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शास्त्र

A1 noun #6,500 よく出る 9分で読める

शास्त्र

shaastra 上位6,500

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解説 शास्त्र in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize शास्त्र (Shastra) as a formal word for a 'special book' or 'science.' You don't need to know the complex history, just that it refers to something important and written. In very simple Hindi, you might see it in sentences like 'This is a Shastra.' It is a masculine noun. At this stage, just focus on the sound 'Shaa-stra' and associate it with learning and ancient books. You might hear it when people talk about 'Vastu Shastra' (the Indian system of architecture) which is popular even in basic conversations. Think of it as a 'big, wise book.' Avoid using it for your school notebook or a storybook; use it for something that feels more traditional or serious. For an A1 learner, seeing this word usually means the topic is about Indian culture, religion, or a school subject. It's a great 'power word' to add to your vocabulary to show you are interested in deeper Hindi culture. Just remember: it's not a weapon (shastra), it's a book (shaastra)!

At the A2 level, you can start using शास्त्र (Shastra) in simple compound words. You should know that it often acts as a suffix for subjects. For example, 'Samaj' means society, so 'Samaj-shastra' is Sociology. 'Artha' means wealth/meaning, so 'Artha-shastra' is Economics. This makes it easier to remember many academic terms. You should also be able to use it in the plural form 'शास्त्रों' (Shastron) when using postpositions like 'में' (in) or 'से' (from). For example, 'शास्त्रों में लिखा है' (It is written in the Shastras). You are moving beyond just 'book' and starting to understand it as 'a field of study.' You might use it to describe your major in college or a traditional practice you follow. It's important to distinguish between 'Shastra' and 'Pustak' (book) now. Use 'Pustak' for the physical object you hold, and 'Shastra' for the knowledge system it represents. This shows you are starting to grasp the nuances of Hindi vocabulary and the cultural weight that certain words carry.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using शास्त्र (Shastra) in discussions about culture, ethics, and education. You can explain what a Shastra is using other Hindi words: 'यह एक ऐसा ग्रंथ है जिसमें नियम होते हैं' (It is a book that contains rules). You should also learn the adjective 'शास्त्रीय' (Shastriya), which means 'classical' or 'scriptural.' This is essential for talking about 'Shastriya Sangeet' (Classical Music) or 'Shastriya Nritya' (Classical Dance). You can start participating in basic debates about whether something is 'Shastra-sammant' (according to the Shastras) or not. Your sentences should become more complex, such as 'प्राचीन काल में शास्त्र मौखिक रूप से सिखाए जाते थे' (In ancient times, Shastras were taught orally). You are now understanding that 'Shastra' implies a systematic methodology. Whether it's the science of weapons (Shastra-vidya) or the science of stars (Khagol-shastra), the word provides a framework for professional and spiritual expertise. You should also be aware of the historical significance of texts like the 'Arthashastra' or 'Natyashastra' as foundational pillars of Indian thought.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the philosophical implications of शास्त्र (Shastra). It's not just a book; it's an authority. You can use it in formal essays or speeches. You should be able to distinguish between different types of Shastras, such as 'Dharmashastra' (legal/ethical codes) and 'Mokshashastra' (texts on liberation). You can use terms like 'शास्त्रार्थ' (Shastrarth) to describe intellectual debates. Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'शास्त्रज्ञ' (a scholar of Shastras) or 'शास्त्र-विरुद्ध' (contrary to the scriptures). You can discuss the evolution of 'Shastra' from ancient oral traditions to modern academic disciplines. For instance, you might analyze how 'Rajnitishastra' (Political Science) has changed from the time of Chanakya to the present day. You should also be able to handle the passive voice and formal structures: 'शास्त्रों द्वारा यह प्रमाणित किया गया है' (This has been proven by the Shastras). At this level, you are expected to respect the formal register of the word and use it to add weight and credibility to your arguments in Hindi.

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At the C1 level, you possess a deep, nuanced understanding of शास्त्र (Shastra) and its role in the Indian 'Vangmaya' (literature). You can discuss the hermeneutics (interpretation) of Shastras and how different 'Bhashyas' (commentaries) have shaped their meaning over centuries. You can use the word in highly abstract contexts, such as 'Sauandarya-shastra' (Aesthetics) or 'Praman-shastra' (Epistemology). You understand the subtle difference between 'Shastra' and 'Darshan' (Philosophy), where Shastra is often more prescriptive and systematic. You can read and analyze classical texts in their original or semi-original Hindi translations. You are capable of using 'Shastra' in a metaphorical sense as well, referring to any rigid set of rules or a 'bible' for a modern industry. Your language should reflect an appreciation for the 'Shastric tradition'—the rigorous process of debate, logic, and codification that defined Indian intellectual life. You can engage in high-level academic or spiritual discourse, using the word to navigate the complexities of 'Sanskriti' (culture) and 'Sabhyata' (civilization).

