प्रतिद्वंद्वी 30秒で
- A rival or competitor.
- Someone you compete against.
- Used in sports, business, and politics.
- Implies a struggle for victory.
The Hindi word प्रतिद्वंद्वी (pratidvandvi) is a noun that refers to someone or something that competes with another. It's used in various contexts, from sports and business to politics and even personal rivalries. Think of it as the Hindi equivalent of 'rival,' 'opponent,' 'competitor,' or 'adversary.' When two entities are striving for the same goal or trying to outperform each other, the term प्रतिद्वंद्वी comes into play.
- Key Meanings
- A person or entity actively engaged in competition.
- Someone who is trying to win against another in a contest or struggle.
- An opposing force or party in any kind of rivalry.
यह खेल हमारे लिए महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि हमारा मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी भी इसमें भाग ले रहा है।
In business, companies that offer similar products or services are often referred to as प्रतिद्वंद्वी. For example, two phone manufacturers launching new models at the same time are in direct competition, making them प्रतिद्वंद्वी. In sports, the opposing team or player is a प्रतिद्वंद्वी. Even in politics, candidates running against each other are considered प्रतिद्वंद्वी. The word carries a sense of direct opposition and the effort to surpass the other.
- Usage Scenarios
- Sports: The opposing team in a match.
- Business: Companies offering similar goods or services.
- Politics: Candidates running against each other.
- General Rivalry: Any situation where individuals or groups are in competition.
यह कंपनी बाज़ार में अपने मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी को कड़ी टक्कर दे रही है।
The word प्रतिद्वंद्वी implies an active and often direct form of competition. It's not just about being different; it's about actively trying to be better or to achieve a goal that the other is also pursuing. This makes it a strong word to describe situations of intense rivalry.
Using प्रतिद्वंद्वी (pratidvandvi) correctly in sentences involves understanding its role as a noun representing a competitor or rival. It typically appears as the subject or object of a sentence, or in a possessive construction. The grammatical gender of प्रतिद्वंद्वी is masculine, which may influence adjective agreement if used directly before the noun, though this is less common for this specific word.
- Basic Sentence Structures
- Subject: प्रतिद्वंद्वी + Verb + Object/Complement. Example:
हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी बहुत मजबूत है।
Our competitor is very strong. - Object: Subject + Verb + प्रतिद्वंद्वी. Example:
हमने अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी को हरा दिया।
We defeated our competitor. - Possessive: Subject + 'का/की/के' + प्रतिद्वंद्वी. Example:
यह हमारे प्रतिद्वंद्वी की रणनीति है।
This is our competitor's strategy.
When describing business competition, you can use phrases like 'बाजार में प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (competitor in the market) or 'प्रमुख प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (main competitor). In sports, it's straightforward: 'विरोधी टीम के प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (opponent team's competitor) or simply 'हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (our competitor). The context will always clarify the specific type of rivalry.
- Advanced Usage
- Using adjectives to describe the competitor:
यह एक चतुर प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
This is a clever competitor. - Using postpositions to indicate relationship:
हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी के साथ संबंध तनावपूर्ण है।
The relationship with our competitor is tense.
Remember to consider the context. If you're talking about a race, प्रतिद्वंद्वी refers to the other racers. If it's a business negotiation, it refers to the other company. The versatile nature of the word allows it to fit into many competitive scenarios.
You'll encounter the word प्रतिद्वंद्वी (pratidvandvi) frequently in various real-world situations, especially in media, business discussions, and sports commentary. Its usage highlights the dynamic of competition and rivalry, making it a common term in everyday Hindi conversations related to these fields.
- Sports Reporting
- In any sports news or live commentary, when discussing a match or game, commentators will often refer to the opposing players or teams as प्रतिद्वंद्वी. For instance, 'यह मैच दो महान प्रतिद्वंद्वी के बीच है।' (This match is between two great rivals/competitors.)
आज के फाइनल में, दोनों प्रतिद्वंद्वी अपना सर्वश्रेष्ठ प्रदर्शन करने के लिए तैयार हैं।
- Business and Economics
- News channels discussing market trends, company strategies, or mergers often use प्रतिद्वंद्वी to describe competing businesses. 'हमारी कंपनी का सबसे बड़ा प्रतिद्वंद्वी अगले महीने एक नया उत्पाद लॉन्च कर रहा है।' (Our company's biggest competitor is launching a new product next month.)
यह दो प्रमुख प्रतिद्वंद्वी कंपनियों के बीच एक महत्वपूर्ण लड़ाई है।
- Politics and Elections
- During election campaigns, political analysts and news reporters refer to candidates running against each other as प्रतिद्वंद्वी. 'मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी ने अपने विरोधियों पर तीखे हमले किए।' (The main rival launched sharp attacks on his opponents.)
In social contexts, if two friends are competing in a game or a challenge, one might jokingly call the other a प्रतिद्वंद्वी. The word itself carries a connotation of a serious contest, but it can also be used more lightly depending on the tone and situation.
When learning Hindi, learners might make a few common mistakes when using or understanding the word प्रतिद्वंद्वी (pratidvandvi). These often stem from direct translation or misunderstanding the nuances of its usage compared to English equivalents.
- Mistake 1: Direct Translation of 'Competitor'
- Mistake: Assuming प्रतिद्वंद्वी always means 'competitor' in a purely commercial sense and failing to recognize its broader application in sports, politics, or personal rivalries. For example, using it only for businesses and not for opposing teams.
- Correction: Understand that प्रतिद्वंद्वी encompasses 'rival,' 'opponent,' and 'adversary' in addition to 'competitor.' Context is key.
