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برادر ناتنی

B1 noun #8,000 よく出る 13分で読める

برادر ناتنی

baradar natani 上位8,000

練習する例文メモとヒント برادر ناتنی 30秒で

解説 برادر ناتنی in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are learning basic family words like 'mother', 'father', and 'brother'. 'Barādar-e nātanī' might seem a bit long, but it's just 'barādar' (brother) plus a special word 'nātanī' which means 'step' or 'half'. You use this word when you want to tell your friends about your family. For example, if your dad marries a new person and that person has a son, that son is your 'barādar-e nātanī'. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet. Just remember that 'barādar' comes first. It's like saying 'brother step' instead of 'stepbrother'. In Iran, family is very important, so knowing how to name everyone in your house is one of the first things you do. If you have a 'barādar-e nātanī', you can say: 'Man yek barādar-e nātanī dāram' (I have one stepbrother). This is a great way to practice your 'dāshtan' (to have) verb!

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At the A2 level, you can start to describe your family in more detail. You know the word 'barādar', and now you add 'nātanī' to be more specific. At this level, you should focus on using the word with possessive endings. For example, 'barādar-e nātanī-am' (my stepbrother) or 'barādar-e nātanī-at' (your stepbrother). You might use this word when talking about who lives in your house or who is coming to a party. You can also start to use simple adjectives with it, like 'barādar-e nātanī-e bozorg' (big stepbrother) or 'barādar-e nātanī-e kūchak' (little stepbrother). Remember that in Persian, we usually share one word for 'half-brother' and 'stepbrother', which makes it easier for you than in English! Just use 'nātanī' whenever the brother isn't 'full' blood.

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At the B1 level (Intermediate), you should be comfortable using 'barādar-e nātanī' in various social and narrative contexts. You are now moving beyond simple descriptions and starting to talk about relationships and feelings. For example, you might discuss the 'relationship' (rābeteh) you have with your 'barādar-e nātanī'. You should also be aware of the 'Ezafe' construction that links 'barādar' and 'nātanī'. At this level, you might encounter this word in Persian stories or news articles about family law. You should also be able to compare a 'barādar-e nātanī' with a 'barādar-e tanī' (full brother). Understanding that 'nā-' is a prefix meaning 'not' and 'tan' means 'body' helps you remember the word's meaning: 'not from the same body'. This level is where you start to see the word as a bridge between simple family terms and more complex social vocabulary.

At the B2 level, you can use 'barādar-e nātanī' to discuss more complex social issues, such as the dynamics of blended families in modern Iran. You should be able to use the word in formal writing and understand its legal implications. For instance, you might read a text about inheritance laws where the distinction between 'barādar-e tanī' and 'barādar-e nātanī' is crucial. You can also use the word to express nuance—perhaps discussing the emotional distance or closeness that the term implies in different situations. At this level, you should also be familiar with related terms like 'nāmādarī' (stepmother) and 'nāpādarī' (stepfather) and how they all fit together to describe a 'khānevādeh-ye tarkībī' (blended family). Your vocabulary is now rich enough to explain exactly how people are related without using English loanwords.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'barādar-e nātanī' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's. You understand the subtle sociolinguistic cues associated with the word. For example, you know when to use the clinical 'barādar-e nātanī' and when to use the more affectionate 'barādar' to describe the same person, depending on the desired emotional effect. You can analyze literature or films where the 'barādar-e nātanī' is a central figure, discussing themes of identity, belonging, and blood vs. bond. You are also aware of the historical and religious contexts of the term, such as how it appears in classical Persian literature or Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). You can handle complex sentence structures, such as 'barādar-e nātanī-am, ke az hamsar-e avval-e pedaram ast...' (my half-brother, who is from my father's first wife...).

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'barādar-e nātanī' and its place in the vast landscape of Persian kinship. You can discuss the etymology of 'tan' and 'nātanī' in the context of Indo-European linguistics. You can appreciate and use the term in high-level academic discourse, legal arguments, or poetic metaphors. You understand how the concept of 'nātanī' has shifted through Iranian history—from the era of large polygamous households to the modern era of nuclear and blended families. You can navigate the most sensitive social situations, knowing exactly how to refer to a half-sibling in a way that respects all parties involved, balancing precision with cultural 'adab' (politeness/etiquette). You might even explore how the term is used metaphorically in political or social commentary to describe 'estranged' groups or nations.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

برادر ناتنی 30秒で

Means stepbrother or half-brother.
Literally 'not of the same body'.
Used for both biological half-siblings and non-biological step-siblings.
Contrasts with 'barādar-e tanī' (full brother).

The Persian term برادر ناتنی (barādar-e nātanī) is a compound noun used to describe a specific familial relationship that falls outside the biological 'full-sibling' category. In English, this term is multifaceted, as it serves as the equivalent for both 'stepbrother' (a brother related by the marriage of parents but not by blood) and 'half-brother' (a brother who shares only one biological parent). The word is composed of 'barādar' (brother) and 'nātanī', where 'nā-' is a negative prefix and 'tan' means 'body' or 'flesh'. Thus, it literally translates to 'not of the same body' or 'not of the same flesh'. This linguistic root highlights the biological distinction that is historically significant in Persian kinship structures.