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At the C2 level, you have mastered शास्त्र (Shastra) to a near-native degree, including its use in the most formal, academic, and poetic registers. You can deconstruct the concept of 'Shastra' itself, perhaps discussing the 'Shastricity' of a modern text or the decolonization of 'Shastric' knowledge. You are familiar with the 'Shastra-parampara' (tradition of scriptures) and can cite specific verses or concepts from major Shastras to support complex philosophical arguments. You use the word with absolute precision, knowing exactly when to use 'Shastra' versus 'Vidhan,' 'Niyam,' or 'Siddhant.' You can write scholarly articles or deliver keynote addresses in Hindi that utilize the word to its full potential. You understand the socio-political implications of who was historically allowed to study the Shastras and how that impacts modern interpretations. Your mastery extends to the most obscure compound words and archaic uses. For you, 'Shastra' is not just a word, but a portal into the entire cognitive architecture of the Indian mind, and you can navigate this architecture with eloquence, critical insight, and profound cultural fluency.

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शास्त्र 30秒で

Shastra means a systematic treatise or sacred scripture providing rules and guidelines for a specific field of knowledge.
It is a masculine noun in Hindi and often serves as a suffix for academic subjects (e.g., Arthashastra).
The word implies authority, logic, and deep-rooted tradition in Indian intellectual history.
Commonly confused with 'Shastra' (weapon), it is vital to pronounce the long 'aa' sound correctly.

The Hindi word शास्त्र (Shastra) is a profound term rooted in Sanskrit that transcends the simple English translation of 'book' or 'scripture.' At its core, it refers to a systematic body of knowledge, a treatise, or a sacred text that provides rules, instructions, or guidelines for a specific discipline. In the Indian context, it represents the authoritative word on subjects ranging from spirituality and ethics to architecture and politics. When people use this word, they are often referring to ancient wisdom that has been codified and organized into a logical framework. It is used in academic discussions to denote a science or a field of study, such as 'Arthashastra' for economics or 'Vastushastra' for architecture. In daily life, it might be invoked when discussing traditional values or religious mandates.

Etymological Root: Derived from the Sanskrit root 'shas' which means to instruct, govern, or discipline, combined with the suffix 'tra' which denotes an instrument or tool.

प्राचीन भारत में हर विषय के लिए एक अलग शास्त्र उपलब्ध था। (In ancient India, a separate Shastra was available for every subject.)

Modern Usage: While often associated with antiquity, the word is still used in modern academic Hindi to name departments like 'Samajshastra' (Sociology) or 'Manovigyan-shastra' (Psychology).

वह शास्त्र के अनुसार आचरण करता है। (He behaves according to the scriptures.)

योग शास्त्र शरीर और मन के संतुलन की शिक्षा देता है। (The Shastra of Yoga teaches the balance of body and mind.)

Domain Application: In legal contexts, 'Dharmashastra' refers to the code of law; in aesthetics, 'Natyashastra' refers to the science of performance.

आजकल लोग वास्तु शास्त्र पर बहुत भरोसा करते हैं। (Nowadays, people rely heavily on the Shastra of architecture/Vastushastra.)

तर्क शास्त्र हमें सही सोचने का तरीका सिखाता है। (The science of logic teaches us the right way to think.)

Understanding 'Shastra' is key to unlocking the intellectual history of India. It implies a sense of discipline and systematic rigor. If something is 'Shastriya' (the adjective form), it means it is classical or based on these formal rules. For example, 'Shastriya Sangeet' is Indian Classical Music. This word is not just for religious monks; it is for anyone who values structured, authoritative knowledge. Whether you are studying the 'Shastra' of grammar or the 'Shastra' of stars (astronomy), you are engaging in a tradition that seeks to map out the laws of the universe in a comprehensive and accessible manner.

Using the word शास्त्र correctly requires understanding its noun status and its role as a suffix in compound words. In its primary form, it acts as a masculine noun. You can use it to refer to a physical book or the abstract concept of a science. For instance, 'यह एक प्राचीन शास्त्र है' (This is an ancient Shastra). When used as a suffix, it transforms a general subject into a formal field of study.

Grammatical Role: As a masculine noun, it takes the plural form 'शास्त्र' (unchanged in direct case) or 'शास्त्रों' (in oblique case). Example: 'शास्त्रों में लिखा है' (It is written in the scriptures).

क्या आपने कभी नीति शास्त्र पढ़ा है? (Have you ever read the treatise on ethics?)

Sentence Patterns: Standard pattern: [Subject] + [Shastra] + [Verb]. Example: 'ऋषि ने शास्त्र लिखा' (The sage wrote the Shastra).

हमारे शास्त्र हमें सत्य का मार्ग दिखाते हैं। (Our scriptures show us the path of truth.)

यह शास्त्र बहुत कठिन है। (This treatise is very difficult.)

Inquiry Usage: Used when asking for authoritative proof: 'किस शास्त्र में ऐसा लिखा है?' (In which scripture is it written so?)

आयुर्वेद भी एक शास्त्र है। (Ayurveda is also a Shastra/science.)

वह धर्म शास्त्र का विद्वान है। (He is a scholar of the religious scriptures.)

When constructing sentences, remember that 'Shastra' carries a weight of respect. It isn't just a book you read for fun; it's a book you study for enlightenment or professional mastery. You can pair it with verbs like 'पढ़ना' (to read), 'रचना' (to compose), 'समझना' (to understand), or 'सिखाना' (to teach). For instance, 'मैं समाजशास्त्र पढ़ रहा हूँ' (I am studying sociology). Notice how the word flows naturally as a part of the academic subject. In more formal or poetic Hindi, you might encounter 'शास्त्र-ज्ञान' (knowledge of scriptures) or 'शास्त्र-चर्चा' (discussion about scriptures). Mastering this word allows you to discuss complex topics with a native-like precision.

