A2 Expression フォーマル

한국어를 잘 못합니다.

hangugeoreul jal motamnida.

I don't speak Korean well.

Phrase in 30 Seconds

A polite way to tell native speakers you aren't fluent yet and might need them to slow down.

  • Means: 'I cannot speak Korean well' (polite/formal).
  • Used in: Meeting strangers, ordering food, or starting a conversation.
  • Don't confuse: '못' (cannot) with '안' (will not/do not).
🇰🇷 + 🗣️ + ❌ + 🙏 = A graceful exit from linguistic confusion.

Explanation at your level:

This is a very important sentence for beginners. It helps you tell people you are still learning. You use '한국어' for the language and '못합니다' to say 'cannot do'. It is very polite. You should say this when someone speaks too fast to you in Korea.
At the A2 level, you should understand the structure: Object (한국어를) + Adverb (잘) + Negation (못) + Verb (합니다). The word '잘' makes the sentence sound softer and more natural. It's better than just saying 'I can't speak', as it means 'I can't speak *well*'.
Intermediate learners use this phrase strategically. Even if you can hold a conversation, saying you 'cannot speak well' is a sign of humility. You should be able to conjugate this into different levels, like '못해요' for daily life or '못해' for friends. It's about managing the flow of the conversation.
Upper-intermediate students should recognize the nuance between '못' (inability) and '안' (lack of will). Using this phrase correctly demonstrates your grasp of Korean pragmatics. You might also use variations like '서툽니다' (to be clumsy/unskilled) to sound more sophisticated while remaining humble.
At an advanced level, this phrase becomes a tool for sociolinguistic maneuvering. You understand that '잘 못합니다' functions as a 'hedging' device. It allows you to make mistakes without losing face. You can also analyze the Hanja roots in '한국어' ({韓國語}) to explain the language's history to others while ironically using the phrase.
Near-native mastery involves using this phrase to navigate the complex 'honorifics' system of Korea. A C2 speaker might use this phrase with a perfect accent to elicit a specific social response, knowing that the contrast between their actual fluency and their stated 'lack of skill' reinforces their mastery of Korean etiquette and the cultural value of modesty.

意味

Stating one's limited ability in Korean.

🌍

文化的背景

The 'Compliment Trap': Koreans are very encouraging to learners. Even if you only say 'Hello', they might say your Korean is amazing. Using '잘 못합니다' is the expected humble response. Respect for hierarchy means that admitting a lack of knowledge to an elder or superior is seen as a sign of good upbringing and honesty. On platforms like Instagram or HelloTalk, learners often put '한국어 잘 못함' in their bio to signal they are students and to excuse any grammar mistakes in their posts. In a business setting, being precise about your limitations is better than over-promising. Using the formal '-합니다' version shows professional respect.

🎯

Add '아직' for extra points

Saying '아직 한국어 잘 못합니다' (I can't speak Korean well *yet*) sounds much more natural and positive.

⚠️

Watch the 'p' sound

In '합니다', the 'p' (ㅂ) is followed by 'n' (ㄴ). This makes the 'p' sound like an 'm'. It's 'ham-ni-da', not 'hap-ni-da'.

意味

Stating one's limited ability in Korean.

🎯

Add '아직' for extra points

Saying '아직 한국어 잘 못합니다' (I can't speak Korean well *yet*) sounds much more natural and positive.

⚠️

Watch the 'p' sound

In '합니다', the 'p' (ㅂ) is followed by 'n' (ㄴ). This makes the 'p' sound like an 'm'. It's 'ham-ni-da', not 'hap-ni-da'.

💬

Smile while saying it

Since you are admitting a limitation, a small polite smile or a slight bow makes the interaction much warmer.

自分をテスト

Choose the most polite and natural way to say you aren't good at Korean to a stranger.

저기요, 질문이 있는데... (Excuse me, I have a question...)

✓ 正解！ ✗ おしい！ 正解: 한국어 잘 못합니다.

'못합니다' is the correct polite form for lack of ability.

Fill in the missing adverb to soften the negation.

저는 한국어를 ___ 못합니다.

✓ 正解！ ✗ おしい！ 正解: 잘

'잘' (well) is the standard adverb used with '못하다' to mean 'not good at'.

Match the speech level to the person you are talking to.

1. A grandmother at a bus stop. 2. A close friend from school. 3. A standard polite situation.

✓ 正解！ ✗ おしい！ 正解: A: 잘 못합니다, B: 잘 못해, C: 잘 못해요

Formal (-합니다) for elders, Informal (-해) for friends, Polite (-해요) for general use.

Complete the dialogue with the most humble response.

한국인: '한국어 정말 잘하시네요!' 외국인: '아니에요. _______.'

✓ 正解！ ✗ おしい！ 正解: 아직 잘 못합니다

In Korea, it is polite to deflect compliments about your skills.