Incorrect: यह मेरा व्यावसायिक प्रतिद्वंद्वी है। (When referring to a friend in a game)
Correct: वह मेरा दोस्त है, प्रतिद्वंद्वी नहीं। (He is my friend, not a rival.)
- Mistake 2: Grammatical Errors with Pluralization
- Mistake: Using the singular form when referring to multiple competitors or using incorrect plural forms. The word 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' itself can sometimes function as a plural for people, but the oblique form 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों' is more common in plural contexts involving postpositions.
- Correction: Be mindful of pluralization. For multiple competitors, especially when followed by a postposition like 'के साथ' (with) or 'से' (from), use 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों'.
Incorrect: मैंने कई प्रतिद्वंद्वी को देखा।
Correct: मैंने कई प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को देखा। (I saw many competitors.)
- Mistake 3: Overlooking the Nuance of 'Rivalry'
- Mistake: Using प्रतिद्वंद्वी in situations where the competition is very mild or not direct. The word implies a degree of seriousness or direct opposition.
- Correction: Ensure the context involves a genuine contest or struggle. For less intense competition, other words might be more appropriate.
Incorrect: वह मेरी पसंदीदा किताब का प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
Correct: यह किताब उस किताब की तरह लोकप्रिय नहीं है। (This book is not as popular as that book.)
Understanding similar words helps in choosing the most precise term for a given context. प्रतिद्वंद्वी (pratidvandvi) is a strong word for competition, but Hindi offers other options with slightly different nuances.
- प्रतिद्वंद्वी vs. विरोधी (Virodhi)
- विरोधी (virodhi) is a more general term meaning 'opponent,' 'enemy,' or 'one who is against.' It can apply to political opponents, enemies in a conflict, or even someone who opposes your ideas. प्रतिद्वंद्वी specifically implies a contest for superiority or a goal, often in a more formal or structured competition like sports or business.
- Example:
- * प्रतिद्वंद्वी:The football team is preparing to face its strongest प्रतिद्वंद्वी in the finals. (Focus on competition)
- * विरोधी: The political party is the main विरोधी of the ruling government. (Focus on opposition/enmity)
- प्रतिद्वंद्वी vs. प्रतिस्पर्धी (Pratispardhi)
- प्रतिस्पर्धी (pratispardhi) is very close in meaning to 'competitor,' often used in business and economics. It emphasizes the act of competing or striving against others for success or a prize. While प्रतिद्वंद्वी can imply a more direct, head-to-head contest, प्रतिस्पर्धी can refer to any entity in the same market or field vying for resources or customers.
- Example:
- * प्रतिद्वंद्वी: The two chess grandmasters are fierce प्रतिद्वंद्वी. (Implies a direct, intense rivalry)
- * प्रतिस्पर्धी: Many small businesses are प्रतिस्पर्धी in the online retail market. (Refers to entities in the same market)
- प्रतिद्वंद्वी vs. शत्रु (Shatru)
- शत्रु (shatru) means 'enemy' and implies a deep-seated animosity or hostility, often in a conflict or war. It's a much stronger and negative term than प्रतिद्वंद्वी, which focuses on competition rather than hatred.
- Example:
- * प्रतिद्वंद्वी: The race for the championship is between two main प्रतिद्वंद्वी. (Competitive context)
- * शत्रु: The two nations have been शत्रु for decades. (Hostile relationship)
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The root 'dvandva' itself signifies a duality or a pair, inherently suggesting opposition or comparison. When 'prati' is added, it emphasizes the adversarial nature of this pairing, making it specifically about competition or rivalry.
発音ガイド
- Mispronouncing the 'dh' sound, often replacing it with a simple 'd' or 'th'.
- Incorrectly stressing the first syllable instead of the second.
- Not rolling the 'r' in 'pr' enough.
- Making the 'v' sound too hard.
- Confusing the nasal 'ndh' sound with a regular 'nd'.
難易度
The word itself is of moderate difficulty. Understanding its usage requires grasping the context of competition, rivalry, and opposition, which can be nuanced. Recognizing its different applications in sports, business, and politics helps in comprehension.
Using 'pratidvandvi' correctly in writing demands an understanding of its specific meaning and grammatical nuances, particularly pluralization and its use with postpositions. Choosing between 'pratidvandvi', 'virodhi', and 'pratispardhi' also requires careful consideration of the context.
Pronunciation can be a slight challenge due to the compound nature of the word and the dental 'dh' sound. Fluently incorporating it into speech requires practice and familiarity with common phrases and contexts.
Recognizing 'pratidvandvi' in spoken Hindi is moderately difficult. Its pronunciation needs to be distinct from similar-sounding words, and its meaning is heavily dependent on the surrounding conversation.
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Pluralization of Nouns
The plural of 'pratidvandvi' is often 'pratidvandvi' itself when referring to people, but the oblique form 'pratidvandviyon' is used after postpositions. For example: 'मैं अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के साथ बात कर रहा हूँ।' (I am talking with my rivals.)
Gender Agreement (limited for this word)
While 'pratidvandvi' is grammatically masculine, it's often used for both genders. Adjectives modifying it might agree in gender if they precede it directly, but this is uncommon. For example: 'एक मजबूत प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (a strong competitor - masculine adjective, applies to male or female).
Use of Postpositions
Postpositions like 'के साथ' (with), 'से' (from/than), 'को' (to), 'के लिए' (for) are often used with the oblique plural form 'pratidvandviyon'. For example: 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों से प्रतिस्पर्धा करना मुश्किल था।' (It was difficult to compete with the rivals.)
