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A2 adjective #1,200 よく出る 15分で読める

écrit

上位1,200

練習する例文メモとヒント écrit 30秒で

解説 écrit in your Level:

At the A1 beginner level, the word 'écrit' is introduced as a simple adjective to describe things that are written down on paper or a screen, rather than spoken out loud. When you start learning French, you will quickly notice that reading and writing are very different from speaking and listening. The word 'écrit' helps you talk about this difference. It comes from the verb 'écrire', which means 'to write'. As an adjective, it describes a noun. For example, if you have a message on a piece of paper, you can call it 'un message écrit'. The most important rule to learn at this stage is that adjectives in French change depending on the word they describe. If the word is masculine, like 'un document', you use 'écrit'. If the word is feminine, like 'une lettre' (a letter), you must add an 'e' to the end, making it 'écrite'. This is very important because it changes how the word sounds. When you say 'écrit', you do not pronounce the 't' at the end. But when you say 'écrite', you must pronounce the 't' clearly. You will often see this word in your French classroom. Your teacher might give you 'un exercice écrit' (a written exercise) to do for homework. Learning this word helps you understand instructions and talk about the different ways we communicate in French.

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At the A2 elementary level, your understanding of 'écrit' expands beyond simple descriptions to include common phrases and practical applications in daily life. You already know that 'écrit' must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies (écrit, écrite, écrits, écrites). Now, you will start using it in more complex sentences and everyday situations. A very useful expression to learn at this level is 'par écrit', which means 'in writing'. This is an invariable phrase, meaning it never changes its spelling. If you want to be sure about something, you can say 'Je le veux par écrit' (I want it in writing). You will also encounter 'écrit' when dealing with administrative tasks or rules. For instance, you might need 'une autorisation écrite' (a written authorization) from a parent or a boss. In public places, you might see signs that refer to 'les règles écrites' (the written rules). Furthermore, 'écrit' is frequently used to contrast with 'oral'. In your language studies, you will have 'des examens écrits' (written exams) and 'des examens oraux' (oral exams). Mastering the use of 'écrit' at this level allows you to navigate practical situations, understand official requirements, and clearly express the format of communication you need or are providing.

At the B1 intermediate level, the use of 'écrit' becomes more sophisticated, particularly in professional and academic contexts. You are now expected to use 'écrit' not just to describe a physical document, but to discuss the medium of communication and its implications. In a business environment, the distinction between verbal and written communication is crucial. You will use phrases like 'confirmer par écrit' (to confirm in writing) to ensure professional accountability. The adjective 'écrit' also appears frequently in discussions about media and literature. You might talk about 'la presse écrite' (print media) as opposed to television or digital news. When analyzing texts, you can use adverbs to modify the adjective, describing a book as 'bien écrit' (well written) or 'mal écrit' (poorly written). At this level, you should also be comfortable with the passive voice, using structures like 'Le rapport a été écrit par le directeur' (The report was written by the director). Additionally, you will start to recognize 'un écrit' used as a noun, referring to a piece of writing or an essay. Understanding these nuances allows you to participate in more complex conversations about work, media, and literature, demonstrating a solid grasp of how the French value documented information.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your comprehension of 'écrit' deepens to include cultural nuances and the stylistic differences between written and spoken French. You are now aware that 'le français écrit' (written French) often employs a completely different register, vocabulary, and even grammar compared to 'le français oral' (spoken French). For example, the use of the 'passé simple' tense is a hallmark of formal written French, rarely used in speech. When you use the adjective 'écrit', you are often implicitly referring to this higher register. You will encounter 'écrit' in more abstract or legal contexts, such as 'le droit écrit' (written law) versus customary law. You will also use it in nuanced debates, perhaps arguing that 'une promesse écrite a plus de valeur' (a written promise has more value). Furthermore, you should be adept at using synonyms to add precision to your speech, choosing words like 'rédigé' (drafted), 'manuscrit' (handwritten), or 'dactylographié' (typed) instead of always relying on 'écrit'. At this stage, 'écrit' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a concept that helps you navigate the complex sociolinguistic landscape of the French language, allowing you to adapt your communication style appropriately depending on whether you are speaking or writing.

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At the C1 advanced level, the adjective 'écrit' is fully integrated into your sophisticated command of the French language. You utilize it effortlessly in highly formal, academic, and professional discourse. At this level, you understand the profound historical and cultural weight of the written word in France, a country with a deep reverence for literature and codified laws. You can engage in complex discussions about the evolution of 'la langue écrite' (the written language) and its regulation by institutions like the Académie Française. You use 'écrit' in idiomatic and literary expressions with precision. For instance, you might discuss the binding nature of 'un engagement écrit' (a written commitment) in a legal context, or analyze the stylistic merits of 'une œuvre magnifiquement écrite' (a magnificently written work). You are also highly sensitive to the subtle differences between 'écrit' and its synonyms, using 'rédigé' for formal drafting and 'manuscrit' to emphasize the physical act of writing by hand. Furthermore, you can critically evaluate texts, discussing whether the 'style écrit' is appropriate for the target audience. Your mastery of 'écrit' at the C1 level reflects your ability to navigate the highest registers of the French language, demonstrating a deep appreciation for the precision, formality, and permanence that the written word represents in Francophone culture.

