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B1 noun #1,000 よく出る 11分で読める

대기

daegi 上位1,000

練習する例文メモとヒント 대기 30秒で

解説 대기 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need to use the word '대기' (atmosphere) very often. Instead, you will mostly use the word '공기' (air) or '날씨' (weather). However, it is good to recognize '대기' because you might see it on signs or in simple news clips. Think of '대기' as the 'big air' that is all around the world. When you see a weather forecast on TV in Korea, they might say '대기' when talking about the sky. At this stage, just remember that '대기' is a formal way to say 'air' when talking about the whole planet. You should also be careful because '대기' can also mean 'waiting'. If you are at a restaurant and see '대기', it means you have to wait for a table. If you see it in a science book, it means the atmosphere. For an A1 learner, just knowing that this word exists and has two meanings is a great start. You can practice by saying '지구의 대기' (Earth's atmosphere) to sound like a smart scientist!

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At the A2 level, you are starting to talk about more than just basic needs. You might talk about the environment or the weather in more detail. '대기' becomes useful when you want to say 'air pollution' (대기 오염). In Korea, fine dust (미세먼지) is a big topic, and you will hear '대기' on the news every day. You should learn that '대기' is a noun. You can use it with simple verbs like '있다' (to exist) or '나쁘다' (to be bad). For example, '오늘 대기가 나빠요' (The atmosphere/air quality is bad today). You should also start to distinguish '대기' from '공기'. Use '공기' when you talk about the air in your room or the air you breathe. Use '대기' when you talk about the air outside or the air in the whole country. This shows you are moving beyond the most basic vocabulary. Also, remember the 'waiting' meaning! '대기실' is a waiting room. You will see this at the doctor's office or the train station.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle topics like the environment, science, and social issues. '대기' is a key word for these discussions. You should be able to use it in compound words like '대기 오염' (air pollution), '대기 질' (air quality), and '대기권' (atmospheric layer). This word is essential for describing the causes and effects of climate change. For example, you might say '대기 중의 이산화탄소가 증가하고 있습니다' (Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing). You should also understand the nuance of using '대기' in formal contexts. If you are writing a short essay about why we should protect nature, using '대기' instead of '공기' makes your writing sound more professional and academic. You should also be comfortable with the homonym '대기' (waiting) in more complex settings, like '대기 명단에 이름을 올리다' (to put one's name on a waiting list). At this level, you are building the vocabulary needed for the TOPIK II exam or for discussing global issues with Korean friends.

At the B2 level, you should use '대기' with precision in academic and professional settings. You should be familiar with more technical terms like '대기압' (atmospheric pressure), '대기 정체' (atmospheric stagnation), and '대기 확산' (atmospheric diffusion). You will encounter these terms in news reports about why fine dust is staying in the city for a long time. You should also be able to discuss the '대기 환경 보전법' (Clean Air Conservation Act) or other environmental policies. At this stage, you should never confuse '대기' (atmosphere) with '분위기' (mood/vibe). If you say '이 식당의 대기가 좋아요', a native speaker will understand you mean 'waiting' or 'literal gases', not the 'vibe'. You should also be able to use '대기' in the passive voice, such as '대기가 오염되다' (the atmosphere is being polluted), and understand how it functions in complex sentences with multiple clauses. Your ability to use '대기' correctly in a presentation about environmental sustainability is a hallmark of a B2 learner.

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At the C1 level, your understanding of '대기' should be nuanced and deep. You should understand its role in complex scientific systems, such as the '대기 대순환' (global atmospheric circulation) and how it interacts with the '해양' (oceans) to influence climate. You should be able to read and summarize scientific articles that use '대기' in the context of aerospace engineering or planetary science. For instance, discussing the '대기 성분 분석' (analysis of atmospheric components) of exoplanets should be within your reach. Furthermore, you should recognize the figurative use of '대기' in high-level literature or philosophy, where it might represent a 'grand spirit' or a 'vast presence', although this is rare. You should also be able to critique government policies regarding '대기 질 관리' (air quality management) using specific terminology. At this level, '대기' is not just a word for 'air', but a concept that connects various fields of study, from chemistry to political science.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like command of the word '대기' and its various contexts. You can engage in high-level debates about '대기 오염 총량제' (Total Air Pollution Load Management System) and other sophisticated environmental regulations. You understand the subtle historical and linguistic roots of the word as a Sino-Korean term and how it contrasts with native Korean words in poetic vs. scientific registers. You can effortlessly switch between the 'atmosphere' and 'waiting' meanings of '대기' without a second thought, even in pun-filled or highly technical discourse. You might even explore the use of '대기' in specialized fields like '대기 역학' (atmospheric dynamics) or '대기 화학' (atmospheric chemistry). Your usage of the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, whether you are writing a doctoral thesis on climate change or discussing the latest space exploration news. You understand '대기' as a fundamental component of the Earth's life-support system and can articulate its importance with eloquence and scientific accuracy.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

대기 30秒で

대기 refers to the atmosphere, the layer of gases surrounding Earth, used in scientific and formal contexts.
It is distinct from '공기' (air) which is more casual, and '분위기' (mood) which is figurative.
Commonly used in environmental terms like '대기 오염' (air pollution) and '대기 질' (air quality).
Also a homonym for 'waiting' (待機), so context is crucial for correct interpretation.

