.
Un crudo invierno.
Los datos crudos indican que...
Los datos crudos indican que el paro sube.
De forma cruda.
Lo explicó de forma cruda.
La crudeza de [Noun].
La crudeza de la guerra.
Lo crudo y lo [Opposite].
Lo crudo y lo cocido.
語族
名詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very high in both daily conversation and news.
-
El carne crudo
→
La carne cruda
Carne is feminine, so the adjective must be cruda.
-
Estoy crudo (in Spain)
→
Tengo resaca
In Spain, 'estoy crudo' sounds like you are uncooked meat.
-
Un filete raro
→
Un filete poco hecho
Raro means strange, not rare (meat).
-
Petróleo cruda
→
Petróleo crudo
Petróleo is masculine.
-
La verdad es crudo
→
La verdad es cruda
Verdad is feminine.
ヒント
Check the Noun
Always match 'crudo' to the gender and number of the food you are talking about.
Mexico Slang
Use 'estoy crudo' in Mexico after a night of partying to sound like a local.
Beyond Food
Remember 'la cruda realidad' for describing difficult truths.
In the Kitchen
Use 'está crudo' to tell the chef your food needs more time.
Soft D
The 'd' in 'crudo' is very soft, almost like the 'th' in 'weather'.
Winter
Use 'un crudo invierno' to describe very severe cold.
Oil
In news, 'el crudo' almost always refers to petroleum.
False Friends
Don't confuse 'crudo' with English 'crude' when talking about manners.
Ser vs Estar
Use 'estar crudo' for the temporary state of being uncooked.
Alternatives
Use 'sin cocinar' if you want to be more literal about the process.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'CRUcial' + 'DO' - it is CRUcial to DO more cooking if the food is still CRUDO.
視覚的連想
Imagine a bright red, cold steak next to a snowy, biting winter wind. Both are 'crudo'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'crudo' in three different ways today: once for food, once for the weather, and once for a difficult truth.
語源
From the Latin 'crudus', which means 'raw', 'bloody', or 'unprocessed'. It is related to the word 'cruor' (blood).
元の意味： Uncooked or bleeding.
Indo-European (Italic -> Romance).文化的な背景
In Mexico, 'crudo' is informal. In a very formal business meeting, use 'resaca' if you must mention a hangover.
English speakers often use 'raw' for data and food, but 'harsh' for weather. Spanish uses 'crudo' for both.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Restaurant
- Está crudo
- Poco hecho
- Vegetales crudos
- No me gusta crudo
Weather
- Invierno crudo
- Frío crudo
- Clima crudo
- Hace un día crudo
Mexico Social
- Estoy crudo
- Para la cruda
- Ando crudo
- Qué cruda
Business/Economy
- Precio del crudo
- Barril de crudo
- Materia cruda
- Datos crudos
Literature/Art
- Estilo crudo
- Realismo crudo
- Obra cruda
- Visión cruda
会話のきっかけ
"¿Prefieres las verduras cocinadas o crudas?"
"¿Alguna vez has comido carne cruda, como el steak tartar?"
"¿Cómo es el invierno en tu país? ¿Es muy crudo?"
"En tu opinión, ¿es mejor decir la cruda realidad o una mentira piadosa?"
"Si estuvieras muy crudo (al estilo mexicano), ¿qué comida pedirías?"
日記のテーマ
Describe un plato que te guste que contenga ingredientes crudos.
Escribe sobre una 'cruda realidad' que hayas tenido que aceptar recientemente.
¿Cómo te preparas para un invierno crudo? Describe tu rutina.
Relata una experiencia donde algo que compraste estaba 'crudo' y tuviste que devolverlo.
Investiga por qué el petróleo se llama 'crudo' y escribe tus hallazgos.
よくある質問
10 問No, 'rara' significa 'strange'. Debes decir 'poco hecha' o 'cruda' si realmente no está cocinada.
No. El sushi es 'pescado crudo' y es muy popular. También los 'vegetales crudos' son saludables.
Se dice 'petróleo crudo' o simplemente 'el crudo' en contextos económicos.
No es común. En España se dice 'estar de resaca' o 'tener resaca'.
Es una expresión que significa que algo va a ser muy difícil de conseguir o solucionar.
'Crudo' es para cosas que se cocinan. 'Verde' es para frutas que no han madurado.
Generalmente no. Usa 'grosero' o 'vulgar'. 'Crudo' es más para un estilo o una verdad.
Se dice 'datos crudos' o 'datos en bruto'.
Sí, en México 'la cruda' es el sustantivo para 'the hangover'.
Sí, 'crudos' para masculino plural y 'crudas' para femenino plural.