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At the C2 mastery level, your understanding and application of 'écrit' are indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You grasp the philosophical and sociological implications of 'l'écrit' versus 'l'oral' in French society. You can eloquently debate the impact of digital communication on traditional 'normes écrites' (written norms) and the preservation of the French literary heritage. You employ the adjective 'écrit' in the most complex syntactic structures, effortlessly managing agreement in obscure literary tenses or highly convoluted passive constructions. You are familiar with archaic or highly specialized uses of the word in legal, historical, or theological texts. For example, you might analyze the significance of 'la tradition écrite' (the written tradition) in historical research. Your vocabulary is rich with nuanced alternatives, and you use 'écrit' not just as a descriptor, but as a thematic element in your discourse. You understand that in French culture, what is 'écrit' often carries an undeniable authority, a concept rooted in centuries of administrative and literary history. At this ultimate level of proficiency, 'écrit' is a tool you use to dissect, analyze, and contribute to the highest levels of intellectual and cultural conversation in the Francophone world, reflecting a complete and nuanced mastery of the language.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

écrit 30秒で

Means 'written' in English.
Must agree with the noun (écrit/écrite).
Silent 't' in masculine, pronounced in feminine.
Often used to mean 'in writing' (par écrit).

The French adjective 'écrit' is a fundamental vocabulary word that every learner must master early in their journey. It translates directly to 'written' in English and serves as the cornerstone for discussing any form of communication that is not spoken. Understanding the distinction between spoken and written language is particularly crucial in French, a language renowned for its strict grammatical rules and rich literary tradition. When we use the word 'écrit', we are referring to something that has been recorded on paper, typed on a screen, or otherwise permanently documented. This adjective is derived from the past participle of the irregular verb 'écrire', which means 'to write'. As an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies, taking the forms 'écrit' for masculine singular, 'écrite' for feminine singular, 'écrits' for masculine plural, and 'écrites' for feminine plural.

Grammatical Agreement: The adjective must always match the noun it describes in both gender and number, which is a core rule of French grammar.

The concept of the written word holds immense cultural weight in France, a nation that deeply reveres its authors, philosophers, and the Académie Française, the institution responsible for regulating the French language. Therefore, when you describe something as 'écrit', you are often implying a level of formality, permanence, and authority that spoken words may lack.

Il me faut un document écrit pour confirmer cette transaction importante.

For instance, a 'contrat écrit' (written contract) is legally binding and carries far more weight than a mere verbal agreement. In everyday conversation, people use this word to clarify the medium of communication. You might hear someone ask if instructions are available in a written format to ensure they do not forget them. The transition from a verb to an adjective is a common linguistic feature in French, and mastering this pattern with 'écrit' will help learners understand similar constructions. Furthermore, the pronunciation of 'écrit' changes depending on its gender. In the masculine form, the final 't' is silent, a classic characteristic of French phonetics. However, in the feminine form 'écrite', the addition of the 'e' forces the pronunciation of the 't', making it clearly audible.

Phonetic Shift: The silent consonant rule in French means that masculine adjectives often end in a silent letter, which sounds out when made feminine.

This phonetic shift is a vital listening comprehension skill for learners. Beyond its literal meaning, 'écrit' is embedded in numerous idiomatic expressions and administrative jargon.

La loi écrite doit être respectée par tous les citoyens du pays.

In the professional world, requesting something 'par écrit' (in writing) is a standard practice for accountability. The written language in French also employs different grammatical structures, such as the 'passé simple' (literary past tense), which is almost exclusively reserved for written texts.

J'ai reçu un avertissement écrit de la part de mon directeur ce matin.

Thus, the word 'écrit' not only describes a physical document but also serves as a gateway to an entirely different register of the French language. As you progress in your studies, you will encounter 'écrit' in various contexts, from academic exams, often divided into 'l'écrit' (the written part) and 'l'oral' (the spoken part), to historical archives.

Academic Context: In French schools, exams are strictly divided into written and oral components, emphasizing the dual nature of language proficiency.

Recognizing and correctly applying this adjective will significantly enhance your ability to navigate both everyday situations and more formal environments in any French-speaking country.

Cette règle n'est pas écrite, mais tout le monde la connaît très bien.

The mastery of 'écrit' is not just about vocabulary; it is about understanding the profound respect the French culture has for the documented word.

Les mots s'envolent, mais les documents écrits restent pour toujours.

By integrating this word into your active vocabulary, you unlock a deeper level of fluency and cultural appreciation.

Using the adjective 'écrit' correctly in French sentences requires a solid understanding of adjective placement and agreement rules. In French, adjectives generally follow the noun they modify, and 'écrit' is no exception to this fundamental rule. When you want to describe a noun as being written, you place 'écrit' directly after that noun. For example, 'un message écrit' means a written message. However, the most critical aspect of using 'écrit' is ensuring that it agrees in gender and number with the noun it is describing.

