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B1 verb #6,000 よく出る 7分で読める

استتار کردن

estetar kardan
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استتار کردن 30秒で

  • To blend in with surroundings to become unseen.
  • Used for military, hunting, and wildlife.
  • Active process of making something inconspicuous.
  • Different from simple hiding.
Core Meaning
The verb "استتار کردن" (estetār kardan) translates to 'to camouflage' or 'to conceal oneself or something by blending in with the surrounding environment.' It implies making something or someone difficult to see by making it look like part of its surroundings.
Contexts of Use
This word is commonly used in contexts related to military operations, hunting, wildlife observation, and even in creative arts like theater or film where characters might need to hide or blend in. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone trying to hide their true feelings or intentions.
Nuance
The effectiveness of "استتار کردن" depends on the skill of the person or object in blending. It's not just about hiding, but about becoming indistinguishable from the background. The Persian phrasing emphasizes the action of actively making oneself or something else hidden through natural means.
Examples
A soldier might "استتار کردن" themselves in the forest using branches and leaves. A hunter would "استتار کردن" their blind to avoid scaring away prey. Animals like chameleons "استتار کردن" themselves by changing color to match their environment.
Figurative Use
Metaphorically, someone might try to "استتار کردن" their sadness behind a smile, or a company might try to "استتار کردن" its financial problems with misleading reports. In these cases, the 'blending in' is about deception or masking true states.

سربازان در جنگل‌ها برای استتار کردن خود از شاخ و برگ درختان استفاده می‌کنند.

Soldiers use tree branches and leaves to camouflage themselves in forests.

حیوانات زیادی برای بقا، خود را استتار می‌کنند.

Many animals camouflage themselves for survival.
Synonym Hint
Think of words related to hiding, blending, or disguising. The specific nuance of "استتار کردن" is about blending with the natural environment.

هنرمندان صحنه نمایش اغلب از لباس‌های مخصوص برای استتار کردن بازیگران استفاده می‌کنند.

Stage designers often use special costumes to camouflage actors.
Basic Structure
The verb "استتار کردن" is a compound verb formed from the noun "استتار" (estetār - camouflage, hiding) and the verb "کردن" (kardan - to do/make). It generally follows the structure: [Subject] + [Object/Self] + استتار کردن. When referring to oneself, it's often used reflexively or with the preposition "خود" (khod - self).
Subject-Verb Agreement
Like most Persian verbs, the conjugation of "کردن" within "استتار کردن" depends on the subject's person and number. For example, "من استتار می‌کنم" (man estetār mikonam - I camouflage), "او استتار کرد" (u estetār kard - he/she camouflaged).
Using with Objects
When you are camouflaging something specific, you might use the object marker "را" (rā) or imply the object. For instance, "آنها سنگر را استتار کردند" (ānhā sangar rā estetār kardand - They camouflaged the trench). If the object is implied or general, "را" might be omitted.
Reflexive Use
To say "to camouflage oneself," you typically use "خود را استتار کردن" (khod rā estetār kardan). Example: "شکارچی خود را پشت بوته‌ها استتار کرد" (shekārchi khod rā posht-e buṯehā estetār kard - The hunter camouflaged himself behind the bushes).
Past Tense Example
"در دوران جنگ، سربازان برای پنهان شدن از دید دشمن، خود را استتار می‌کردند." (Dar dowrān-e jang, sarbāzān barāye penhān šodan az dīd-e došman, khod rā estetār mikardand.) - During the war, soldiers used to camouflage themselves to hide from the enemy's sight.
Present Continuous Example
"او در حال استتار کردن حیوانات در باغ وحش برای پروژه عکاسی‌اش بود." (U dar hāl-e estetār kardan-e heyvānāt dar bāgh-e vahš barāye prožeh-ye akāsī-aš bud.) - He was camouflaging animals in the zoo for his photography project.

ارتش در حال استتار کردن تجهیزات خود بود.

The army was camouflaging its equipment.

بچه‌ها دوست دارند خودشان را با رنگ‌های مختلف استتار کنند.

