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A1 noun #200 よく出る 7分で読める

کار

kar 上位200

練習する例文メモとヒント کار 30秒で

解説 کار in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'Kār' is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'work' or 'job'. Learners focus on simple present tense sentences like 'Man kār dāram' (I have work) or 'Kār-e man sakht ast' (My work is hard). The emphasis is on identifying daily activities and basic employment. You learn to distinguish between 'Kār' (work) and 'Madrese' (school). It's used in very literal ways to describe being busy or having a task to complete. Understanding the compound verb 'Kār kardan' is the primary grammatical goal at this stage, as it introduces the concept of how Persian verbs are often formed by a noun and a helper verb.

At the A2 level, the usage of 'Kār' expands to include more social interactions. You learn to ask others about their work ('Kāretun chist?') and describe your workplace ('Man dar dāneshgāh kār mikonam'). You start using 'Kār' in the context of errands and chores, such as 'Kār-haye khāne' (housework). The concept of 'Donbāl-e kār gashtan' (looking for work) is introduced. Learners also begin to see 'Kār' in common polite phrases like 'Khaste nabāshid', which acknowledges someone's labor. You also learn to use 'Kār' with adjectives to describe the quality of work, like 'Kār-e khub' (good work) or 'Kār-e dasti' (handmade work).

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At the B1 level, 'Kār' becomes part of more complex sentence structures and abstract concepts. You might discuss 'Sharāyet-e kār' (working conditions) or 'Mohit-e kār' (work environment). The word starts appearing in more formal contexts, such as 'Gharārdād-e kār' (employment contract). You learn to use 'Kār' to describe the function of things, like 'In dāru kār mikonad' (This medicine works/is effective). Idiomatic expressions like 'Kār dāshtan bā kasi' (to have business with someone/need to talk to someone) become common. You also start to distinguish 'Kār' from more specific terms like 'Shoghl' (profession) and 'Vazifeh' (duty) in nuanced conversations.

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At the B2 level, 'Kār' is used in professional and academic discussions. You might analyze 'Bāzār-e kār' (the labor market) or 'Niru-ye kār' (labor force). The word appears in compound nouns like 'Kār-āfarini' (entrepreneurship) and 'Kār-āmad' (efficient). You can discuss work-life balance and the societal impact of different types of 'Kār'. Complex idioms like 'Kār az kār gozashtan' (it's too late/the damage is done) are introduced. You are expected to use 'Kār' fluently in debates about productivity, ethics in the workplace, and the historical evolution of labor in Iran.

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At the C1 level, 'Kār' is explored through its literary and philosophical dimensions. You study 'Kār-nāme' (records/chronicles) in historical texts. The word is used to discuss human agency, 'Amal' vs 'Kerdār', and the philosophical value of work in Persian poetry (e.g., Rumi or Saadi). You understand the subtle registers where 'Kār' might be replaced by 'Amaliyat' (operations) or 'Eshteqāl' (employment) in high-level administrative or legal Persian. You can interpret metaphors involving 'Kār' in classical literature and use the word to describe complex social phenomena like 'Kār-e kudak' (child labor) with sophisticated vocabulary.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'Kār' in all its archaic, contemporary, and specialized forms. You can differentiate between the 'Kār' of a craftsman, the 'Kār' of a mystic (spiritual work), and the 'Kār' of a politician. You understand the etymological roots of 'Kār' in Middle Persian and its relationship to words in other Indo-European languages. You can use 'Kār' in highly nuanced rhetorical ways, such as in political speeches or complex legal arguments. You are familiar with rare proverbs and can use 'Kār' to express subtle irony or deep cultural insights in academic writing.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

کار 30秒で

Kār is the primary Persian word for work, job, or task.
It is used in the compound verb 'Kār kardan' to mean 'to work'.
It can refer to professional employment, household chores, or moral deeds.
Commonly heard in phrases like 'Khaste nabāshid' (acknowledging work).

The Persian word کار (Kār) is one of the most fundamental and versatile nouns in the Persian language. At its core, it translates to 'work,' 'job,' 'task,' or 'activity.' However, its utility extends far beyond a simple professional designation. In the Persian-speaking world, 'Kār' encompasses everything from a professional career to a small daily chore, an action, or even a functional state of an object. Understanding 'Kār' is essential for any learner because it serves as the building block for numerous compound verbs and idiomatic expressions that describe human agency and productivity.