Masculine Singular: Use 'écrit' when describing a single masculine noun, such as un texte, un livre, or un document.

If the noun is masculine singular, you use the base form 'écrit'. If the noun is feminine singular, you must add an 'e' to the end, resulting in 'écrite'. For instance, 'une lettre' is feminine, so you would say 'une lettre écrite'.

Elle a envoyé une demande écrite au directeur des ressources humaines.

When dealing with plural nouns, you add an 's' to the respective singular forms. Therefore, masculine plural becomes 'écrits' (des messages écrits) and feminine plural becomes 'écrites' (des lettres écrites).

Feminine Plural: Use 'écrites' when describing multiple feminine nouns, such as des notes, des lois, or des invitations.

This agreement is not just a spelling rule; it fundamentally alters the pronunciation in the feminine forms, making the 't' sound clearly audible. Beyond simple noun modification, 'écrit' is frequently used with the verb 'être' (to be) in passive constructions or as a predicate adjective. For example, 'Le discours est écrit' translates to 'The speech is written'. In these cases, the adjective still agrees with the subject of the sentence.

Toutes les instructions sont écrites sur le tableau noir dans la salle de classe.

It is also important to note the phrase 'par écrit', which functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'in writing'. This phrase is invariable, meaning it never changes its spelling regardless of the context. You can say 'Je le veux par écrit' (I want it in writing).

Invariable Phrases: Expressions like 'par écrit' act as adverbs and do not change form, making them very easy to use in any sentence.

Another common structure involves using 'écrit' to specify the language in which something is documented, such as 'écrit en français' (written in French).

Ce poème magnifique est écrit en vieil anglais et est difficile à comprendre.

When forming negative sentences, the negation goes around the verb, not the adjective: 'Le document n'est pas écrit' (The document is not written). Furthermore, 'écrit' can be used to describe rules or laws, as in 'la loi écrite' (written law), distinguishing it from customary or unwritten law.

Il y a une règle non écrite qui dit qu'il faut toujours saluer le boulanger.

In literary contexts, you might encounter more complex sentences where 'écrit' is modified by adverbs, such as 'bien écrit' (well written) or 'mal écrit' (poorly written). These adverbs precede the adjective.

C'est un roman très bien écrit qui a remporté de nombreux prix prestigieux.

Mastering these sentence structures will greatly enhance your ability to express yourself clearly and accurately in French, allowing you to discuss documents, literature, and communication mediums with confidence and grammatical precision.

The word 'écrit' permeates almost every aspect of daily life in French-speaking countries, making it an indispensable part of your vocabulary. You will encounter this word in a wide variety of contexts, ranging from casual conversations to highly formal administrative procedures. One of the most common places you will hear 'écrit' is in the educational system. French schools place a heavy emphasis on the distinction between spoken and written skills. Teachers frequently refer to 'une épreuve écrite' (a written test) or 'un devoir écrit' (a written assignment).

School Environment: Students are constantly evaluated on their written expression, making 'écrit' a daily vocabulary word in classrooms.

During exam periods, such as the famous Baccalauréat, students must pass both 'l'écrit' and 'l'oral', highlighting the dual nature of the assessment.

Les résultats de l'examen écrit seront publiés la semaine prochaine sur le site web.

Beyond the classroom, the professional world relies heavily on the concept of 'écrit'. In business environments, verbal agreements are often considered insufficient for important matters. Colleagues and managers will frequently request confirmation 'par écrit' to ensure there is a paper trail and clear accountability. You will hear phrases like 'un rapport écrit' (a written report) or 'un avertissement écrit' (a written warning) in corporate settings.

Corporate Communication: Written documentation is the backbone of French corporate culture, ensuring clarity and legal protection for all parties involved.

Furthermore, the French administrative system, known for its extensive bureaucracy, is entirely built upon written documents. When dealing with the government, renting an apartment, or signing up for services, you will constantly be asked for 'une preuve écrite' (written proof) or 'un consentement écrit' (written consent).

La préfecture exige une autorisation écrite des parents pour ce document spécifique.

In the realm of journalism and media, 'la presse écrite' refers specifically to print media, such as newspapers and magazines, distinguishing it from television or radio broadcasts.

Il travaille comme journaliste pour la presse écrite depuis plus de vingt ans.

You might also hear 'écrit' in discussions about literature and the arts. Critics and readers often discuss whether a book is 'bien écrit' (well written) or 'mal écrit' (poorly written).

Literary Critique: The quality of writing is highly scrutinized in France, and the adjective is used to judge the stylistic merit of an author.

Even in casual, everyday life, the word appears frequently. If you are learning a new board game, someone might say 'les règles sont écrites ici' (the rules are written here).

C'est écrit en petits caractères en bas de la page du contrat de location.

Or, if someone is quoting a famous saying, they might preface it with 'comme il est écrit' (as it is written).