The word शास्त्र is ubiquitous in specific environments, ranging from traditional temples to modern university campuses. In a religious or spiritual setting, you will hear it constantly during 'Pravachans' (sermons) or 'Kathas' (storytelling sessions). Priests and scholars will cite 'Shastras' to validate their teachings. In academic circles, especially in India, subjects like 'Rajnitishastra' (Political Science) or 'Arthashastra' (Economics) are standard terms found on every student's syllabus.

Academic Contexts: In colleges, you will hear: 'आज समाजशास्त्र की कक्षा है' (Today is the sociology class).

पंडित जी शास्त्र का पाठ कर रहे हैं। (The priest is reciting the Shastra.)

Cultural Debates: In debates, people often say 'शास्त्रार्थ' (Shastrarth), which means a formal debate over the meaning of scriptures.

उन दोनों के बीच शास्त्रार्थ हुआ। (A scriptural debate took place between them.)

भारतीय संस्कृति में शास्त्र का बहुत महत्व है। (Shastra has great importance in Indian culture.)

Legal and Ethical Discussions: When discussing traditional laws, 'Manusmriti' is often called a 'Dharmashastra'.

क्या यह बात किसी शास्त्र में लिखी है? (Is this written in any Shastra?)

संगीत शास्त्र के नियम बहुत कड़े हैं। (The rules of the science of music are very strict.)

You might also hear it in the context of 'Vastu Shastra' when someone is building a house. They might say, 'हमारा घर शास्त्र के अनुसार बना है' (Our house is built according to the Shastra). In literature festivals, scholars discuss 'Sahitya Shastra' (the science of literature/poetics). Even in political speeches, leaders might refer to the 'Shastras' to evoke a sense of heritage and continuity. Essentially, whenever a speaker wants to ground their argument in a long-standing, systematic tradition of knowledge, 'Shastra' is the word they reach for. It bridges the gap between the sacred and the secular, providing a vocabulary for excellence in any field.

For learners of Hindi, the word शास्त्र (Shastra) can be tricky due to its similarity to other words and its specific cultural weight. One of the most common mistakes is confusing it with 'Shastra' (शस्त्र), which means 'weapon.' The difference is just one small vowel sound, but the meaning changes from a 'holy book' to a 'sword' or 'gun.' Another mistake is using it too casually for any book, like a novel or a comic.

The Weapon Confusion: Mistaking 'Shastra' (Scripture) with 'Shastra' (Weapon). Remember: ShAAstra (long 'a') is knowledge; Shastra (short 'a') is a weapon.

गलत: सैनिक के पास शास्त्र है। (Wrong: The soldier has a scripture - unless he's a very religious soldier!)

Overgeneralization: Calling a modern fiction book a 'Shastra.' Use 'Pustak' or 'Kitab' for general books.

सही: यह एक अच्छी किताब है। (Correct: This is a good book.)

गलत: यह कहानी का शास्त्र है। (Wrong: This is a Shastra of stories - sounds too formal/weird.)

Pluralization Errors: Using 'Shastras' (English style) instead of 'Shastron' in oblique Hindi sentences. 'Shastron mein' is correct, not 'Shastras mein'.

सही: शास्त्रों का अध्ययन करो। (Correct: Study the Shastras.)

वह शास्त्र के विरुद्ध है। (That is against the Shastra.)

Another nuance is the difference between 'Granth' and 'Shastra.' While often used interchangeably, 'Granth' is more about the physical volume, whereas 'Shastra' is about the system of knowledge contained within. Also, remember that 'Shastra' is a formal word. If you use it in a very casual conversation about a grocery list, it will sound sarcastic or overly dramatic. Stick to using it for academic subjects, religious texts, or when discussing formal rules and logic. By avoiding these pitfalls, you will sound much more natural and respectful of the language's depth.

To truly master Hindi, you must understand the spectrum of words related to books and knowledge. शास्त्र (Shastra) sits at the top of the hierarchy of formality. Below it are words like 'Granth,' 'Pustak,' and 'Kitab.' Each has its own flavor and specific usage context. Understanding these differences will help you choose the right word for the right situation.

Shastra vs. Granth: 'Shastra' emphasizes the science/rules/logic. 'Granth' emphasizes the physical book or a large literary work (like the Guru Granth Sahib).

यह एक पवित्र ग्रंथ है। (This is a holy book.) vs. यह तर्क शास्त्र है। (This is the science of logic.)

Shastra vs. Vidya: 'Vidya' means knowledge or skill in a general sense. 'Shastra' is the codified, written version of that knowledge.

उसे संगीत की विद्या आती है। (He knows the art of music.) vs. वह संगीत शास्त्र जानता है। (He knows the theory/science of music.)

वेद दुनिया के सबसे पुराने शास्त्र हैं। (Vedas are the oldest scriptures in the world.)

Alternatives for 'Shastra': 1. संहिता (Samhita) - Collection of laws/hymns. 2. सूत्र (Sutra) - Aphorisms or concise rules. 3. पुराण (Purana) - Ancient mythological texts.