Children like to camouflage themselves with different colors.
Military and Defense
This is perhaps the most common domain. News reports about military exercises, documentaries on warfare, and discussions about tactics frequently use "استتار کردن." You'll hear about soldiers "استتار کردن" their positions, vehicles, or themselves to avoid detection. The effectiveness of camouflage is a critical aspect of military strategy, making this verb essential.
Nature Documentaries and Wildlife
When discussing animals that blend into their surroundings for survival—either to hunt or to avoid being hunted—"استتار کردن" is the go-to verb. Documentaries about insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals often feature scenes where animals are "استتار کردن" themselves. For example, a leopard's spots help it "استتار کردن" in the dappled sunlight of the forest.
Hunting and Outdoor Activities
Hunters use camouflage clothing and blinds to "استتار کردن" themselves from their prey. Discussions about hunting techniques or gear will often involve this term. Similarly, birdwatchers or nature photographers might "استتار کردن" their presence to get closer to wildlife without disturbing them.
Theater and Film Production
In the context of stage design and costume creation, "استتار کردن" can refer to making props or actors blend into the background or creating specific visual effects. A character might need to "استتار کردن" themselves as part of a disguise or a plot point.
Figurative Language and Metaphors
Beyond the literal, "استتار کردن" is used metaphorically. You might hear someone say they are "استتار کردن" their true feelings, or a company might be accused of "استتار کردن" its losses. This usage is common in literature, journalism, and everyday conversations where deception or masking is involved.

در مستند حیات وحش، دیدیم که چگونه یک گربه وحشی خود را با محیط استتار می‌کند.

In the wildlife documentary, we saw how a wild cat camouflages itself with the environment.

خبرنگار در مورد چگونگی استتار کردن پایگاه‌های نظامی گزارش داد.

The reporter reported on how the military bases were camouflaged.
Confusing with Simple Hiding
Mistake: Using "استتار کردن" when simply 'hiding' (پنهان کردن - penhān kardan) is meant. While camouflage involves hiding, "استتار کردن" specifically implies blending with the surroundings to achieve that hiding. Saying "من خودم را در اتاق پنهان کردم" (I hid myself in the room) is different from "او خود را در میان جمعیت استتار کرد" (He camouflaged himself among the crowd), where blending is key.
Overuse in Non-Environmental Contexts
Mistake: Applying "استتار کردن" to situations where there's no environmental blending. For example, trying to "استتار کردن" a lie isn't the primary meaning; "دروغ گفتن" (to lie) or "پنهان کردن حقیقت" (to hide the truth) are more direct. While a lie might be *part* of a larger attempt to camouflage one's intentions, the verb itself focuses on the visual or environmental aspect.
Incorrect Verb Conjugation
Mistake: Not conjugating the "کردن" part correctly. As a compound verb, "استتار کردن" requires the "کردن" part to agree with the subject. Forgetting this leads to errors like "او استتار می‌کند" (correct) being wrongly rendered as "او استتار" (incorrect). The auxiliary verb "می" (mi-) for present tense and the past tense endings must be applied to "کردن".
Using "استتار" as a standalone verb
Mistake: Treating "استتار" (the noun) as a verb. While nouns can sometimes be used verbally in Persian, "استتار" itself does not function as a verb. You must use the compound form "استتار کردن". It's incorrect to say "او استتار" when you mean "he camouflages".
Literal vs. Figurative Overlap
Mistake: Assuming "استتار کردن" always refers to visual camouflage. While visual blending is the primary meaning, its figurative use (e.g., "استتار کردن" emotions) requires understanding the metaphorical extension. Learners might incorrectly assume it only applies to physical hiding.

نکته: استتار کردن با پنهان کردن فرق دارد؛ اولی یعنی ترکیب شدن با محیط.

Note: Camouflaging is different from hiding; the former means blending with the environment.

اشتباه رایج: استفاده از "استتار" به تنهایی به عنوان فعل.

Common Mistake: Using "estetār" alone as a verb.
پنهان کردن (penhān kardan)
Meaning: To hide, to conceal.
Difference: This is a more general term for hiding. It doesn't necessarily imply blending with the environment. You can hide behind a wall, under a bed, or in a closet using "پنهان کردن". "استتار کردن" is a specific type of hiding that involves making oneself or something inconspicuous by matching the surroundings.
Example: "او نامه را در کشو پنهان کرد." (He hid the letter in the drawer.) vs. "او خود را پشت درختان استتار کرد." (He camouflaged himself behind the trees.)
مخفی کردن (makhfi kardan)
Meaning: To hide something, often secretly or for a purpose.
Difference: Similar to "پنهان کردن", but often carries a connotation of intentional secrecy. It can also be used for hiding abstract things like information. It doesn't imply blending.
Example: "آنها اسناد محرمانه را مخفی کردند." (They hid the secret documents.)
گم کردن (gom kardan)
Meaning: To lose something.
Difference: This is entirely different. It means to misplace or lose an item unintentionally. It has no relation to hiding or camouflage.
Example: "کلیدهایم را گم کردم." (I lost my keys.)
پوشاندن (pušāndan)
Meaning: To cover, to wear.
Difference: This means to place something over something else, or to wear clothing. While camouflage often involves covering oneself with materials, "پوشاندن" is a broader term. You can "پوشاندن" a table with a cloth, which is not camouflage. However, "پوشاندن" oneself with camouflage materials could be part of "استتار کردن".
Example: "مادر صورتش را با روسری پوشاند." (The mother covered her face with a scarf.)
مخفی ماندن (makhfi māndan) / پنهان ماندن (penhān māndan)
Meaning: To remain hidden.
Difference: These are passive forms, meaning something or someone stays hidden, rather than actively performing the act of hiding or camouflaging. "استتار کردن" is an active verb.
Example: "آن قلعه قدیمی هنوز مخفی مانده است." (That old castle still remains hidden.)