Comme c'est écrit dans le manuel, vous devez appuyer sur ce bouton rouge.

Understanding these diverse contexts will help you anticipate when to use the word and how to interpret its significance in different situations, from passing a school exam to signing a lease for a Parisian apartment.

When learning to use the adjective 'écrit', English speakers frequently encounter a few specific stumbling blocks. The most prevalent mistake, by far, is failing to make the adjective agree with the noun it modifies. Because English adjectives do not change form based on gender or number, learners often default to the masculine singular form 'écrit' for everything.

Agreement Errors: Forgetting to add the 'e' for feminine nouns or the 's' for plural nouns is the most common grammatical error learners make.

For example, a student might incorrectly write 'une lettre écrit' instead of the correct 'une lettre écrite'. This mistake is particularly noticeable in spoken French because it changes the pronunciation.

La réponse écrite était très claire et détaillée pour tous les participants.

If you say 'une lettre écrit' with a silent 't', a native speaker will immediately recognize the grammatical error. Therefore, it is crucial to consciously link the gender of the noun to the pronunciation of the adjective. Another common mistake is confusing the adjective 'écrit' with the noun 'un écrit' or the past participle used in compound tenses. While they look identical, their functions in a sentence are different.

Part of Speech Confusion: Learners sometimes struggle to distinguish between 'écrit' as a descriptive adjective and 'écrit' as a noun meaning 'a piece of writing'.

For instance, in the sentence 'J'ai lu ses écrits' (I read his writings), 'écrits' is a plural noun. In 'un document écrit', it is an adjective.

Il a laissé de nombreux écrits philosophiques avant sa mort tragique.

Furthermore, learners sometimes misplace the adjective. In French, descriptive adjectives like 'écrit' almost always follow the noun. Writing 'un écrit document' instead of 'un document écrit' is a direct translation error from English word order and sounds very unnatural in French.

Nous avons besoin d'un accord écrit avant de commencer les travaux de construction.

Another subtle mistake involves the phrase 'par écrit'. Because learners know that 'écrit' must agree with nouns, they sometimes incorrectly try to make 'par écrit' agree as well, writing things like 'une demande par écrite'. This is incorrect because 'par écrit' functions as an invariable adverbial phrase.

Over-correction: Do not change the spelling of 'écrit' when it is part of the fixed expression 'par écrit', regardless of the surrounding nouns.

It must always remain 'par écrit'.

Elle a exigé que la promesse soit faite par écrit immédiatement.

Finally, pronunciation errors are frequent. English speakers often pronounce the final 't' in the masculine singular form, which should be silent. Conversely, they might drop the 't' sound in the feminine form, making it sound masculine.

Les consignes écrites sont affichées sur le mur de la salle de repos.

Overcoming these common mistakes requires active practice, a strong grasp of noun genders, and careful attention to French phonetic rules.

While 'écrit' is the most common and versatile adjective for describing something that is written, the French language offers several nuanced alternatives that can add precision and elegance to your vocabulary. Understanding these synonyms and related terms will elevate your French from a basic level to a more advanced, descriptive proficiency. One closely related word is 'rédigé'. While 'écrit' simply means written, 'rédigé' implies a more thoughtful, structured, and formal process of drafting or composing a text.

Rédigé: Use 'rédigé' when talking about contracts, essays, or official documents that require careful composition and drafting.

For example, you might say 'un contrat bien rédigé' (a well-drafted contract) rather than just 'bien écrit'.

Le rapport a été soigneusement rédigé par l'équipe d'experts en finance.

Another important alternative is 'manuscrit'. This adjective specifically means handwritten, distinguishing it from something that is typed or printed.

Manuscrit: This term is essential when you need to specify that a document was written by hand, not produced by a machine.

If you receive a personal letter, you might describe it as 'une lettre manuscrite' to emphasize the personal touch.

Il a trouvé un vieux poème manuscrit dans le grenier de son grand-père.

On the opposite end of the spectrum, you have 'imprimé', which means printed. In a modern office setting, you will often need to distinguish between a digital document and a physical, printed one.

Veuillez remplir ce formulaire imprimé avec un stylo noir ou bleu.

If you are referring to something typed on a keyboard, the older term 'dactylographié' (typewritten) is still used in formal or legal contexts, though 'tapé à l'ordinateur' (typed on the computer) is more common in everyday speech.

Dactylographié: A highly formal word used to describe documents produced on a typewriter or computer keyboard, often seen in legal requirements.

When discussing the style or tone of writing, you might use adjectives like 'littéraire' (literary) or 'poétique' (poetic) to provide more specific descriptions than just 'écrit'.

Le texte est d'un style très littéraire, plein de métaphores complexes.

It is also useful to know the antonyms. The most direct opposite of 'écrit' is 'oral' (spoken or oral) or 'verbal' (verbal).

Un simple accord verbal n'est pas suffisant pour cette transaction immobilière.

By expanding your vocabulary to include these alternatives, you can communicate with much greater accuracy, ensuring that you convey exactly how a document was created and what level of formality it represents.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The Latin root 'scribere' is also the ancestor of many English words, including 'script', 'scribble', 'describe', and 'prescription'.