Professional Context: In a formal or semi-formal setting, 'Kār' refers to one's employment or occupation. When someone asks 'Kāretun chist?' (What is your work?), they are inquiring about your profession. It is the general term for labor performed in exchange for a salary or as a contribution to society.

من امروز خیلی کار دارم و نمی‌توانم به مهمانی بیایم.

Translation: I have a lot of work today and cannot come to the party.

Daily Tasks and Chores: Beyond the office, 'Kār' applies to household chores or specific errands. 'Kār-haye khāne' (housework) is a common phrase. It implies any effort directed toward a specific result, whether it is washing dishes or finishing a homework assignment.

Functional State: Interestingly, 'Kār' is used to describe if a machine or a plan is functioning. If a watch is working, we say 'Kār mikonad'. If a plan is effective, we say 'Kār-āmad' (efficient/working).

این ساعت قدیمی هنوز خوب کار می‌کند.

Translation: This old watch still works well.

Culturally, 'Kār' is associated with dignity and purpose. Persian literature often emphasizes the value of hard work and the 'Kār-nāme' (record of deeds). Whether you are a student, a CEO, or a craftsman, 'Kār' is the common thread that defines your daily contribution to the world around you.

Using 'Kār' correctly requires understanding its role as both a standalone noun and a component of compound verbs. In Persian, the grammar surrounding 'Kār' is relatively straightforward for English speakers, but the nuances of its collocations are where the richness lies. Let's explore how to integrate this word into your daily Persian conversation.

The Verb 'To Work': The most common usage is in the compound verb 'Kār kardan'. Unlike English, where 'work' can be a verb on its own, Persian almost always requires the helper verb. Example: 'Man dar bānk kār mikonam' (I work in a bank).

او سخت کار می‌کند تا موفق شود.

Translation: He works hard to succeed.

Possession and Availability: When you want to say you are busy or have things to do, you use 'Kār dāshtan'. 'Kār dāri?' means 'Are you busy?' or 'Do you have something to do?'. It is a polite way to check someone's availability.

Seeking Employment: To look for a job, you use the phrase 'Donbāl-e kār gashtan'. Here, 'Donbāl-e' means 'following' or 'looking for'. Example: 'Barādaram donbāl-e kār migardad' (My brother is looking for a job).

پیدا کردن کار در این شهر آسان نیست.

Translation: Finding work in this city is not easy.

In plural form, 'Kār-hā' refers to tasks or deeds. For example, 'Kār-hāye nik' means 'good deeds'. This versatility makes 'Kār' a foundational pillar for constructing both simple and complex sentences in Persian.

'Kār' is omnipresent in Persian daily life. From the bustling bazaars of Tehran to the quiet offices of Shiraz, you will hear this word in various contexts. It is the heartbeat of social and economic interaction.

In the Workplace: Colleagues will often ask each other, 'Kār-hā chetor pish miravad?' (How are the tasks/works going?). In formal meetings, 'dastur-e kār' refers to the agenda. You'll hear it in every professional discussion regarding projects, deadlines, and responsibilities.

خسته نباشید، کارتان عالی بود!

Translation: Don't be tired (a greeting), your work was excellent!

At Home and Socially: When visiting friends, if you see them busy, you might say 'Be kāretun beresid' (Attend to your work/don't let me disturb you). It shows respect for their time and tasks. Parents often ask children, 'Kār-hāye madrese-at rā anjām dādi?' (Did you do your school work/homework?).

In the Marketplace: Artisans and shopkeepers use 'Kār' to refer to their products. A jeweler might say, 'In kār-e dast ast' (This is hand-work/handmade). Here, 'Kār' represents the craftsmanship and the physical object produced.

این کار هنری بسیار باارزش است.

Translation: This artwork is very valuable.

Whether it's the 'Kār-gar' (worker) on a construction site or the 'Kār-mand' (employee) in a government building, the word 'Kār' defines the social structure and daily rhythm of Persian-speaking societies.

While 'Kār' is a simple word, English speakers often make specific errors when translating directly from English concepts of 'work' or 'job'. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Persian sound much more natural.