"استتار کردن" یعنی ترکیب شدن با محیط، نه فقط پنهان شدن.

'Estetār kardan' means blending with the environment, not just hiding.

"استتار" یک عمل فعال برای ترکیب شدن با محیط است.

'Estetār' is an active action of blending with the environment.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The Arabic root 'ستار' (sattār) is also related to one of the names of God in Islam, Al-Sattar (The Concealer/Protector), referring to His attribute of hiding the sins of believers. This highlights the strong ancient connection to the concept of covering and concealment.

発音ガイド

UK /estetɑːr kærˈdæn/
US /ɛstɛˈtɑːr kɑrˈdæn/
es-te-TAAR kar-DAAN
韻が合う語
بیدار کردن (bidār kardan) دیدار کردن (didār kardan) بیمار کردن (bīmār kardan) تکرار کردن (tekraar kardan) کردن (kardan) پیدا کردن (peydā kardan) وادار کردن (vā dār kardan) هشیار کردن (hošyār kardan)
よくある間違い
  • Mispronouncing the 't' sounds, making them too hard.
  • Incorrect stress placement, often putting too much emphasis on the first syllable of 'estetār'.
  • Confusing the verb 'kardan' with other similar-sounding words.
  • Not separating the two parts of the compound verb clearly.
  • Omitting the 'mi-' prefix in present tense conjugations.

難易度

読解 3/5

CEFR B1 level. The concept is relatively straightforward, but understanding the nuances and figurative uses requires practice. Recognizing the compound verb structure is key.

ライティング 3/5
スピーキング 3/5
リスニング 3/5

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

پنهان کردن (penhān kardan - to hide) کردن (kardan - to do) خود (khod - self) محیط (mohit - environment) رنگ (rang - color)

次に学ぶ

استتار (estetār - noun) استتار شده (estetār šode - camouflaged) پوشاندن (pušāndan - to cover) مخفی کردن (makhfi kardan - to hide) برجسته کردن (barjasteh kardan - to highlight)

上級

پنهان‌کاری (penhān-kāri - secrecy) فریب (farib - deception) تکنیک‌های بقا (teknik-hā-ye baghā - survival techniques) سازگاری تطبیقی (sāzgāri-ye taṭbīqi - adaptive fitness)

知っておくべき文法

Compound Verbs in Persian

Many Persian verbs are formed by combining a noun or adjective with the verb 'kardan' (to do) or 'shodan' (to become). 'Estetār kardan' is a prime example, where 'estetār' (noun) + 'kardan' (verb) forms the action verb 'to camouflage'.

Past Tense Formation

The past tense of compound verbs like 'estetār kardan' is formed by conjugating the second verb ('kardan'). For example, 'u estetār kard' (he/she camouflaged).

Present Tense Formation (Mi- prefix)

The present tense is formed using the 'mi-' prefix followed by the past stem of the second verb. 'u estetār mikonad' (he/she camouflages).

Using 'khod rā' for Reflexivity

To indicate that the action is performed on the subject itself, 'khod rā' (oneself) is often used before the verb. 'shokārchi khod rā estetār kard' (The hunter camouflaged himself).

The Object Marker 'rā'

When a definite direct object is used, the marker 'rā' follows it. 'ān-hā sangar rā estetār kardand' (They camouflaged the trench).

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レベル別の例文

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کلاغ سعی کرد خود را پشت درختان استتار کند.

The crow tried to camouflage itself behind the trees.

Simple past tense of 'estetār kardan'.

2

حیوانات جنگل برای بقا خود را استتار می‌کنند.

Forest animals camouflage themselves for survival.

Present tense, general statement.

3

پدرم برای شکار، لباس استتار پوشید.

My father wore camouflage clothing for hunting.

Noun 'estetār' used as an adjective.

4

آن گل زیبا در میان برگ‌ها استتار شده بود.

That beautiful flower was camouflaged among the leaves.

Passive form: 'estetār šode bud' (was camouflaged).

5

آنها سعی کردند ماشین را استتار کنند.

They tried to camouflage the car.

Direct object 'māshin' with 'rā'.

6

نقاشی سعی داشت منظره را استتار کند.

The painting tried to camouflage the landscape.

