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B1 verb 9分で読める

مرخص شدن

morkhas shodan
例文 مرخص شدن 30秒で
解説 مرخص شدن in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the deep cultural nuances of 'مرخص شدن'. Simply think of it as a special way to say 'to leave' or 'to go home' specifically when you are at a hospital. If you are in a Persian class and you want to say 'I am going home from the hospital,' you can use this word. It is a compound verb, meaning it has two parts: 'مرخص' and 'شدن'. You only change the 'شدن' part. For example, 'I go' is 'می‌شوم', so 'I am discharged' is 'مرخص می‌شوم'. It is a useful word to know if you ever need to talk about health or doctors. Just remember it is more formal than the word 'رفتن' (to go).
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At the A2 level, you should begin to use 'مرخص شدن' in its most common context: the hospital. You should also understand that it uses the preposition 'از' (from). For example, 'از بیمارستان مرخص شد' (He was discharged from the hospital). You can also start using it in very simple polite situations. When you are at a friend's house and you are ready to leave, you can say 'با اجازه، مرخص می‌شوم' (With permission, I'm leaving). This is a very polite 'A2' phrase that will make you sound much more fluent. You should also be able to use it in the past tense ('مرخص شدم') and future tense ('مرخص خواهم شد' or 'مرخص می‌شوم').
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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand the broader applications of 'مرخص شدن'. It is not just for hospitals; it is for any situation where permission is granted to leave. This includes finishing military service or being dismissed from a formal meeting. You should also understand the difference between 'مرخص شدن' (to be discharged) and 'مرخص کردن' (to discharge someone else). As a B1 learner, you should be able to conjugate this verb in all main tenses, including the present perfect ('مرخص شده‌ام') and the past continuous ('داشتم مرخص می‌شدم'). You should also recognize the noun 'مرخصی' (vacation/leave) and how it relates to this verb.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with the cultural weight of 'مرخص شدن' in the context of 'Taarof' (Persian etiquette). You should know when it is appropriate to use this verb instead of simpler alternatives to show respect. You should also be able to use it in passive constructions and understand its use in news reports and formal writing. For example, understanding the nuance in a sentence like 'او به دلیل بیماری از خدمت مرخص شد' (He was released from service due to illness). You should also be able to distinguish it from technical synonyms like 'ترخیص شدن' which is used in customs or more formal hospital administration.
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At the C1 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'مرخص شدن' in literary and highly formal contexts. You should recognize it in classical-style prose where it might be used metaphorically or in very rigid bureaucratic language. You should be able to use the verb in complex sentence structures, such as conditional clauses or as part of a larger formal speech. You should also be familiar with the Arabic root (r-kh-s) and how it manifests in other Persian words like 'رخصت' (permission) or 'ارزان' (cheap - historically related to 'permitted price'). Your use of the word should reflect an understanding of the power dynamics and social hierarchies in Iranian culture.
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At the C2 level, 'مرخص شدن' is a tool for precise communication. You understand every subtle connotation, from the relief of a soldier finishing service to the calculated politeness of a diplomat ending a meeting. You can use it in academic writing about sociology or history to describe the release of groups or individuals from obligations. You are also aware of how the word's usage has evolved over time and can identify it in various Persian dialects or historical texts. At this level, you don't just use the word; you understand its place in the fabric of the Persian language and the Iranian worldview, using it to navigate even the most complex social and professional environments with total ease.
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例文

مرخص شدن 30秒で

  • A compound verb meaning 'to be discharged' or 'to take leave' with permission.
  • Primarily used in medical, military, and formal social contexts in Persian culture.
  • Requires the preposition 'az' (from) when specifying the place being left.
  • Essential for polite 'Taarof' when ending a conversation or leaving a gathering.

