deudor 30秒で
- A 'deudor' is someone who owes money.
- They have a financial obligation to someone else.
- Think of them as the person who needs to pay back a loan.
- The opposite is an 'acreedor' (creditor).
- Core Meaning
- A 'deudor' is a person or entity that owes money or has a financial obligation to another party. This is a fundamental concept in finance, law, and everyday financial transactions.
- Contexts
- You'll encounter this term in various situations. In personal finance, it refers to someone who has taken out a loan, like a mortgage or a car loan. In business, a company that hasn't paid its suppliers is a deudor. In legal contexts, a deudor is someone bound by a debt agreement. The opposite of a deudor is a 'acreedor' (creditor), the one to whom the money is owed.
- Nuances
- The term 'deudor' can be used in both formal and informal settings, though its precise legal or financial implications are usually discussed in more formal contexts. It's important to understand who is the deudor and who is the acreedor in any financial arrangement to avoid confusion and ensure clarity. The obligation of a deudor can range from small personal debts to large corporate liabilities.
El banco reclama el pago al deudor moroso.
Cada ciudadano es un deudor potencial de impuestos.
- Financial Transactions
- In financial transactions, the concept of a deudor is central. When you take out a loan, you become the deudor, legally obligated to repay the amount borrowed, plus any interest, to the acreedor. This applies to everything from credit card debt to student loans and mortgages. Businesses also engage in these transactions, often acting as deudores when they purchase goods or services on credit from their suppliers.
- Legal Implications
- Legally, being a deudor means you have a responsibility under contract law. Failure to meet your obligations as a deudor can lead to legal consequences, such as lawsuits, wage garnishment, or liens on property. Understanding your rights and responsibilities as a deudor is essential to managing your financial health and avoiding legal complications. The legal framework surrounding debt is designed to protect both the acreedor and, to some extent, the deudor by establishing clear procedures for repayment and default.
- Everyday Language
- Even in everyday conversations, people might refer to themselves or others as a 'deudor' when talking about money they owe. For example, someone might say, 'Soy deudor de mi amigo por la cena de anoche' (I owe my friend for last night's dinner). While this is a less formal use, it still conveys the core meaning of owing something. The term is widely understood and used across Spanish-speaking countries.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- The most straightforward way to use 'deudor' is to identify someone or something as owing money. This often involves verbs like 'ser' (to be) or 'convertirse en' (to become). For example, 'Él es el deudor principal' (He is the main debtor). You can also use it to describe the state of owing: 'La empresa se encuentra en situación de deudor' (The company is in a debtor situation).
- With Financial Verbs
- 'Deudor' pairs naturally with verbs related to finance and debt. Consider sentences like: 'El deudor no ha pagado la cuota' (The debtor has not paid the installment). Or, 'Hemos identificado al deudor de la factura pendiente' (We have identified the debtor of the pending invoice). The verb 'tener' (to have) can also be used: 'El deudor tiene la obligación de pagar' (The debtor has the obligation to pay).
- Describing Debtors
- You can add adjectives to describe the deudor, such as 'moroso' (defaulting), 'incumplidor' (non-compliant), or 'solvent' (solvent, though this is less common as a direct descriptor of a deudor, more of their ability to pay). For instance: 'El deudor moroso enfrenta consecuencias legales' (The defaulting debtor faces legal consequences). 'Se busca al deudor para resolver la deuda' (The debtor is being sought to resolve the debt).
- Plural Forms
- Remember that 'deudor' is a noun and has a plural form: 'deudores'. This is used when referring to multiple individuals or entities who owe money. Examples include: 'Los deudores deben presentar un plan de pagos' (The debtors must present a payment plan). 'La lista de deudores es extensa' (The list of debtors is extensive).
- In Compound Phrases
- 'Deudor' can be part of more complex phrases, often related to accounting or legal documents. For example, 'estado de deudor' (debtor status) or 'relación de deudores' (list of debtors). A common phrase is 'deudor solidario,' meaning a joint debtor who is liable for the entire debt along with others.
El deudor recibió una notificación de pago.
Los deudores tienen hasta fin de mes para regularizar su situación.