योग सूत्र पतंजलि द्वारा लिखा गया था। (Yoga Sutra was written by Patanjali.)

कामशास्त्र प्रेम का एक प्राचीन ग्रंथ है। (Kamasutra is an ancient treatise on love.)

Using the word 'Shastra' correctly shows that you respect the intellectual rigor of the subject. If you are describing a doctor's medical textbook, you might say 'Chikitsa-shastra' (the science of medicine). If you are talking about a priest's holy book, you might say 'Dharmashastra.' In modern contexts, 'Arthashastra' is the standard word for Economics in Hindi medium schools. By knowing these alternatives, you can navigate between the spiritual, the academic, and the everyday with ease. Always remember: 'Shastra' implies a system, a structure, and an authority that other words for 'book' do not necessarily carry.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"प्राचीन भारतीय ज्ञान-परंपरा में शास्त्रों का स्थान सर्वोपरि है।"

ニュートラル

"क्या आप समाजशास्त्र पढ़ रहे हैं?"

カジュアル

"अरे भाई, तुम तो बड़े शास्त्र झाड़ रहे हो!"

Child friendly

"बेटा, अच्छी बातें शास्त्रों से आती हैं।"

スラング

"उसने तो सारा शास्त्र रट लिया है।"

豆知識

In ancient times, the 'Shastra' and the 'Shastra' (weapon) were considered the two pillars of a kingdom—one for intellectual/moral governance and the other for physical defense. A king was expected to be a master of both.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈʃɑː.strə/

US /ˈʃɑ.strə/

The primary stress is on the first syllable 'Shaa'.

韻が合う語

Astra (अस्त्र - weapon/missile) Vastra (वस्त्र - cloth) Shastra (शस्त्र - weapon) Yantra (यंत्र - machine) Mantra (मंत्र - chant) Tantra (तंत्र - system/occult) Patra (पत्र - letter/leaf) Chitra (चित्र - picture)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'Shastra' (short 'a'), which means weapon.
Pronouncing 'tra' as 'ter' (like English cluster). It should be a crisp 't' and 'r' blend.
Hissing the 's' too much. It should be a smooth transition to 'tra'.

難易度

読解 3/5

The word itself is easy to read, but the texts it refers to are often very complex.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct use of the conjunct 'str' (स्त्र), which can be tricky for beginners.

スピーキング 4/5

Must distinguish the long 'aa' from the short 'a' in 'shastra' (weapon).

リスニング 3/5

Generally clear in context, but watch out for the weapon/scripture distinction.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

पुस्तक (Book) ज्ञान (Knowledge) पढ़ना (To read) नियम (Rule) धर्म (Religion/Duty)

次に学ぶ

दर्शन (Philosophy) सिद्धांत (Principle) विद्वान (Scholar) प्रमाण (Evidence) व्याख्या (Interpretation)

上級

मीमांसा (Hermeneutics) उपनिवेशवाद (Colonialism - in context of text study) वैचारिकी (Ideology) सूत्र (Aphorism) भाष्य (Commentary)

知っておくべき文法

Compound Suffix Usage

Adding '-shastra' to a noun to create a field of study (e.g., Artha + Shastra = Arthashastra).

Masculine Noun Pluralization

One Shastra (एक शास्त्र), Two Shastras (दो शास्त्र) - no change in direct case.

Oblique Case Pluralization

Changing to 'Shastron' when followed by a postposition (e.g., शास्त्रों के लिए).

Adjective formation with '-iya'

Transforming 'Shastra' into 'Shastriya' (Classical/Scriptural).

Genitive linking with 'ka/ke/ki'

शास्त्र का ज्ञान (Knowledge OF Shastra) - 'ka' is used because 'gyan' is masculine.

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レベル別の例文

यह एक पुराना शास्त्र है।

This is an old scripture.

Simple subject-predicate structure using 'hai'.

मैं शास्त्र पढ़ता हूँ।

I read the scripture.

Present simple tense with 'padhta hoon'.

शास्त्र में क्या है?

What is in the scripture?

Interrogative sentence using 'kya'.

वह शास्त्र अच्छा है।

That scripture is good.

Adjective 'achha' modifying the masculine noun 'shastra'.

मेरे पास एक शास्त्र है।

I have a scripture.

Possessive structure 'mere paas'.

यह शास्त्र बड़ा है।

This scripture is big.

Adjective 'bada' (masculine).

गुरु जी शास्त्र सिखाते हैं।

The teacher teaches the scripture.

Subject-Object-Verb order.

शास्त्र यहाँ रखो।

Keep the scripture here.

Imperative sentence.

शास्त्रों में बहुत ज्ञान है।

There is much knowledge in the scriptures.

Oblique plural 'shastron' with postposition 'mein'.

वह अर्थशास्त्र का छात्र है।

He is a student of economics.

Compound word 'Arthashastra'.

हमें शास्त्र पढ़ने चाहिए।

We should read the scriptures.

Use of 'chahiye' for obligation.

यह शास्त्र बहुत कठिन है।

This scripture is very difficult.

Adjective 'kathin' (difficult).