The Persian verb مرخص شدن (morakh-khas shodan) is a fundamental compound verb that every intermediate learner must master. At its core, it signifies the act of being officially permitted to leave a place or a duty. While the English language often requires different verbs depending on the context—such as 'to be discharged' from a hospital, 'to be released' from military service, or 'to take one's leave' from a formal gathering—Persian elegantly uses this single expression to cover all these scenarios. The word مرخص itself is an Arabic loanword derived from the root r-kh-s, which pertains to permission, license, or cheapness (in the sense of something being permitted or accessible). When combined with the Persian auxiliary verb شدن (to become), it literally translates to 'to become permitted to depart.'

Medical Context
In a healthcare setting, this verb is the standard term for being discharged. When a doctor decides a patient is well enough to go home, the patient 'becomes discharged'.

پدرم پس از سه روز از بیمارستان مرخص شد.

Translation: My father was discharged from the hospital after three days.

Beyond the hospital, the word carries a significant weight in formal social etiquette. In Iranian culture, leaving a party or a meeting is not as simple as just walking out. It requires a polite request for permission to leave. This is where the phrase با اجازه مرخص می‌شوم (With your permission, I shall take my leave) becomes essential. It shows respect to the host and acknowledges that your presence was part of a social contract. Using this verb in such a context elevates your Persian from basic communication to a level of cultural fluency that native speakers highly appreciate. It transforms a simple departure into an act of courtesy.

Military and Official Use
Soldiers finishing their mandatory service or employees being released from a specific duty also use this term to describe their official release.

سربازان پس از اتمام دوره خدمت مرخص شدند.

Translation: The soldiers were released after completing their service period.

Understanding the nuance between مرخص شدن and خارج شدن (to exit) is crucial. While خارج شدن is a purely physical act of moving from inside to outside, مرخص شدن implies a change in status—from being 'under care' or 'on duty' to being 'free'. This is why you would never use it to describe leaving a grocery store, but you would always use it when leaving a doctor's office or a high-level corporate meeting. It carries the weight of officiality and permission, making it a powerful tool for navigating formal Iranian society.

Grammatically, مرخص شدن is a compound verb consisting of the adjective مرخص and the auxiliary verb شدن. This means that all the changes for tense, person, and number occur within the شدن part. It is almost always paired with the preposition از (from) to indicate the place or situation one is being released from. For example, 'discharged from the hospital' is از بیمارستان مرخص شدن. Understanding this prepositional link is the first step to using the word correctly in complex sentences.

Past Tense Construction
To say 'I was discharged,' you use the past stem of شدن, which is 'شد'. So: من مرخص شدم.

دیروز بالاخره برادرم از بیمارستان مرخص شد.

Yesterday, finally, my brother was discharged from the hospital.

In the present tense, the stem of شدن changes to شو. Therefore, 'I am being discharged' or 'I am taking my leave' becomes مرخص می‌شوم. This is particularly common in the polite phrase used when leaving a room. Notice the use of the prefix می- to indicate ongoing or habitual action. If you are asking a question, such as 'When will you be discharged?', you would use the future construction or the present continuous with a future meaning: کی مرخص می‌شوید؟

Formal vs. Informal
In formal writing, you might see 'مرخص گردیدن' instead of 'مرخص شدن', though 'شدن' is perfectly acceptable in almost all registers.

اگر اجازه بدهید، بنده مرخص می‌شوم.

If you allow, I shall take my leave (very formal).

Another important aspect is the causative form: مرخص کردن (to discharge someone). While مرخص شدن is something that happens to you (passive/intransitive), مرخص کردن is something a doctor or a boss does to you (active/transitive). For example, 'The doctor discharged the patient' would be دکتر بیمار را مرخص کرد. Mastering the relationship between 'shodan' (to become) and 'kardan' (to do) is a key milestone in Persian grammar, and this verb is one of the best examples to practice that distinction.

The most common place to encounter مرخص شدن is within the walls of a hospital or a clinic. If you are watching an Iranian medical drama or visiting a friend in a Tehran hospital, you will hear the nurses and doctors using this term constantly. It is the official bureaucratic term found on discharge papers. When a nurse says, 'You can leave today,' they will likely say امروز مرخص می‌شوید. It sounds professional and definitive. You might also see it on signs in administrative offices regarding the 'Discharge Section' (بخش ترخیص), which uses the noun form of the same root.