- Financial News and Reports
- In news segments discussing the economy, stock markets, or company performance, you'll frequently hear about 'deudores'. For example, a financial analyst might say, 'Los deudores corporativos están bajo presión debido a las altas tasas de interés' (Corporate debtors are under pressure due to high interest rates). This is a very common context for the word.
- Legal and Court Proceedings
- In courtrooms, legal dramas, or discussions about debt collection, 'deudor' is a standard term. A lawyer might state, 'Nuestro cliente busca recuperar los fondos del deudor principal' (Our client seeks to recover funds from the principal debtor). This context emphasizes the legal obligations associated with owing money.
- Personal Finance Advice
- When financial advisors or banks discuss loans, credit, and debt management, they use 'deudor'. For instance, a financial advisor might explain, 'Es importante que el deudor comprenda los términos de su hipoteca' (It is important that the debtor understands the terms of their mortgage). This context is relatable to anyone managing personal finances.
- Business Transactions
- In the business world, particularly in accounting and sales departments, 'deudor' is used daily. An accountant might refer to 'la cuenta del deudor' (the debtor's account) or 'el saldo deudor' (the debit balance, implying money owed). Discussions about accounts receivable heavily involve this term.
- Everyday Conversations (Less Formal)
- While less frequent in very casual chat, you might hear it when people discuss owing money to friends or family, especially if the amount is significant or the situation is being treated somewhat formally. For example, 'Me siento como un deudor por no haber devuelto el libro todavía' (I feel like a debtor for not having returned the book yet).
El noticiero económico informó sobre el aumento de deudores hipotecarios.
En el juicio, se discutió la capacidad del deudor para pagar.
- Confusing with 'Acreedor'
- The most frequent error is confusing 'deudor' (debtor) with 'acreedor' (creditor). A deudor is the one who owes, while an acreedor is the one who is owed. For example, saying 'El acreedor no pagó la deuda' is incorrect; it should be 'El deudor no pagó la deuda'. Always remember: Deudor = Owes, Acreedor = Is Owed.
- Incorrect Gender Agreement
- 'Deudor' is a noun that can refer to a male or a female person. While the masculine form 'deudor' is often used generically, if you are specifically referring to a female, you should use 'deedora'. However, in many formal and financial contexts, the masculine form is used even when referring to a mixed group or a single female. The adjective form follows standard gender agreement: 'una persona deudora' (a debtor person) vs. 'un deudor' (a male debtor). The noun itself is 'deudor' for singular and 'deudores' for plural, regardless of gender in many standard uses.
- Using it as an Adjective Incorrectly
- 'Deudor' is primarily a noun. While it can sometimes function adjectivally (e.g., 'saldo deudor' - debit balance), directly using it to describe a person's characteristic might be less common than using related phrases. For instance, instead of saying 'Él es deudor', it's more common to say 'Él es un deudor' or 'Él tiene deudas'. When used as an adjective, it must agree in gender and number: 'las cuentas deudoras' (the debtor accounts).
- Overgeneralization in Informal Contexts
- While 'deudor' can be used informally to mean 'owing someone', overusing it might sound overly formal or even slightly dramatic in very casual settings. For instance, saying 'Soy un gran deudor' for owing someone a small favor might be a bit much. Simpler phrases like 'Te debo' (I owe you) are more common for minor debts.
- Misunderstanding 'Saldo Deudor'
- In accounting, 'saldo deudor' refers to a debit balance, meaning the company is owed money (an asset or expense). This can be confusing because the term 'deudor' itself refers to someone who owes. So, a 'saldo deudor' indicates a positive balance for the entity itself, meaning it is owed money, not that it owes money. It's crucial to distinguish between the person/entity who is the 'deudor' and the accounting term 'saldo deudor'.
Incorrecto: El acreedor no pagó la factura.
Correcto: El deudor no pagó la factura.
Incorrecto: Ella es deudor. (When referring to a female)
Correcto: Ella es una deudora.
- Acreedor (Creditor)
- This is the direct antonym and most important related word. 'Acreedor' is the person or entity to whom a debt is owed.
Example: 'El deudor pagó su deuda al acreedor.' (The debtor paid his debt to the creditor.) - Obligado (Obligated Party)
- A more general term for someone who has an obligation, which can be financial or otherwise. A 'deudor' is a specific type of 'obligado' in a financial context.