The Korean word 대기 (大氣) is a scientific and formal term primarily referring to the 'atmosphere'—the massive layer of gases that surrounds the Earth or any other celestial body. While the common word for 'air' is 공기 (gong-gi), 대기 is used when discussing the air as a global system, a scientific subject, or an environmental resource. In the context of English speakers learning Korean, understanding 대기 is crucial for academic discussions, news consumption, and environmental advocacy. It is a Sino-Korean word, where '대' (大) means big or great, and '기' (氣) means energy, air, or spirit. Together, they represent the 'great air' that encompasses our planet.

Scientific Context: In meteorology and physics, 대기 describes the composition of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. You will encounter it in terms like 대기압 (atmospheric pressure) and 대기권 (the layers of the atmosphere). When scientists talk about the greenhouse effect or global warming, they almost exclusively use 대기 because it implies the entire protective shell of the Earth rather than just the air we breathe in a room.

지구의 대기는 생명체가 살 수 있게 도와줍니다. (The Earth's atmosphere helps living things to survive.)

Environmental Context: This is perhaps the most common way you will hear the word in modern Korea. Issues like 대기 오염 (air pollution) and 대기 질 (air quality) are daily topics of conversation due to fine dust (미세먼지) concerns. If you are preparing for the TOPIK exam or an IELTS-style Korean proficiency test, you must be able to discuss how industrialization affects the 대기.

공장 매연이 대기를 오염시키고 있습니다. (Factory smoke is polluting the atmosphere.)

Furthermore, the word is used in figurative senses in literature to describe a 'grand spirit' or a 'large-scale' situation, though this is less common in daily speech. In the realm of astronomy, when discussing Mars or Venus, Korean speakers will refer to their 대기 to describe their gaseous environments. It is a word that bridges the gap between everyday environmental concerns and high-level scientific inquiry. By mastering this word, you move beyond basic 'survival Korean' into the realm of 'intellectual Korean,' allowing you to engage with news reports, documentaries, and academic papers regarding the planet's health and the physical world around us.

화성의 대기는 주로 이산화탄소로 구성되어 있습니다. (The atmosphere of Mars is mainly composed of carbon dioxide.)

Social and Policy Usage: Government agencies in Korea, such as the Ministry of Environment, use 대기 in official regulations. Terms like 대기환경보전법 (Clean Air Conservation Act) show how the word is embedded in the legal and social framework of the country. For a learner, using 대기 instead of 공기 in these contexts demonstrates a high level of linguistic precision and cultural awareness.

정부는 대기 오염을 줄이기 위한 새로운 정책을 발표했습니다. (The government announced a new policy to reduce atmospheric pollution.)

오늘 대기 상태가 매우 불안정하여 소나기가 예상됩니다. (The atmospheric conditions are very unstable today, so showers are expected.)

Using 대기 correctly requires an understanding of its formal and scientific nature. Unlike 공기, which can be used in casual phrases like 'The air in this room is stuffy,' 대기 is used for larger-scale observations. To use it effectively, you should pair it with verbs that describe state, change, or impact. Common verbs include 오염되다 (to be polluted), 순환하다 (to circulate), 방출하다 (to emit), and 보호하다 (to protect). In Korean grammar, 대기 functions as a standard noun and can take various particles depending on its role in the sentence.

Subjective Use (대기가): When 대기 is the subject performing an action or being described, use the particle -가. For example, 'The atmosphere is warming' would be 대기가 따뜻해지고 있다. This focuses the listener's attention on the atmosphere itself as the primary actor in the sentence.

대기가 매우 건조하니 산불을 조심하세요. (The atmosphere is very dry, so be careful of forest fires.)

Objective Use (대기를): When something is being done to the atmosphere, use the particle -를. This is common in environmental contexts where humans are the actors. 'We must protect the atmosphere' becomes 우리는 대기를 보호해야 한다. This structure is essential for writing essays or giving presentations on environmental protection.

이산화탄소 배출은 대기를 오염시키는 주범입니다. (Carbon dioxide emissions are the main culprit in polluting the atmosphere.)

In more advanced usage, you might use the particle -중의 (in the...) or -속의 (inside the...) to describe things existing within the atmosphere. For example, 'moisture in the atmosphere' is 대기 중의 수분. This level of detail is common in weather reports. Additionally, 대기 is often used with the possessive particle -의 to describe properties of the atmosphere, such as 대기의 구성 (composition of the atmosphere) or 대기의 흐름 (flow of the atmosphere). Understanding these patterns allows you to construct complex sentences that sound natural to native speakers.

대기 중의 미세먼지 농도가 오늘 매우 높습니다. (The concentration of fine dust in the atmosphere is very high today.)

Comparative Use (대기와): When comparing the Earth's atmosphere to another planet's, use -와/과. 'Earth's atmosphere is different from Mars's' would be 지구의 대기는 화성의 대기와 다르다. This is a common pattern in academic writing and scientific comparisons.

우주 공간은 대기와는 달리 산소가 없습니다. (Unlike the atmosphere, outer space has no oxygen.)