Kār vs. Shoghl: A common mistake is using 'Kār' when 'Shoghl' (profession/occupation) is more appropriate. While 'Kār' is general, 'Shoghl' is specifically your career title. If someone asks 'Shoghle shomā chist?', they want to know if you are a doctor, teacher, etc. 'Kār' is the activity; 'Shoghl' is the identity.

اشتباه: کار من معلمی است. (بهتر است بگویید: شغل من معلمی است)

Note: While 'Kār' isn't strictly wrong, 'Shoghl' is more precise for professions.

Omitting the Helper Verb: English speakers often try to use 'Kār' as a verb directly (e.g., 'Man kār dar bānk'). In Persian, you MUST use 'kardan'. It should always be 'Man kār mikonam'. Without the verb 'kardan', the sentence is incomplete and grammatically incorrect.

Kār vs. Vazifeh: Sometimes learners use 'Kār' to mean 'duty' or 'responsibility'. While 'Kār' can imply this, 'Vazifeh' is the specific word for an obligation. If you say 'In kār-e man ast', it means 'This is my job/task'. If you say 'In vazifeh-ye man ast', it means 'This is my duty'.

او به کارش اهمیت نمی‌دهد.

Translation: He doesn't care about his work (meaning his tasks/job).

Finally, be careful with the word 'Kār-e khune'. In English, we say 'homework' for school and 'housework' for cleaning. In Persian, 'Mashgh' is specifically school homework, while 'Kār-e khune' usually refers to domestic chores. Mixing these up can lead to confusion about whether you are studying or cleaning!

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, each carrying a slightly different weight or register. While 'Kār' is the most common, knowing its alternatives will help you express yourself with more precision and elegance.

Shoghl (شغل): As mentioned, this refers to a formal profession or occupation. Use this when filling out forms or discussing career paths. It is more formal than 'Kār'.

Amal (عمل): This word means 'action' or 'deed'. It is often used in religious or philosophical contexts (e.g., 'Amal-e sãleh' - righteous deed) or in medical contexts (e.g., 'Amal-e jarāhi' - surgical operation).

دو صد گفته چون نیم کردار نیست.

A famous proverb: Two hundred words are not worth half a deed (Kerdār).

Fa'āliyāt (فعالیت): This means 'activity'. It is used for physical activity, social activity, or business operations. It implies a state of being active rather than just a specific task.

Herfeh (حرفه): This means 'craft' or 'trade'. It is often used for specialized skills like carpentry, weaving, or technical trades. It implies a high level of expertise in a specific 'Kār'.

او در حرفه خود استاد است.

Translation: He is a master in his trade.

By choosing between 'Kār', 'Shoghl', 'Amal', and 'Herfeh', you can tailor your language to the specific context, whether you are talking about a daily errand, a professional career, a moral action, or a skilled craft.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'Kār' is a distant relative of the English word 'create' and the Sanskrit 'karma', all stemming from the Proto-Indo-European root *kwer- (to do, make, form).

発音ガイド

UK /kɑːr/

US /kɑːr/

The stress is on the only syllable, as it is a monosyllabic word.

韻が合う語

تار (Tār - string/dark) مار (Mār - snake) بار (Bār - load/time) دار (Dār - gallows/tree) یار (Yār - friend/beloved) خوار (Khār - humble/lowly) نار (Nār - pomegranate/fire) غار (Ghār - cave)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'ā' like the 'a' in 'cat'. It should be deep and long like 'father'.
Swallowing the 'r' at the end. In Persian, the final 'r' must be clearly articulated.
Making the 'k' sound too soft. It is a standard voiceless velar plosive.
Confusing it with 'Kar' (deaf), which has a short 'a' sound.
Over-emphasizing the 'r' like an American 'r'. It should be a light tap.

難易度

読解 1/5

The word is very short and easy to recognize.

ライティング 1/5

Only two letters (Kāf and Re) with an Alef.

スピーキング 2/5

Easy to pronounce, but the 'ā' must be deep.