Figurative use, implying the painting hides or mimics the landscape.

7

پشه خود را استتار کرد تا نیش بزند.

The mosquito camouflaged itself to bite.

Purpose clause 'tā nish bezanad' (to bite).

8

او با رنگ‌های طبیعت خود را استتار کرد.

He camouflaged himself with the colors of nature.

Instrumental phrase 'bā rang-hā-ye tabī'at'.

1

سربازان برای عملیات مخفیانه، خود را در جنگل استتار کردند.

The soldiers camouflaged themselves in the forest for a secret operation.

Past tense, specifying the reason for camouflage.

2

توانایی استتار کردن در بقای بسیاری از موجودات زنده حیاتی است.

The ability to camouflage is vital for the survival of many living creatures.

Using the verbal noun 'estetār kardan' as the subject.

3

طراحان صحنه تلاش می‌کنند تا اشیاء را با پس‌زمینه استتار کنند.

Stage designers strive to camouflage objects with the background.

Present tense, professional context.

4

او سعی داشت احساسات واقعی خود را استتار کند، اما موفق نشد.

He tried to camouflage his true feelings, but he didn't succeed.

Metaphorical use: camouflaging emotions.

5

بسیاری از حشرات از استتار کردن برای فرار از شکارچیان استفاده می‌کنند.

Many insects use camouflage to escape from predators.

Using 'estetār kardan' as the object of 'estefādeh kardan' (to use).

6

در این منطقه، استتار کردن وسایل نقلیه نظامی امری ضروری است.

In this region, camouflaging military vehicles is essential.

Gerund phrase as the subject: 'estetār kardan-e vasāyel-e naqliyeh'.

7

حیوانات شبح‌وار اغلب خود را در تاریکی استتار می‌کنند.

Nocturnal animals often camouflage themselves in the darkness.

Specific context: nocturnal animals.

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او با پوشیدن لباس‌های همرنگ محیط، خود را استتار کرد.

He camouflaged himself by wearing clothes the same color as the environment.

Using 'bā pušidan...' (by wearing...) to explain the method.

1

نظامیان در تاکتیک‌های خود از استتار کردن برای فریب دشمن استفاده می‌کنند.

Soldiers use camouflage in their tactics to deceive the enemy.

Focus on tactical use and deception.

2

استتار کردن موفقیت‌آمیز نیازمند درک عمیق از محیط اطراف است.

Successful camouflage requires a deep understanding of the surrounding environment.

Abstract concept: 'estetār kardan-e movaffaqiyat-āmez'.

3

هنرمندان تجسمی گاهی اوقات از تکنیک‌های استتار کردن برای ایجاد توهم بصری استفاده می‌کنند.

Visual artists sometimes use camouflage techniques to create visual illusions.

Artistic application of camouflage.

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شرکت‌ها ممکن است سعی کنند مشکلات مالی خود را با گزارش‌های گمراه‌کننده استتار کنند.

Companies might try to camouflage their financial problems with misleading reports.

Figurative use: camouflaging financial issues.

5

بسیاری از موجودات دریایی برای فرار از شکارچیان یا شکار طعمه، قادر به استتار کردن خود هستند.

Many marine creatures are capable of camouflaging themselves to escape predators or hunt prey.

Focus on marine life and dual purpose (escape/hunt).

6

تکنولوژی‌های جدید امکان استتار کردن اشیاء را در طیف‌های مختلف نوری فراهم کرده‌اند.

New technologies have enabled the camouflage of objects across different light spectra.

Technological advancements in camouflage.

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در طبیعت، استتار کردن اغلب یک سازگاری تکاملی مهم است.

In nature, camouflage is often an important evolutionary adaptation.

Evolutionary perspective.

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او سعی کرد با تغییر ظاهر و رفتار خود، گذشته‌اش را استتار کند.

He tried to camouflage his past by changing his appearance and behavior.

Figurative use: camouflaging personal history.

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استراتژی‌های استتار کردن پیشرفته در ارتش‌های مدرن برای مقابله با فناوری‌های شناسایی جدید توسعه یافته‌اند.

Advanced camouflage strategies have been developed in modern armies to counter new detection technologies.

Sophisticated military strategy and technology.

2

این رمان به بررسی چگونگی استتار کردن افراد در جامعه‌ای می‌پردازد که در آن صداقت به ندرت یافت می‌شود.

This novel explores how individuals camouflage themselves in a society where honesty is rarely found.

Literary context, social commentary.

3

توانایی استتار کردن، چه به صورت فیزیکی و چه روانی، اغلب با هوش و سازگاری همراه است.

The ability to camouflage, whether physically or psychologically, is often associated with intelligence and adaptability.

Linking camouflage to psychological traits and intelligence.