Biological Context: When two individuals share only a father or only a mother, they are referred to as 'barādar-e nātanī'. In more technical or older contexts, you might hear 'barādar-e hamsolb' (same father) or 'barādar-e ham-batn' (same mother), but 'nātanī' is the standard modern term for everyday use.
Legal and Social Context: In modern Iranian society, as blended families become more common due to remarriage, this term is used to clarify household dynamics. While the term is descriptive, in many warm family settings, people may drop the 'nātanī' and simply use 'barādar' to emphasize emotional closeness despite the lack of a full biological link.

او با برادر ناتنی خود رابطه بسیار صمیمی و دوستانه‌ای دارد.
He has a very close and friendly relationship with his stepbrother.

Understanding the nuance of this word requires looking at the prefix 'nā-'. In Persian, this prefix is prolific, appearing in words like 'nā-omīd' (hopeless) or 'nā-khosh' (unpleasant). By attaching it to 'tanī' (flesh-related), the language creates a clear boundary. Historically, inheritance laws in the Middle East often necessitated a precise vocabulary for siblings to determine the distribution of wealth, making terms like 'barādar-e nātanī' essential in legal documents. However, in contemporary literature and cinema, the 'barādar-e nātanī' often appears in narratives about family secrets, inheritance disputes, or the emotional journey of accepting a new family member after a parent's remarriage.

پس از ازدواج مجدد پدرش، او صاحب یک برادر ناتنی کوچک‌تر شد.
After his father's remarriage, he gained a younger stepbrother.

The evolution of the word also reflects changes in the Persian domestic sphere. In the past, polygamy (though now rare and socially discouraged in modern urban Iran) meant that children from different wives of the same father were 'barādar-e nātanī'. Today, the term more frequently arises in the context of divorce and remarriage. It is a neutral term, neither inherently positive nor negative, though its use can sometimes imply a certain emotional distance depending on the speaker's tone. For instance, in a legal dispute over a will, the term is used with clinical precision. In a heartfelt memoir, it might be used to describe the struggle of building a bond with a stranger who shares your home but not your DNA.

در وصیت‌نامه، ارث به طور مساوی بین او و برادر ناتنی‌اش تقسیم شد.
In the will, the inheritance was divided equally between him and his half-brother.

Synonymous Nuance: While 'nātanī' is the umbrella term, if you want to be extremely specific about a stepbrother (no blood relation), you might use 'farzand-e nā-pādarī' (child of the stepfather) or 'farzand-e nāmādarī' (child of the stepmother), though these are much more clunky and less common than simply saying 'barādar-e nātanī'.

آن‌ها از یک مادر هستند اما پدرانشان متفاوت است، پس برادر ناتنی یکدیگرند.
They are from the same mother but different fathers, so they are half-brothers.

In summary, 'barādar-e nātanī' is an essential B1-level vocabulary word for anyone wishing to describe complex family dynamics in Persian. It bridges the gap between biological reality and social structure, providing a clear way to navigate the nuances of modern Iranian families. Whether you are watching a Persian drama (Serial) or filling out a government form, this word will appear frequently as a marker of non-full biological brotherhood.

Using 'barādar-e nātanī' correctly requires an understanding of Persian Ezafe (the linking '-e' sound) and the placement of adjectives. Since 'nātanī' functions as an adjective modifying 'barādar', it follows the noun. In sentences, it can act as the subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. Because it involves family, it often appears with possessive pronouns or suffixes.

As a Subject: When the stepbrother is the one performing the action. Example: 'Barādar-e nātanī-am be mehmānī āmad' (My stepbrother came to the party).

برادر ناتنی او در آلمان زندگی می‌کند و هر سال به ایران می‌آید.
His half-brother lives in Germany and comes to Iran every year.

One of the most common ways to use this word is in the context of 'having' or 'possessing' a sibling. In Persian, we use the verb 'dāshtan'. For example, 'Man do barādar-e nātanī dāram' (I have two half-brothers). Note that the plural 'hā' is added to 'barādar', making it 'barādar-hā-ye nātanī' in formal speech, though in spoken Persian, people often say 'barādar nātani-yā'.

آیا تو هیچ برادر ناتنی یا خواهر ناتنی داری؟
Do you have any stepbrothers or stepsisters?

In more complex sentences, 'barādar-e nātanī' might be used to compare relationships. For instance, comparing a full brother ('tanī') to a half-brother ('nātanī'). This is common in legal or psychological discussions where the distinction is relevant to the topic at hand.

او همیشه می‌گفت که فرقی بین برادر تنی و برادر ناتنی قائل نیست.
He always said he makes no distinction between a full brother and a half-brother.

Using with Prepositions: Common prepositions used with this term include 'bā' (with), 'be' (to), and 'az' (from). 'Bā barādar-e nātanī-am harf zadam' (I talked with my half-brother).

من این هدیه را از طرف برادر ناتنی‌ام برای تو آورده‌ام.
I have brought this gift for you on behalf of my stepbrother.

In literary or dramatic contexts, the word often carries a weight of formal distance. If a character refers to someone as 'barādar-e nātanī-am' instead of 'barādaram', it often signals to the audience that there is a conflict or a lack of intimacy between them. This usage is a powerful tool for subtext in Persian storytelling.

در آن لحظه، او احساس کرد که برادر ناتنی‌اش بیشتر از هر کسی او را درک می‌کند.
At that moment, he felt that his half-brother understood him more than anyone else.

Finally, when addressing a group of siblings that includes both full and half brothers, one might use the collective 'barādarān' (brothers). The specific term 'barādar-e nātanī' is reserved for when the distinction is necessary for the listener's understanding of the family tree.