Example: 'El deudor es el principal obligado en este contrato.' (The debtor is the main obligated party in this contract.) - Prestatario (Borrower)
- This term specifically refers to someone who has borrowed money, often from a bank or financial institution. A 'prestatario' is a type of 'deudor'.
Example: 'El deudor del préstamo estudiantil es un prestatario.' (The debtor of the student loan is a borrower.) - Moroso (Defaulter)
- This describes a deudor who has failed to make payments on time. It's a descriptor of a deudor's status.
Example: 'El deudor se convirtió en moroso tras no pagar tres cuotas.' (The debtor became a defaulter after not paying three installments.) - Deudor Solidario (Joint Debtor)
- This refers to one of several people who are all responsible for the same debt.
Example: 'Ambos firmaron como deudores solidarios del crédito.' (Both signed as joint debtors of the credit.) - Tener Deudas (To Have Debts)
- A common phrase that describes the state of being a deudor without necessarily using the noun itself.
Example: 'Él tiene muchas deudas, por lo que es un deudor frecuente.' (He has many debts, so he is a frequent debtor.)
El deudor se enfrenta a un acreedor muy estricto.
Ser prestatario implica ser un deudor.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The root 'deb-' in 'deudor' and 'deber' is related to the English word 'debt' and 'due'. It signifies something that is owed or ought to be done. The concept of owing and owing money has been fundamental to human societies for millennia, and the term reflects this ancient practice.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'd' as a hard 'd' instead of a soft 'th' sound (UK English).
- Incorrect vowel sound in the first syllable.
- Misplacing stress on the first syllable.
難易度
CEFR B1. The word 'deudor' is commonly found in B1 level texts related to personal finance, basic economics, and everyday obligations. While it's not an everyday word for casual conversation, it's frequent enough in informational texts at this level.
CEFR B1. Learners at this level can use 'deudor' correctly in writing when discussing financial matters, personal obligations, or business scenarios. It requires understanding the context of owing money.
CEFR B1. Learners can use 'deudor' in spoken Spanish when the topic naturally arises, such as discussing loans, bills, or owing money. It's less likely to come up in spontaneous, non-financial conversations.
CEFR B1. Learners should be able to recognize and understand 'deudor' when heard in contexts related to finance, news, or discussions about money owed.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Noun-Adjective Agreement
El deudor (masculine singular) es responsable. La deudora (feminine singular) también lo es. Los deudores (masculine plural) deben pagar.
Pluralization of Nouns
The plural of 'deudor' is 'deudores'. This is formed by adding 'es' because the word ends in a consonant.
Use of Articles with Nouns
We use 'el' or 'un' with 'deudor' depending on specificity: 'El deudor pagó' (The specific debtor paid) vs. 'Un deudor llamó' (A debtor called).
Verb Conjugation with 'Deudor'
The verb 'deber' (to owe) is conjugated based on the subject, who can be a 'deudor': 'Yo debo', 'Él debe.'
Prepositional Phrases
Common phrases include 'deudor de' (debtor of): 'Él es deudor de su amigo por la cena.'
レベル別の例文
Yo te doy un euro.
I give you one euro.
Simple present tense 'dar'.
Tú me debes un euro.
You owe me one euro.
Introduction of 'deber' (to owe) in the second person singular.
Yo pago.
I pay.
Simple present tense 'pagar'.
Tú tienes mi libro.
You have my book.
Possession using 'tener'.
Yo quiero mi libro.
I want my book.
Desire using 'querer'.
Ella me da dinero.
She gives me money.
Third person singular of 'dar'.
Yo necesito el dinero.
I need the money.
Expressing need with 'necesitar'.
Él tiene que pagar.
He has to pay.
Expressing obligation with 'tener que'.
Le debo cinco euros a mi amigo.
I owe five euros to my friend.
Using 'deber' with an indirect object pronoun and a sum of money.
Tengo que pagar la cuenta del restaurante.
I have to pay the restaurant bill.
Expressing obligation for a specific bill.
Ella compró un regalo y ahora tiene que pagarlo.
She bought a gift and now has to pay for it.
Using 'tener que' with a direct object pronoun.
El niño devolvió el juguete que tomó prestado.
The boy returned the toy he borrowed.
Using 'devolver' and past participle of 'tomar prestado'.
Mi hermana me prestó dinero para el cine.