In the Military
Every Iranian male who undergoes mandatory military service (Sarbazi) dreams of the day they are 'morakh-khas'. It is a word associated with freedom and the completion of a long journey.

او پس از دو سال خدمت، بالاخره مرخص شد.

After two years of service, he was finally released.

In the world of business and diplomacy, the word is used to signal the end of a formal meeting. When a subordinate is finished reporting to a superior, the superior might say مرخصید (You are dismissed/You may leave). This is a very efficient and formal way to end a conversation. Similarly, during a formal dinner party, when a guest is ready to leave, they will use this verb to announce their departure. It avoids the abruptness of saying 'I'm going' and instead frames the departure as a polite transition.

News and Media
News reports about high-profile figures or political prisoners often use this term to describe their release from custody or their discharge from a hospital after a health scare.

وزیر سابق امروز از بیمارستان مرخص شد.

The former minister was discharged from the hospital today.

Finally, you might hear this in the context of school or university, though less frequently than in medical or military settings. If a class is dismissed early, or if a student is given permission to leave early for a doctor's appointment, the teacher might use a variation of this word. However, in these daily casual settings, simpler verbs like رفتن are more common. Reserve مرخص شدن for when there is an official 'release' or a need for high politeness.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is using مرخص شدن when they simply mean 'to leave' a casual place like a coffee shop or a park. Saying من از کافه مرخص شدم sounds incredibly strange to a native speaker—it almost implies that the barista had to sign your discharge papers before you could walk out. For casual departures, stick to رفتن (to go) or خارج شدن (to exit). Use مرخص شدن only when there is an element of permission or official release involved.

Confusing with 'Fired'
Another mistake is confusing it with 'اخراج شدن' (to be fired). While both mean leaving a job, 'مرخص شدن' is neutral or positive (release), whereas 'اخراج شدن' is negative (expulsion).

اشتباه: من از کارم مرخص شدم (Unless you were just finishing a task, this sounds wrong for being fired).

Correct for being fired: من از کارم اخراج شدم.

A subtle but important mistake involves the preposition. Some learners forget to use از (from) and try to use the word directly with the noun. For example, saying او بیمارستان مرخص شد is grammatically incomplete. You must include the 'from' to show the source of the release. Without it, the sentence feels like it is missing its anchor. Always remember: از [Place] مرخص شدن.

Active vs. Passive
Learners often mix up 'مرخص شدن' (to be discharged) with 'مرخص کردن' (to discharge). If you say 'من بیمار را مرخص شدم,' you are saying 'I became the patient discharged,' which makes no sense.

Lastly, be careful with the spelling and pronunciation of the 'kh' (خ) and 's' (ص) sounds. The word is morakh-khas, not morakhas. The double 'kh' (tashdid) is important for the correct rhythm of the word, although in rapid speech it might be slightly reduced. Mispronouncing it might lead to confusion with other similar-sounding Arabic roots. Practice the 'kh' sound deep in the throat to ensure you are understood clearly in medical or formal situations.

While مرخص شدن is the most versatile term, there are several alternatives depending on the level of formality and the specific context. Understanding these synonyms will help you choose the most precise word for your situation. The most direct synonym in a medical or bureaucratic context is ترخیص شدن. While 'مرخص شدن' is the common way to say 'discharged,' 'ترخیص شدن' is the more technical, official term used on paperwork and in administrative contexts.

Comparison: مرخص شدن vs. ترخیص شدن
مرخص شدن: General use, polite, used in speech and writing.
ترخیص شدن: Technical, used in hospitals and customs (clearing goods).

کالاها از گمرک ترخیص شدند.

The goods were cleared (discharged) from customs.

In social settings, if you want to sound even more formal or poetic, you might use the term رخصت گرفتن (to seek permission/leave). This is less about the act of leaving and more about the act of asking for the right to leave. It is often heard in historical movies or very traditional Iranian households. On the other end of the spectrum, if you are just leaving a place without any need for permission, the simple verb رفتن (to go) or ترک کردن (to leave/abandon) is appropriate.