The term 'barādar-e nātanī' isn't just a dictionary entry; it's a word that surfaces in specific social and professional environments in Iran. If you are navigating Persian-speaking spaces, you are likely to encounter it in the following four areas: legal/administrative settings, storytelling/media, family history discussions, and psychological counseling.

1. Legal and Administrative Offices: In Iran, family law is quite detailed. When dealing with inheritance (ers), guardianship (velāyat), or even getting a passport, officials might ask about 'barādar-e nātanī'. This is because, under certain interpretations of law, the rights of a full brother might differ from those of a half-brother (especially depending on whether they share a father or a mother).

وکیل پرسید: «آیا مرحوم برادر ناتنی هم داشت که در وصیت‌نامه ذکر نشده باشد؟»
The lawyer asked, "Did the deceased also have a half-brother who wasn't mentioned in the will?"

2. **Persian TV Dramas and Cinema**: Persian 'Serials' (soap operas) are famous for complex family plots. A common trope involves a long-lost 'barādar-e nātanī' appearing to claim a share of a family business or to reveal a secret about a deceased father. In these contexts, the word is often used to create tension. The 'evil stepbrother' is a cliché, though modern Iranian cinema (like the works of Asghar Farhadi) uses the term more realistically to explore the complexities of blended families in urban Tehran.

در قسمت آخر سریال، مشخص شد که قهرمان داستان یک برادر ناتنی دارد.
In the final episode of the series, it was revealed that the protagonist has a stepbrother.

3. **Family Gatherings and Genealogy**: When elders (bozorgtar-hā) talk about family history, they use 'barādar-e nātanī' to explain who is who. You might hear this at a 'mehmānī' (party) when someone is trying to explain how two people are related. 'He is my father's son from his first wife' becomes 'u barādar-e nātanī-e man ast'.

مادربزرگ همیشه داستان‌هایی درباره برادر ناتنی‌اش که در جنگ بود تعریف می‌کرد.
Grandmother always told stories about her half-brother who was in the war.

4. Counseling and Psychology: With the rise of modern therapy in Iran, psychologists often discuss the dynamics between siblings in blended families. They use 'barādar-e nātanī' to analyze sibling rivalry, bonding, and the unique challenges faced by children who don't share both parents.

مشاور سعی کرد به آن‌ها کمک کند تا با برادر ناتنی جدیدشان کنار بیایند.
The counselor tried to help them get along with their new stepbrother.

In conclusion, you'll hear 'barādar-e nātanī' whenever the specifics of a family's biological or legal structure need to be clarified. It is a functional, descriptive term that carries varying degrees of emotional weight depending on whether it's being used by a judge, a storyteller, or a family member.

Learning to use 'barādar-e nātanī' involves avoiding several common linguistic and cultural pitfalls. Because Persian grammar differs significantly from English, and because the cultural context of 'family' is distinct, students often make the following errors.

Mistake 1: Forgetting the Ezafe: The most common grammatical error is saying 'barādar nātanī' without the linking 'e'. In Persian, adjectives must be linked to nouns. Correct: 'Barādar-E nātanī'. Incorrect: 'Barādar nātanī'.

اشتباه: من یک برادر ناتنی (بدون کسره) دارم.
درست: من یک برادرِ ناتنی دارم.
Note: The 'e' sound is often not written but must be pronounced.

Mistake 2: Confusing 'Nātanī' with 'Nā-pādarī' or 'Nā-mādarī'. Some students try to translate 'stepbrother' literally by combining 'brother' with 'stepfather'. They might say 'barādar-e nā-pādarī'. While understandable, this is not the standard term. 'Nātanī' is the universal adjective for both half and step siblings.

او برادر ناتنی من است، نه «برادر ناپدری».
He is my stepbrother, not 'stepfather-brother'.

Mistake 3: Overusing the term in social settings. As mentioned before, calling someone your 'barādar-e nātanī' in a warm social context can sound a bit clinical or even rude. It emphasizes the 'lack' of a full blood bond. If you want to show affection, just use 'barādar' or the informal 'dādāsh'.

در مهمانی بهتر است بگویید «برادرم» تا اینکه بگویید «این برادر ناتنی من است».
At a party, it's better to say "my brother" than "this is my stepbrother."

Mistake 4: Pluralization Errors: When talking about multiple stepbrothers, the plural marker goes on the noun, not the adjective. Correct: 'barādar-hā-ye nātanī'. Incorrect: 'barādar nātanī-hā'.

من دو برادر ناتنی دارم. (In Persian, after a number, the noun stays singular).
Correct: I have two stepbrother (singular form used with numbers).

Mistake 5: Confusing 'nātanī' with 'nā-khāndeh' (adopted/unrelated). While a stepbrother is 'nātanī', an adopted brother is sometimes called 'farzand-khāndeh' or 'barādar-khāndeh'. 'Nātanī' usually implies a parent-link through marriage or one shared biological parent.

To truly master Persian vocabulary, you must understand how 'barādar-e nātanī' relates to other kinship terms. Persian has a rich lexicon for family, often more specific than English. Here is a breakdown of similar words and how they differ from our target term.