My sister lent me money for the cinema.
Using 'prestar' (to lend).
Yo soy el que debe el dinero.
I am the one who owes the money.
Using 'ser el que' to identify someone's role.
Ellos deben pagar la entrada.
They must pay the entrance fee.
Plural form of 'deber'.
Tengo una deuda pequeña con mi vecino.
I have a small debt with my neighbor.
Introduction of the noun 'deuda' (debt).
Como deudor principal, él es responsable de todo el monto.
As the main debtor, he is responsible for the entire amount.
Using 'deudor' as a noun, specifying 'principal'.
La empresa tiene muchos deudores que no han pagado sus facturas.
The company has many debtors who have not paid their invoices.
Plural form 'deudores' in a business context.
Debes ser diligente y pagar tus deudas a tiempo para no convertirte en un deudor moroso.
You must be diligent and pay your debts on time to avoid becoming a defaulting debtor.
'Deudor' used with an adjective 'moroso' (defaulting).
El banco analizará tu historial como deudor antes de aprobar el crédito.
The bank will analyze your history as a debtor before approving the credit.
'Deudor' used after 'como' to describe a role.
Los deudores de impuestos enfrentan sanciones severas.
Tax debtors face severe penalties.
Specific type of debtor: tax debtor.
Se llegó a un acuerdo con el deudor para un plan de pagos extendido.
An agreement was reached with the debtor for an extended payment plan.
Negotiation context involving a debtor.
La agencia de cobros contactó al deudor para resolver la situación.
The collection agency contacted the debtor to resolve the situation.
Involvement of a collection agency.
Él es un deudor frecuente de sus amigos.
He is a frequent debtor to his friends.
Informal use describing a habit of owing.
El informe financiero detalla la cantidad de deudores y el valor total de la deuda pendiente.
The financial report details the number of debtors and the total value of the outstanding debt.
Usage in formal financial reporting.
La reestructuración de la deuda busca aliviar la carga sobre los deudores corporativos.
The debt restructuring seeks to alleviate the burden on corporate debtors.
Context of corporate finance and debt restructuring.
Un deudor solidario es responsable de la totalidad de la deuda, no solo de su parte.
A joint debtor is responsible for the entirety of the debt, not just their share.
Explanation of 'deudor solidario' (joint debtor).
Las políticas de crédito evalúan la solvencia del potencial deudor.
Credit policies evaluate the solvency of the potential debtor.
Role of 'deudor' in credit assessment.
El estado de deudor puede afectar negativamente la calificación crediticia.
The debtor status can negatively affect the credit rating.
Consequences of being a debtor on credit rating.
Se investiga si el deudor actuó de mala fe al contraer la obligación.
It is being investigated whether the debtor acted in bad faith when contracting the obligation.
Legal context concerning intent and obligation.
La quiebra de la empresa dejó a muchos deudores en una situación precaria.
The company's bankruptcy left many debtors in a precarious situation.
Impact of business failure on debtors.
El término 'saldo deudor' en contabilidad se refiere a un balance positivo para la entidad.
The term 'debit balance' in accounting refers to a positive balance for the entity.
Distinction between 'deudor' (person) and 'saldo deudor' (accounting term).
La política monetaria busca estimular la economía reduciendo la carga para los deudores hipotecarios.
Monetary policy seeks to stimulate the economy by reducing the burden on mortgage debtors.
Interaction of monetary policy and mortgage debtors.
El análisis de riesgo crediticio clasifica a los deudores según su probabilidad de incumplimiento.
Credit risk analysis classifies debtors according to their probability of default.
Sophisticated risk assessment terminology.
La legislación concursal establece un marco para la negociación entre acreedores y deudores en procesos de insolvencia.
Bankruptcy legislation establishes a framework for negotiation between creditors and debtors in insolvency proceedings.
Legal framework for insolvency.
La gestión de carteras de deudores requiere estrategias personalizadas para cada segmento.
Management of debtor portfolios requires personalized strategies for each segment.
Advanced portfolio management.
El comportamiento del deudor ante la adversidad económica es un factor clave en la predicción de impagos.
The debtor's behavior in the face of economic adversity is a key factor in predicting non-payments.
Behavioral economics and debt.
La figura del deudor contingente se presenta cuando la obligación de pago depende de una condición futura.