태양 에너지는 대기를 통과하여 지표면에 도달합니다. (Solar energy passes through the atmosphere and reaches the Earth's surface.)

In South Korea, 대기 is a word you will encounter daily, though perhaps not in casual coffee shop chatter. Its most frequent appearance is in the weather forecast (일기예보). Because Korea faces significant seasonal challenges with fine dust (미세먼지) and yellow dust (황사) from the Gobi Desert, the 'state of the atmosphere' is a matter of public health. Every morning, news anchors report on the 대기 질 (air quality), advising citizens whether to wear masks or avoid outdoor activities. If you live in Korea, checking the 대기 오염 정보 (air pollution information) on your smartphone app becomes a routine part of life.

News and Media: Television news programs often have a dedicated segment for the environment. You will hear phrases like 대기 정체 (atmospheric stagnation), which explains why pollution isn't clearing away, or 대기 확산 (atmospheric diffusion), which describes how wind is cleaning the air. Journalists use 대기 to provide a sense of scale and scientific authority to their reporting.

오늘 전국적으로 대기 질이 '나쁨' 수준을 보이겠습니다. (Today, the air quality nationwide will be at a 'bad' level.)

Educational Settings: In schools and universities, 대기 is a foundational term in science classes. Students learn about the 대기 대순환 (global atmospheric circulation) and how it affects climate patterns. If you are watching a Korean documentary about nature or space (like a Korean-dubbed version of 'Cosmos' or a local production like 'Tears of the Earth'), 대기 will be used repeatedly to describe the environment of our planet and others.

선생님은 대기권의 구조에 대해 설명해 주셨습니다. (The teacher explained the structure of the atmospheric layers.)

Another place you will hear this word is in government announcements. During high-pollution days, the government might issue a 대기오염 비상저감조치 (Emergency Measures to Reduce Atmospheric Pollution), which might restrict car usage or factory operations. These announcements are broadcast in subways, buses, and via emergency text alerts on mobile phones. Therefore, even if you aren't a scientist, knowing 대기 is essential for understanding public safety warnings in Korea. Finally, in the context of global climate summits (like COP meetings), Korean representatives and commentators will use 대기 to discuss international efforts to lower carbon levels in the atmosphere.

수도권에 대기오염 비상저감조치가 시행되었습니다. (Emergency measures to reduce atmospheric pollution have been implemented in the Seoul metropolitan area.)

Scientific Research: If you read Korean scientific journals or tech news, 대기 appears in discussions about aerospace engineering, satellite monitoring, and renewable energy. For instance, how satellites monitor the 대기 성분 (atmospheric components) to track climate change is a frequent topic in Korean tech media like 'Science Times'.

천문학자들은 외계 행성의 대기를 분석하여 생명체의 흔적을 찾습니다. (Astronomers analyze the atmospheres of exoplanets to find traces of life.)

항공기는 대기의 저항을 최소화하도록 설계되었습니다. (Aircraft are designed to minimize atmospheric resistance.)

The most significant pitfall for learners of Korean when using 대기 is its homonym. In Korean, 대기 (待機) also means 'waiting' or 'standby'. This second meaning is actually much more common in daily life. You will see it on restaurant waiting lists (대기 명단), in hospitals (대기실 - waiting room), and on computer screens (대기 모드 - standby mode). Learners often get confused when they see the word in a context that doesn't involve the sky. To avoid this, always look at the surrounding words. If you see 'pollution' or 'planet', it's atmosphere. If you see 'number' or 'room', it's waiting.

Confusing '대기' with '공기': While both mean 'air', they are not interchangeable. You would never say 'The atmosphere in this room is fresh' using 대기; you must use 공기. 대기 is for the planetary scale. Conversely, in a scientific paper about the Earth's layers, using 공기 would sound too childish or imprecise. Use 공기 for what you breathe right now, and 대기 for the global system.

[Wrong] 방 안의 대기가 탁해요. (The atmosphere in the room is stuffy.)
[Right] 방 안의 공기가 탁해요. (The air in the room is stuffy.)

Misusing '분위기': In English, 'atmosphere' can mean the 'mood' or 'vibe' of a place (e.g., 'The restaurant has a great atmosphere'). In Korean, 대기 never means mood. For that, you must use 분위기 (bun-wi-gi). Using 대기 to describe a romantic vibe would be a hilarious mistake, as it would sound like you are talking about the literal gases in the room.

[Wrong] 이 카페는 대기가 좋아요. (This cafe has a good atmosphere/gas.)
[Right] 이 카페는 분위기가 좋아요. (This cafe has a good atmosphere/mood.)

Another mistake is failing to use the correct Sino-Korean compounds. For example, some learners might try to invent words like '대기 오염물' (atmosphere pollutant) when the standard term is 대기 오염 물질. It's important to learn these as fixed blocks. Also, be careful with the pronunciation. While '대기' is simple, in rapid speech, the '기' can sometimes sound like '게' to untrained ears, leading to confusion with words like '대게' (snow crab). However, context usually clears this up immediately. Finally, remember that 대기 is a noun. You cannot use it as a verb directly (like 'to atmosphere'). You must use verbs like 대기를 ~하다 or 대기가 ~하다.