Comparison: مرخص شدن vs. آزاد شدن
مرخص شدن: Implies an orderly, permitted departure (hospital, duty).
آزاد شدن: Implies being set free from captivity or prison (liberation).

Another related term is خداحافظی کردن (to say goodbye). While مرخص شدن describes the act of being permitted to leave, خداحافظی کردن describes the verbal act of saying farewell. Usually, these two actions happen together in a social context: first, you ask to be 'morakh-khas', and then you perform 'khodahafezi'. By knowing these distinctions, you can navigate the complex social landscape of Iran with the grace and precision of a native speaker.

発音ガイド

UK /mo.ɾæx.xæs ʃo.dæn/
US /moʊ.ræk.xæs ʃoʊ.dæn/
The primary stress in the compound verb is on the last syllable of the first word: mo-rakh-KHAS. In the auxiliary verb, the stress falls on the stem in the present tense (MI-shavam).
韻が合う語
مخلص (mokh-las) شاخص (sha-khas) ناقص (na-ghas) خالص (kha-les) رقص (raghs) نقص (naghs) شخص (shakhs) فرص (fars)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'kh' as a hard 'k' (morakkas).
  • Ignoring the gemination (tashdid) on the 'kh' sound, making it too short.
  • Confusing the 's' sound of 'ص' with a 'z' sound.
  • Stress on the 'shodan' instead of the 'morakh-khas'.
  • Mixing up the vowel 'o' with 'a' in 'morakh-khas'.
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レベル別の例文

1

من فردا از بیمارستان مرخص می‌شوم.

I will be discharged from the hospital tomorrow.

Present tense used for near future.

2

آیا او مرخص شد؟

Was he discharged?

Simple past tense question.

3

مادرم هنوز مرخص نشده است.

My mother has not been discharged yet.

Present perfect negative.

4

کی مرخص می‌شوی؟

When are you being discharged?

Informal second person singular.

5

او امروز مرخص می‌شود.

He is being discharged today.

Third person singular present.

6

ما زود مرخص شدیم.

We were discharged early.

First person plural past.

7

بیمار باید مرخص شود.

The patient must be discharged.

Subjunctive mood after 'must'.

8

آن‌ها مرخص شدند.

They were discharged.

Third person plural past.

1

با اجازه شما، من مرخص می‌شوم.

With your permission, I'll take my leave.

A standard polite phrase.

2

دکتر گفت که او می‌تواند مرخص شود.

The doctor said that he can be discharged.

Use of 'can' with subjunctive.

3

او بعد از معاینه مرخص شد.

He was discharged after the examination.

Past tense with a time prepositional phrase.

4

چرا هنوز مرخص نشده‌اید؟

Why haven't you been discharged yet?

Formal second person plural, present perfect negative.

5

من می‌خواهم زودتر مرخص شوم.

I want to be discharged sooner.

Verb 'want' followed by subjunctive.

6

سرباز از پادگان مرخص شد.

The soldier was released from the barracks.

Context of military release.

7

او به زودی مرخص خواهد شد.

He will be discharged soon.

Formal future tense.

8

اگر خوب باشی، مرخص می‌شوی.

If you are well, you will be discharged.

First conditional sentence.

1

او به دلیل بهبودی کامل از بیمارستان مرخص شد.

He was discharged from the hospital due to full recovery.

Compound sentence with causal phrase.

2

ببخشید، من باید مرخص شوم چون جلسه دارم.

Excuse me, I must take my leave because I have a meeting.

Polite excuse using the verb.

3

تا زمانی که تب داری، مرخص نمی‌شوی.

As long as you have a fever, you won't be discharged.

Temporal clause with negative present.

4

او امیدوار است که فردا صبح مرخص شود.

He hopes to be discharged tomorrow morning.

Verb of hope with subjunctive.

5

پس از اتمام بازجویی، او مرخص شد.

After the interrogation ended, he was released.

Formal context of release.

6

آیا مدارک لازم برای مرخص شدن را دارید؟

Do you have the necessary documents to be discharged?