The figure of the contingent debtor arises when the payment obligation depends on a future condition.
Specific legal/financial term: contingent debtor.
Se debate la ética de las prácticas de cobro hacia los deudores vulnerables.
The ethics of collection practices towards vulnerable debtors are debated.
Ethical considerations in debt collection.
La globalización ha intensificado la interconexión entre los mercados de deudores soberanos.
Globalization has intensified the interconnection between sovereign debtor markets.
Sovereign debt and global finance.
El análisis econométrico del comportamiento del deudor latinoamericano revela patrones de resiliencia y vulnerabilidad.
Econometric analysis of Latin American debtor behavior reveals patterns of resilience and vulnerability.
Highly specialized econometric analysis.
La doctrina jurídica contemporánea aborda la tensión entre la protección del deudor y la seguridad del tráfico jurídico.
Contemporary legal doctrine addresses the tension between debtor protection and legal transaction security.
Advanced legal theory and terminology.
La psicología del deudor patológico presenta desafíos únicos para las intervenciones terapéuticas y de gestión de deuda.
The psychology of the pathological debtor presents unique challenges for therapeutic and debt management interventions.
Psychological aspects of debt.
La securitización de activos permite transformar flujos de pagos futuros de deudores en instrumentos financieros negociables.
Asset securitization allows transforming future payment flows from debtors into negotiable financial instruments.
Complex financial engineering concepts.
El impacto de la digitalización en la relación acreedor-deudor está redefiniendo los modelos de negocio financiero.
The impact of digitalization on the creditor-debtor relationship is redefining financial business models.
Impact of technology on financial relationships.
La noción de deudor público y privado se analiza en el contexto de la sostenibilidad fiscal a largo plazo.
The notion of public and private debtor is analyzed in the context of long-term fiscal sustainability.
Fiscal policy and public/private debt.
La jurisprudencia reciente ha matizado la responsabilidad del deudor en casos de fuerza mayor.
Recent jurisprudence has nuanced the debtor's responsibility in cases of force majeure.
Legal interpretation and specific cases.
La evolución histórica del concepto de deudor refleja cambios fundamentales en las estructuras sociales y económicas.
The historical evolution of the concept of debtor reflects fundamental changes in social and economic structures.
Historical perspective on debt.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— The debtor (referring to a specific individual or entity).
El deudor prometió pagar la próxima semana.
— Defaulting debtor; a debtor who has failed to make payments.
El deudor moroso enfrentará consecuencias.
— Joint debtor; a person who shares responsibility for a debt with others.
Ella es deudora solidaria del préstamo.
— Debit balance (in accounting, this means the company is owed money).
El informe muestra un saldo deudor en la cuenta de clientes.
— Debtor situation; the state of owing money.
Su situación de deudor es temporal.
— To be a frequent debtor; to often owe money.
Él parece ser un deudor frecuente de sus amigos.
よく混同される語
'Acreedor' is the opposite of 'deudor'. The 'deudor' owes money; the 'acreedor' is owed money. It's crucial to distinguish between the two.
'Deber' is a verb meaning 'to owe' or 'must'. 'Deudor' is the noun form referring to the person who owes.
In accounting, 'saldo deudor' means a debit balance, indicating money owed TO the entity, not BY the entity. This is a common point of confusion.
慣用句と表現
— To be in debt; to have a negative balance (literally 'to be in red numbers'). While not directly using 'deudor', it describes the state of being one.
Después de la crisis, muchas familias están en números rojos, es decir, son deudores.
Informal/General— To be in a very difficult financial situation, often due to debt (literally 'to have the noose around the neck'). It implies the pressure on a debtor.
Con tantas deudas, se siente como si tuviera la soga al cuello, un deudor agobiado.
Informal/Figurative— To pay for something that wasn't your fault, often implying taking on a debt or consequence that should belong to someone else. Can relate to being unfairly burdened as a debtor.
Al final, él tuvo que pagar el pato por la deuda de su socio, siendo el deudor involuntario.
Informal/Figurative— To have no money at all, being completely broke. This describes the state of someone who is likely a debtor or unable to pay their debts.
Me pidió dinero prestado porque no tenía un duro, estaba en una situación de deudor.
Informal— To be overwhelmed by debt, unable to cope. This is a common state for a heavily indebted debtor.