リスニング 2/5

Can be confused with 'Kar' (deaf) if the vowel length isn't caught.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

من (Man) داشتن (Dāshtan) کردن (Kardan) خانه (Khāne) خوب (Khub)

次に学ぶ

شغل (Shoghl) اداره (Edāre) پول (Pul) سخت (Sakht) آسان (Āsān)

上級

کارآفرینی (Kār-āfarini) کارشکنی (Kār-shekani) کارپرداز (Kār-pardāz) کارآزموده (Kār-āzmude)

知っておくべき文法

Compound Verbs

Kār + kardan = Kār kardan (To work). This is the standard way to form verbs from nouns.

Ezafe Construction

Kār-e man (My work). The short 'e' sound links the noun to its possessor or adjective.

Pluralization with -hā

Kār -> Kār-hā (Works/Tasks). Standard plural for inanimate objects.

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

Man kār rā tamām kardam (I finished the work). 'rā' follows the specific direct object.

Possessive Suffixes

Kāram (My work), Kāret (Your work), Kārash (His/Her work).

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レベル別の例文

من امروز کار دارم.

I have work today.

Simple present tense with the verb 'dāshtan' (to have).

کار او سخت است.

His/her work is hard.

Noun 'Kār' followed by the possessive pronoun 'u' and the adjective 'sakht'.

آیا تو کار می‌کنی؟

Do you work?

Question form of the compound verb 'Kār kardan'.

این کارِ من است.

This is my work/task.

Use of the Ezafe construction 'kār-e man'.

من کار را دوست دارم.

I like work.

Direct object 'kār' with the marker 'rā'.

او در خانه کار می‌کند.

He/she works at home.

Prepositional phrase 'dar khāne' (in the house).

کار تمام شد.

The work is finished.

Simple past tense of 'tamām shodan' (to finish).

یک کارِ کوچک دارم.

I have a small task.

Adjective 'kuchek' (small) modifying 'kār'.

شغل و کار شما چیست؟

What is your job and work?

Using 'shoghl' and 'kār' together for clarity.

من دنبالِ کار می‌گردم.

I am looking for a job.

The phrase 'donbāl-e ... gashtan' (to look for).

کارِ خانه‌ام تمام شد.

My housework is finished.

Compound noun 'kār-e khāne' with possessive suffix '-am'.

او کارِ دستی می‌سازد.

He/she makes handicrafts.

The term 'kār-e dasti' for handmade items.

ساعتِ کارِ من هشت است.

My work hour is eight (o'clock).

Ezafe construction linking 'sā'at' and 'kār'.

ببخشید، با من کار دارید؟

Excuse me, do you need me/have business with me?

Idiomatic use of 'kār dāshtan bā kasi'.

کار کردن در اینجا خوب است.

Working here is good.

Gerund form 'kār kardan' used as a subject.

او کارهای زیادی انجام داد.

He/she did many tasks.

Plural 'kār-hā' with the verb 'anjām dādan'.

محیطِ کارِ ما بسیار دوستانه است.

Our work environment is very friendly.

Compound noun 'mohit-e kār'.

او برای پیدا کردنِ کار به تهران رفت.

He went to Tehran to find work.

Infinitive phrase 'barāye peydā kardan-e kār'.

این دارو روی من کار نمی‌کند.

This medicine doesn't work on me.

Metaphorical use of 'kār kardan' for effectiveness.

او در کارش بسیار جدی است.

He is very serious in his work.

Preposition 'dar' (in) with possessive suffix.

باید به کارهایم برسم.

I must attend to my tasks.

The verb 'residan' (to reach/attend) used with 'kār'.

قراردادِ کارِ من تمدید شد.

My work contract was renewed.

Passive construction 'tamdid shod'.

او کارهای خیریه انجام می‌دهد.

He/she does charitable work.

Adjective 'kheyriye' (charitable) modifying 'kār-hā'.

ساعت‌های کارِ ما منعطف است.

Our work hours are flexible.

Plural 'sā'at-hā' and adjective 'mon'atef'.

نرخِ بیکاری در بازارِ کار افزایش یافت.

The unemployment rate in the labor market increased.

Economic terminology: 'bāzār-e kār'.

او یک کارآفرینِ موفق در حوزه تکنولوژی است.

He is a successful entrepreneur in the field of technology.

Compound noun 'kār-āfarin' (work-creator/entrepreneur).

این طرح اصلاً کارآمد نیست.