Possessive Construction
The possessive is formed using 'का', 'की', 'के'. For example: 'यह हमारे प्रतिद्वंद्वी की रणनीति है।' (This is our competitor's strategy.)
Verb Agreement
The verb agrees with the subject in number and gender. If 'pratidvandvi' is plural, the verb will be plural. For example: 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी जीत गए।' (The competitors won.)
レベル別の例文
वह मेरा प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
He is my competitor.
हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी जीत गया।
Our competitor won.
यह एक बड़ा प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
This is a big competitor.
मैं अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी को जानता हूँ।
I know my competitor.
मेरा प्रतिद्वंद्वी तेज है।
My competitor is fast.
क्या वह तुम्हारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी है?
Is he your competitor?
हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी बहुत अच्छा है।
Our competitor is very good.
वह एक मजबूत प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
He is a strong competitor.
खेल में, प्रत्येक टीम का एक प्रतिद्वंद्वी होता है।
In a game, each team has an opponent.
ये दोनों कंपनियां बाज़ार में प्रतिद्वंद्वी हैं।
These two companies are rivals in the market.
उसने अपने सबसे बड़े प्रतिद्वंद्वी को हराया।
He defeated his biggest rival.
हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी बहुत अनुभवी है।
Our competitor is very experienced.
चुनाव में, हर उम्मीदवार का एक प्रतिद्वंद्वी होता है।
In an election, every candidate has an opponent.
वह अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी से बेहतर प्रदर्शन कर रहा है।
He is performing better than his competitor.
दोनों प्रतिद्वंद्वियों ने कड़ी मेहनत की।
Both competitors worked hard.
यह एक महत्वपूर्ण प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
This is an important competitor.
यह नया उत्पाद बाज़ार में मौजूदा प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के लिए एक बड़ी चुनौती पेश करता है।
This new product presents a big challenge to existing competitors in the market.
This sentence uses 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों' (plural oblique form) and 'चुनौती' (challenge).
राजनीतिक प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के बीच बहस अक्सर तीखी होती है।
Debates between political rivals are often sharp.
Uses 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों' (plural oblique) and 'तीखी' (sharp).
हमें अपने मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी की रणनीति को समझना होगा।
We need to understand our main competitor's strategy.
Uses 'मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (main competitor) and 'रणनीति' (strategy).
खेल के मैदान पर, हर कोई अपना सर्वश्रेष्ठ प्रदर्शन करने की कोशिश करता है, चाहे वह उसका प्रतिद्वंद्वी हो या टीम का साथी।
On the sports field, everyone tries to give their best, whether it's their competitor or teammate.
Contrasts 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' with 'टीम का साथी' (teammate).
यह कंपनी अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों से आगे निकलने के लिए नवाचार पर ध्यान केंद्रित कर रही है।
This company is focusing on innovation to get ahead of its competitors.
Uses 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों' (plural oblique) and 'नवाचार' (innovation).
एक सच्चे प्रतिद्वंद्वी का सम्मान करना महत्वपूर्ण है, भले ही आप जीतें या हारें।
It is important to respect a true rival, whether you win or lose.
Emphasizes respect for a 'सच्चे प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (true rival).
बाजार में नए प्रवेशकों को अक्सर स्थापित प्रतिद्वंद्वियों से कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा का सामना करना पड़ता है।
New entrants in the market often face tough competition from established rivals.
Uses 'नए प्रवेशकों' (new entrants) and 'स्थापित प्रतिद्वंद्वियों' (established rivals).
उनकी व्यक्तिगत प्रतिद्वंद्विता ने खेल को और भी रोमांचक बना दिया।
Their personal rivalry made the game even more exciting.
Uses 'व्यक्तिगत प्रतिद्वंद्विता' (personal rivalry).
वैश्विक अर्थव्यवस्था में, देशों को अक्सर आर्थिक विकास और संसाधनों के लिए एक-दूसरे के प्रतिद्वंद्वी के रूप में देखा जाता है।
In the global economy, countries are often seen as rivals to each other for economic growth and resources.
Uses 'वैश्विक अर्थव्यवस्था' (global economy) and 'आर्थिक विकास' (economic growth).
तकनीकी प्रगति ने पारंपरिक प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के लिए नए रास्ते खोल दिए हैं, जिससे बाजार की गतिशीलता बदल गई है।
Technological advancements have opened new avenues for traditional rivals, changing market dynamics.
Uses 'तकनीकी प्रगति' (technological advancements) and 'बाजार की गतिशीलता' (market dynamics).
एक सफल व्यवसाय के लिए अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों की कमजोरियों का फायदा उठाना महत्वपूर्ण है, लेकिन नैतिक सीमाओं के भीतर।
It is crucial for a successful business to capitalize on the weaknesses of its rivals, but within ethical boundaries.
Focuses on 'कमजोरियों का फायदा उठाना' (capitalizing on weaknesses) and 'नैतिक सीमाओं' (ethical boundaries).
अक्सर, सबसे बड़ी प्रतियोगिता अपने आप से होती है, अपने पिछले प्रदर्शन के प्रतिद्वंद्वी के रूप में।
Often, the biggest competition is with oneself, with one's past performance as the rival.
Metaphorical use of 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' referring to past self.
राजनीतिक परिदृश्य में, वाक्पटुता और करिश्मा अक्सर विरोधियों पर प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को बढ़त दिलाते हैं।
In the political landscape, eloquence and charisma often give rivals an edge over competitors.