[Wrong] 우리는 대기해야 합니다. (We must atmosphere - *This actually means 'We must wait' due to the homonym!*)
[Right] 우리는 대기를 보호해야 합니다. (We must protect the atmosphere.)

[Wrong] 대기가 너무 시끄러워요. (The atmosphere is too noisy - *Using atmosphere for mood.*)
[Right] 분위기가 너무 시끄러워요. (The atmosphere/mood is too noisy.)

To truly master Korean, you need to know when to use 대기 and when to opt for a synonym or a related term. The most common alternative is 공기 (gong-gi), but as discussed, its usage is much more localized and physical. Another related term is 하늘 (ha-neul), which means 'sky'. While the 대기 is what the sky is made of, 하늘 is what we see when we look up. You 'look at the sky' (하늘을 보다), but you 'study the atmosphere' (대기를 연구하다).

대기 vs. 공기

대기 (Atmosphere): Large scale, scientific, planetary, environmental issues. Example: '대기 오염' (Air pollution).
공기 (Air): Small scale, immediate, what we breathe, physical presence in a room. Example: '공기를 환기시키다' (To ventilate the air).

대기 vs. 분위기

대기 (Atmosphere): Literal gases. Example: '대기 중의 산소' (Oxygen in the atmosphere).
분위기 (Atmosphere/Mood): Figurative feeling of a place or situation. Example: '축제 분위기' (Festival atmosphere).

산 위로 올라갈수록 대기가 희박해집니다. (As you go up the mountain, the atmosphere becomes thinner.)

Other technical terms include 대기권 (dae-gi-gwon), which specifically refers to the 'atmospheric layer' or 'aerosphere'. This is used when talking about space travel or the layers like the stratosphere. There is also 기권 (gi-gwon), a more academic synonym for the atmosphere as one of the Earth's spheres (alongside the hydrosphere and lithosphere). For learners, 대기 is the most versatile and useful of these scientific terms. If you want to describe the 'weather' in a general sense, you use 날씨 (nal-ssi), but if you are describing the 'atmospheric conditions' that cause the weather, you use 대기 상태.

비행기가 대기권을 통과하고 있습니다. (The airplane is passing through the atmospheric layer.)

Summary Table

Word	English	Best Use Case
대기	Atmosphere	Pollution, Science, Planets
공기	Air	Breathing, Indoors, Freshness
분위기	Mood	Social vibes, Feelings
날씨	Weather	Daily rain/sun/snow

지구의 기권은 여러 층으로 나뉩니다. (The Earth's atmosphere is divided into several layers.)

오늘 날씨가 참 좋네요! (The weather is really nice today!)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character 氣 (기) is the same 'Qi' or 'Chi' found in martial arts and traditional medicine, referring to vital energy. In '대기', it refers to the physical energy of the air.

発音ガイド

UK /tɛ.ɡi/

US /de.ɡi/

The stress is even on both syllables, as is typical in Korean.

韻が合う語

내기 (naegi - bet) 세기 (segi - century) 모기 (mogi - mosquito) 고기 (gogi - meat) 아기 (agi - baby) 자기 (jagi - self) 전기 (jeongi - electricity) 공기 (gonggi - air)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ae' as 'ah' (da-gi).
Aspirating the 'k' sound in 'gi' too much (dae-kki).
Confusing the pitch with the homonym 'waiting'.
Merging the two syllables into one.
Using a hard English 'D' sound instead of the Korean 'ㄷ'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in text, but can be confused with its homonym.

ライティング 4/5

Requires knowledge of Sino-Korean compounds to use naturally in essays.

スピーキング 3/5

Simple pronunciation, but must be used in the correct context.

リスニング 3/5

Common in news, but must distinguish from 'waiting' by context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

공기 (Air) 하늘 (Sky) 지구 (Earth) 가스 (Gas) 나쁘다 (To be bad)

次に学ぶ

오염 (Pollution) 환경 (Environment) 기후 (Climate) 온난화 (Warming) 성분 (Component)

上級

대기권 (Atmosphere layer) 복사 평형 (Radiative equilibrium) 난류 (Turbulence) 이산화탄소 (Carbon dioxide) 미세먼지 (Fine dust)

知っておくべき文法

Compound Nouns (Sino-Korean)

대기 + 오염 = 대기 오염 (Air pollution)

Causative Verbs (-시키다)

대기를 오염시키다 (To pollute the atmosphere)

Passive Voice (-되다)

대기가 오염되다 (The atmosphere is polluted)

Noun + 중 (In the middle of/Inside)

대기 중의 산소 (Oxygen in the atmosphere)

Formal Cause (-로 인해)

대기 오염으로 인해 건강이 나빠지다 (Health worsens due to air pollution)

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レベル別の例文

지구에는 대기가 있어요.

The Earth has an atmosphere.

대기 + 가 (subject particle) + 있어요 (exists).

대기는 아주 커요.

The atmosphere is very big.

대기 + 는 (topic particle) + 커요 (is big).

대기 오염은 나빠요.

Air pollution is bad.

대기 오염 (air pollution) is a compound noun.

우리는 대기가 필요해요.

We need the atmosphere.

대기 + 가 (subject particle) + 필요해요 (need).

화성에도 대기가 있나요?

Does Mars also have an atmosphere?