This plan is not efficient at all.

Adjective 'kār-āmad' (efficient/effective).

تعادل بینِ کار و زندگی ضروری است.

Balance between work and life is essential.

Abstract concept: 'ta'ādol bin-e kār va zendegi'.

او از کار برکنار شد.

He was dismissed from work.

Formal phrase 'az kār barkanār shodan'.

نیرویِ کارِ متخصص کم است.

Specialized labor force is scarce.

Collective noun 'niru-ye kār'.

او در کارِ خود مهارتِ زیادی دارد.

He has a lot of skill in his work.

Noun 'mahārat' (skill) associated with 'kār'.

کارهای او همیشه موردِ تحسین قرار می‌گیرد.

His works are always admired.

Passive-like structure 'mored-e tahsin gharār gereftan'.

کارنامه او نشان‌دهنده تلاش‌های بی‌وقفه اوست.

His record (work history) shows his relentless efforts.

The term 'kār-nāme' used for a record of deeds/history.

در این مقاله، اخلاقِ کار موردِ بررسی قرار گرفته است.

In this article, work ethics have been examined.

Academic phrase 'mored-e barrasi gharār gereftan'.

او به کارهای عام‌المنفعه علاقه دارد.

He is interested in public-interest/philanthropic works.

Formal adjective 'ām-ol-manfa'e'.

کار از کار گذشته است و دیگر نمی‌توان کاری کرد.

It is too late, and nothing more can be done.

Idiom 'kār az kār gozashtan'.

تقسیمِ کار در جوامعِ مدرن پیچیده شده است.

The division of labor has become complex in modern societies.

Sociological term 'taqsim-e kār'.

او در کارِ خود وسواسِ زیادی به خرج می‌دهد.

He is extremely meticulous (obsessive) in his work.

Idiom 'vasvās be kharj dādan'.

این اثر، کارِ مشترکِ دو هنرمندِ بزرگ است.

This work is the joint effort of two great artists.

Phrase 'kār-e moshtarak' (joint work).

بیکاریِ پنهان یکی از معضلاتِ بازارِ کار است.

Hidden unemployment is one of the problems of the labor market.

Economic term 'bikāri-ye penhān'.

شاهنامه کارنامه شکوه و عظمتِ ایرانِ باستان است.

The Shahnameh is the chronicle of the glory and greatness of ancient Iran.

Literary use of 'kār-nāme' as a chronicle.

او با کاردانیِ تمام بحران را مدیریت کرد.

He managed the crisis with complete resourcefulness/skill.

Noun 'kārdāni' derived from 'kār' meaning expertise.

در متونِ عرفانی، کارِ دل بر کارِ گل مقدم است.

In mystical texts, the work of the heart precedes the work of the clay (body).

Metaphorical contrast between spiritual and physical work.

سیاستمداران باید در کارِ ملک تدبیر به خرج دهند.

Politicians must exercise prudence in the affairs of the state.

Archaic/Formal use of 'kār' meaning 'affairs'.

این اقدام، کارِ نسنجیده‌ای بود که عواقبِ وخیمی داشت.

This action was an ill-considered deed that had dire consequences.

Adjective 'nasanjide' (unweighed/ill-considered) modifying 'kār'.

او در کارگاهِ هستی به دنبالِ معنا می‌گردد.

He searches for meaning in the workshop of existence.

Poetic compound 'kārgāh-e hasti'.

کاربستِ این نظریه در علومِ انسانی دشوار است.

The application of this theory in human sciences is difficult.

Formal noun 'kārbast' (application/usage).

او با کارشکنی‌های خود مانعِ پیشرفتِ پروژه شد.

He hindered the project's progress with his sabotage/obstructionism.

Compound noun 'kār-shekani' (sabotage/obstruction).

よく使う組み合わせ

کار کردن (Kār kardan)

کار داشتن (Kār dāshtan)

دنبال کار گشتن (Donbāl-e kār gashtan)

ساعت کار (Sā'at-e kār)

محیط کار (Mohit-e kār)

کار دستی (Kār-e dasti)

کار نیمه‌وقت (Kār-e nim-vaght)

بازار کار (Bāzār-e kār)

قرارداد کار (Gharārdād-e kār)

کار خیر (Kār-e kheyr)

よく使うフレーズ

خسته نباشید (Khaste nabāshid)

— Literally 'don't be tired'. Used to greet someone working or finishing work.