El pequeño empresario está ahogado por las deudas, un deudor en bancarrota inminente.
Figurative/General間違えやすい
Both relate to debt and financial obligations.
A 'deudor' is the person or entity that owes money. An 'acreedor' is the person or entity to whom the money is owed. They are opposite sides of the same transaction. <br>Example: El <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> pagó la deuda al <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>acreedor</mark>.
The debtor paid the debt to the creditor.
Both refer to someone involved in borrowing money.
A 'prestatario' is specifically someone who has borrowed money, often from a financial institution. A 'deudor' is a broader term for anyone who owes money, which includes a 'prestatario' but also someone who owes for services or goods on credit. <br>Example: El <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>prestatario</mark> se convirtió en <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> al no pagar el préstamo.
The borrower became a debtor by not paying the loan.
Both imply having a responsibility or commitment.
'Obligado' means obligated or bound to do something, which can be financial or non-financial. 'Deudor' specifically refers to someone who owes a financial debt. A 'deudor' is always an 'obligado' in a financial sense, but an 'obligado' is not necessarily a 'deudor'. <br>Example: El <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>obligado</mark> a firmar el documento era el <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark>.
The obligated party to sign the document was the debtor.
Both describe someone who hasn't fulfilled a financial obligation.
'Moroso' specifically describes a 'deudor' who has failed to make payments on time; they are in default. 'Deudor' is the general term for anyone who owes money, whether they are paying on time or not. <br>Example: El <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> se volvió <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>moroso</mark> después de tres meses sin pagar.
The debtor became a defaulter after three months of non-payment.
The word 'deudor' is present in both terms.
'Deudor' is a noun referring to the person/entity owing money. 'Saldo deudor' is an accounting term for a debit balance, meaning the company is owed money (an asset). It's the opposite of what the noun 'deudor' implies. <br>Example: La cuenta tiene un <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>saldo deudor</mark>, lo que significa que la empresa tiene dinero a su favor, no que sea <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudora</mark>.
The account has a debit balance, meaning the company has money in its favor, not that it is a debtor.
文型パターン
Yo debo + [cantidad] + a + [persona/entidad]
Yo debo diez euros a mi hermana.
Ser + un/el + deudor + [adjetivo]
Él es un <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> moroso.
Los deudores + [verbo]
Los <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudores</mark> deben pagar.
Identificar + al deudor
Necesitamos <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>identificar al deudor</mark>.
El deudor + [verbo] + [obligación]
El <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> debe cumplir su obligación.
Deudor + [tipo de deuda]
Es un <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> hipotecario importante.
Como + deudor, [consecuencia/obligación]
<mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>Como deudor</mark>, tienes responsabilidades.
Análisis de la figura del deudor
El análisis de la figura del <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> en el contexto actual es complejo.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Medium
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Confusing 'deudor' with 'acreedor'
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The 'deudor' owes money; the 'acreedor' is owed money.
This is the most frequent error. Always remember: Deudor = Owes, Acreedor = Is Owed. <br>Incorrect: El <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>acreedor</mark> no pagó. Correct: El <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> no pagó.
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Using 'deudor' as an adjective without agreement
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'Deudor' is primarily a noun. When used adjectivally, it must agree in gender and number.
While 'deudor' is a noun, related adjectives must agree. For example, 'saldo <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark>' (debit balance) is an accounting term. If referring to a person, use 'deudor/a/es/as'. <br>Incorrect: Es una persona <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark>. Correct: Es una persona <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudora</mark>.
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Confusing 'deudor' with 'deber'
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'Deudor' is the noun (the person owing); 'deber' is the verb (to owe).
'Deudor' refers to the person, while 'deber' refers to the action of owing. <br>Incorrect: Yo soy <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deber</mark> dinero. Correct: Yo <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>debo</mark> dinero. / Yo soy un <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark>.
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Misinterpreting 'saldo deudor'
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'Saldo deudor' means a debit balance (money owed TO the entity), not that the entity is a 'deudor' (owing money).
This is a specific accounting term. A 'saldo deudor' is generally positive for the company, meaning they have assets or are owed money. <br>Incorrect: La cuenta tiene un <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>saldo deudor</mark>, así que la empresa debe mucho. Correct: La cuenta tiene un <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>saldo deudor</mark>, lo que significa que la empresa tiene dinero a su favor.