화성 (Mars) + 에도 (also in) + 대기 + 가 (subject particle).

대기는 공기예요.

The atmosphere is air.

대기 + 는 (topic particle) + 공기 (air) + 예요 (is).

대기가 깨끗해요.

The atmosphere is clean.

대기 + 가 (subject particle) + 깨끗해요 (is clean).

대기를 사랑해요.

I love the atmosphere.

대기 + 를 (object particle) + 사랑해요 (love).

오늘 대기 질이 정말 안 좋아요.

The air quality is really not good today.

대기 질 (air quality) is used to describe how clean the air is.

대기 오염 때문에 마스크를 써요.

I wear a mask because of air pollution.

때문에 (because of) is used with the noun 대기 오염.

대기가 건조해서 불이 나기 쉬워요.

Because the atmosphere is dry, it's easy for fires to start.

-아서/어서 (because) connects the state of the atmosphere to the result.

나무는 대기를 깨끗하게 만들어요.

Trees make the atmosphere clean.

깨끗하게 (cleanly/to be clean) + 만들어요 (make).

대기 중에는 산소가 있습니다.

There is oxygen in the atmosphere.

대기 중 (in the atmosphere) + 에 (location particle).

뉴스를 통해 대기 상태를 확인해요.

I check the atmospheric condition through the news.

통해 (through/via) is used with the noun 뉴스.

대기가 오염되면 아플 수 있어요.

If the atmosphere is polluted, you can get sick.

-면 (if) expresses a condition.

우주에는 대기가 거의 없어요.

There is almost no atmosphere in space.

거의 (almost) + 없어요 (doesn't exist).

대기 오염을 줄이기 위해 자전거를 탑시다.

Let's ride bicycles to reduce air pollution.

-기 위해 (in order to) is used with the verb 줄이다 (to reduce).

지구 온난화로 인해 대기 온도가 상승하고 있습니다.

Atmospheric temperatures are rising due to global warming.

-로 인해 (due to) is a formal way to express cause.

대기권은 지구를 해로운 광선으로부터 보호합니다.

The atmosphere protects the Earth from harmful rays.

보호하다 (to protect) + 로부터 (from).

공장의 매연이 대기를 심각하게 오염시키고 있습니다.

Smoke from factories is seriously polluting the atmosphere.

오염시키다 (to pollute/to make polluted) is the causative form.

대기 중의 미세먼지 농도가 기준치를 초과했습니다.

The concentration of fine dust in the atmosphere has exceeded the standard level.

초과하다 (to exceed) is a common B1-level verb.

정부는 대기 질 개선을 위한 정책을 마련했습니다.

The government has prepared policies for improving air quality.

마련하다 (to prepare/to arrange) is used for policies or plans.

대기가 불안정하여 갑작스러운 소나기가 내릴 수 있습니다.

Because the atmosphere is unstable, sudden showers may fall.

불안정하다 (to be unstable) is often used for weather conditions.

태양 에너지는 대기를 통과하면서 일부 흡수됩니다.

Solar energy is partially absorbed while passing through the atmosphere.

-면서 (while) + 흡수되다 (to be absorbed).

대기 오염 물질의 배출을 엄격히 규제해야 합니다.

The emission of atmospheric pollutants must be strictly regulated.

규제해야 한다 (must regulate) + 엄격히 (strictly).

대기 정체 현상으로 인해 미세먼지가 흩어지지 않고 있습니다.

Due to atmospheric stagnation, fine dust is not dispersing.

대기 정체 (atmospheric stagnation) is a technical term.

이산화탄소는 대기 중에서 열을 가두는 역할을 합니다.

Carbon dioxide plays a role in trapping heat in the atmosphere.

역할을 하다 (to play a role) is a very common B2 expression.

대기 대순환은 지구 전체의 기온을 조절하는 중요한 시스템입니다.

Global atmospheric circulation is an important system that regulates the Earth's temperature.

조절하는 (regulating) is a modifier for the noun 시스템.

과학자들은 대기 성분을 분석하여 과거의 기후를 연구합니다.

Scientists analyze atmospheric components to study past climates.

분석하여 (by analyzing) shows the method of research.

대기 오염은 호흡기 질환을 유발하는 주요 원인 중 하나입니다.

Air pollution is one of the main causes that trigger respiratory diseases.

유발하다 (to cause/trigger) is a high-level synonym for 원인이 되다.

신재생 에너지의 사용은 대기 환경을 보호하는 데 기여합니다.

The use of renewable energy contributes to protecting the atmospheric environment.

기여하다 (to contribute) is used with the particle -에.

대기압의 변화는 날씨의 변화를 예측하는 중요한 지표입니다.

Changes in atmospheric pressure are important indicators for predicting weather changes.

지표 (indicator/index) is an academic term.

대기 중의 온실가스 농도가 산업화 이전보다 훨씬 높아졌습니다.

The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has become much higher than before industrialization.

산업화 (industrialization) + 이전 (before) + 보다 (than).

대기 확산이 원활하지 못하면 오염 물질이 지표면 근처에 머물게 됩니다.

If atmospheric diffusion is not smooth, pollutants end up staying near the Earth's surface.

-게 되다 (to end up/to become) expresses a result.