🎉 スコア： /4

ビジュアル学習ツール

よくある質問

5 問

한국어 ({韓國語}) is the formal term for the language (the 'language of Korea'). 한국말 is more casual and literally means 'Korean speech'. Both work with this phrase.

Yes, that is the most common way to say it in daily life. It is polite but less stiff than '못합니다'.

Without '잘', it sounds like you can't speak a single word. '잘 못해요' means 'I'm not good at it', which is usually more accurate and sounds softer.

Yes! In fact, it's often expected as a form of modesty. It prevents you from sounding boastful.

You can say '한국어 전혀 못합니다' (Hangugeo jeonhyeo mothamnida).

関連フレーズ

🔗

한국어 조금 해요

similar

I speak a little Korean.

🔗

한국어 공부 중이에요

builds on

I am in the middle of studying Korean.

🔗

다시 말씀해 주세요

builds on

Please say it again.

🔗

한국어 잘하시네요

contrast

Your Korean is good.

どこで使う？

✈️

At the Airport

Officer: 방문 목적이 무엇입니까?

Learner: 죄송합니다, 한국어를 잘 못합니다. 영어로 해 주세요.

formal
🚕

In a Taxi

Driver: 오늘 날씨가 참 덥죠? 어디서 오셨어요?

Learner: 아... 한국어를 잘 못합니다. 죄송합니다.

formal
🍲

Ordering Food

Waiter: 이 메뉴는 아주 매운데 괜찮으시겠어요?

Learner: 한국어를 잘 못합니다. 안 매운 거 주세요.

formal
😊

Receiving a Compliment

Friend: 와, 한국어 진짜 잘하시네요!

Learner: 아니에요. 아직 한국어를 잘 못해요.

neutral
📱

On a Dating App

Match: 자기소개 부탁드려요!

Learner: 안녕하세요! 저는 한국어를 잘 못해서 번역기를 써요.

neutral
💼

At a Job Interview

Interviewer: 한국어 실력은 어느 정도입니까?

Learner: 일상 대화는 가능하지만, 비즈니스 한국어는 아직 잘 못합니다.

very_formal

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Hangugeo' as the language, 'Jal' as a 'Jolly good' effort, and 'Mot' as 'Not' being able to do it.

Visual Association

Imagine a student holding a Korean textbook with a big 'X' over their mouth, but smiling politely to show they are trying.

Rhyme

Hangugeo-reul jal mot-hae, please speak slowly today!

Story

You arrive in Seoul and a friendly grandma asks you for directions. You want to help, but your brain freezes. You bow slightly and say '한국어 잘 못합니다' to let her know you're a student, not just ignoring her.

Word Web

한국어 (Korean)잘 (Well)못 (Cannot)하다 (To do)공부 (Study)조금 (A little)천천히 (Slowly)죄송합니다 (Sorry)

チャレンジ

Go to a Korean restaurant or a language exchange and use this phrase the moment someone speaks too fast. Observe how they immediately simplify their speech.

In Other Languages

Spanish high

No hablo bien coreano.

Korean requires the 'mot' negation to sound natural.

French moderate

Je ne parle pas bien le coréen.

Word order: French is Verb-Adverb, Korean is Adverb-Verb.

German moderate

Ich spreche nicht gut Koreanisch.

Position of the negation word.

Japanese high

韓国語があまり上手ではありません。

Japanese focuses on 'skill' (noun/adjective), Korean focuses on 'doing' (verb).

Arabic partial

لا أتحدث الكورية جيدًا

Arabic is VSO/SVO, while Korean is SOV.

Chinese moderate

我的韩语不太好。

Chinese uses an adjective-based 'not good' rather than a verb-based 'cannot do'.

Portuguese high

Não falo bem coreano.

Emphasis: Portuguese emphasizes the 'not', Korean emphasizes the 'Korean language'.

Russian partial

Я плохо говорю по-корейски.

Russian uses 'badly', Korean uses 'not well'.

Easily Confused

한국어를 잘 못합니다. 対 한국어를 안 합니다

Learners swap 'mot' (cannot) with 'an' (do not).

Remember: 'Mot' is for skill/ability, 'An' is for will/choice.

한국어를 잘 못합니다. 対 한국어가 없어요

Using 'eops-eoyo' (to not have) instead of 'mot-haeyo'.

You 'do' a language, you don't 'have' it in this context.

よくある質問 (5)

한국어 ({韓國語}) is the formal term for the language (the 'language of Korea'). 한국말 is more casual and literally means 'Korean speech'. Both work with this phrase.

Yes, that is the most common way to say it in daily life. It is polite but less stiff than '못합니다'.

Without '잘', it sounds like you can't speak a single word. '잘 못해요' means 'I'm not good at it', which is usually more accurate and sounds softer.

Yes! In fact, it's often expected as a form of modesty. It prevents you from sounding boastful.

You can say '한국어 전혀 못합니다' (Hangugeo jeonhyeo mothamnida).

役に立った？

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