Uses 'राजनीतिक परिदृश्य' (political landscape) and 'वाक्पटुता और करिश्मा' (eloquence and charisma).
साहित्यिक आलोचकों ने उस लेखक को एक महत्वपूर्ण प्रतिद्वंद्वी के रूप में मान्यता दी है, जिसने कई पुरस्कार जीते हैं।
Literary critics have recognized that author as a significant rival who has won many awards.
Context of literary criticism and awards.
खेलों में निष्पक्ष खेल की भावना बनाए रखना महत्वपूर्ण है, भले ही प्रतिद्वंद्वी कितने भी कड़े क्यों न हों।
It is important to maintain the spirit of fair play in sports, no matter how tough the rivals are.
Emphasizes 'निष्पक्ष खेल की भावना' (spirit of fair play).
कंपनियों के बीच बौद्धिक संपदा को लेकर प्रतिद्वंद्विता अक्सर कानूनी लड़ाइयों में बदल जाती है।
Rivalries between companies over intellectual property often turn into legal battles.
Focuses on 'बौद्धिक संपदा' (intellectual property) and 'कानूनी लड़ाइयों' (legal battles).
बाजार के विस्तार की दौड़ में, प्रत्येक बहुराष्ट्रीय निगम अपने वैश्विक प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को पछाड़ने के लिए रणनीतिक गठबंधन बना रहा है।
In the race for market expansion, each multinational corporation is forming strategic alliances to outmaneuver its global rivals.
Sophisticated vocabulary: 'बहुराष्ट्रीय निगम' (multinational corporation), 'रणनीतिक गठबंधन' (strategic alliances), 'पछाड़ने' (to outmaneuver).
कलात्मक क्षेत्र में, नवोदित कलाकार अक्सर स्थापित दिग्गजों के साथ प्रतिद्वंद्विता महसूस करते हैं, जो उनकी रचनात्मकता को प्रेरित या बाधित कर सकती है।
In the artistic sphere, emerging artists often feel a rivalry with established giants, which can either fuel or stifle their creativity.
Abstract concepts: 'कलात्मक क्षेत्र' (artistic sphere), 'नवोदित कलाकार' (emerging artists), 'स्थापित दिग्गज' (established giants), 'प्रेरित या बाधित' (fuel or stifle).
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कूटनीति में, राष्ट्र अपनी संप्रभुता की रक्षा के लिए अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के खिलाफ सूक्ष्म लेकिन निरंतर संघर्ष में लगे रहते हैं।
In international diplomacy, nations engage in subtle yet constant struggles against their rivals to protect their sovereignty.
Formal and complex: 'अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कूटनीति' (international diplomacy), 'संप्रभुता' (sovereignty), 'सूक्ष्म लेकिन निरंतर संघर्ष' (subtle yet constant struggles).
इतिहास के पन्नों में, महान साम्राज्यों के उदय और पतन अक्सर उनके शक्तिशाली प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के साथ उनके टकराव के इर्द-गिर्द घूमते हैं।
In the annals of history, the rise and fall of great empires often revolve around their clashes with their powerful rivals.
Figurative language: 'इतिहास के पन्नों में' (in the annals of history), 'उदय और पतन' (rise and fall), 'टकराव' (clashes).
जब दो समान रूप से प्रतिभाशाली खिलाड़ी एक ही पुरस्कार के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं, तो उनकी प्रतिद्वंद्विता दर्शकों के लिए खेल को और अधिक मनोरंजक बना देती है।
When two equally talented players compete for the same prize, their rivalry makes the game more engaging for the audience.
Focuses on the effect of rivalry on the audience: 'मनोरंजक' (engaging/entertaining).
एक कंपनी की दीर्घकालिक सफलता अक्सर उसके प्रतिद्वंद्वियों की तुलना में अनुकूलनशीलता और दूरदर्शिता पर निर्भर करती है।
A company's long-term success often depends on its adaptability and foresight compared to its rivals.
Abstract qualities: 'दीर्घकालिक सफलता' (long-term success), 'अनुकूलनशीलता' (adaptability), 'दूरदर्शिता' (foresight).
वैज्ञानिक समुदाय में, नई खोजों को लेकर प्रतिद्वंद्विता अक्सर ज्ञान की उन्नति को तेज करती है।
In the scientific community, rivalry over new discoveries often accelerates the advancement of knowledge.
Context of scientific advancement: 'वैज्ञानिक समुदाय' (scientific community), 'ज्ञान की उन्नति' (advancement of knowledge).
यहां तक कि व्यक्तिगत संबंधों में भी, एक स्वस्थ प्रतिद्वंद्विता विकास और आत्म-सुधार को बढ़ावा दे सकती है।
Even in personal relationships, a healthy rivalry can foster growth and self-improvement.
Application to personal growth: 'स्वस्थ प्रतिद्वंद्विता' (healthy rivalry), 'आत्म-सुधार' (self-improvement).
साम्राज्यों के बीच वर्चस्व के लिए चली आ रही प्रतिद्वंद्विता ने सदियों से वैश्विक इतिहास के पाठ्यक्रम को आकार दिया है।
The perennial rivalry for dominance between empires has shaped the course of global history for centuries.
Grand scale and historical context: 'वर्चस्व' (dominance), 'चली आ रही प्रतिद्वंद्विता' (perennial rivalry), 'वैश्विक इतिहास के पाठ्यक्रम' (course of global history).
कलात्मक रूप से, एक युग के महान रचनाकारों के बीच की प्रतिद्वंद्विता अक्सर कला के ऐसे कार्यों को जन्म देती है जो पीढ़ियों तक गूंजते हैं।
Artistically, the rivalry among the great creators of an era often gives birth to works of art that resonate for generations.