प्राचीन शास्त्र संस्कृत में हैं।

Ancient scriptures are in Sanskrit.

Plural subject 'shastra' (remains same in direct case).

क्या आपने यह शास्त्र देखा है?

Have you seen this scripture?

Present perfect tense.

वह समाजशास्त्र पढ़ती है।

She studies sociology.

Compound word 'Samajshastra'.

शास्त्र की बातें सच्ची होती हैं।

The things in Shastra are true.

Genitive 'ki' linking 'shastra' and 'baatein'.

योग शास्त्र मन को शांत करता है।

The science of Yoga calms the mind.

Compound subject 'Yog Shastra'.

वह शास्त्रीय संगीत का शौकीन है।

He is fond of classical music.

Adjective form 'Shastriya'.

शास्त्रों के अनुसार दान देना पुण्य है।

According to the scriptures, giving charity is a virtue.

Phrase 'ke anusar' (according to).

उसने आयुर्वेद शास्त्र का गहरा अध्ययन किया।

He did a deep study of the science of Ayurveda.

Use of 'gahara adhyayan' (deep study).

हर शास्त्र के अपने नियम होते हैं।

Every Shastra has its own rules.

Distributive 'har' (every).

क्या यह बात शास्त्र-सम्मत है?

Is this matter consistent with the scriptures?

Compound adjective 'shastra-sammat'.

आजकल लोग वास्तु शास्त्र को बहुत मानते हैं।

Nowadays, people believe in Vastu Shastra a lot.

Verb 'maanna' (to believe/follow).

शास्त्र ज्ञान के बिना जीवन अधूरा है।

Life is incomplete without scriptural knowledge.

Postposition 'ke bina' (without).

विद्वानों के बीच शास्त्रार्थ चल रहा था।

A scriptural debate was going on between the scholars.

Noun 'shastrarth' (debate).

यह निर्णय शास्त्र-विरुद्ध माना जाएगा।

This decision will be considered against the scriptures.

Future passive 'maana jayega'.

नीति शास्त्र हमें सही और गलत का भेद सिखाता है।

Ethics (Nitishastra) teaches us the difference between right and wrong.

Compound 'Niti Shastra'.

भारतीय दर्शन और शास्त्र अत्यंत प्राचीन हैं।

Indian philosophy and scriptures are extremely ancient.

Coordinated subjects 'darshan' and 'shastra'.

उन्होंने शास्त्रों की व्याख्या नए ढंग से की।

They interpreted the scriptures in a new way.

Noun 'vyakhya' (interpretation).

शास्त्रों का प्रमाण देना अनिवार्य है।

It is mandatory to provide evidence from the scriptures.

Noun 'praman' (proof/evidence).

वह धर्मशास्त्र का प्रकांड विद्वान है।

He is a profound scholar of Dharmashastra.

Adjective 'prakand' (profound/eminent).

साहित्य शास्त्र के सिद्धांतों को समझना कठिन है।

It is difficult to understand the principles of poetics.

Noun 'siddhant' (principles).

शास्त्रों की प्रामाणिकता पर अक्सर सवाल उठाए जाते हैं।

The authenticity of the scriptures is often questioned.

Noun 'pramanikta' (authenticity).

यह ग्रंथ केवल कथा नहीं, बल्कि एक पूर्ण शास्त्र है।

This book is not just a story, but a complete treatise.

Contrastive 'keval... balki' (not only... but also).

शास्त्र-चिंतन से ही सत्य की प्राप्ति संभव है।

Attainment of truth is possible only through scriptural reflection.

Compound 'shastra-chintan'.

उन्होंने शास्त्रोक्त विधि से यज्ञ संपन्न किया।

He performed the ritual according to the method prescribed in scriptures.

Adjective 'shastrokt' (as said in shastras).

आधुनिक विज्ञान और प्राचीन शास्त्र में सामंजस्य आवश्यक है।

Harmony between modern science and ancient Shastra is necessary.

Noun 'saamanjasya' (harmony).

भाषा विज्ञान भी एक प्रकार का शब्द-शास्त्र है।

Linguistics is also a type of 'science of words'.

Analogy using 'shastra'.

शास्त्रों की गूढ़ बातों को समझना हर किसी के बस की बात नहीं।

Understanding the profound matters of the scriptures is not everyone's cup of tea.

Idiomatic 'bas ki baat' (within one's power/ability).

तर्कशास्त्र के बिना दर्शन अधूरा और दिशाहीन हो जाता है।

Without logic, philosophy becomes incomplete and directionless.

Compound 'Tarkashastra'.

शास्त्रों की व्याख्या काल और परिस्थिति के अनुसार बदलती रहती है।

The interpretation of scriptures keeps changing according to time and circumstance.

Complex sentence with 'badalti rehti hai'.

उन्होंने शास्त्र-मर्यादा का उल्लंघन कभी नहीं किया।

He never violated the boundaries/decorum of the scriptures.

Noun 'maryada' (boundary/decorum).

सौंदर्यशास्त्र की दृष्टि से यह कलाकृति बेजोड़ है।

From the perspective of aesthetics, this artwork is incomparable.

Compound 'Saundaryashastra'.

शास्त्रों का मर्म समझना ही वास्तविक विद्वत्ता है।

Understanding the essence of the scriptures is true scholarship.