自分をテスト 180 問
Translate: 'The meat is raw.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'I eat raw vegetables.'
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Translate: 'The harsh reality is this.'
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Translate (Mexico): 'I am hungover today.'
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Translate: 'It was a harsh winter.'
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Translate: 'We need raw data.'
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Translate: 'The price of crude oil fell.'
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Translate: 'The steak is undercooked (raw).'
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Translate: 'She likes raw silk.'
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Translate: 'They are going through a hard time (idiom).'
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Write a sentence using 'pescado crudo'.
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Write a sentence using 'cruda realidad'.
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Write a sentence using 'invierno crudo'.
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Write a sentence using 'estar crudo' (Mexico).
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Write a sentence using 'datos crudos'.
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Write a sentence using 'materia cruda'.
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Write a sentence using 'huevo crudo'.
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Write a sentence using 'estilo crudo'.
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Write a sentence using 'verlo crudo'.
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Write a sentence using 'crudeza'.
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Describe what you would do if you were served raw chicken in a restaurant.
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Tell a story about a very harsh winter you experienced.
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Explain the difference between 'crudo' and 'cocinado' using examples.
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Discuss the pros and cons of a raw food diet (dieta de alimentos crudos).
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In your opinion, why is the truth often called 'la cruda realidad'?
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If you were in Mexico, how would you ask for a hangover cure?
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Describe a movie or book that has a 'crudo' style.
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Explain why crude oil (petróleo crudo) is important for the economy.
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How do you feel when you have to face a 'cruda realidad'?
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Do you prefer raw or cooked carrots? Why?
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Talk about a time you saw something you 'veías crudo' but eventually achieved.
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Describe the texture and taste of raw fish (sushi).
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What are some materials that are used 'en crudo' in art?
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How does weather affect your mood when it is 'un invierno crudo'?
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Give advice to someone who is 'crudo' (Mexican sense).
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Discuss the importance of analyzing 'datos crudos' in science.
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Translate and explain: 'Pasarlas crudas'.
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Why is rawhide (cuero crudo) used for some products instead of treated leather?
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Tell a joke or a short story involving a raw egg.
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Summarize the different meanings of 'crudo' you learned today.
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Listen and identify: Is the speaker complaining about food or the weather? (Audio: '¡Qué frío! Este invierno está siendo muy crudo.')
Listen and identify: What is wrong with the rice? (Audio: 'El arroz todavía está un poco crudo, necesita cinco minutos más.')
Listen and identify: Where is the speaker? (Audio: '¡Híjole! Estoy bien crudo, necesito unos chilaquiles.')
Listen and identify: What is the topic? (Audio: 'La OPEP decidió reducir la producción de crudo.')
Listen and identify: How does the speaker feel about the news? (Audio: 'Fue una sorpresa cruda, pero teníamos que saberlo.')
Listen and transcribe: 'No me gusta la carne cruda.'
Listen and transcribe: 'Es la cruda realidad.'
Listen and identify the gender: (Audio: 'Las verduras crudas.')
Listen and identify the noun: (Audio: 'El petróleo crudo.')
Listen and identify the state: (Audio: 'Los huevos están crudos.')
Listen and answer: Does the speaker like the movie? (Audio: 'La película es demasiado cruda para mi gusto, mucha violencia.')
Listen and answer: What does the person need? (Audio: 'Pásame los datos en crudo, por favor.')
Listen and identify the season: (Audio: 'Fue el invierno más crudo de la década.')
Listen and transcribe: 'Estoy crudo hoy.'
Listen and identify: Is the food ready? (Audio: 'La masa aún está cruda.')
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'crudo' is essential for daily life in Spain and Latin America, moving from the kitchen (raw food) to the weather (harsh winters) and into social slang (hangover in Mexico). Example: 'La carne está cruda' (The meat is raw).
- Crudo primarily means 'raw' or 'uncooked' in culinary contexts.
- It metaphorically describes 'harsh' or 'unfiltered' things like reality or winter.
- In Mexico, 'estar crudo' is a very common way to say 'to be hungover'.
- It refers to 'crude' or 'unrefined' materials like oil or silk.
Check the Noun
Always match 'crudo' to the gender and number of the food you are talking about.
Mexico Slang
Use 'estoy crudo' in Mexico after a night of partying to sound like a local.
Beyond Food
Remember 'la cruda realidad' for describing difficult truths.
In the Kitchen
Use 'está crudo' to tell the chef your food needs more time.
例文
No me gusta comer pescado crudo.
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ácido
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aderezar
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B1サラダドレッシングなどの食べ物の調味料。
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agridulce
B1甘酸っぱい味のことです。
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A1Sour.