Focus on artistic legacy: 'महान रचनाकारों' (great creators), 'कला के ऐसे कार्यों को जन्म देती है' (gives birth to works of art), 'पीढ़ियों तक गूंजते हैं' (resonate for generations).
यह सूक्ष्म प्रतिद्वंद्विता, जो अक्सर अघोषित होती है, दोनों निगमों की दीर्घकालिक रणनीतियों और बाजार की धारणाओं को प्रभावित करती है।
This subtle rivalry, often undeclared, influences the long-term strategies and market perceptions of both corporations.
Abstract and nuanced: 'सूक्ष्म प्रतिद्वंद्विता' (subtle rivalry), 'अघोषित' (undeclared), 'बाजार की धारणाओं' (market perceptions).
विद्वानों के बीच बौद्धिक बहसों में प्रतिद्वंद्विता अक्सर व्यक्तिगत ईर्ष्या से प्रेरित होती है, जो सत्य की खोज को धूमिल कर देती है।
Rivalry in intellectual debates among scholars is often fueled by personal envy, which can cloud the pursuit of truth.
Psychological and philosophical: 'बौद्धिक बहसों' (intellectual debates), 'व्यक्तिगत ईर्ष्या' (personal envy), 'सत्य की खोज को धूमिल कर देती है' (clouds the pursuit of truth).
राजनीतिक विचारधाराओं के बीच की प्रतिद्वंद्विता ने न केवल राष्ट्रीय नीतियों को बल्कि अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों के ताने-बाने को भी प्रभावित किया है।
The rivalry between political ideologies has influenced not only national policies but also the very fabric of international relations.
Sociopolitical and abstract: 'राजनीतिक विचारधाराओं' (political ideologies), 'अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों के ताने-बाने' (fabric of international relations).
मानव इतिहास में, विभिन्न राष्ट्रों के बीच संसाधनों और प्रभाव के लिए प्रतिद्वंद्विता संघर्ष और सहयोग दोनों का एक निरंतर सूत्रधार रही है।
In human history, the rivalry for resources and influence between different nations has been a constant driver of both conflict and cooperation.
Broad historical perspective: 'संसाधनों और प्रभाव' (resources and influence), 'निरंतर सूत्रधार' (constant driver).
खेलों में, एक प्रतिष्ठित प्रतिद्वंद्विता का निर्माण खिलाड़ियों के लिए प्रेरणा का एक शक्तिशाली स्रोत हो सकता है, जो उन्हें अभूतपूर्व ऊंचाइयों तक पहुंचने के लिए प्रेरित करता है।
In sports, the creation of a prestigious rivalry can be a powerful source of motivation for athletes, pushing them to reach unprecedented heights.
Focus on motivation and achievement: 'प्रतिष्ठित प्रतिद्वंद्विता' (prestigious rivalry), 'अभूतपूर्व ऊंचाइयों' (unprecedented heights).
यह सूक्ष्म प्रतिद्वंद्विता, जो अक्सर सार्वजनिक रूप से अदृश्य होती है, दोनों तकनीकी दिग्गजों की भविष्य की नवाचारों की दिशा को गहराई से प्रभावित करती है।
This subtle rivalry, often invisible to the public, profoundly influences the direction of future innovations for both tech giants.
Emphasis on subtlety and influence: 'सार्वजनिक रूप से अदृश्य' (invisible to the public), 'भविष्य की नवाचारों की दिशा' (direction of future innovations).
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— The opposing team in a sport.
हमें अपनी प्रतिद्वंद्वी टीम के लिए तैयार रहना होगा।
— A rival nation, often in a political or economic context.
दोनों प्रतिद्वंद्वी देशों के बीच तनाव बढ़ गया है।
— A competing company in the business world.
यह नई तकनीक हमारी प्रतिद्वंद्वी कंपनी के लिए खतरा है।
— An opposing player in a game or sport.
उसने अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी खिलाड़ी को आसानी से हरा दिया।
— An opposing candidate in an election.
मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी उम्मीदवार ने मतदाताओं से समर्थन मांगा।
— Intense competition or rivalry.
दोनों कंपनियों के बीच कड़ी प्रतिद्वंद्विता चल रही है।
— A rivalry between individuals.
उनकी व्यक्तिगत प्रतिद्वंद्विता ने मैच को और दिलचस्प बना दिया।
— To outdo or surpass a competitor.
हमारा लक्ष्य अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को पछाड़ना है।
— To compete with a rival.
हमें अपने सबसे बड़े प्रतिद्वंद्वी से मुकाबला करना है।
よく混同される語
'Virodhi' is a more general term for opponent or enemy, implying opposition or conflict, not necessarily a structured competition. 'Pratidvandvi' specifically refers to a competitor in a contest or rivalry.
'Pratispardhi' is very similar and often interchangeable with 'pratidvandvi', especially in business. However, 'pratidvandvi' can sometimes imply a more direct or intense rivalry than 'pratispardhi'.
'Shatru' means enemy and implies deep animosity and hostility, far stronger and more negative than 'pratidvandvi', which focuses on competition.
慣用句と表現
— A competitor who is extremely powerful, formidable, and intimidating, like a lion's roar.
फाइनल में उसका प्रतिद्वंद्वी शेर की दहाड़ जैसा था, जिसे हराना मुश्किल था।
Figurative/Exaggerated— To defeat a strong or dangerous rival, often implying a difficult and challenging victory.