Barādar-e Tanī (Full Brother): The direct opposite. 'Tanī' means 'of the body'. This refers to a brother who shares both biological parents. It is the gold standard for biological closeness in Persian.
Dādāsh (Informal Brother): A very common, friendly term for 'brother'. You can say 'dādāsh-e nātanī' for a stepbrother you are close to, or just 'dādāsh' to ignore the 'nātanī' status altogether.

او برای من مثل یک برادر تنی است، هرچند که در واقع برادر ناتنی من است.
He is like a full brother to me, even though he is actually my half-brother.

Another interesting term is 'Hamshīr'. While 'hamshīreh' often refers to a sister in modern Persian, its literal meaning is 'of the same milk'. Historically, 'hamshīr' could refer to siblings (of either gender) who shared a wet nurse. In the context of 'nātanī' siblings, if they were raised together from infancy, they might feel like 'hamshīr' even if they aren't 'tanī'.

در قدیم، به برادرانی که از یک دایه شیر می‌خوردند، برادر رضاعی می‌گفتند که نوعی برادر ناتنی معنوی بود.
In the past, brothers who drank milk from the same nurse were called 'milk brothers,' a kind of spiritual half-brother.

Let's look at 'Barādar-khāndeh'. This means 'called brother' or 'adopted brother'. This is different from 'nātanī' because 'nātanī' usually implies a marriage link between parents. A 'barādar-khāndeh' might be a very close friend who has been 'adopted' into the family heart, or a legally adopted child with no biological link to either parent.

او برادر خونی من نیست، بلکه برادرخوانده‌ام است، اما از هر برادر ناتنی‌ای به من نزدیک‌تر است.
He is not my blood brother, but my adopted brother, yet he is closer to me than any half-brother.

Ham-sāyeh (Neighbor) vs. Ham-khūneh (Housemate): While not kinship terms, 'nātanī' siblings are often 'ham-khūneh' (living in the same house). In Persian culture, sharing a 'sofreh' (dining cloth/table) is a powerful bond that can make a 'barādar-e nātanī' feel like a full brother.

In summary, while 'barādar-e nātanī' is the precise term for step/half-brothers, the Persian language offers a spectrum of terms from the biological 'tanī' to the informal 'dādāsh' and the spiritual 'barādar-khāndeh' to describe the many ways men can be brothers.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'tan' (body) in Persian is related to the English word 'tendon' and 'thin' through Proto-Indo-European roots meaning 'to stretch'.

発音ガイド

UK /bæɾɒːˈdæɾe nɒːtæˈniː/

US /bæɾɒːˈdæɾe nɒːtæˈniː/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of 'nātanī' (nī). There is a secondary stress on the last syllable of 'barādar' (dar).

韻が合う語

nātanī ma'nanī badanī vatanī zanī shikanī bi-kanī sokhanī

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'nā' as a short 'a' (like 'cat'). It should be long (like 'saw').
Omitting the Ezafe (the '-e-' sound) between the two words.
Putting the stress on the first syllable of 'barādar'.
Treating 'nā' and 'tanī' as two separate words with a pause.
Mispronouncing 'tanī' as 'tānī'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to read if you know 'barādar' and the prefix 'nā-'.

ライティング 3/5

Requires correct use of Ezafe and spelling of 'nātanī'.

スピーキング 3/5

The 'ā' sounds and the linking '-e' need practice for fluency.

リスニング 2/5

Clearly distinguishable in most conversations.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

برادر پدر مادر خانواده تنی

次に学ぶ

ناپدری نامادری خواهر ناتنی ارث ازدواج

上級

صلبی بطنی رضاعی قرابت نسب

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction

برادرِ ناتنی (The '-e' links the noun and adjective).

Prefix 'nā-' for negation

ناتنی (nā + tanī), ناامید (nā + omīd).

Pluralization of Compound Nouns

برادرهای ناتنی (Add 'hā' to the first part).

Possessive Suffixes

برادر ناتنی‌ام (My stepbrother).

Numbers and Nouns

دو برادر ناتنی (Noun remains singular after a number).

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レベル別の例文

من یک برادر ناتنی دارم.

I have one stepbrother.

Uses the basic 'Subject + Object + Verb' structure.

برادر ناتنی من کجاست؟

Where is my half-brother?

Question form with 'kojāst'.

او برادر ناتنی من است.

He is my stepbrother.

Simple identification with 'ast'.

نام برادر ناتنی تو چیست؟

What is your stepbrother's name?

Possessive 'to' (your).

برادر ناتنی من مهربان است.

My stepbrother is kind.

Subject + Adjective + Verb.

آیا او برادر ناتنی تو است؟

Is he your half-brother?

Yes/No question with 'āyā'.

برادر ناتنی من ده سال دارد.

My stepbrother is ten years old.

Expressing age in Persian.

من و برادر ناتنی‌ام بازی می‌کنیم.

My stepbrother and I are playing.

Compound subject with 'va' (and).

برادر ناتنی‌ام امروز به خانه ما می‌آید.

My stepbrother is coming to our house today.

Uses possessive suffix '-am'.

او برادر ناتنی بزرگتر من است.

He is my older half-brother.

Adding the adjective 'bozorgtar' (older).

من برای برادر ناتنی‌ام یک هدیه خریدم.

I bought a gift for my stepbrother.

Past tense 'kharidam'.

برادر ناتنی تو در کدام مدرسه درس می‌خواند؟

In which school does your half-brother study?

Compound verb 'dars khāndan'.

ما با برادر ناتنی‌مان به پارک رفتیم.