発音ガイド

UK /e.kʁi/

US /e.kʁi/

The stress falls slightly on the final syllable 'cri'.

韻が合う語

cri prix lit rit abri esprit paradis paris

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the final 't' in the masculine form 'écrit'. It must be silent.
Failing to pronounce the final 't' in the feminine form 'écrite'. It must be clearly heard.
Pronouncing the 'é' as an English 'uh' sound. It should be a crisp 'ay' sound.
Rolling the 'r' like in Spanish instead of using the back of the throat for the French 'r'.
Adding an 's' sound for the plural forms 'écrits' or 'écrites'. The 's' is silent.

難易度

読解 2/5

Very easy to recognize in texts, though the feminine/plural agreements require attention.

ライティング 4/5

Requires remembering the gender of the noun to apply the correct agreement (écrit/écrite/écrits/écrites).

スピーキング 5/5

The phonetic difference between the silent 't' in masculine and pronounced 't' in feminine is a common stumbling block.

リスニング 5/5

Requires sharp listening skills to catch the final 't' sound to determine if the speaker is referring to a feminine noun.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

écrire un document une lettre un livre lire

次に学ぶ

rédigé manuscrit imprimé oral verbal

上級

dactylographié consigné textuel libellé épistolaire

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

Le document est écrit (masculine). La lettre est écrite (feminine).

Adjective Placement

Un message écrit (adjective follows the noun).

Passive Voice

Le livre a été écrit par Victor Hugo.

Invariable Adverbial Phrases

Il a répondu par écrit (never changes to 'écrite').

Silent Final Consonants

The 't' in 'écrit' is silent, but pronounced in 'écrite'.

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レベル別の例文

C'est un message écrit.

It is a written message.

'Message' is masculine singular, so 'écrit' is used without an 'e'.

La lettre est écrite en français.

The letter is written in French.

'Lettre' is feminine singular, so 'écrite' takes an 'e'.

Je lis un document écrit.

I am reading a written document.

'Document' is masculine singular.

Les mots sont écrits au tableau.

The words are written on the board.

'Mots' is masculine plural, so 'écrits' takes an 's'.

C'est une règle écrite.

It is a written rule.

'Règle' is feminine singular.

Le texte est écrit en noir.

The text is written in black.

'Texte' is masculine singular.

J'ai un exercice écrit à faire.

I have a written exercise to do.

'Exercice' is masculine singular.

Les notes sont écrites dans le cahier.

The notes are written in the notebook.

'Notes' is feminine plural, so 'écrites' takes 'es'.

Il faut répondre par écrit.

You must reply in writing.

'Par écrit' is an invariable adverbial phrase.

Avez-vous une preuve écrite ?

Do you have written proof?

'Preuve' is feminine singular.

L'examen écrit est demain matin.

The written exam is tomorrow morning.

'Examen' is masculine singular.

Je préfère les instructions écrites.

I prefer written instructions.

'Instructions' is feminine plural.

C'est un accord écrit entre nous.

It is a written agreement between us.

'Accord' is masculine singular.

La date est écrite sur la boîte.

The date is written on the box.

'Date' is feminine singular.

Il a laissé un mot écrit sur la table.

He left a written note on the table.

'Mot' is masculine singular.

Toutes les questions sont écrites ici.

All the questions are written here.

'Questions' is feminine plural.

Le contrat doit être écrit et signé.

The contract must be written and signed.

Passive construction with 'être', agreement with 'contrat'.

Je travaille pour la presse écrite.

I work for the print media.

'Presse écrite' is a fixed expression for print media.

Ce roman est vraiment très bien écrit.

This novel is really very well written.

Adverb 'bien' modifies the adjective 'écrit'.

Veuillez envoyer votre demande par écrit.

Please send your request in writing.

Formal request using 'par écrit'.

Les lois écrites protègent les citoyens.

Written laws protect the citizens.

'Lois' is feminine plural.

Il a reçu un avertissement écrit de son patron.

He received a written warning from his boss.

'Avertissement' is masculine singular.

L'épreuve écrite dure trois heures.

The written test lasts three hours.

'Épreuve' is feminine singular.

Le discours était déjà écrit à l'avance.

The speech was already written in advance.

Agreement with masculine singular 'discours'.

Une confirmation écrite est exigée pour valider l'inscription.

A written confirmation is required to validate the registration.

Formal administrative vocabulary with feminine agreement.

Le français écrit diffère considérablement du français oral.

Written French differs considerably from spoken French.

Contrasting 'écrit' and 'oral' as adjectives modifying 'français'.

Il s'agit d'une règle non écrite de notre entreprise.

It is an unwritten rule of our company.

Use of 'non écrite' to mean unwritten or customary.

Le rapport, écrit par des experts, a été publié hier.

The report, written by experts, was published yesterday.

'Écrit' used as an appositive adjective modifying 'rapport'.

Je refuse de m'engager sans un document écrit.