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Using 'deudor' for non-financial obligations
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'Deudor' specifically refers to financial debt.
While you might say 'I owe you a favor', using 'deudor' for non-financial obligations would sound strange or overly formal. Use 'te debo' for favors. <br>Incorrect: Soy tu <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>deudor</mark> por haberme ayudado. Correct: Te debo mucho por haberme ayudado.
ヒント
Understand the Core
A 'deudor' is someone who owes money. Always remember this fundamental definition to avoid confusion.
Know the Opposite
The direct opposite of 'deudor' is 'acreedor' (creditor). Understanding this pair is key to grasping financial relationships.
Financial Settings
You'll most often hear 'deudor' in contexts related to loans, bills, debts, and financial reports. Think of banks, accounting, and economic news.
Plural Form
The plural of 'deudor' is 'deudores'. Use this when referring to more than one person or entity owing money.
Expand Vocabulary
Learn related terms like 'moroso' (defaulting debtor) and 'solidario' (joint debtor) to describe specific situations.
Accounting Nuance
Be aware of 'saldo deudor' (debit balance) in accounting, which means the company is owed money, contrasting with the noun 'deudor'.
Register Awareness
While 'deudor' can be used informally, it's more common and precise in formal financial and legal contexts. For casual 'I owe you', use 'te debo'.
Practice Pronunciation
Focus on the stress on the second syllable ('dor') and the correct vowel sounds to pronounce 'deudor' clearly.
Sentence Construction
Practice using 'deudor' in sentences, identifying the subject (who owes), the verb (related to owing/paying), and the object (what is owed or to whom).
Cultural Context
Understand that in Spanish-speaking cultures, fulfilling financial obligations (being a responsible 'deudor') can also carry social weight.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'D' (for Deudor) on a person's forehead, and they look sad because they owe money. Or, think of a 'door' (sounds like 'dor') that you have to pay to open because you are a 'deudor'.
視覚的連想
Picture a person juggling many coins, looking stressed, with a large 'D' symbol on their shirt. This visually represents the burden of being a debtor.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to explain the difference between 'deudor' and 'acreedor' in Spanish to a friend. Use at least three sentences and one example for each.
語源
The word 'deudor' comes from the Latin word 'debitor', which means 'one who owes'. This Latin word is derived from the verb 'debere', meaning 'to owe'.
元の意味： One who owes; one who is bound to pay or render something.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Spanish文化的な背景
While 'deudor' is a neutral term, discussing someone's debt can be a sensitive topic, similar to discussing personal finances in any culture. It's generally best to avoid using it unless relevant to a specific financial or legal discussion.
In English-speaking contexts, the direct equivalent is 'debtor'. The concept is identical, focusing on the financial obligation to repay. The term is used in similar contexts: finance, law, personal loans, etc.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Personal Finance and Loans
- ser deudor de un préstamo
- el deudor debe pagar la cuota
- historial de deudor
Business and Accounting
- lista de deudores
- cobrar a un deudor
- saldo deudor
- identificar al deudor
Legal and Contracts
- deudor principal
- deudor solidario
- incumplimiento del deudor
- responsabilidad del deudor
Economic News
- deudores hipotecarios
- deudores corporativos
- mercado de deudores
Everyday Transactions (Informal)
- le debo dinero
- eres mi deudor
- no seas deudor
会話のきっかけ
"¿Conoces a alguien que sea un 'deudor' en alguna situación?"
"¿Cómo crees que se siente ser un 'deudor'?"
"¿Qué diferencias hay entre un 'deudor' y un 'acreedor'?"
"¿Has oído la expresión 'saldo deudor' en contabilidad? ¿Qué significa?"
"¿Cuándo se usa la palabra 'deudor' en la vida cotidiana?"
日記のテーマ
Escribe sobre una situación en la que tuviste que ser un 'deudor'. ¿Cómo te sentiste y qué aprendiste?
Imagina que eres un asesor financiero. Explica a un cliente qué significa ser un 'deudor' y cuáles son sus responsabilidades.
Describe un escenario en el que el término 'deudor moroso' es relevante. ¿Cuáles son las consecuencias?
Compara y contrasta los roles de 'deudor' y 'acreedor' en una transacción simple.