4

شرکت‌های فناوری اغلب سعی در استتار کردن الگوریتم‌های پیچیده خود دارند تا مزیت رقابتی خود را حفظ کنند.

Tech companies often try to camouflage their complex algorithms to maintain their competitive advantage.

Business and technology context: camouflaging intellectual property.

5

در زیست‌شناسی تکاملی، استتار کردن به عنوان یک استراتژی بقا با فشارهای انتخابی قوی مرتبط است.

In evolutionary biology, camouflage is linked to strong selective pressures as a survival strategy.

Scientific discourse on evolutionary biology.

6

او با چنان مهارتی خود را استتار کرده بود که هیچ‌کس متوجه حضور او نشد.

He had camouflaged himself with such skill that no one noticed his presence.

Emphasizing high skill level in camouflage.

7

استتار کردن احساسات منفی می‌تواند پیامدهای روانی جدی داشته باشد.

Camouflaging negative emotions can have serious psychological consequences.

Psychological consequences of emotional camouflage.

8

در دوران جنگ سرد، استتار کردن اطلاعات و فعالیت‌ها امری روزمره بود.

During the Cold War, camouflaging information and activities was commonplace.

Historical context: Cold War intelligence operations.

1

پیچیدگی‌های استتار کردن بصری و صوتی در طراحی سیستم‌های دفاعی مدرن نقشی اساسی ایفا می‌کند.

The complexities of visual and auditory camouflage play a fundamental role in the design of modern defense systems.

Highly technical and specialized context.

2

این اثر هنری به طور ظریفی استتار کردن هویت‌های اجتماعی را در لایه‌های پنهان خود به تصویر می‌کشد.

This work of art subtly portrays the camouflage of social identities within its hidden layers.

Art criticism, deep symbolic interpretation.

3

توانایی استتار کردن، چه در قلمرو بیولوژی و چه روانشناسی، نمایانگر سازگاری تطبیقی فوق‌العاده‌ای است.

The capacity for camouflage, whether in the realm of biology or psychology, represents extraordinary adaptive fitness.

Academic discourse, synthesis of concepts.

4

شرکت‌های بزرگ اغلب با استفاده از ساختارهای پیچیده مالی، سودهای خود را استتار می‌کنند تا از مالیات فرار کنند.

Large corporations often camouflage their profits using complex financial structures to evade taxes.

Financial and legal context, sophisticated deception.

5

در اکوسیستم‌های پیچیده، استتار کردن به عنوان یک استراتژی بقا، تعاملات بین گونه‌ای را به طور چشمگیری شکل می‌دهد.

In complex ecosystems, camouflage as a survival strategy significantly shapes inter-species interactions.

Ecological systems analysis.

6

او با چنان مهارتی احساسات خود را استتار می‌کرد که حتی نزدیک‌ترین افراد به او نیز از رنج‌های پنهانش بی‌خبر بودند.

He camouflaged his emotions with such mastery that even those closest to him were unaware of his hidden suffering.

Profound psychological insight, masterful deception.

7

استتار کردن حقایق تاریخی در روایت‌های رسمی، اغلب منجر به بازنگری‌های انتقادی در نسل‌های بعدی می‌شود.

The camouflage of historical facts in official narratives often leads to critical revisions in subsequent generations.

Historiography, critical analysis of narratives.

8

فناوری‌های نوین در زمینه مواد هوشمند، امکان استتار کردن اشیاء را در مقیاس‌های نانو و میکرو فراهم آورده‌اند.

Novel technologies in smart materials have made it possible to camouflage objects at nano and micro scales.

Cutting-edge scientific research and material science.

よく使う組み合わせ

خود را استتار کردن
محیط را استتار کردن
استتار کردن وسایل نقلیه
استتار کردن موقعیت
استتار کردن با رنگ
استتار کردن صدا
استتار کردن در طبیعت
استتار کردن دشمن
استتار کردن موفقیت‌آمیز
استتار کردن احساسات

よく使うフレーズ

خود را استتار کردن

— To camouflage oneself.

شکارچی خود را پشت درختان استتار کرد تا دیده نشود.

لباس استتار

— Camouflage clothing.

او برای رفتن به جنگل لباس استتار پوشید.

رنگ استتار

— Camouflage color/pattern.

این ماشین با رنگ استتار نقاشی شده است.

استتار در طبیعت

— Camouflage in nature.

استتار در طبیعت به بقای حیوانات کمک می‌کند.

استتار نظامی

— Military camouflage.

استتار نظامی برای پنهان کردن تجهیزات ضروری است.

استتار کردن از دید

— To camouflage from sight.

آنها سعی کردند پایگاه خود را از دید دشمن استتار کنند.