성층권의 오존층은 대기권에서 자외선을 차단하는 핵심적인 역할을 수행합니다.

The ozone layer in the stratosphere performs a key role in blocking ultraviolet rays in the atmosphere.

수행하다 (to perform/carry out) is a formal verb for 'to do'.

대기 오염 총량제는 지역별로 배출할 수 있는 오염 물질의 양을 제한하는 제도입니다.

The Total Air Pollution Load Management System is a system that limits the amount of pollutants that can be emitted by region.

제한하는 (limiting) is a relative clause modifying 제도 (system).

화석 연료의 연소는 대기 중으로 막대한 양의 탄소를 방출합니다.

The combustion of fossil fuels releases massive amounts of carbon into the atmosphere.

막대한 (massive/enormous) is a C1-level adjective.

대기 역학을 이해하는 것은 기후 모델링의 정확도를 높이는 데 필수적입니다.

Understanding atmospheric dynamics is essential for increasing the accuracy of climate modeling.

필수적이다 (to be essential) is a common academic predicate.

대기 오염은 국경을 초월하는 문제이므로 국제적인 협력이 절실히 요구됩니다.

Since air pollution is a problem that transcends borders, international cooperation is urgently required.

초월하다 (to transcend) + 절실히 (urgently/desperately).

대기의 조성은 지구의 역사 동안 생명체의 활동에 의해 끊임없이 변화해 왔습니다.

The composition of the atmosphere has constantly changed throughout Earth's history due to the activities of living organisms.

-에 의해 (by/due to) + 변화해 왔다 (has been changing).

대기권의 열적 구조는 고도에 따른 복사 평형의 결과로 형성됩니다.

The thermal structure of the atmosphere is formed as a result of radiative equilibrium according to altitude.

복사 평형 (radiative equilibrium) is a highly specialized scientific term.

대기 중 미량 기체들의 상호작용은 지구의 기후 시스템에 복합적인 영향을 미칩니다.

The interactions of trace gases in the atmosphere have complex effects on the Earth's climate system.

미량 기체 (trace gas) and 복합적인 (complex) are C2-level vocabulary.

대기 오염의 외부 효과를 내부화하기 위해 탄소세 도입이 논의되고 있습니다.

The introduction of a carbon tax is being discussed to internalize the external effects of air pollution.

내부화하다 (to internalize) is an economics term used in environmental contexts.

에어로졸은 대기 중에서 태양 복사를 산란시키거나 흡수하여 기온 변화에 관여합니다.

Aerosols involve themselves in temperature changes by scattering or absorbing solar radiation in the atmosphere.

산란시키다 (to scatter) and 관여하다 (to be involved/concerned with).

대기 경계층 내의 난류 수송은 지표면과 자유 대기 사이의 에너지 교환을 주도합니다.

Turbulent transport within the atmospheric boundary layer drives the energy exchange between the Earth's surface and the free atmosphere.

난류 수송 (turbulent transport) is a specialized term in fluid dynamics/meteorology.

대기 오염 물질의 장거리 수송은 동북아시아 지역의 외교적 현안으로 부상했습니다.

The long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants has emerged as a diplomatic issue in the Northeast Asian region.

현안 (pending issue) and 부상하다 (to emerge/rise).

대기권 재진입 시 발생하는 마찰열은 우주선 설계에서 극복해야 할 핵심 과제입니다.

The frictional heat generated during atmospheric reentry is a key challenge to overcome in spacecraft design.

재진입 (reentry) and 극복해야 할 (that must be overcome).

대기의 광학적 두께는 구름의 입자 크기와 밀도에 따라 결정됩니다.

The optical thickness of the atmosphere is determined by the particle size and density of clouds.

광학적 두께 (optical thickness) is a term used in atmospheric physics.

類義語

공기 분위기

よく使う組み合わせ

대기 오염

대기 질

대기 상태

대기권 재진입

대기 중

대기압

대기 오염 물질

대기 정체

대기 대순환

대기 성분

よく使うフレーズ

대기 오염을 줄이다

— To reduce air pollution. Used in environmental campaigns.

우리는 대기 오염을 줄이기 위해 노력해야 합니다.

대기 질이 나쁘다

— The air quality is bad. Common in daily weather reports.

오늘은 대기 질이 나쁘니 외출을 자제하세요.

대기 중에 방출하다

— To emit into the atmosphere. Used for factory smoke or gases.

공장은 매연을 대기 중에 방출했습니다.

대기가 불안정하다

— The atmosphere is unstable. Used to predict rain or storms.

대기가 불안정해서 소나기가 올 것 같아요.

대기권에 진입하다

— To enter the atmosphere. Used for spacecraft or meteors.

혜성이 지구 대기권에 진입했습니다.

대기 오염의 주범

— The main culprit of air pollution. Used in news articles.

자동차 배기가스는 대기 오염의 주범입니다.

대기 환경을 개선하다

— To improve the atmospheric environment. Used in policy discussions.

정부는 대기 환경을 개선하기 위해 힘쓰고 있습니다.

대기 중의 산소 농도

— Oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. Scientific phrase.

대기 중의 산소 농도는 약 21%입니다.

대기 오염 측정소

— Air pollution monitoring station. A physical location.

집 근처에 대기 오염 측정소가 있습니다.