We went to the park with our stepbrother.

Plural possessive suffix '-mān'.

برادر ناتنی او خیلی بلندقد است.

His stepbrother is very tall.

Adjective 'boland-ghad' (tall).

او دو برادر ناتنی و یک خواهر تنی دارد.

He has two stepbrothers and one full sister.

Contrast between 'nātanī' and 'tanī'.

آیا برادر ناتنی‌ات را دوست داری؟

Do you like your stepbrother?

Direct object marker 'rā'.

رابطه من با برادر ناتنی‌ام پس از سال‌ها بهتر شده است.

My relationship with my stepbrother has improved after years.

Present perfect 'behtar shodeh ast'.

او فهمید که یک برادر ناتنی دارد که هرگز او را ندیده بود.

He realized he had a half-brother he had never seen.

Relative clause with 'ke'.

برادر ناتنی‌اش از ازدواج قبلی پدرش است.

His half-brother is from his father's previous marriage.

Prepositional phrase 'az ezdevāj-e ghablī'.

آن‌ها برادر ناتنی هستند اما شباهت زیادی به هم دارند.

They are half-brothers but look very much alike.

Noun 'shabāhat' (resemblance).

برادر ناتنی من تصمیم دارد برای ادامه تحصیل به خارج برود.

My stepbrother intends to go abroad to continue his studies.

Infinitive phrase 'edāmeh-ye tahsīl'.

والدینم سعی می‌کنند بین من و برادر ناتنی‌ام تبعیض قائل نشوند.

My parents try not to discriminate between me and my stepbrother.

Complex verb 'tab'īz ghā'el shodan'.

او همیشه برادر ناتنی‌اش را مثل برادر واقعی خودش می‌دانست.

He always considered his stepbrother like his own real brother.

Verb 'dānestan' (to consider/know).

آیا برادر ناتنی‌ات در مراسم عروسی شرکت خواهد کرد؟

Will your stepbrother attend the wedding ceremony?

Future tense 'sherkat khāhad kard'.

در بسیاری از فرهنگ‌ها، برادر ناتنی عضوی کامل از خانواده محسوب می‌شود.

In many cultures, a stepbrother is considered a full member of the family.

Passive construction 'mahsūb mī-shavad'.

اختلافات مالی باعث دوری او از برادر ناتنی‌اش شده بود.

Financial disputes had caused his estrangement from his half-brother.

Subject is a complex noun phrase 'ekhtelāfāt-e mālī'.

او از اینکه برادر ناتنی‌اش به موفقیت بزرگی رسیده بود، خوشحال بود.

He was happy that his stepbrother had achieved great success.

Subordinate clause starting with 'az inke'.

پذیرش یک برادر ناتنی جدید در خانواده ممکن است زمان‌بر باشد.

Accepting a new stepbrother into the family may be time-consuming.

Gerund-like use of 'pazīresh' (acceptance).

قانون ارث برای برادر ناتنی در کشورهای مختلف متفاوت است.

The law of inheritance for half-brothers varies in different countries.

Formal register 'ghānūn-e ers'.

او با برادر ناتنی‌اش بر سر مدیریت شرکت خانوادگی توافق کردند.

He and his stepbrother reached an agreement over managing the family company.

Prepositional phrase 'bar sar-e' (over/about).

داستان فیلم درباره دو برادر ناتنی است که پس از سال‌ها همدیگر را پیدا می‌کنند.

The film's story is about two half-brothers who find each other after years.

Relative clause with 'ke'.

او متوجه شد که برادر ناتنی‌اش رازهای زیادی را از او پنهان کرده است.

He realized that his stepbrother had hidden many secrets from him.

Past perfect 'penhān kardeh ast'.

پیوندهای عاطفی گاهی فراتر از نسبت‌های خونی، حتی در مورد برادر ناتنی، می‌روند.

Emotional bonds sometimes go beyond blood relations, even in the case of a stepbrother.

Abstract vocabulary like 'peyvand-hā-ye ātefī'.

پیچیدگی‌های حقوقی مربوط به سهم‌الارث برادر ناتنی نیازمند بررسی دقیق است.

The legal complexities regarding the inheritance share of a half-brother require careful examination.

Academic terms like 'sahm-ol-ers' and 'barresī-ye daghīgh'.

او در رمان خود به واکاوی روانشناختی رابطه تیره با برادر ناتنی‌اش می‌پردازد.

In his novel, he engages in a psychological analysis of the dark relationship with his stepbrother.

Literary verb 'pardākhtan be' (to engage in/deal with).

علیرغم اینکه آن‌ها برادر ناتنی بودند، وفاداری‌شان به یکدیگر زبانزد خاص و عام بود.

Despite being half-brothers, their loyalty to each other was legendary (known by everyone).

Idiomatic expression 'zabānzad-e khās va ām'.

در این پژوهش، تأثیر حضور برادر ناتنی بر ساختار قدرت در خانواده‌های بازسازی‌شده بررسی می‌شود.

In this research, the impact of a stepbrother's presence on the power structure in reconstituted families is examined.

Formal research terminology.

او همواره احساس می‌کرد که به عنوان یک برادر ناتنی، در حاشیه خانواده قرار دارد.

He always felt that as a stepbrother, he was on the fringes of the family.

Metaphorical use of 'dar hāshiyeh' (on the margins).

تنش‌های موجود بین او و برادر ناتنی‌اش ریشه در رقابت‌های دوران کودکی داشت.