استتار کردن با شاخ و برگ

— To camouflage with branches and leaves.

سربازان با شاخ و برگ درختان خود را استتار کردند.

استتار کردن صدا

— To camouflage sound.

فناوری‌های جدید به استتار کردن صدا کمک می‌کنند.

استتار کردن در شب

— Camouflaging at night.

حیوانات شبانه در تاریکی خود را استتار می‌کنند.

استتار کردن احساسات

— To camouflage emotions.

او همیشه احساساتش را استتار می‌کند.

よく混同される語

استتار کردن vs پنهان کردن (penhān kardan)

'Estetār kardan' specifically implies blending with the environment, whereas 'penhān kardan' is general hiding without that specific requirement.

استتار کردن vs مخفی کردن (makhfi kardan)

Similar to 'penhān kardan', it means to hide, often secretly, but lacks the environmental blending aspect of 'estetār kardan'.

استتار کردن vs استتار (estetār - noun)

'Estetār' is the noun 'camouflage'. 'Estetār kardan' is the verb 'to camouflage'.

慣用句と表現

"پوست انداختن و استتار کردن"

— To shed one's skin and camouflage; metaphorically, to completely change one's appearance or identity to hide.

او آنقدر دروغ گفت که انگار پوست انداخت و خود را استتار کرد.

Figurative, somewhat literary
"در لباس استتار فرو رفتن"

— To 'enter' camouflage clothing; metaphorically, to become completely hidden or indistinguishable.

وقتی وارد سیاست شد، گویی در لباس استتار فرو رفت و دیگر کسی او را نشناخت.

Figurative, descriptive
"رنگ محیط را گرفتن و استتار کردن"

— To take on the color of the environment and camouflage; to adapt completely to blend in.

او در هر جمعی رنگ محیط را می‌گیرد و خود را استتار می‌کند.

Figurative, observational
"استتار کردن حقیقت پشت نقاب"

— To camouflage the truth behind a mask; to hide the truth with a false appearance.

او حقیقت را پشت نقابی از لبخند استتار می‌کرد.

Figurative, common
"چشم دشمن را استتار کردن"

— To camouflage the enemy's eye; to deceive the enemy's observation.

هدف اصلی این عملیات، چشم دشمن را استتار کردن بود.

Military, figurative
"مانند آفتاب در مه استتار شدن"

— To be camouflaged like the sun in fog; to become gradually and indistinctly hidden.

با گذشت زمان، خاطرات او مانند آفتاب در مه استتار شدند.

Poetic, figurative
"استتار کردن صدا با سر و صدا"

— To camouflage sound with noise; to make a specific sound imperceptible by creating a louder, distracting noise.

آنها سعی کردند صدای انفجار را با سر و صدا استتار کنند.

Practical, sometimes figurative
"استتار کردن خود در میان جمعیت"

— To camouflage oneself within a crowd; to become indistinguishable among many people.

او با مهارت خود را در میان جمعیت استتار کرد تا دیده نشود.

Figurative, common
"استتار کردن نقاط ضعف"

— To camouflage weaknesses; to hide one's flaws or vulnerabilities.

او سعی داشت نقاط ضعف خود را استتار کند.

Figurative, common
"استتار کردن در سایه"

— To camouflage in the shadows; to remain hidden and unseen.

جاسوسان در سایه استتار می‌کردند و منتظر فرصت بودند.

Figurative, descriptive

間違えやすい

استتار کردن vs پنهان کردن

Both verbs relate to making something unseen.

'Estetār kardan' requires blending with the surroundings, like a chameleon. 'Penhān kardan' is simply making something hidden, perhaps behind a door or under a blanket, without necessarily matching the background.

سرباز خود را پشت سنگر پنهان کرد (The soldier hid himself behind the bunker) vs. سرباز خود را در میان برگ‌ها استتار کرد (The soldier camouflaged himself among the leaves).

استتار کردن vs مخفی کردن

Also means to hide.

'Makhfi kardan' often implies secrecy or hiding something valuable or sensitive. It doesn't carry the environmental blending connotation. 'Estetār kardan' is about visual integration with the surroundings.

او نامه را مخفی کرد (He hid the letter) vs. او خود را در میان جمعیت استتار کرد (He camouflaged himself in the crowd).

استتار کردن vs پوشاندن

Camouflage often involves covering.

'Pušāndan' means to cover something with another material. While you might use covering materials *for* camouflage (e.g., covering a vehicle with branches), 'estetār kardan' is the overall action of blending in, which might or might not involve explicit covering.

او میز را با پارچه پوشاند (He covered the table with cloth) vs. او خود را با شاخ و برگ استتار کرد (He camouflaged himself with branches and leaves).

استتار کردن vs گم کردن

Sounds somewhat similar phonetically.