Noun 'marm' (essence/core).

क्या हम आधुनिक समस्याओं का समाधान शास्त्रों में खोज सकते हैं?

Can we find solutions to modern problems in the scriptures?

Rhetorical question structure.

शास्त्र-ज्ञान जब अहंकार बन जाए, तो वह अज्ञान से भी बुरा है।

When scriptural knowledge becomes ego, it is worse than ignorance.

Conditional 'jab... toh'.

उन्होंने संपूर्ण जीवन शास्त्र-साधना में व्यतीत कर दिया।

He spent his entire life in the disciplined study of scriptures.

Compound 'shastra-sadhana'.

समकालीन विमर्श में शास्त्र की प्रासंगिकता पर बहस जारी है।

The debate on the relevance of Shastra in contemporary discourse continues.

Noun 'prasangikta' (relevance).

類義語

ग्रंथ विद्या नियम ज्ञान आगम संहिता

反対語

अविद्या अज्ञान अशास्त्रीयता

よく使う組み合わせ

धर्म शास्त्र

अर्थ शास्त्र

वास्तु शास्त्र

समाज शास्त्र

तर्क शास्त्र

नीति शास्त्र

मानव शास्त्र

संगीत शास्त्र

खगोल शास्त्र

मनोविज्ञान शास्त्र

よく使うフレーズ

शास्त्रों के अनुसार

— According to the scriptures. Used to validate a claim or action.

शास्त्रों के अनुसार बड़ों का सम्मान करना चाहिए।

शास्त्रों में लिखा है

— It is written in the scriptures. A common way to cite authority.

शास्त्रों में लिखा है कि कर्म ही पूजा है।

शास्त्र का ज्ञान

— Knowledge of the scriptures. Refers to deep learning.

उसे हर शास्त्र का ज्ञान है।

शास्त्र सम्मत

— Consistent with the scriptures. Used for something valid and traditional.

यह विधि शास्त्र सम्मत है।

शास्त्र विरुद्ध

— Contrary to the scriptures. Used for something prohibited or wrong.

झूठ बोलना शास्त्र विरुद्ध है।

शास्त्रों की दुहाई

— Invoking the scriptures. Often used when someone tries to justify something using old texts.

वह हर बात पर शास्त्रों की दुहाई देता है।

शास्त्रार्थ करना

— To debate on scriptural meanings. A formal intellectual practice.

प्राचीन काल में विद्वान शास्त्रार्थ करते थे।

शास्त्रों का निचोड़

— The essence of the scriptures. The core message.

प्रेम ही सभी शास्त्रों का निचोड़ है।

शास्त्रों की मर्यादा

— The decorum or limits of the scriptures.

हमें शास्त्रों की मर्यादा का पालन करना चाहिए।

शास्त्रों का अध्ययन

— The study of scriptures. A lifelong pursuit for many.

शास्त्रों का अध्ययन मन को शांति देता है।

よく混同される語

शास्त्र vs शस्त्र (Shastra)

Means 'weapon'. The only difference is the length of the first vowel. 'Shastra' is a book; 'Shastra' is a sword.

शास्त्र vs शासन (Shasan)

Means 'governance' or 'rule'. While related by the root 'shas', Shasan is the act of ruling, whereas Shastra is the book of rules.

शास्त्र vs शिष्य (Shishya)

Means 'student'. A student studies the Shastra, and both words share the root 'shas' (to instruct).

慣用句と表現

"शास्त्र घोलकर पीना"

— To have mastered a subject completely. It implies a very deep level of understanding.

उसने तो अर्थशास्त्र घोलकर पी लिया है।

Informal/Metaphorical

"पोथी-पतरा और शास्त्र"

— Referring to all kinds of traditional learning and books, sometimes used slightly dismissively.

वह अपने पोथी-पतरा और शास्त्र लेकर आ गया।

Informal

"शास्त्रों की लकीर"

— Something that is unchangeable because it is written in a holy book.

उसकी बातें शास्त्रों की लकीर नहीं हैं कि बदली न जा सकें।

Neutral

"शास्त्र का धनी"

— Rich in knowledge. Someone who is very learned.

वह व्यक्ति शास्त्र का धनी है, उससे सलाह लो।

Formal

"शास्त्रों की ओट लेना"

— To hide behind scriptures. To use religion or tradition to hide one's mistakes.

अपनी गलती छुपाने के लिए शास्त्रों की ओट मत लो।

Neutral

"शास्त्रों का जाल"

— The web of complex scriptural rules. Often used when someone feels trapped by tradition.

वह शास्त्रों के जाल में उलझ गया है।

Neutral

"शास्त्रों की कसौटी"

— The test of the scriptures. Checking if something is true according to tradition.

इस बात को शास्त्रों की कसौटी पर परखो।

Formal

"शास्त्रों का भंडार"

— A storehouse of knowledge. Usually refers to a library or a very learned person.

यह पुस्तकालय शास्त्रों का भंडार है।

Neutral

"शास्त्रों की आँख"

— The perspective of the scriptures. Seeing the world through traditional wisdom.

दुनिया को शास्त्रों की आँख से देखो।

Poetic

"शास्त्रों की गूँज"

— The echo of the scriptures. The lasting influence of ancient wisdom.