خسته نباشید استاد، کلاس عالی بود.

سرِ کار (Sar-e kār)

— At work / on the job.

پدرم الان سرِ کار است.

دست به کار شدن (Dast be kār shodan)

— To get to work / to start a task.

باید زودتر دست به کار شویم.

کارِ خانه (Kār-e khāne)

— Housework / chores.

من امروز کارهای خانه را انجام دادم.

اهلِ کار (Ahl-e kār)

— A hard-working person / someone who gets things done.

او واقعاً اهلِ کار است.

کارِ اداری (Kār-e edāri)

— Office work / administrative work.

او از کارهای اداری خسته شده است.

کارِ سخت (Kār-e sakht)

— Hard work / difficult task.

کشاورزی کارِ سختی است.

کارِ گروهی (Kār-e goruhi)

— Teamwork.

کارِ گروهی باعث موفقیت می‌شود.

یک کاری کردن (Yek kāri kardan)

— To do something / to take action.

باید برای این مشکل یک کاری بکنیم.

کار و بار (Kār o bār)

— Business / general state of affairs.

کار و بار چطور است؟

よく混同される語

کار vs کر (Kar)

Means 'deaf'. The difference is the vowel: 'Kār' has a long 'ā', 'Kar' has a short 'a'.

کار vs کار (Kār) vs. شغل (Shoghl)

Kār is the activity/task; Shoghl is the professional title/career.

کار vs مشق (Mashgh)

Specifically means school homework, whereas 'Kār-e khāne' is usually housework.

慣用句と表現

"کار از کار گذشتن (Kār az kār gozashtan)"

— It's too late; the opportunity is lost; the damage is done.

وقتی پلیس رسید، کار از کار گذشته بود.

Informal/Neutral

"کارِ حضرتِ فیل (Kār-e hazrat-e fil)"

— A very difficult task; something almost impossible.

حل کردن این مسئله کارِ حضرتِ فیل است!

Informal

"کار را به کاردان سپردن (Kār rā be kārdān sepordan)"

— To leave the job to the expert.

بهتر است کار را به کاردان بسپاری.

Formal/Proverbial

"یک دست صدا ندارد (Yek dast sedā nadārad)"

— One hand makes no sound (Teamwork is necessary for the 'kār').

بیا کمک کن، یک دست صدا ندارد.

Neutral

"کارِ نشد ندارد (Kār-e nashod nadārad)"

— Nothing is impossible.

ناامید نشو، کارِ نشد ندارد.

Informal

"کارت ساخته است (Kāret sākhte ast)"

— You are finished / You are in big trouble.

اگر رئیس بفهمد، کارت ساخته است!

Slang/Informal

"کار بیخ پیدا کردن (Kār bikh peydā kardan)"

— The situation has become complicated or serious.

بحث بالا گرفت و کار بیخ پیدا کرد.

Informal

"کار و کاسبی (Kār o kāsebi)"

— One's business or livelihood.

کار و کاسبی در بازار چطور است؟

Neutral

"کارد به استخوان رسیدن (Kārd be ostokhān residan)"

— To reach the limit of one's patience (often due to work/stress).

از این همه فشار، کارد به استخوانم رسیده است.

Idiomatic

"کار دستِ کسی دادن (Kār dast-e kasi dādan)"

— To cause trouble for someone.

این اشتباه ممکن است کار دستت بدهد.

Informal

間違えやすい

کار vs کردار (Kerdār)

Both mean 'deed' or 'action'.

Kerdār is literary and refers to moral conduct; Kār is everyday and refers to any task.

Kerdār-e niku (Good conduct).

کار vs عمل (Amal)

Both mean 'work' or 'action'.

Amal is often formal, religious, or medical (surgery); Kār is general.

Amal-e jarāhi (Surgery).

کار vs وظیفه (Vazifeh)

Both involve things you must do.

Vazifeh is an obligation/duty; Kār is just the task itself.

Vazifeh-ye sarbāzi (Military duty).

کار vs بار (Bār)

Rhymes with Kār.

Bār means 'load', 'fruit', or 'time/turn'.