उसने आखिरकार अपने सबसे खतरनाक प्रतिद्वंद्वी को कांटों का ताज पहनाया।
Figurative/Intense— A contest between two extremely skilled and powerful rivals, often implying a highly anticipated and significant competition.
यह मैच दो धुरंधरों की लड़ाई थी, जिसने सभी को अपनी सीटों से बांधे रखा।
Figurative/Intense— To defeat a competitor easily, without much effort.
उसने अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी को आसानी से मात दे दी, जैसे वह कोई बच्चा हो।
Figurative/Casual— To decisively defeat a rival, making them look insignificant or defeated.
हमारी टीम ने प्रतिद्वंद्वी को धूल चटा दी और ट्रॉफी जीत ली।
Figurative/Strong— A competitor who is of equal skill, strength, or status.
यह मैच इसलिए रोमांचक था क्योंकि दोनों प्रतिद्वंद्वी समान स्तर के थे।
Descriptive— To adopt a strategy or tactic similar to that of a competitor, often in response.
हमारे प्रतिद्वंद्वी ने जो रणनीति अपनाई थी, वही चाल हमें भी चलनी पड़ी।
Strategic— To provide strong competition to a rival, making them work hard for victory.
नई कंपनी पुराने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को कड़ी टक्कर दे रही है।
Common/Descriptive— To counter or thwart a rival's plan or move effectively.
उसने चतुराई से अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी के दांव को काटा और जीत हासिल की।
Figurative/Strategic— To constantly challenge or pressure a rival, causing them stress and difficulty.
लगातार नए उत्पादों को लॉन्च करके, वह कंपनी अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों की नींद हराम कर रही है।
Figurative/Intense間違えやすい
Both 'pratidvandvi' and 'virodhi' can mean opponent.
'Pratidvandvi' implies a structured competition or rivalry for a specific goal or prize, like in sports or business. 'Virodhi' is broader and can mean someone who opposes you or your ideas, or even an enemy, without necessarily being in a direct contest.
In a chess match, the other player is a 'pratidvandvi'. In a political debate, someone who strongly disagrees with your views could be a 'virodhi'.
Both words mean competitor.
'Pratispardhi' is commonly used in business and economics to denote entities in the same market vying for customers or resources. 'Pratidvandvi' can also be used in business but often carries a stronger sense of direct, head-to-head rivalry or a more personal contest. Think of 'pratispardhi' as being in the same race, and 'pratidvandvi' as being the one right next to you, pushing hard.
Many companies are 'pratispardhi' in the online retail sector. However, the two dominant companies might be considered fierce 'pratidvandvi'.
Both imply opposition.
'Shatru' means enemy and implies deep hatred, animosity, and often a desire for harm. 'Pratidvandvi' refers to someone you compete against; the relationship is competitive rather than hostile. You can respect a 'pratidvandvi', but you typically don't respect a 'shatru'.
Two boxers competing in a championship are 'pratidvandvi'. Two nations at war are 'shatru'.
Both can refer to people involved in an activity.
'Saathi' means companion, partner, or colleague – someone you work with or share an activity with in a collaborative or supportive way. 'Pratidvandvi' is the opposite; it's someone you are competing against.
Your 'saathi' in a team project helps you. Your 'pratidvandvi' in a race tries to beat you.
Both can refer to entities in a similar field.
'Sahayogi' means collaborator, ally, or partner – someone who works with you towards a common goal. A 'pratidvandvi' works against you or strives for the same goal but independently, aiming to win over the other.
A 'sahayogi' might help you develop a product. A 'pratidvandvi' might develop a similar product to compete with yours.
文型パターン
Subject + प्रतिद्वंद्वी + है।
वह प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
हमारा + प्रतिद्वंद्वी + (विशेषण) + है।
हमारा प्रतिद्वंद्वी मजबूत है।
Subject + ने + प्रतिद्वंद्वी + को + Verb (Past Tense)।
मैंने प्रतिद्वंद्वी को हराया।
प्रतिद्वंद्वी + के + साथ + (विशेषण) + मुकाबला।
प्रतिद्वंद्वी के साथ मुकाबला कड़ा था।
Subject + अपने + प्रतिद्वंद्वियों + की + (Noun) + का + विश्लेषण + कर रहा है।
वह अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों की रणनीतियों का विश्लेषण कर रहा है।
यह + (Noun) + के + लिए + एक + (विशेषण) + प्रतिद्वंद्वी + है।
यह कंपनी के लिए एक बड़ा प्रतिद्वंद्वी है।
प्रतिद्वंद्वियों + के + बीच + (Noun) + को + लेकर + (Verb)।
प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के बीच बाज़ार हिस्सेदारी को लेकर संघर्ष है।
Subject + अपने + प्रतिद्वंद्वियों + से + आगे + निकलने + के + लिए + (Noun) + पर + ध्यान + केंद्रित + कर रहा है।
कंपनी अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों से आगे निकलने के लिए नवाचार पर ध्यान केंद्रित कर रही है।
語族
名詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High
-
Using 'pratidvandvi' for general opposition.
→
Using 'virodhi' for general opposition.
Learners might use 'pratidvandvi' when someone simply disagrees with them. However, 'pratidvandvi' implies a contest or struggle for superiority. For mere opposition, 'virodhi' is more appropriate. Example: He is my 'virodhi' in this argument, not my 'pratidvandvi'.
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Incorrect pluralization in oblique cases.
→
Using 'pratidvandviyon' in oblique cases.
Forgetting to change 'pratidvandvi' to 'pratidvandviyon' when it follows postpositions like 'के साथ' or 'से' can lead to grammatical errors. Example: 'मैंने कई प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को देखा।' (Correct) instead of 'मैंने कई प्रतिद्वंद्वी को देखा।' (Incorrect).