대기 정체 현상

— Atmospheric stagnation phenomenon. Explains why smog stays.

대기 정체 현상 때문에 공기가 맑아지지 않아요.

よく混同される語

대기 vs 대기 (待機)

Means 'waiting' or 'standby'. This is the most common confusion.

대기 vs 공기 (空氣)

Means 'air'. Use this for breathing or small spaces.

대기 vs 분위기 (雰圍氣)

Means 'mood' or 'vibe'. Never use '대기' for this.

慣用句と表現

"대기 만성 (大器晩成)"

— Great talents mature late. Note: This uses a different '대기' (Great Vessel), but it is a very famous idiom.

그는 대기만성형 인물이다.

Literary

"대기에 맡기다"

— To leave it to the atmosphere/heavens. (Rare, usually '하늘에 맡기다' is used).

결과는 대기에 맡기고 최선을 다하자.

Poetic

"대기를 가르다"

— To cut through the atmosphere. Used for fast planes or birds.

전투기가 대기를 가르며 날아갔다.

Literary

"대기를 정화하다"

— To purify the atmosphere. Used for environmental efforts.

숲은 대기를 정화하는 허파와 같습니다.

Formal

"대기가 얼어붙다"

— The atmosphere freezes. Used to describe extreme cold or a tense mood (figuratively).

그의 말 한마디에 대기가 얼어붙었다.

Literary

"대기를 뒤흔들다"

— To shake the atmosphere. Used for loud noises or big events.

함성 소리가 대기를 뒤흔들었다.

Dramatic

"대기에 녹아들다"

— To dissolve into the atmosphere. Used for smells or gases.

향기가 대기에 은은하게 녹아들었다.

Poetic

"대기를 품다"

— To embrace the atmosphere. (Very poetic).

산은 대기를 품고 고요히 서 있다.

Poetic

"대기의 기운"

— The energy of the atmosphere.

대기의 기운이 심상치 않다.

Formal

"대기를 오염시키는 행위"

— Acts that pollute the atmosphere. Legalistic phrase.

대기를 오염시키는 행위는 처벌받을 수 있습니다.

Legal

間違えやすい

대기 vs 대기

Homonym

One means atmosphere (大氣), the other means waiting (待機). They look and sound identical in Hangeul.

식당에서 대기(waiting) 중인데 대기(atmosphere) 오염이 심하네요.

대기 vs 공기

Similar meaning

공기 is the physical air we breathe. 대기 is the scientific layer of gases around a planet.

공기를 마시다 (Breathe air) vs 대기를 연구하다 (Study the atmosphere).

대기 vs 분위기

English translation

English uses 'atmosphere' for both gas and mood. Korean uses '대기' for gas and '분위기' for mood.

카페 분위기 (Cafe mood) vs 지구 대기 (Earth atmosphere).

대기 vs 날씨

Related context

날씨 is the daily weather (rain, sun). 대기 is the state of the air that causes weather.

날씨가 덥다 (Weather is hot) vs 대기가 불안정하다 (Atmosphere is unstable).

대기 vs 하늘

Visual association

하늘 is the sky you see. 대기 is the invisible gas that makes up the sky.

하늘을 보다 (Look at the sky) vs 대기를 통과하다 (Pass through the atmosphere).

文型パターン

지구에는 [Noun]이/가 있어요.

지구에는 대기가 있어요.

오늘 [Noun]이/가 나빠요.

오늘 대기 질이 나빠요.

[Noun]을/를 보호해야 합니다.

대기를 보호해야 합니다.

[Noun] 중의 [Noun]

대기 중의 미세먼지

[Noun]으로 인해 [Result]

대기 오염으로 인해 병이 생깁니다.

[Noun]을/를 규제하다

대기 오염 물질을 규제하다.

[Noun]은/는 [Noun]에 필수적이다.

대기는 생명체에 필수적이다.

[Noun]에 따른 [Noun]의 변화

고도에 따른 대기압의 변화

語族

名詞

대기권 (Atmospheric layer)

대기압 (Atmospheric pressure)

대기학 (Meteorology)

대기오염 (Air pollution)

대기질 (Air quality)

動詞

대기하다 (To wait - *Homonym*)

오염시키다 (To pollute - *Related action*)

정화하다 (To purify - *Related action*)

形容詞

대기적인 (Atmospheric)

탁하다 (Stuffy/Cloudy - *Used for air quality*)

쾌적하다 (Pleasant - *Used for air quality*)

使い方

frequency

Common in news, science, and environmental discussions.

よくある間違い

Using '대기' for 'mood'. → 분위기
In English, 'atmosphere' can mean mood. In Korean, '대기' only means the literal gas layer.
Using '공기' in scientific contexts. → 대기
While '공기' is air, '대기' is the professional term for the atmosphere on a planetary scale.
Confusing '대기' (atmosphere) with '대기' (waiting). → Check context
These are homonyms. '대기실' is a waiting room, not an atmosphere room.
Saying '대기 마시다'. → 공기를 마시다
You breathe '공기' (air), you don't breathe the '대기' (atmosphere) as a whole.
Misspelling '대기' as '데기'. → 대기
The 'ae' (ㅐ) and 'e' (ㅔ) sounds are similar, but '대기' always uses 'ㅐ'.