The existing tensions between him and his half-brother were rooted in childhood rivalries.

Phrase 'rīsheh dar ... dāshtan' (to be rooted in).

او با سعه صدر توانست کدورت‌های دیرینه با برادر ناتنی‌اش را برطرف کند.

With magnanimity, he was able to resolve long-standing grievances with his stepbrother.

Sophisticated vocabulary 'se'eh-ye sadr' and 'kodūrat'.

در متون کلاسیک، تقابل میان برادر تنی و برادر ناتنی مضمونی مکرر برای تبیین مفاهیم عدالت و خیانت است.

In classical texts, the juxtaposition between the full brother and the half-brother is a frequent theme for explaining concepts of justice and betrayal.

High-level academic structure.

ظرافت‌های معنایی واژه «ناتنی» در زبان فارسی، گویای نگاهی هستی‌شناختی به پیوندهای جسمانی و روحانی است.

The semantic nuances of the word 'nātanī' in Persian speak to an ontological view of physical and spiritual bonds.

Philosophical vocabulary 'hastī-shenākhtī'.

او در نطقی غرا، بر لزوم برابری حقوقی میان برادران تنی و ناتنی در تمامی شئون زندگی تأکید ورزید.

In an eloquent speech, he emphasized the necessity of legal equality between full and half brothers in all aspects of life.

Archaic/Formal verb 'ta'kīd varzīdan'.

استحاله رابطه او با برادر ناتنی‌اش از خصومت به اخوت، درون‌مایه اصلی این تراژدی مدرن است.

The transformation of his relationship with his half-brother from hostility to brotherhood is the main theme of this modern tragedy.

Words like 'estehāleh' (transformation) and 'okhovvat' (brotherhood).

تحلیل هرمنوتیک وصیت‌نامه‌های تاریخی نشان‌دهنده جایگاه متغیر برادر ناتنی در سلسله‌مراتب اجتماعی است.

Hermeneutic analysis of historical wills shows the changing position of the half-brother in the social hierarchy.

Technical term 'hermenūtīk'.

او با ظرافتی بی‌نظیر، مرزهای میان برادر ناتنی و برادرخوانده را در جستار خود ترسیم کرد.

With unique delicacy, he delineated the boundaries between stepbrother and adopted brother in his essay.

Formal word 'jostār' (essay).

گسست پیوند با برادر ناتنی، برای او به مثابه از دست دادن بخشی از هویت تاریخی‌اش بود.

Breaking the bond with his half-brother was for him tantamount to losing a part of his historical identity.

Formal comparison 'be masābeh-ye' (tantamount to/as).

پارادوکس موجود در اصطلاح «برادر ناتنی»، بازتابی از کشمکش میان طبیعت و قراردادهای اجتماعی است.

The paradox inherent in the term 'nātanī brother' is a reflection of the struggle between nature and social contracts.

Abstract concept 'keshmakesh' (struggle/conflict).

類義語

برادرخوانده داداش ناتنی برادر از طرف پدر برادر از طرف مادر هم‌شیر برادر صلبی برادر بطنی پسرخوانده

反対語

برادر تنی خواهر ناتنی برادر خونی بیگانه

よく使う組み合わせ

داشتن برادر ناتنی

رابطه با برادر ناتنی

پذیرش برادر ناتنی

ارث برادر ناتنی

دعوا با برادر ناتنی

شباهت به برادر ناتنی

برادر ناتنی بزرگتر

برادر ناتنی کوچکتر

دیدار با برادر ناتنی

حمایت از برادر ناتنی

よく使うフレーズ

مثل برادر ناتنی

— Used to describe a relationship that feels slightly distant or formal.

آن‌ها مثل برادر ناتنی با هم رفتار می‌کنند.

برادر ناتنی ناتنی

— Sometimes used colloquially to emphasize there is absolutely no blood relation (stepbrother).

او برادر ناتنی ناتنی من است، یعنی هیچ رگ مشترکی نداریم.

فقط یک برادر ناتنی

— Used when clarifying family size.

من برادر تنی ندارم، فقط یک برادر ناتنی دارم.

برادر ناتنی ناتنی‌ام

— My stepbrother (using the possessive suffix).

برادر ناتنی‌ام امروز کنکور دارد.

ازدواج و برادر ناتنی

— Commonly linked topics in family discussions.

بعد از ازدواج دوم مادرم، صاحب یک برادر ناتنی شدم.

نامادری و برادر ناتنی

— Referring to the family structure involving a stepmother.

نامادری‌ام پسرش را آورد و او برادر ناتنی من شد.

ناپدری و برادر ناتنی

— Referring to the family structure involving a stepfather.

با ناپدری‌ام و برادر ناتنی‌ام زندگی می‌کنم.

فرق برادر تنی و ناتنی

— The difference between full and half brothers.

فرق برادر تنی و ناتنی در چیست؟

برادر ناتنی عزیز

— An affectionate way to refer to them, showing closeness.

برادر ناتنی عزیزم، تولدت مبارک.

حقوق برادر ناتنی

— Legal rights of a half-brother.

حقوق برادر ناتنی در اسلام متفاوت است.

よく混同される語

برادر ناتنی vs برادرخوانده

This means adopted brother, while 'nātanī' usually implies a parent-link through marriage.

برادر ناتنی vs برادر زن / برادر شوهر

These are brothers-in-law. 'Nātanī' is only for siblings.