I refuse to commit without a written document.

Expressing necessity of written proof in professional context.

Cette clause écrite en petits caractères est très importante.

This clause written in small print is very important.

Feminine agreement with 'clause'.

Les témoignages écrits ont été présentés au juge.

The written testimonies were presented to the judge.

Masculine plural agreement with 'témoignages'.

Son style écrit est beaucoup plus formel que sa façon de parler.

His written style is much more formal than his way of speaking.

'Style' is masculine singular.

La validité juridique d'un consentement écrit est incontestable.

The legal validity of a written consent is indisputable.

Advanced legal vocabulary and complex sentence structure.

L'auteur a su créer une œuvre écrite d'une rare profondeur.

The author managed to create a written work of rare depth.

Literary critique using feminine agreement with 'œuvre'.

Dans la tradition juridique française, le droit écrit prévaut sur la coutume.

In the French legal tradition, written law prevails over custom.

Specific cultural and legal concept of 'droit écrit'.

Les directives écrites émanant du ministère sont strictement appliquées.

The written directives emanating from the ministry are strictly applied.

Feminine plural agreement with 'directives'.

Il a formulé ses griefs par écrit pour laisser une trace indélébile.

He formulated his grievances in writing to leave an indelible trace.

Sophisticated use of 'par écrit' with advanced vocabulary.

La transmission écrite du savoir a révolutionné l'histoire humaine.

The written transmission of knowledge revolutionized human history.

Abstract concept using feminine agreement with 'transmission'.

Ce traité, bien qu'écrit il y a des siècles, reste d'actualité.

This treaty, although written centuries ago, remains relevant.

Concessive clause with 'bien qu'écrit'.

La maîtrise de l'expression écrite est indispensable pour ce poste de direction.

Mastery of written expression is essential for this management position.

'Expression écrite' is a standard formal phrase.

L'hégémonie de la norme écrite dans la culture française est un héritage de l'absolutisme.

The hegemony of the written norm in French culture is a legacy of absolutism.

Highly academic discourse on sociolinguistics and history.

Toute dérogation à ces dispositions écrites entraînera la nullité du contrat.

Any derogation from these written provisions will result in the nullity of the contract.

Complex legal phrasing with feminine plural agreement.

L'écrivain joue avec les contraintes de la langue écrite pour forger un style inouï.

The writer plays with the constraints of the written language to forge an unprecedented style.

Literary analysis of style and language constraints.

La sacralisation de la trace écrite entrave parfois la fluidité des échanges administratifs.

The sacralization of the written trace sometimes hinders the fluidity of administrative exchanges.

Critical analysis of French bureaucracy.

Il convient de consigner ces résolutions par écrit afin d'en pérenniser la teneur.

It is advisable to record these resolutions in writing in order to perpetuate their content.

Highly formal corporate or diplomatic language.

Les archives écrites constituent le socle irréfutable de la recherche historiographique.

Written archives constitute the irrefutable foundation of historiographical research.

Academic terminology in the field of history.

Cette injonction, formellement écrite, ne souffre aucune interprétation équivoque.

This formally written injunction suffers no equivocal interpretation.

Use of adverbs modifying the adjective in a legal context.

La dichotomie entre l'usage oral vernaculaire et le standard écrit académique s'accentue.

The dichotomy between vernacular oral use and the academic written standard is accentuating.

Advanced linguistic analysis.

よく使う組み合わせ

un accord écrit

une épreuve écrite

la presse écrite

un document écrit

une trace écrite

le droit écrit

un avertissement écrit

une demande écrite

bien écrit

mal écrit

よく使うフレーズ

par écrit

— In writing. Used to specify the medium of communication.

Je vous confirmerai cela par écrit.

mettre par écrit

— To put in writing. To document something formally.

Il est préférable de mettre cet accord par écrit.

noir sur blanc

— In black and white. Meaning clearly written down.

C'est écrit noir sur blanc dans le contrat.

l'écrit et l'oral

— The written and the spoken. Often refers to parts of an exam.

Il a réussi l'écrit mais a échoué à l'oral.

laissez-le par écrit

— Leave it in writing. A request for documentation.

Si vous avez une plainte, laissez-la par écrit.

règle non écrite

— Unwritten rule. A custom or norm that is followed but not documented.

C'est une règle non écrite dans cette entreprise.

comme il est écrit

— As it is written. Used to quote a text or rule.

Comme il est écrit dans la loi, c'est interdit.

langue écrite

— Written language. The formal register of a language.

La langue écrite est plus complexe que la langue parlée.

réponse écrite

— Written response. A formal reply via letter or email.

J'attends une réponse écrite de leur part.

preuve écrite

— Written proof. Documented evidence.

Sans preuve écrite, vous ne pouvez rien faire.

よく混同される語

écrit vs un écrit (noun)

The adjective 'écrit' describes a noun (un document écrit). The noun 'un écrit' refers to a piece of writing itself (les écrits de l'auteur).