आज भी हमारे समाज में शास्त्रों की गूँज सुनाई देती है।

Formal

間違えやすい

शास्त्र vs शस्त्र

Identical spelling except for one vowel sound.

Shastra (long a) is a book/science. Shastra (short a) is a physical weapon like a sword or gun. Confusing them can lead to funny or dangerous misunderstandings.

ऋषि के पास शास्त्र है (The sage has a scripture) vs. सैनिक के पास शस्त्र है (The soldier has a weapon).

शास्त्र vs ग्रंथ

Both mean 'book' in a formal/sacred sense.

Granth refers to the physical volume or a specific large work. Shastra refers to the system of knowledge or the science within.

यह एक भारी ग्रंथ है (This is a heavy book) vs. यह तर्क शास्त्र है (This is the science of logic).

शास्त्र vs सूत्र

Both are types of ancient texts.

Sutra is a concise aphorism or a short rule. Shastra is a comprehensive treatise that explains those rules in detail.

पतंजलि ने योग सूत्र लिखे, लेकिन योग शास्त्र एक व्यापक विषय है।

शास्त्र vs पुराण

Both are ancient Indian scriptures.

Purana consists of mythological stories and history. Shastra consists of logic, rules, and systematic instructions.

पुराणों में कहानियाँ हैं, शास्त्रों में नियम हैं।

शास्त्र vs विज्ञान

Both can be translated as 'science'.

Vigyan is used for modern, empirical sciences (Physics, Chemistry). Shastra is used for traditional, social, or human sciences (Economics, Ethics).

भौतिक विज्ञान (Physics) vs. अर्थशास्त्र (Economics).

文型パターン

यह [Noun] शास्त्र है।

यह योग शास्त्र है।

मैं [Subject] शास्त्र पढ़ता हूँ।

मैं समाज शास्त्र पढ़ता हूँ।

शास्त्रों में [Topic] के बारे में लिखा है।

शास्त्रों में सत्य के बारे में लिखा है।

यह बात [Shastra-Name] के विरुद्ध है।

यह बात नीति शास्त्र के विरुद्ध है।

[Shastra] की दृष्टि से यह [Adjective] है।

सौंदर्यशास्त्र की दृष्टि से यह अद्भुत है।

शास्त्रों की प्रासंगिकता [Context] में बढ़ गई है।

शास्त्रों की प्रासंगिकता आधुनिक युग में बढ़ गई है।

[Person] को शास्त्रों का गहरा ज्ञान है।

मेरे दादाजी को शास्त्रों का गहरा ज्ञान है।

क्या आपने [Shastra] पढ़ा है?

क्या आपने वास्तु शास्त्र पढ़ा है?

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in academic, religious, and cultural discussions. Rare in casual street slang.

よくある間違い

Using 'Shastra' (शस्त्र) for a book. → शास्त्र (Shastra)
Shastra with a short 'a' means weapon. Saying 'I am reading a weapon' will confuse people.
Saying 'Shastras' (English plural) in Hindi. → शास्त्रों (Shastron)
In Hindi, the plural oblique form is 'Shastron'. Don't use English plural endings.
Calling a comic book a Shastra. → कॉमिक बुक / चित्र-कथा
Shastra is reserved for serious, systematic, or sacred works. It's too heavy for a comic.
Confusing Shastra with Shasan (Governance). → शास्त्र (Treatise)
While related, Shasan is the act of ruling. Shastra is the book of rules.
Misspelling 'स्त्रा' as 'स्तरा'. → स्त्र
The 'tra' is a conjunct, not a full syllable with a vowel in between.

ヒント

The Long 'AA' trick

Imagine you are at the dentist saying 'Ahhh'. That is the length you need for the first syllable of Shastra. If you make it short, you are talking about a weapon!

Suffix Power

Learn the word '-shastra' and you've learned 20 other words. Just add the subject name before it. Artha (Wealth) + Shastra = Economics.

Respect the Text

In India, Shastras are often kept in clean places and handled with respect. Mentioning them with reverence will impress native speakers.

Plurality

Remember that 'Shastra' doesn't change in the plural unless there's a postposition. 'Do Shastra' (Two scriptures) is correct.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'Shastra' for your university major but 'Kitab' for the novel you're reading on the train. Mixing them up sounds strange.

The Conjunct 'str'

The 'str' in Shastra is a combination of 'sa', 'ta', and 'ra'. It looks like a little staircase in Devanagari. Practice writing it ten times.

Modern Subjects

Even modern subjects like Sociology (Samajshastra) use this word. It shows that Hindi views these subjects as systematic bodies of knowledge.

The 'Shas' Root

The root 'shas' also gives us 'Anushasan' (discipline). Think of Shastra as the 'discipline of a subject'.

Scripture-Science

Always translate Shastra as 'Scripture-Science' in your head to remember its dual nature as both holy and logical.

News and Media

Listen for this word in Hindi news when they talk about the 'Budget' (Arthashastra context) or 'Culture' (Dharmashastra context).

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Shaastra' as 'Shared Structure'. It's a structured body of knowledge shared by a culture or a field of study. The long 'AA' stands for 'Authoritative'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a very old, heavy book with golden letters sitting on a pedestal in a library of light. That is a Shastra. Now imagine a sword—that's a Shastra (short 'a'). Don't bring a book to a sword fight!

