A2 · 初中級 チャプター 20

Moving In and Out: Directional Cases

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the secrets of Hungarian movement by mastering the internal space cases.

  • Express movement into a space.
  • Describe locations within a space.
  • Identify movement out of a space.
Step in, stay inside, and move out with ease.

学べること

The triad of 'where to', 'where at', and 'where from'. Mastering the illative, inessive, and elative cases.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe your location and movement relative to rooms and buildings.

ヒントとコツ (2)

💡

Check the vowels

Always look at the last vowel of the word. If it's a, o, u, use -ba. If it's e, i, ö, ü, use -be.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)
💡

Vowel Harmony First

Always check the last vowel before adding the suffix.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Inessive Case: Inside (-ban/-ben)

重要な語彙 (6)

ház house szoba room autó car iskola school megy to go van to be

Real-World Preview

door-open

Arriving at the party

Review Summary

  • Root + ba/be
  • Root + ban/ben
  • Root + ból/ből

よくある間違い

You used the inessive (location) instead of the illative (direction). Remember: movement requires -ba/-be.

Wrong: Megyek a házban.
正解: Megyek a házba.

You used the elative (out of) instead of the inessive. Location needs -ban/-ben.

Wrong: A könyv a táskából van.
正解: A könyv a táskában van.

Mixing up the directionality. 'Kijön' (come out) naturally takes the elative.

Wrong: Kijövök a házba.
正解: Kijövök a házból.

Next Steps

You have conquered the 'inside' cases! You are becoming a true master of Hungarian spatial logic. See you in the next chapter!

Label items in your room and write sentences using -ban/-ben.

Continue to: Onto and Off: Surface Cases

クイック練習 (10)

Select the correct usage.

Which implies movement?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Bemegyek implies movement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)

Fill in the correct suffix.

A könyv a táska___ van.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ban
Táska has back vowels.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Inessive Case: Inside (-ban/-ben)

Identify the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Beugrott a vízben.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Movement requires Illative.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kertből jövök.
Kert has front vowels.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Elative Case: Out of (-ból/-ből)

Fill in the suffix.

Beteszem a tásk___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Táska has back vowels.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Bemegyek a szobába.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
It is already correct.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)

Fill in the correct suffix.

Bemegyek a ház___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ház has back vowels.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A kertben vagyok.
Kert has front vowels.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Inessive Case: Inside (-ban/-ben)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Kert has front vowels.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Illative Case: Into (-ba/-be)

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Barátból jövök.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Baráttól jövök.
People use ablative.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Elative Case: Out of (-ból/-ből)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Check the vowels in the word. Back vowels (a, o, u) take -ba; front vowels (e, i, ö, ü) take -be.
Usually, you lengthen the final vowel before adding the suffix, e.g., 'iskola' -> 'iskolába'.
Check the last vowel of the word. Back vowels (a, o, u) take -ban, front vowels (e, i, ö, ü) take -ben.
Yes, you can use it for timeframes like 'a héten' (in the week).
Check the last vowel of the word. Back vowels (a, o, u) take -ból. Front vowels (e, i, ö, ü) take -ből.
No, use -tól/-től for people.
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The Definite Conjugation
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Onto and Off: Surface Cases
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