'Gom kardan' means to lose something unintentionally. It has absolutely no relation to hiding or camouflage.

من کلیدهایم را گم کردم (I lost my keys) vs. او خود را استتار کرد (He camouflaged himself).

استتار کردن vs آشکار کردن

It's an antonym, so understanding the difference is key.

'Āškār kardan' means to reveal or make something obvious. 'Estetār kardan' is the exact opposite – making something inconspicuous and hard to see.

او حقیقت را آشکار کرد (He revealed the truth) vs. او حقیقت را استتار کرد (He camouflaged the truth).

文型パターン

A2

[Subject] + خود را + استتار کردن (past tense)

گربه خود را استتار کرد.

A2

[Subject] + استتار کردن (present tense)

حیوانات استتار می‌کنند.

B1

[Subject] + [Object] + را + استتار کردن (past tense)

آنها پایگاه را استتار کردند.

B1

در حال + استتار کردن

او در حال استتار کردن بود.

B1

برای + استتار کردن

این لباس برای استتار کردن است.

B2

[Subject] + با + [Means] + خود را + استتار کردن

او با رنگ‌های طبیعت خود را استتار کرد.

B2

استتار کردن + به عنوان + [Purpose/Role]

استتار کردن به عنوان یک استراتژی بقا عمل می‌کند.

C1

[Figurative Subject] + استتار کردن + [Abstract Object]

او احساساتش را استتار می‌کرد.

語族

名詞

استتار (estetār - camouflage, hiding)

動詞

استتار کردن (estetār kardan - to camouflage)

形容詞

استتار شده (estetār šode - camouflaged)
استتاری (estetāri - camouflaging, pertaining to camouflage)

関連

پنهان کردن (penhān kardan - to hide)
مخفی کردن (makhfi kardan - to hide)
گم کردن (gom kardan - to lose)
پوشاندن (pušāndan - to cover)
آشکار کردن (āškār kardan - to reveal)
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使い方

frequency

Medium-High, especially in relevant contexts.

よくある間違い
  • Using 'استتار' as a standalone verb. → استتار کردن

    'Estetār' is a noun. The verb form is the compound 'estetār kardan'. It's incorrect to say 'او استتار' when you mean 'he camouflages'.

  • Confusing 'استتار کردن' with simple hiding ('پنهان کردن'). → Use 'استتار کردن' when blending with the environment is involved.

    'Estetār kardan' specifically implies making something inconspicuous by matching its surroundings. 'Penhān kardan' is just hiding without that requirement.

  • Incorrect conjugation of 'کردن'. → Ensure the 'kardan' part agrees with the subject and tense (e.g., 'man estetār kardam', 'u estetār mikonad').

    As a compound verb, the conjugation relies on the second verb. Failing to conjugate 'kardan' properly leads to grammatical errors.

  • Applying 'استتار کردن' to non-visual or non-environmental contexts inappropriately. → Use for literal blending or figurative masking of intentions/emotions.

    While figurative use exists, the primary meaning is visual blending. Overusing it for any kind of hiding can sound unnatural.

  • Not using 'خود را' when referring to self-camouflage. → Often use 'خود را استتار کردن' when the subject camouflages itself.

    While sometimes implied, explicitly using 'khod rā' (oneself) makes the reflexive nature clear and is standard practice.

ヒント

Focus on Blending

Remember that the core idea of 'estetār kardan' is blending in with the surroundings. If something is just hidden without matching its background, 'penhān kardan' might be more appropriate.

Conjugate 'Kardan' Correctly

As a compound verb, the conjugation of 'kardan' is crucial. Always ensure it agrees with the subject in person, number, and tense.

Learn Related Nouns

Understanding the noun 'estetār' (camouflage) will help solidify your grasp of the verb 'estetār kardan'.

Practice Stress

Pay attention to the stress on 'TAAR' and 'DAAN' in 'estetār kardan' to pronounce it naturally.

Identify the Domain

Recognizing whether the context is military, natural, or figurative will help you understand the precise meaning and application of 'estetār kardan'.

Visual Associations

Create a mental image, like a chameleon perfectly matching a leaf, to remember the meaning of 'estetār kardan'.

Think Metaphorically

Consider how hiding emotions or problems is like visual camouflage – it's about masking the true state.

Contrast with 'Penhān Kardan'

Actively compare sentences using 'estetār kardan' and 'penhān kardan' to highlight the difference in meaning.

Use in Your Own Sentences

Try to construct your own sentences using 'estetār kardan' in various contexts to reinforce your learning.

Listen for Context Clues

When listening, pay attention to the surrounding words and the overall situation to determine if 'estetār kardan' implies literal blending or a figurative hiding.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine an 'estate' (استتار) that is so well hidden, you can barely see it. The 'tar' sound might remind you of 'tarpaulin', a covering used for hiding things.