Word Web

Knowledge Science Scripture Rules Classical Authority Treatise Instruction

チャレンジ

Try to name five academic subjects in Hindi using the '-shastra' suffix. For example: Artha-shastra, Samaj-shastra, etc. Then write one sentence for each.

語源

Rooted in the ancient Sanskrit language, which is the liturgical language of Hinduism and the source of many words in modern Indian languages.

元の意味： The word comes from the root 'śās' (शास्), meaning 'to instruct, teach, or govern.' The suffix '-tra' (त्र) indicates an instrument or a tool. Thus, a 'Shastra' is an 'instrument of instruction' or a 'tool for governing knowledge.'

Indo-Aryan family, derived from Sanskrit.

文化的な背景

Be aware that while Shastras are highly respected, some historical texts contain social rules that are debated in modern India. Use the term respectfully but objectively in academic settings.

English speakers often use the word 'scripture' for Shastra, but 'treatise' or 'science' is often more accurate for non-religious subjects like economics or logic.

Arthashastra by Chanakya (Ancient treatise on statecraft) Natyashastra by Bharata Muni (The foundational text for Indian performing arts) Manusmriti (A famous, though controversial, Dharmashastra or legal code)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

University/Education

मैं अर्थशास्त्र का छात्र हूँ।
समाजशास्त्र की कक्षा कब है?
यह शास्त्र बहुत पुराना है।
हमें इस शास्त्र का अध्ययन करना है।

Religious/Spiritual

शास्त्रों में ऐसा कहा गया है।
पंडित जी शास्त्र पढ़ रहे हैं।
धर्मशास्त्र का पालन करो।
शास्त्र ज्ञान ही सच्चा सुख है।

Building a House

वास्तु शास्त्र के अनुसार घर बनाओ।
क्या यह शास्त्र सम्मत है?
वास्तु शास्त्र का क्या नियम है?
वह वास्तु शास्त्र का जानकार है।

Intellectual Debate

चलिए शास्त्रार्थ करते हैं।
आपके पास क्या शास्त्र प्रमाण है?
यह बात शास्त्र विरुद्ध है।
शास्त्र की व्याख्या स्पष्ट करें।

Music/Arts

शास्त्रीय संगीत बहुत मधुर है।
संगीत शास्त्र के राग कठिन हैं।
वह नाट्यशास्त्र का विद्वान है।
शास्त्रीय नृत्य की शिक्षा लें।

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आप किसी प्राचीन भारतीय शास्त्र के बारे में जानते हैं?"

"आपके देश में कौन से शास्त्र (treatises) प्रसिद्ध हैं?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि वास्तु शास्त्र आज भी प्रासंगिक है?"

"आपने कॉलेज में कौन सा शास्त्र (subject) पढ़ा था?"

"क्या शास्त्रों का ज्ञान आधुनिक जीवन में मदद कर सकता है?"

日記のテーマ

मेरे जीवन का 'शास्त्र' (नियमों की पुस्तक) क्या है? मैं किन सिद्धांतों पर चलता हूँ?

अगर मुझे एक नया शास्त्र लिखना हो, तो वह किस विषय पर होगा और क्यों?

प्राचीन शास्त्रों और आधुनिक विज्ञान के बीच क्या समानताएं हैं?

किसी ऐसे शास्त्र का वर्णन करें जिसने आपकी सोच बदल दी।

क्या नियमों (शास्त्रों) के बिना समाज चल सकता है? अपने विचार लिखें।

よくある質問

10 問

No. While it is often used for religious scriptures (Dharmashastra), it also refers to secular sciences like economics (Arthashastra), architecture (Vastushastra), and even the science of love (Kamasutra). It essentially means any systematic body of knowledge.

In Devanagari, Shastra (scripture) is written as शास्त्र (with the 'aa' matra), and Shastra (weapon) is written as शस्त्र (without the 'aa' matra). The visual difference is the vertical line after the first letter.

Yes, in formal Hindi, it is common. For example, a sociology textbook is 'Samajshastra ki pustak'. However, in casual talk, people just say 'Sociology ki book'.

Yes, because it is a Sanskrit word, it is used with the same or similar meaning in many Indian languages like Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, and Kannada.

Shastrarth is a traditional Indian practice of intellectual debate where scholars discuss and interpret the meanings of the Shastras. It was a way to reach the truth through logic.

Shastri is a title given to someone who has mastered the Shastras. Over time, it became a surname for many families involved in scholarship and priesthood.

In the traditional sense, yes. It is the 'Shastra' or systematic knowledge of architecture and placement. Whether it aligns with modern physics is a different debate, but it is a formal Shastra.

There is no fixed number. There are six major Darshanas (philosophies), four Vedas, and hundreds of specific Shastras for different fields like grammar, medicine, and dance.

Historically, there were periods of restriction, but there are many famous female scholars in Indian history, like Gargi and Maitreyi, who were masters of the Shastras. Today, anyone can study them.

Vidya is the knowledge or skill itself (e.g., the skill of singing). Shastra is the codified, written system of that knowledge (e.g., the theory of music).

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