برادر ناتنی vs پسرخاله / پسردایی

These are cousins. 'Nātanī' is for brothers.

慣用句と表現

"برادر ناتنی بودن"

— Sometimes used metaphorically to mean two things that look similar but have different origins.

این دو طرح برادر ناتنی هم هستند.

colloquial

"ناتنی بودن"

— To feel like an outsider or not fully part of a group.

در آن شرکت احساس ناتنی بودن می‌کردم.

metaphorical

"برادری که ناتنی ماند"

— Refers to a relationship that never became close despite the familial link.

او برای من همیشه یک برادر ناتنی ماند.

literary

"گوشت هم را بخورند استخوان هم را دور نمی‌اندازند"

— Even if siblings (including half-siblings) fight, they will still support each other in the end.

نگران نباش، آن‌ها برادرند؛ گوشت هم را بخورند...

proverb

"از یک رگ نبودن"

— Not being of the same vein (blood); often said of half-siblings.

آن‌ها از یک رگ نیستند، برای همین اخلاقشان فرق دارد.

informal

"برادر ناتنی، دشمن جانی"

— A harsh, old-fashioned idiom implying step-siblings are enemies (rarely used now).

قدیمی‌ها می‌گفتند برادر ناتنی، دشمن جانی، اما الان اینطور نیست.

archaic

"پسر بابا، نه پسر مامان"

— A way to describe a half-brother from the father's side.

او فقط پسر بابای منه، برادر ناتنی‌امه.

slang

"وصله ناجور"

— A 'mismatched patch'; sometimes cruelly used for a step-sibling who doesn't fit in.

او را مثل یک وصله ناجور در خانواده می‌دیدند.

informal/negative

"برادر تنی‌اش را به ناتنی نمی‌دهد"

— He prefers his full brother over his half-brother.

معلوم است که او برادر تنی‌اش را به ناتنی نمی‌دهد.

informal

"یک سفره و دو برادر"

— Emphasizing shared living over blood relations.

مهم نیست ناتنی هستند، سر یک سفره بزرگ شده‌اند.

proverbial

間違えやすい

برادر ناتنی vs ناپدری

Both start with 'nā'.

'Nāpādarī' is the stepfather; 'barādar-e nātanī' is his son or your father's son by another wife.

ناپدری من یک پسر دارد که برادر ناتنی من است.

برادر ناتنی vs تنی

Opposite meanings.

'Tanī' is full blood; 'nātanī' is half or step.

او برادر تنی من است، نه ناتنی.

برادر ناتنی vs هم‌خون

Related to biology.

'Ham-khūn' means blood-related. A stepbrother might NOT be 'ham-khūn', but a half-brother IS.

برادر ناتنی من از طرف پدر، با من هم‌خون است.

برادر ناتنی vs فرزندخوانده

Both are 'non-traditional' siblings.

'Farzand-khāndeh' is an adopted child; 'barādar-e nātanī' is a step/half brother.

او فرزندخوانده خانواده است، اما برادر ناتنی من محسوب می‌شود.

برادر ناتنی vs دوست

Sometimes used for close stepbrothers.

A 'dūst' is a friend; 'barādar-e nātanī' is a legal/biological family member.

او برادر ناتنی من است، اما بهترین دوست من هم هست.

文型パターン

من یک برادر ناتنی دارم.

[اسم] برادر ناتنی من است.

علی برادر ناتنی من است.

رابطه من با برادر ناتنی‌ام [صفت] است.

رابطه من با برادر ناتنی‌ام خوب است.

او برادر ناتنی من از طرف [والد] است.

او برادر ناتنی من از طرف پدر است.

علیرغم ناتنی بودن، ما مثل برادر تنی هستیم.

برادر ناتنی من [صفت] است.

برادر ناتنی من بزرگ است.

آیا تو برادر ناتنی داری؟

مفهوم برادر ناتنی در ادبیات...

مفهوم برادر ناتنی در ادبیات فارسی بسیار پیچیده است.

語族

名詞

برادر (brother)

تنی (full-blood relationship)

تن (body)

برادری (brotherhood)

動詞

برادری کردن (to act like a brother)

形容詞

ناتنی (step/half)

تنی (full)

برادرانه (brotherly)

使い方

frequency

Common in family discussions and legal contexts.

よくある間違い

Barādar nātanī → Barādar-e nātanī
Missing the Ezafe (linking 'e').
Barādar-e nāpādarī → Barādar-e nātanī
Trying to translate 'stepbrother' too literally from 'step' + 'father'.
Barādar nātanī-hā → Barādar-hā-ye nātanī
Pluralizing the adjective instead of the noun.
Using it for brother-in-law. → Barādar-zan / Barādar-shohar
'Nātanī' is only for siblings sharing parents.
Pronouncing 'nā' as 'na'. → nā (long 'ā')
The 'ā' must be long and deep.

ヒント

Master the Ezafe

Always remember the short 'e' sound between 'barādar' and 'nātanī'. It's essential for the phrase to be grammatically correct.

Use 'Barādar' for Closeness

If you want to show you love your stepbrother, just call him 'barādaram' (my brother) in public. It's more polite and warm.

Prefix Power

Remember that 'nā-' means 'not'. This will help you understand many other Persian words like 'nā-omīd' (hopeless).

No Space Needed

In modern Persian, 'nātanī' is often written without a space, or with a tiny 'half-space' (Nim-fāseleh).