In bār (This time).

کار vs تار (Tār)

Rhymes with Kār.

Tār means 'string' or 'dark/blurry'.

Tār-e mu (A strand of hair).

文型パターン

[Subject] [Noun] dārad.

Man kār dāram.

[Subject] dar [Place] kār mikonad.

Ali dar bānk kār mikonad.

[Subject] donbāl-e [Noun] migardad.

Sara donbāl-e kār migardad.

Bāyad be [Noun]-hāyam beresam.

Bāyad be kārhāyam beresam.

[Noun] kār-āmad [Verb].

In ravesh kār-āmad nist.

Kār az kār gozashte ast.

[Noun] dar kār-nāme-ye [Noun] sabt shod.

In piruzi dar kār-nāme-ye u sabt shod.

Neutral

Kār-e [Person] budan.

In kār-e man nist.

語族

名詞

کارگر (Kārgar - worker)

کارمند (Kārmand - employee)

کارخانه (Kārkhāne - factory)

کارگاه (Kārgāh - workshop)

کارفرما (Kārfarmā - employer)

کارآفرین (Kār-āfarin - entrepreneur)

کارنامه (Kārnāme - report card/record)

کاردانی (Kārdāni - expertise/associate degree)

動詞

کار کردن (Kār kardan - to work)

به کار گرفتن (Be kār gereftan - to employ/utilize)

از کار افتادن (Az kār oftādan - to break down/stop working)

کار تراشیدن (Kār tarāshidan - to make work/trouble)

形容詞

کاری (Kāri - hard-working/effective)

کارآمد (Kār-āmad - efficient)

بیکار (Bikār - unemployed)

کارکشته (Kār-koshte - experienced/veteran)

کاربردی (Kār-bordi - practical/applied)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high; one of the top 100 most used nouns in Persian.

よくある間違い

Man kār dar bānk. → Man dar bānk kār mikonam.
You must include the verb 'kardan'. 'Kār' alone is just the noun 'work'.
Kāre man mo'allem ast. → Shoghle man mo'allemi ast.
While 'Kār' is okay, 'Shoghl' is the correct term for a professional title.
Man mashgh-e khāne dāram (meaning cleaning). → Man kār-e khāne dāram.
'Mashgh' is only for school homework. Use 'Kār-e khāne' for chores.
In kār nime-vaght ast. → In yek kār-e nime-vaght ast.
Remember the Ezafe and the indefinite 'yek' or suffix '-i' for 'a work'.
Kār az kār gozasht (used for a small delay). → Dir shod.
'Kār az kār gozasht' is for serious, irreversible situations, not just being a bit late.

ヒント

Helper Verbs

Always pair 'Kār' with 'kardan' to make it a verb. Never say 'Man kār' to mean 'I work'.

Politeness

Use 'Khaste nabāshid' frequently. It's the most common way to show respect for labor in Iran.

Compound Nouns

Learn words like 'Kārgar' and 'Kārmand' together. They all share the 'Kār' root.

Vowel Length

Make sure the 'ā' is long. If it's short, you're saying 'deaf' (Kar).

Being Busy

Use 'Kār dāram' to politely say you can't talk or go out right now.

Ezafe

Don't forget the Ezafe (short 'e') when connecting 'Kār' to a person, like 'Kār-e Ali'.

Contractions

In spoken Persian, 'Che kār' often becomes 'Chikār'. Be ready to hear 'Chikār mikoni?'.

Job Hunting

The phrase 'Donbāl-e kār gashtan' is essential if you are looking for employment.

Too Late

Memorize 'Kār az kār gozasht' for situations where a situation is beyond repair.

Word Family

Building a word web around 'Kār' will quickly expand your vocabulary by 20+ words.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'CAR' (Kār). To keep a car running, you need to do 'work' on it. Kār = Work.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant gear turning. Inside the gear, the word 'کار' is written. This represents the 'work' of a machine or a person.

Word Web

Kārgar (Worker) Kārmand (Employee) Kārkhāne (Factory) Kārgāh (Workshop) Bikār (Unemployed) Kāri (Hard-working) Kār-āmad (Efficient) Kār-dasti (Handicraft)

チャレンジ

Try to use 'Kār' in three different ways today: 1. To say you are busy. 2. To ask someone about their job. 3. To describe a task you finished.