-
Confusing 'pratidvandvi' with 'shatru'.
→
Using 'pratidvandvi' for competitors and 'shatru' for enemies.
'Pratidvandvi' implies a competitive relationship, often with respect. 'Shatru' implies deep hatred and animosity. Using 'pratidvandvi' for a true enemy is inaccurate, and vice-versa.
-
Overusing 'pratidvandvi' for mild competition.
→
Using context-appropriate words for mild competition.
'Pratidvandvi' suggests a significant contest. For very mild competition, other phrases might be better. Example: Instead of calling a person who also likes the same ice cream flavor your 'pratidvandvi', it's an overstatement.
-
Mispronouncing the 'dh' sound.
→
Pronouncing the 'dh' as a dental sound (tongue on back of teeth).
Many learners might pronounce the 'dh' as a simple 'd' or 'th'. The correct dental 'dh' sound is crucial for clear pronunciation. Example: Correct 'pratidvandvi' pronunciation requires the distinct 'dh' sound.
ヒント
Mastering the 'dh' sound
The 'dh' in 'pratidvandvi' is a dental sound, made by touching the tip of your tongue to the back of your upper front teeth. Practice it slowly: 'dha', 'dhi', 'dhu'. This will significantly improve your pronunciation.
Pluralization Nuances
Remember that while 'pratidvandvi' can be singular or plural for people, the oblique form 'pratidvandviyon' is essential when using postpositions. This is a common area where learners make mistakes.
Etymological Clues
Break down the word: 'prati' (against) + 'dvandva' (struggle/duel). This etymology directly points to the meaning of competing against someone. Visualize a duel to remember its core sense.
Active Listening
When you hear Hindi news or sports commentary, actively listen for 'pratidvandvi'. Notice who is being called a 'pratidvandvi' and in what situation. This real-world exposure is invaluable.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'pratidvandvi'. Start with simple structures and gradually move to more complex ones. Try to use it in different contexts (sports, business, personal).
Distinguish from Similar Words
Make a chart comparing 'pratidvandvi', 'virodhi', 'pratispardhi', and 'shatru'. Note their specific meanings and contexts to avoid confusion.
Cultural Significance
Understand that rivalry and competition are significant themes in Indian culture. 'Pratidvandvi' is a word that reflects this cultural aspect, often used with a mix of respect for skill and the drive to win.
Think of Your Own Rivals
Think about your own 'pratidvandvi' in life – whether it's a colleague, a sports opponent, or even your past self. This personal connection can make the word more memorable.
Regular Review
Periodically revisit the definition, examples, and common phrases related to 'pratidvandvi'. Consistent review helps solidify the word in your long-term memory.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine two people locked in a 'dvandva' (struggle). One is saying 'Prati! Prati!' (meaning 'Against! Against!') to the other. The person they are struggling against is their 'pratidvandvi'. The word sounds like 'prati-vand-vee'. Think of 'vand' as in 'vandalizing' the opponent's chances, and 'vee' as in 'victory' you are striving for against them.
視覚的連想
Picture two knights in armor facing each other in a jousting tournament. One knight is clearly trying to unseat the other. The knight on the left is labeled 'Prati', and the knight on the right is labeled 'Vandvi'. They are each other's 'pratidvandvi'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'pratidvandvi' in three different sentences today, describing a sports match, a business scenario, and a personal challenge.
語源
The word 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' is derived from Sanskrit. It is a compound word formed by combining 'प्रति' (prati) and 'द्वंद्व' (dvandva). 'प्रति' (prati) means 'against', 'towards', or 'in return'. 'द्वंद्व' (dvandva) means 'a pair', 'a duel', 'a conflict', or 'a struggle'. Thus, 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' literally means 'one who is against in a struggle' or 'one who is in a duel against another'.
元の意味： One who is in a struggle or duel against another.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit root)文化的な背景
While 'pratidvandvi' implies competition, it doesn't necessarily carry the same negative connotations as 'enemy' ('shatru'). It's generally used in contexts where rivalry is expected or even admired, such as in sports or business. However, in heated political discourse, it can be used with a more aggressive tone.
In English, we have 'competitor', 'rival', 'opponent', and 'adversary'. 'Pratidvandvi' often encompasses the nuances of all these, depending on the context. It's particularly strong in implying a direct contest for superiority.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Sports commentary and news reports.
- हमारे प्रतिद्वंद्वी बहुत मजबूत हैं।
- प्रतिद्वंद्वी टीम ने अच्छा खेला।
- यह एक कड़ा मुकाबला है, दोनों प्रतिद्वंद्वी बराबर के हैं।
Business and economic discussions.
- हमें अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों की रणनीति का विश्लेषण करना चाहिए।
- यह कंपनी अपने मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी को कड़ी टक्कर दे रही है।
- बाजार में नए प्रतिद्वंद्वियों का प्रवेश।
Political debates and election coverage.
- राजनीतिक प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के बीच तीखी बहस हुई।
- मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी उम्मीदवार ने वादे किए।
- राष्ट्रों के बीच प्रतिद्वंद्विता।
Discussions about personal challenges or goals.
- खुद का सबसे बड़ा प्रतिद्वंद्वी खुद ही होता है।
- उसने अपने पिछले प्रदर्शन के प्रतिद्वंद्वी को हराया।
- यह एक व्यक्तिगत प्रतिद्वंद्विता बन गई है।
General conversations about competition.