écrit vs écrit (verb conjugation)

'Il écrit' is the present tense verb (he writes). The adjective 'écrit' is used to describe something (le mot est écrit).

écrit vs décrit (adjective/verb)

'Décrit' means described. Do not confuse it with 'écrit' (written).

慣用句と表現

"les paroles s'envolent, les écrits restent"

— Spoken words fly away, written words remain. Emphasizes the permanence of writing.

Faites signer ce contrat, car les paroles s'envolent, les écrits restent.

formal

"c'est écrit dans le ciel"

— It is written in the sky/stars. Meaning it is destined to happen.

Leur rencontre était écrite dans le ciel.

informal

"c'est écrit sur son front"

— It is written on his/her forehead. Meaning it is obvious what they are thinking or feeling.

Qu'il ment, c'est écrit sur son front !

informal

"être écrit d'avance"

— To be written in advance. Meaning the outcome is predictable or predetermined.

La fin de ce film était écrite d'avance.

neutral

"noir sur blanc"

— Black on white. Meaning explicitly and clearly written down.

Je veux voir cette promesse noir sur blanc.

neutral

"lettre morte"

— Dead letter. A written rule or law that is ignored.

Cette loi est restée lettre morte.

formal

"prendre acte par écrit"

— To take formal written notice of something.

Nous prenons acte par écrit de votre décision.

formal

"coucher sur le papier"

— To lay down on paper. To write something out.

Il a couché ses mémoires sur le papier.

literary

"un gratte-papier"

— A paper-scratcher. A derogatory term for a bureaucrat or office worker.

Ce n'est qu'un gratte-papier de l'administration.

slang

"à l'écrit comme à l'oral"

— In writing as in speaking. Meaning in all forms of communication.

Il fait beaucoup de fautes, à l'écrit comme à l'oral.

neutral

間違えやすい

écrit vs oral

It is the exact opposite of 'écrit'.

'Écrit' means written down, while 'oral' means spoken out loud.

L'examen est écrit, pas oral.

écrit vs manuscrit

Both refer to written documents.

'Écrit' is a general term for anything written. 'Manuscrit' specifically means written by hand, not typed.

C'est un document écrit, mais il n'est pas manuscrit, il est imprimé.

écrit vs rédigé

Used interchangeably in formal contexts.

'Rédigé' implies a process of drafting or composing, often used for official documents. 'Écrit' is more general.

Le contrat a été rédigé par un expert.

écrit vs imprimé

Both involve text on paper.

'Imprimé' means printed by a machine. 'Écrit' can be handwritten or typed.

Veuillez lire le texte imprimé.

écrit vs inscrit

Similar spelling and related meaning.

'Inscrit' means registered, enrolled, or inscribed. 'Écrit' just means written.

Il est inscrit à l'école.

文型パターン

C'est + un/une + noun + écrit(e).

C'est un message écrit.

Noun + être + écrit(e) + en + language.

La lettre est écrite en français.

Il faut + infinitive + par écrit.

Il faut confirmer par écrit.

Un/Une + noun + bien/mal + écrit(e).

C'est un rapport très bien écrit.

Bien qu'écrit(e) + time phrase, + clause.

Bien qu'écrit au 19ème siècle, ce livre est moderne.

La + noun (feminine) + écrite + verb.

La règle écrite prévaut sur la coutume.

Je préfère + noun + écrit(e).

Je préfère une réponse écrite.

Avoir + besoin de + trace/preuve + écrite.

J'ai besoin d'une trace écrite.

語族

名詞

un écrit (a piece of writing)

un écrivain (a writer)

une écriture (handwriting/writing)

un écritoire (a writing desk)

動詞

écrire (to write)

réécrire (to rewrite)

transcrire (to transcribe)

形容詞

inscriptible (writable)

descriptif (descriptive)

使い方

frequency

Extremely common in both spoken and written French.

よくある間違い

Une lettre écrit. → Une lettre écrite.
'Lettre' is a feminine noun, so the adjective must take the feminine form by adding an 'e'.
Un écrit document. → Un document écrit.
In French, descriptive adjectives like 'écrit' must be placed after the noun, not before it like in English.
Une demande par écrite. → Une demande par écrit.
The phrase 'par écrit' is invariable. It acts as an adverb and never changes its spelling to agree with the noun.
Pronouncing the 't' in 'un message écrit'. → Keeping the 't' silent.
In the masculine singular form, the final consonant 't' is silent according to French phonetic rules.
Les documents est écrit. → Les documents sont écrits.
When the noun is plural, the verb must be plural (sont) and the adjective must take an 's' (écrits).

ヒント

Agreement is Key

Always double-check the gender of the noun you are describing. If it is feminine, you must add an 'e' to make it 'écrite'.

The Silent T

Train yourself to stop before the 't' when saying the masculine form 'écrit'. It should end on the 'ee' vowel sound.

The Hard T

When saying the feminine form 'écrite', make sure the 't' sound is crisp and clear. This is how native speakers know you are using the feminine form.

Learn the Phrase

Memorize 'par écrit' as a single chunk of vocabulary. It is incredibly useful in professional and administrative situations.