ヒント

Learn as a Block

Don't just learn '대기'. Learn '대기 오염' and '대기 질' together, as they are used much more frequently than the word alone.

Scale Matters

Use '대기' for the planet and '공기' for the room. This simple rule will help you sound much more natural.

TOPIK Writing

Using '대기' in the TOPIK II writing section (especially for environmental prompts) will show the graders you have intermediate/advanced vocabulary.

News Watching

Watch the weather forecast on Korean TV. You will hear '대기' almost every day, which is great for listening practice.

Avoid Vibe Confusion

Always use '분위기' for mood. If you use '대기', Koreans might think you are a scientist or that you are waiting for something.

Particle Usage

Remember '대기 중' (in the atmosphere). It's a very common pattern for describing things like dust or gases.

Fine Dust Concern

Understand that '대기' is often a negative topic in Korea due to pollution. Using it shows you understand local concerns.

Planetary Terms

If you like space, '대기' is essential. You'll need it to talk about Mars, Venus, or exoplanets.

Big Gas

Remember 'Dae' (Big) and 'Gi' (Gas). It's the simplest way to keep the meaning in your head.

Double Check

Always check if '대기' means 'waiting' in your current context. If there's a line of people, it's waiting!

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Dae' as 'Big' (like Daewoo or Daehan) and 'Gi' as 'Gas'. The atmosphere is the 'Big Gas' around the Earth.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant (Dae) bubble of gas (Gi) surrounding the blue Earth.

Word Web

지구 (Earth) 오염 (Pollution) 산소 (Oxygen) 하늘 (Sky) 미세먼지 (Fine dust) 날씨 (Weather) 우주 (Space) 기압 (Pressure)

チャレンジ

Try to find the word '대기' in a Korean news headline today. If you find it, check if it means 'atmosphere' or 'waiting'!

語源

Sino-Korean origin. Derived from the Hanja characters 大 (대) and 氣 (기).

元の意味：大 (Big/Great) + 氣 (Air/Energy/Spirit). Literally 'Great Air'.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based Korean vocabulary).

文化的な背景

When discussing '대기 오염' (air pollution) in Korea, be aware that it can be a sensitive political topic, especially regarding its sources from neighboring countries.

English speakers often use 'atmosphere' to mean 'vibe', but in Korean, you must use '분위기'. Using '대기' for a vibe is a common and funny mistake for beginners.

The Korean Ministry of Environment (환경부) frequently uses '대기' in its slogans. Documentaries like 'KBS Special' often feature episodes on '대기 오염'. K-Pop songs occasionally use '대기' in a poetic sense to describe the space between lovers.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Weather Forecast

대기 질 정보
대기 상태 불안정
대기 정체 현상
미세먼지 농도

Environmental Science

대기 오염 물질
대기권 보호
대기 성분 분석
온실가스 배출

Space Exploration

대기권 재진입
행성의 대기
희박한 대기
대기압 측정

Public Health

대기 오염과 건강
호흡기 질환
마스크 착용 권고
실외 활동 자제

Government Policy

대기환경보전법
배출가스 규제
비상저감조치
친환경 정책

会話のきっかけ

"오늘 대기 질이 어떤지 확인해 보셨어요?"

"대기 오염을 줄이기 위해 우리가 할 수 있는 일은 무엇일까요?"

"화성에도 지구처럼 대기가 있을까요?"

"한국은 봄마다 대기 상태가 안 좋아지는 것 같아요."

"대기 오염 때문에 마스크를 쓰는 게 이제 익숙해졌어요."

日記のテーマ

오늘의 대기 상태를 묘사하고 당신의 기분에 어떤 영향을 주었는지 써 보세요.

대기 오염을 해결하기 위한 정부의 정책에 대해 당신의 생각을 적어 보세요.

미래의 지구 대기는 지금과 어떻게 다를지 상상해서 써 보세요.

환경 보호를 위해 대기를 깨끗하게 유지하는 것이 왜 중요한지 설명해 보세요.

다른 행성의 대기에서 살 수 있다면 어떤 느낌일지 일기를 써 보세요.

よくある質問

10 問

No, it also commonly means 'waiting' or 'standby'. You must use context to tell the difference. For example, '대기실' is a waiting room, not an atmosphere room.

No, that would be '분위기'. Using '대기' would make people think you are talking about the oxygen levels at the party.

'공기' is the air you breathe in a room or outside. '대기' is the formal, scientific term for the Earth's gaseous layer.

Yes, but mostly when talking about '대기 질' (air quality) or '대기 오염' (air pollution), which are very common topics in Korea.

You say '대기 오염' (dae-gi o-yeom). It is a very common compound noun.

It means 'atmospheric layer'. It is used when talking about space, satellites, or the different layers of the air.

Yes, it comes from the Chinese characters 大 (big) and 氣 (air/energy).

IELTS often covers environmental topics. Knowing '대기' allows you to discuss air pollution and climate change accurately in Korean.

The homonym '대기하다' means 'to wait'. However, the 'atmosphere' meaning is only used as a noun.

Common verbs include '오염되다' (to be polluted), '보호하다' (to protect), and '분석하다' (to analyze).

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