Listen for 'Dādāsh'

In movies, characters often use 'dādāsh' instead of 'barādar'. Don't let it confuse you!

Inheritance Context

If you hear this word in a legal context, it almost always refers to a half-brother (sharing one parent).

Stress the End

The stress in 'nātanī' is on the 'nī'. Practice saying it: nā-tæ-NĪ.

Introductions

When introducing a stepbrother, you can say 'Ishān barādaram hastand' (They are my brother) to be extra respectful.

Look for Context

Since the word means both 'half' and 'step', look at the surrounding sentences to see if a biological link is mentioned.

Practice Suffixes

Practice adding possessive suffixes: nātanī-am, nātanī-at, nātanī-ash.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'No-Tan'. 'Nā' = No/Not. 'Tan' = Body. A stepbrother is a brother who does 'No' share the same 'Tan' (body) with you through both parents.

視覚的連想

Imagine a family tree where one branch is colored differently. That different branch is your 'barādar-e nātanī'.

Word Web

خانواده (family) پدر (father) مادر (mother) ازدواج (marriage) برادر (brother) ناتنی (step) تنی (full) ارث (inheritance)

チャレンジ

Try to describe your family tree to a friend using 'nātanī' and 'tanī' for all your siblings and cousins.

語源

From Middle Persian 'brādar' (brother) and 'nā-tanīg' (not of the body). 'Barādar' is a cognate with English 'brother' and Latin 'frater'.

元の意味： The original meaning of 'nātanī' is literally 'not of the physical body of the same mother/parents'.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化的な背景

Avoid using 'nātanī' repeatedly if the person is present, as it can sound exclusionary. Use 'barādar' (brother) instead.

English distinguishes between 'half' and 'step'. Persian uses 'nātanī' for both, which can sometimes cause confusion for English speakers who want to be more specific.

The movie 'Barādar-e Nātanī' (fictional example in many scripts) Stories in 'Shahnameh' involving half-brothers (like Rostam and Shaghad) Modern Iranian TV dramas (Serials) like 'Setayesh'

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Introducing family

این برادر ناتنی من است.
او از ازدواج اول پدرم است.
ما با هم بزرگ شدیم.
او را خیلی دوست دارم.

Legal discussions

سهم برادر ناتنی چقدر است؟
آیا او برادر ناتنی قانونی است؟
نام او در شناسنامه هست؟
گواهی انحصار وراثت.

Storytelling

ناگهان برادر ناتنی‌اش وارد شد.
آن‌ها سال‌ها از هم بی‌خبر بودند.
رازی که برادر ناتنی می‌دانست.
رقابت بین دو برادر.

School/Work forms

نسبت خانوادگی: برادر ناتنی
تعداد برادران ناتنی
نام برادر
اطلاعات تماس.

Psychology

حسادت بین برادران ناتنی
ایجاد پیوند عاطفی
خانواده‌های چندپاره
نقش برادر بزرگتر.

会話のきっかけ

"آیا تو هیچ برادر ناتنی یا خواهر ناتنی داری؟ (Do you have any step/half siblings?)"

"رابطه تو با برادر ناتنی‌ات چطور است؟ (How is your relationship with your stepbrother?)"

"به نظر تو زندگی در یک خانواده با برادر ناتنی سخت است؟ (Do you think living with a stepbrother is hard?)"

"آیا برادر ناتنی‌ات شبیه تو است؟ (Is your half-brother like you?)"

"خاطره جالبی با برادر ناتنی‌ات داری؟ (Do you have an interesting memory with your stepbrother?)"

日記のテーマ

درباره اهمیت پیوند عاطفی در مقابل پیوند خونی در مورد برادر ناتنی بنویسید. (Write about the importance of emotional vs blood bonds regarding stepbrothers.)

اگر یک برادر ناتنی جدید داشتید، چگونه با او رفتار می‌کردید؟ (If you had a new stepbrother, how would you treat him?)

تفاوت‌های فرهنگی در برخورد با برادر ناتنی را توصیف کنید. (Describe cultural differences in dealing with stepbrothers.)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره دو برادر ناتنی که با هم صمیمی هستند بنویسید. (Write a short story about two half-brothers who are close.)

آیا کلمه 'ناتنی' بار معنایی منفی دارد؟ چرا؟ (Does the word 'nātanī' have a negative connotation? Why?)

よくある質問

10 問

It means both. In Persian, 'nātanī' is a general term for any brother who isn't a full biological sibling. If you want to be specific, you have to add more details like 'from my father's side'.

You can say 'dādāsh-e nātanī-am' or simply 'dādāsh' if you are close.

It's not rude, but it is clinical. Using it too much can sound like you are trying to distance yourself from the person. In friendly settings, 'barādar' is preferred.

The opposite is 'barādar-e tanī', which means a full biological brother.

Yes, but you must change 'barādar' to 'khāhar'. 'Khāhar-e nātanī' means stepsister or half-sister.

The most common way is 'barādar-hā-ye nātanī'.

Yes, it is used in inheritance law to distinguish between full and half siblings, as their shares can differ.

Not really. 'Nātanī' is the shortest adjective to describe this relationship.

Yes, you can have a 'mādar-e nātanī' (stepmother), though 'nāmādarī' is more common for that specific role.

In correct Persian, yes. It's the Ezafe that connects the noun to its adjective.

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