- वह हमेशा मेरा प्रतिद्वंद्वी रहा है।
- जीवन एक प्रतियोगिता है, और हम सब प्रतिद्वंद्वी हैं।
- इस दौड़ में कई प्रतिद्वंद्वी हैं।
会話のきっかけ
"What's the biggest rivalry you've ever witnessed, either in sports or business?"
"When you compete, do you see yourself as a 'pratidvandvi' or more of a collaborator?"
"Can you think of a time when a strong 'pratidvandvi' actually helped you improve?"
"How does the concept of 'pratidvandvi' play out in your country's politics or economy?"
"If you were to describe your biggest 'pratidvandvi' in life, what would they be like?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a personal experience where you faced a strong 'pratidvandvi'. How did you feel, and what did you learn from the encounter?
Reflect on a time when you were the 'pratidvandvi' for someone else. What was your strategy, and what was the outcome?
Consider the phrase 'the greatest rival is oneself'. How can you apply this idea of being your own 'pratidvandvi' to achieve personal growth?
Imagine two companies are fierce 'pratidvandvi'. What are some ethical ways they could compete and innovate?
Write a short story about two childhood friends who grow up to be major 'pratidvandvi' in their respective fields.
よくある質問
10 問The most common translations for 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (pratidvandvi) are 'competitor' and 'rival'. It can also mean 'opponent' or 'adversary' depending on the context. It specifically refers to someone or something engaged in a contest or struggle against another.
Yes, 'pratidvandvi' can be used for both people and things (like companies or teams) that are competing. For example, 'यह दो प्रतिद्वंद्वी कंपनियों के बीच की लड़ाई है।' (This is a battle between two rival companies.)
For people, 'pratidvandvi' can sometimes be used as a plural. However, in oblique cases (when followed by postpositions like 'के साथ', 'से', 'को'), the plural form is 'प्रतिद्वंद्वियों' (pratidvandviyon). For example: 'मैंने कई प्रतिद्वंद्वियों को देखा।' (I saw many competitors.) vs. 'मैंने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों के साथ बात की।' (I talked with the competitors.)
'Pratidvandvi' implies a direct competition or rivalry for a prize or goal, often in sports, business, or politics. 'Virodhi' is a broader term meaning opponent or enemy, indicating opposition or disagreement, not necessarily a structured contest.
While 'pratidvandvi' generally implies a serious contest, it can be used playfully or humorously between friends who are engaged in a friendly competition. The tone and context would indicate if it's meant lightly.
The word 'pratidvandvi' comes from Sanskrit. It's formed from 'prati' (meaning 'against') and 'dvandva' (meaning 'struggle', 'duel', or 'conflict'). So, it literally means 'one who struggles against another'.
The pronunciation is roughly 'prut-tin-dh-vee'. The stress is on the second syllable: pratid-VAN-dvi. Pay attention to the slightly rolled 'r', the soft 'v', and the dental 'dh' sound.
'Pratidvandvi' is a standard Hindi word and can be used in both formal and neutral contexts. It might be used informally in a playful way among friends but isn't considered slang.
Common phrases include 'मुख्य प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (main competitor), 'कड़ा प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (tough competitor), 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी टीम' (rival team), 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी कंपनी' (rival company), and 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी को हराना' (to defeat a competitor).
'Pratidvandvi' often implies a more direct or intense rivalry, a head-to-head contest. 'Pratispardhi' is very common in business and economics for any entity in the same market. If the competition is very fierce and direct, 'pratidvandvi' might be more fitting.
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Summary
<strong>प्रतिद्वंद्वी</strong> (pratidvandvi) means a competitor or rival, someone actively striving against another for a goal, often seen in sports, business, and politics. It implies a direct contest for superiority.
- A rival or competitor.
- Someone you compete against.
- Used in sports, business, and politics.
- Implies a struggle for victory.
Mastering the 'dh' sound
The 'dh' in 'pratidvandvi' is a dental sound, made by touching the tip of your tongue to the back of your upper front teeth. Practice it slowly: 'dha', 'dhi', 'dhu'. This will significantly improve your pronunciation.
Pluralization Nuances
Remember that while 'pratidvandvi' can be singular or plural for people, the oblique form 'pratidvandviyon' is essential when using postpositions. This is a common area where learners make mistakes.
Context is Key
The meaning of 'pratidvandvi' can shift slightly based on context. Is it a sports match, a business market, or a political race? Understanding the context will help you interpret and use the word accurately.
Etymological Clues
Break down the word: 'prati' (against) + 'dvandva' (struggle/duel). This etymology directly points to the meaning of competing against someone. Visualize a duel to remember its core sense.
例文
दोनों कंपनियाँ बाजार में एक-दूसरे की प्रतिद्वंद्वी हैं।
関連コンテンツ
businessの関連語
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B2仮想。物理的には存在しないが、コンピュータソフトウェアによってそのように見えるもの。
आईटी
B2IT（情報技術）。データを保存、取得、処理するためのコンピュータの使用。
आक्रामक रूप से
B2攻撃的に。彼は攻撃的な態度で交渉に臨んだ。
आखिरकार
B2ついに、長い待ち時間や努力の末に。
आपूर्ति-आधारित
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B1需要を満たすために、不可欠な商品、サービス、またはリソースを供給または提供すること。
आपूर्ती करना
B1供給する
आपूर्ति और मांग
B2The amount of a commodity, product, or service available and the desire of buyers.
आपूर्ति संबंधी
B2供給に関する。例えば、「供給関連の遅延」は「आपूर्ति संबंधी देरी」と言います。
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B2サプライチェーンマネジメントは、現代のビジネスにおいて非常に重要です。