視覚的連想

Picture a chameleon actively changing its color and texture to perfectly match the bark of a tree. The chameleon is 'استتار کردن' itself.

Word Web

Camouflage Hiding Blending in Military Nature Survival Concealment Disguise

チャレンジ

Try to describe three different scenarios where 'استتار کردن' would be necessary, using the word at least once in each description.

語源

The word 'استتار' (estetār) comes from the Arabic root 'ستار' (sattār), which relates to covering, veiling, or hiding. The verb 'کردن' (kardan) is a native Persian verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. Thus, 'استتار کردن' literally means 'to do covering/hiding'.

元の意味： To cover, to veil, to hide.

Persian (influenced by Arabic)

文化的な背景

The term itself is neutral, but its application in military contexts can be sensitive. When used figuratively for hiding emotions or intentions, it can imply dishonesty or a lack of transparency.

The concept of camouflage is well-understood in English-speaking cultures, particularly through military and nature contexts.

The use of camouflage in World War I and II. Animals like chameleons, octopuses, and stick insects renowned for their camouflage abilities. Spy novels and films often feature characters using camouflage or disguise.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Military operations and strategy

  • استتار کردن موقعیت
  • استتار کردن تجهیزات
  • عملیات استتار

Wildlife and nature observation

  • استتار کردن حیوانات
  • استتار در طبیعت
  • توانایی استتار

Hunting and outdoor activities

  • لباس استتار
  • خود را استتار کردن
  • استتار برای شکار

Figurative language and metaphors

  • استتار کردن احساسات
  • استتار کردن حقیقت
  • پشت نقاب استتار کردن

Art and design

  • استتار کردن اشیاء
  • تکنیک‌های استتار
  • طراحی استتار

会話のきっかけ

"Have you ever seen an animal that is really good at camouflaging itself? What was it?"

"If you were a soldier, what would be the most important aspect of camouflage for you?"

"Can you think of a time when someone tried to 'camouflage' their feelings? How did you know?"

"What kind of camouflage do you think is most effective: patterns, colors, or shapes?"

"Besides hiding, what other reasons might someone have for camouflaging something?"

日記のテーマ

Describe a place in nature where camouflage is essential for survival. Explain how different creatures use it.

Write a short story about a spy who uses advanced camouflage techniques to infiltrate an enemy base.

Reflect on a time you felt you had to 'camouflage' your true emotions. What were the circumstances and consequences?

Imagine you are designing a new type of camouflage for urban environments. What would it look like and how would it work?

Discuss the ethical implications of using camouflage, both in nature and in human endeavors like warfare or business.

よくある質問

10 問

'Estetār kardan' means to hide by blending in with the surroundings, like a chameleon. 'Penhān kardan' is a more general term for hiding, which doesn't necessarily involve blending. For example, you hide a book in a drawer ('penhān kardan'), but a leopard hides in the jungle by blending with the trees ('estetār kardan').

Yes, 'estetār kardan' can be used figuratively to mean camouflaging or hiding one's true emotions, intentions, or problems behind a false appearance. For instance, someone might try to 'estetār kardan' their sadness with a smile.

'Estetār kardan' is a compound verb. 'Estetār' is a noun meaning 'camouflage' or 'hiding', and 'kardan' is the verb 'to do'. Together, they form the verb 'to camouflage'.

You conjugate the second part of the verb, 'kardan'. For example, 'man estetār kardam' (I camouflaged), 'tu estetār kardi' (you camouflaged), 'u estetār kard' (he/she camouflaged).

A common mistake is using 'estetār' alone as a verb, which is incorrect. It must be used with 'kardan'. Another mistake is confusing it with simple 'penhān kardan' when blending is not involved. Also, ensure the conjugation of 'kardan' is correct.

Military vehicles, soldiers in forests, animals in their natural habitats, and sometimes even people trying to hide their true feelings can be described as 'estetār šode' (camouflaged).

Primarily, yes, it refers to visual blending. However, it can be used metaphorically for other forms of concealment, like camouflaging sound or even abstract things like emotions or financial problems, implying a form of hiddenness or masking.

'Estetār' comes from Arabic, related to the concept of covering or veiling. The Persian verb 'kardan' (to do) is added to form the action verb.

Yes. For example: 'آنها سعی کردند ماشین را با پوشاندن آن با شاخ و برگ استتار کنند.' (They tried to camouflage the car by covering it with branches and leaves.)

The opposite actions would be 'āškār kardan' (to reveal) or 'barjasteh kardan' (to highlight), as these actions make something visible and prominent, contrary to camouflage.

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