語源

Derived from Middle Persian 'kār', which comes from Old Persian 'kāra' (people/army/work).

元の意味： Originally referred to 'people' or 'army' (those who do the work/action), later evolving to mean the action itself.

Indo-European (cognate with Sanskrit 'karma' and English 'create').

文化的な背景

When discussing someone's 'Kār', be mindful that 'Bikāri' (unemployment) can be a sensitive topic due to economic fluctuations.

English speakers use 'work' as both a noun and a verb. In Persian, you must remember that 'Kār' is primarily a noun and needs 'kardan' to function as a verb.

The 'Kār-nāme-ye Ardashir-e Pābakān' (The Book of the Deeds of Ardashir), a Middle Persian prose text. The proverb 'Kār-e emruz rā be fardā mayandāz' (Don't put off today's work until tomorrow). Modern Iranian cinema often explores the struggles of the 'Kārgar' (worker) class.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Office

جلسه کاری (Work meeting)
همکار (Colleague)
میز کار (Desk)
گزارش کار (Work report)

Home

تمیز کردن (Cleaning)
آشپزی (Cooking)
کارهای روزمره (Daily chores)
تعمیرات (Repairs)

Job Hunting

رزومه (Resume)
مصاحبه کاری (Job interview)
آگهی استخدام (Job ad)
حقوق (Salary)

Marketplace

قیمت کار (Price of the work/item)
کارِ دست (Handmade)
سفارش دادن (To order)
تخفیف (Discount)

Socializing

سرت شلوغه؟ (Are you busy?)
کاری نداری؟ (Do you need anything? / Anything else?)
موفق باشی (Good luck)
خسته نباشی (Don't be tired)

会話のきっかけ

"شغل شما چیست و کجا کار می‌کنید؟ (What is your job and where do you work?)"

"آیا از کار خود راضی هستید؟ (Are you satisfied with your work?)"

"ساعت‌های کاری شما چطور است؟ (How are your work hours?)"

"ترجیح می‌دهید در خانه کار کنید یا در اداره؟ (Do you prefer working at home or in an office?)"

"سخت‌ترین کاری که تا به حال انجام داده‌اید چه بوده است؟ (What was the hardest task you've ever done?)"

日記のテーマ

درباره یک روز کاری ایده‌آل برای خود بنویسید. (Write about an ideal work day for yourself.)

آیا کار کردن برای زندگی است یا زندگی برای کار کردن؟ (Is working for living or living for working?)

توصیف کنید که چگونه کارهای خانه را در خانواده خود تقسیم می‌کنید. (Describe how you divide housework in your family.)

درباره اولین شغلی که داشتید و تجربه‌ای که از آن کسب کردید بنویسید. (Write about your first job and the experience you gained.)

اهمیت کار گروهی در موفقیت یک پروژه چیست؟ (What is the importance of teamwork in the success of a project?)

よくある質問

10 問

You use the present continuous or simple present of 'Kār kardan'. For example, 'Dāram kār mikonam' (I am working right now) or 'Man kār mikonam' (I work).

'Kār' is a general word for work or a task. 'Shoghl' specifically refers to your profession or job title. You can have a 'Kār' (task) to do even if you don't have a 'Shoghl' (job).

Not usually. School homework is 'Mashgh'. 'Kār-e khāne' usually means housework like cleaning or cooking, though some might use it for school work in specific contexts.

You say 'Man kheyli kār dāram'. This is very common when you are busy.

It literally means 'May you not be tired'. It is a polite greeting or farewell said to someone who is working or has just finished a task.

Yes! 'In m ماشین kār mikonad' means 'This machine works/functions'. If it's broken, you say 'Az kār oftāde' (It has stopped working).

You use the phrase 'Kār-e dasti'. For example, 'In farsh kār-e dasti ast' (This carpet is handmade).

It is neutral. It is used in both very informal daily speech and in formal business or literary contexts.

It usually means a 'report card' for students, but in a formal or historical sense, it means a 'record of deeds' or a 'chronicle'.

Informally: 'Chikāre-i?'. Neutrally: 'Kāretun chist?'. Formally: 'Shoghle shomā chist?'.

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