Adjective Placement

Never put 'écrit' before the noun. It is always 'un livre écrit', never 'un écrit livre'.

Paper Trail

In France, always ask for important things 'par écrit'. Verbal promises are rarely considered binding in business or administration.

Listen for the E

When doing listening exercises, use the presence or absence of the 't' sound in 'écrit(e)' as a clue to figure out the gender of the noun being discussed.

Use Synonyms

To sound more advanced, try using 'rédigé' instead of 'écrit' when talking about formal documents like reports or contracts.

Don't Change Par Écrit

Never add an 'e' or 's' to 'par écrit', even if the subject is feminine or plural. It is an invariable phrase.

Context Clues

If you see 'un écrit', look at the article 'un'. This tells you it is being used as a noun (a piece of writing), not an adjective.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'écrit' as a 'script' (they sound slightly similar and share the same Latin root). A script is something that is WRITTEN down.

視覚的連想

Visualize a large, glowing letter 'E' stamping the word 'écrit' onto a blank piece of parchment paper.

Word Web

écrit écrire document lettre papier stylo lire texte

チャレンジ

Find three items in your room that have text on them. Point to each one and say 'C'est écrit' (It is written).

語源

The word 'écrit' comes from the Latin word 'scriptus', which is the past participle of 'scribere', meaning 'to write'.

元の意味： In Latin, 'scriptus' referred to anything that had been marked, drawn, or written down.

Indo-European > Italic > Romance > Gallo-Romance > Old French > Modern French.

文化的な背景

Be aware that asking for something 'par écrit' in a casual setting might seem overly formal or imply a lack of trust. Reserve it for business or administrative situations.

In English-speaking cultures, verbal agreements (like a handshake deal) sometimes hold more cultural weight than in France, where a 'contrat écrit' is absolutely essential.

The famous Latin proverb 'Verba volant, scripta manent' translates to French as 'Les paroles s'envolent, les écrits restent'. Victor Hugo's extensive 'écrits' (writings) shaped French literature. The 'Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen' is one of the most important 'textes écrits' in French history.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At school or university

une épreuve écrite
l'expression écrite
un devoir écrit
à l'écrit

In a business meeting

confirmer par écrit
un accord écrit
une trace écrite
mettre par écrit

Dealing with administration

une demande écrite
une preuve écrite
un consentement écrit
par écrit

Discussing literature or media

la presse écrite
un style bien écrit
les écrits de l'auteur
une œuvre écrite

Everyday instructions

c'est écrit ici
les règles écrites
écrit en français
une note écrite

会話のきっかけ

"Préférez-vous les examens à l'écrit ou à l'oral ?"

"Pensez-vous qu'un accord verbal est suffisant, ou faut-il toujours un document écrit ?"

"Lisez-vous souvent la presse écrite, ou préférez-vous les informations sur Internet ?"

"Avez-vous déjà reçu un avertissement écrit au travail ou à l'école ?"

"Est-ce que le français écrit vous semble beaucoup plus difficile que le français parlé ?"

日記のテーマ

Décrivez la différence entre votre style de communication à l'écrit et à l'oral.

Racontez une situation où vous avez absolument eu besoin d'une preuve écrite.

Pourquoi pensez-vous que les règles écrites sont importantes dans la société ?

Écrivez sur un livre ou un article qui était particulièrement bien écrit.

Quelles sont les difficultés que vous rencontrez avec le français écrit ?

よくある質問

10 問

If the word is masculine singular (écrit) or masculine plural (écrits), the 't' is completely silent. If the word is feminine singular (écrite) or feminine plural (écrites), you must pronounce the 't' clearly.

The phrase 'par écrit' is an invariable adverbial expression. It acts as an adverb meaning 'in writing'. Because it is an adverbial phrase, it never changes its spelling to agree with any noun.

No, in French, descriptive adjectives like 'écrit' almost always follow the noun they modify. You must say 'un document écrit', not 'un écrit document'.

'Écrit' is the general word for 'written'. 'Rédigé' is more formal and implies that the text was carefully drafted or composed, like a legal contract or a professional report.

You say 'écrit en français'. Remember to make 'écrit' agree with the noun. For example, 'La lettre est écrite en français'.

It can be both! As an adjective, it describes something (un message écrit). As a noun, it refers to a piece of writing (les écrits de Victor Hugo).

'La presse écrite' is a fixed expression that translates to 'print media'. It refers to newspapers, magazines, and journals, as opposed to television or radio.

For masculine plural, add an 's' (écrits). For feminine plural, add 'es' (écrites). The 's' is silent in both cases, so 'écrits' sounds exactly like 'écrit', and 'écrites' sounds exactly like 'écrite'.

The most common opposite is 'oral' (spoken). In legal or business contexts, you might also use 'verbal' (as in 'un accord verbal').

French has a strong literary tradition and formal institutions like the Académie Française that preserve strict grammar rules for writing. Spoken French has evolved to be faster and more relaxed, dropping many formal structures.

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