Using the infinitive form as a noun.

7

او به آرامی از جمع مرخص شد.

He quietly took his leave from the group.

Adverbial use with the verb.

8

برادرم سال گذشته از خدمت سربازی مرخص شد.

My brother was released from military service last year.

Specific military context.

1

بیمار با رضایت شخصی از بیمارستان مرخص شد.

The patient was discharged from the hospital with personal consent (AMA).

Legal/medical terminology 'personal consent'.

2

او پس از سال‌ها خدمت صادقانه، از پست خود مرخص شد.

After years of honest service, he was released from his post.

Formal honorific context.

3

مدیر اجازه داد که کارمندان زودتر مرخص شوند.

The manager allowed the employees to be dismissed earlier.

Causative structure (allow someone to do something).

4

با توجه به وضعیت پایدار، بیمار می‌تواند مرخص شود.

Given the stable condition, the patient can be discharged.

Formal medical report style.

5

او بدون اینکه کسی متوجه شود، از مهمانی مرخص شد.

He took his leave from the party without anyone noticing.

Complex sentence with 'without' clause.

6

سربازان وظیفه پس از گذراندن دوره آموزشی مرخص شدند.

The conscripts were released after completing the training course.

Use of 'conscripts' and 'training course'.

7

آیا احتمال دارد که او امروز مرخص نشود؟

Is it likely that he won't be discharged today?

Probability construction with negative subjunctive.

8

او با احترام فراوان از محضر استاد مرخص شد.

He took his leave from the teacher's presence with great respect.

High-register formal language.

1

پس از احراز بی‌گناهی، وی از بازداشتگاه مرخص شد.

After his innocence was proven, he was released from the detention center.

Formal judicial vocabulary 'ahraz-e bigonahi'.

2

او با بیانی متواضعانه از حضور در جلسه مرخص شد.

He took his leave from the meeting with a humble expression.

Descriptive formal prose.

3

روند مرخص شدن بیماران در این مرکز بسیار کند است.

The process of discharging patients in this center is very slow.

Using the verb as a gerund/noun in a subject position.

4

وی به دلیل کهولت سن از وظایف اداری مرخص گردید.

He was released from administrative duties due to old age.

Use of 'gardidan' as a formal substitute for 'shodan'.

5

او چنان با عجله مرخص شد که فرصت خداحافظی نیافت.

He took his leave so hurriedly that he found no chance to say goodbye.

Consecutive clause 'chonan... ke'.

6

در متون قدیمی، مرخص شدن به معنای اذن عزیمت یافتن است.

In ancient texts, being 'morakh-khas' means finding the permission to depart.

Linguistic definition within a sentence.

7

او پس از تسویه حساب نهایی از شرکت مرخص شد.

He was released from the company after the final settlement of accounts.

Business terminology 'tasviye hesab'.

8

اگرچه حالش خوب بود، اما از مرخص شدن امتناع می‌کرد.

Although he was well, he refused to be discharged.

Concessive clause with 'agarche'.

1

پدیده مرخص شدن از تعهدات اجتماعی، موضوع بحث جامعه‌شناسان است.

The phenomenon of being released from social obligations is a subject of debate for sociologists.

Abstract academic usage.

2

او با ظرافتی خاص، خود را از قید و بندهای دست‌وپاگیر مرخص کرد.

With a specific elegance, he released himself from cumbersome shackles.

Metaphorical use of the causative form.

3

در ساختار اداری، مرخص شدن مستلزم طی مراحل پیچیده بوروکراتیک است.

In the administrative structure, being released requires undergoing complex bureaucratic stages.

Technical administrative language.

4

او که از قیود دنیوی مرخص شده بود، به زهد و پارسایی روی آورد.

Having been released from worldly ties, he turned to asceticism and piety.

Spiritual/Literary context.

5

حکم مرخص شدن وی از زندان پس از اعاده دادرسی صادر شد.

The order for his release from prison was issued after a retrial.

High-level legal terminology.