Investiga y escribe sobre un tipo específico de 'deudor' (por ejemplo, deudor hipotecario, deudor público).
よくある質問
10 問A 'deudor' is the person or entity that owes money or has a financial obligation. An 'acreedor' is the person or entity to whom the money is owed. They are opposite sides of a debt transaction. For example, if you take out a loan from a bank, you are the 'deudor' and the bank is the 'acreedor'.
Example: El deudor pagó su cuota al acreedor.
Yes, 'deudor' can refer to both individuals (natural persons) and companies or other legal entities (legal persons). For example, a company that hasn't paid its suppliers is a 'deudor'.
Example: La empresa se declaró deudora de sus proveedores.
'Deudor moroso' refers to a debtor who has failed to make payments on time, meaning they are in default. It's a more specific term than just 'deudor'.
Example: El deudor moroso enfrenta consecuencias legales.
Yes, the feminine form is 'deudora'. However, in many formal or general contexts, the masculine form 'deudor' is used generically even when referring to a female or a group of people of mixed gender.
Example: Ella es una deudora responsable. / Los deudores (referring to a mixed group) deben pagar.
'Deudor' is a noun, meaning the person who owes money. 'Deber' is a verb meaning 'to owe' or 'must'. For instance, 'Yo debo dinero' (I owe money), and 'Yo soy un deudor' (I am a debtor).
Example: Él debe mucho, por eso es un deudor.
In accounting, 'saldo deudor' (debit balance) means that the entity has more assets or expenses than liabilities or revenues, indicating money owed TO the entity. It's crucial to note that this is different from the noun 'deudor', which refers to someone owing money.
Example: La cuenta de caja tiene un saldo deudor.
Yes, it can be used informally to refer to someone who owes a favor or a small amount of money, though 'te debo' (I owe you) is more common for minor debts.
Example: Me siento como un deudor por no haberte devuelto el libro todavía.
Being a 'deudor moroso' can lead to late fees, interest charges, damage to your credit score, legal action from the creditor, and potential seizure of assets.
Example: Como deudor moroso, ahora tengo que pagar intereses altos.
A 'deudor solidario' is a joint debtor. This means multiple people are responsible for the same debt, and the creditor can demand the full payment from any one of them.
Example: Ambos firmaron como deudores solidarios del préstamo.
It's most commonly heard in financial contexts, news reports about the economy, legal discussions, and business meetings.
Example: El informe financiero se centró en los deudores de la empresa.
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Summary
A 'deudor' is fundamentally a person or entity that owes money or has a financial obligation to another party. This term is central to understanding debt, loans, and financial transactions, distinguishing the party that owes from the party that is owed (the 'acreedor').
- A 'deudor' is someone who owes money.
- They have a financial obligation to someone else.
- Think of them as the person who needs to pay back a loan.
- The opposite is an 'acreedor' (creditor).
Understand the Core
A 'deudor' is someone who owes money. Always remember this fundamental definition to avoid confusion.
Know the Opposite
The direct opposite of 'deudor' is 'acreedor' (creditor). Understanding this pair is key to grasping financial relationships.
Financial Settings
You'll most often hear 'deudor' in contexts related to loans, bills, debts, and financial reports. Think of banks, accounting, and economic news.
Plural Form
The plural of 'deudor' is 'deudores'. Use this when referring to more than one person or entity owing money.
関連コンテンツ
businessの関連語
a cambio
B1引き換えに。 'ペンと引き換えに本をあげます。'
a cambio de
B1〜と引き換えに。交換や条件を表す際に使われます。
a cargo de
B1〜の担当で；〜を任されて。
a diario
B1「毎日」または「日常的に」という意味です。習慣や日課を説明するのに使われます。
a excepción de
B1〜を除いて；〜以外は。 '彼を除いて、全員が参加した。'
a fin de que
B1目的節を導入するために使われる接続詞で、「～するために」「～するように」を意味します。
a fondo
B1Thoroughly or in depth.
a la vez
B1スペイン語の「a la vez」は、2つ以上のことが同時に起こっている、つまり同時に起こっていることを意味します。並行するアクションを示すために使用されます。
a medida que
B1At the same rate or in the same way as.
a medio plazo
B1中期的に、適度な期間にわたって。