6

او با وقاری تمام از محضر پادشاه مرخص شد و به دیار خود بازگشت.

With total dignity, he took his leave from the King's presence and returned to his land.

Historical/Epic register.

7

مرخص شدن از مسئولیت‌های سنگین، باری از دوش او برداشت.

Being released from heavy responsibilities lifted a burden from his shoulders.

Idiomatic expression 'bari az dush bardashtan'.

8

وی به محض دریافت فرمان، از خدمت در جبهه مرخص گردید.

As soon as he received the command, he was released from service at the front.

Immediate action clause 'be mahze'.

類義語

ترخیص شدن رخصت گرفتن آزاد شدن خارج شدن رفتن وداع کردن ترک کردن معاف شدن

反対語

بستری شدن استخدام شدن وارد شدن ماندن

よく使う組み合わせ

از بیمارستان مرخص شدن
با اجازه مرخص شدن
از خدمت مرخص شدن
زودتر مرخص شدن
به زودی مرخص شدن
دیر مرخص شدن
رسماً مرخص شدن
موقت مرخص شدن
به سلامت مرخص شدن
اجباراً مرخص شدن

よく使うフレーズ

مرخص می‌فرمایند؟

— A very formal way to ask 'Do you permit me to leave?'.

قربان، مرخص می‌فرمایید؟

مرخصید.

— A short, formal way for a superior to say 'You are dismissed'.

کار تمام است، مرخصید.

باید مرخص شوم.

— I must take my leave (standard polite way to end a visit).

خیلی خوش گذشت اما باید مرخص شوم.

کی مرخصش می‌کنند؟

— When are they discharging him/her? (using the active form).

عمل موفقیت‌آمیز بود، کی مرخصش می‌کنند؟

مرخص شدن از کار

— To be released from work duties (sometimes for the day).

او ساعت ۵ از کار مرخص می‌شود.

اجازه مرخصی

— Permission for leave or vacation.

او اجازه مرخصی گرفت.

برگه مرخصی

— A discharge paper or leave slip.

برگه مرخصی را به نگهبان داد.

مرخص شدن با پای خود

— To be discharged and walk out of the hospital personally (indicating health).

خوشبختانه با پای خودش مرخص شد.

آماده مرخص شدن

— Ready to be discharged/released.

بیمار کاملاً آماده مرخص شدن است.

وقت مرخص شدن

— Time to be discharged or time to leave.

وقت مرخص شدن فرا رسیده است.

慣用句と表現

"مرخص فرمودن"

— To dismiss someone with high respect or to allow them to leave.

استاد ما را مرخص فرمودند.

Very Formal
"با اجازه مرخص می‌شوم"

— The quintessential polite way to say 'I'm leaving'.

ساعت دیر شده، با اجازه مرخص می‌شوم.

Polite/Social
"مرخصی گرفتن از دنیا"

— A poetic or euphemistic way to say someone has passed away (leaving the world).

او بالاخره از این دنیای فانی مرخص شد.

Poetic/Euphemism
"مرخص بودن ذهن"

— To have a free or unburdened mind (less common, metaphorical).

ذهنش از تمام نگرانی‌ها مرخص شد.

Metaphorical
"مرخص کردن کسی از سر وا کردن"

— To dismiss someone just to get rid of them (colloquial).

او را با یک بهانه مرخص کرد تا از سر وا کند.

Colloquial
"رخصت طلبیدن"

— To formally ask for permission to enter or leave a space.

پهلوان از استاد رخصت طلبید.

Traditional/Epic
"مرخص شدن از قید"

— To be released from a bond or constraint.

او از قید غم مرخص شد.

Literary
"مرخص شدن به قید وثیقه"

— To be released on bail (legal idiom).

او با قید وثیقه از زندان مرخص شد.

Legal
"مرخص شدن از امتحان"

— To be finished with an exam or excused from it.

دانش‌آموزان پس از امتحان مرخص شدند.

Educational
"مرخصی اجباری"

— Forced leave or suspension.

او به مرخصی اجباری فرستاده شد.

Administrative
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