このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 adjective 11分で読める

drobny

練習する例文メモとヒント drobny 30秒で

解説 drobny in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'drobny' primarily in two contexts: physical size and money. Think of it as a more specific version of 'mały' (small). You will most often encounter it when someone is talking about 'drobne pieniądze' (small money/coins). Imagine you are at a Polish 'żabka' (convenience store) and you want to pay with a large bill. The cashier might ask if you have 'drobne'. At this stage, just remember that 'drobne' (plural) means coins. You might also use it to describe something very small that you can see, like 'drobny piasek' (fine sand) on a beach. Grammatically, just focus on the basic forms: drobny (masculine), drobna (feminine), and drobne (plural/neuter). It is a helpful word to know for basic shopping and describing nature. Don't worry about the abstract meanings yet; just focus on the physical things you can touch, like sand, salt, or coins in your pocket. It helps you distinguish between something that is just 'small' and something that is 'fine' or 'fragmented'.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you can start using 'drobny' to describe people and simple situations. You should know that 'drobna kobieta' means a petite or slender woman. This is a common way to describe appearance in Polish. You will also start to see 'drobny' used with simple abstract nouns, like 'drobny błąd' (a small mistake) or 'drobny problem' (a small problem). In your daily life, you might use it when cooking – for example, 'drobna sól' (fine salt). You should also be comfortable with the plural form 'drobne' in various cases, especially the genitive 'nie mam drobnych' (I don't have change). This is a very common phrase. At this level, you are moving beyond just 'coins' and starting to use the word as a descriptive adjective for physical traits and minor inconveniences. You are learning that 'drobny' is a more 'elegant' or 'precise' way to say 'mały' when things are thin, slight, or unimportant. It's a great word to add to your descriptive vocabulary for people and everyday objects.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B1 level, you are expected to understand the nuance of 'drobny' compared to other words like 'mały' or 'niewielki'. You should be able to use it in professional or slightly more formal settings. For example, 'drobna usługa' (a small favor) or 'drobna zmiana' (a slight change). You will also encounter 'drobny druk' (fine print) in contracts or advertisements, which is an important practical phrase. At this level, you should master the full declension of the word. You should know when to use the masculine personal plural 'drobni' (e.g., 'drobni przedsiębiorcy' – small-scale entrepreneurs) versus the non-masculine 'drobne'. You are also starting to see how 'drobny' fits into common expressions and idioms. It becomes a tool for 'mitigation' – a way to make a request or a criticism sound less aggressive. Instead of saying 'Mam problem', you might say 'Mam drobne pytanie' (I have a small question), which sounds much more polite and less demanding. This level is about using the word to navigate social situations with more grace and precision.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with the more abstract and idiomatic uses of 'drobny'. You will encounter it in legal and news contexts, such as 'drobne kradzieże' (petty thefts) or 'drobne wykroczenia' (minor offenses). You should understand how it functions in literature to describe atmosphere, like 'drobny deszcz' (fine rain) creating a specific mood. You can also use it to describe complex textures or patterns, such as 'drobny wzór na sukience' (a fine/small pattern on a dress). At this stage, you should also be aware of related words like the noun 'drobiazg' (a trifle/small thing) and the adverb 'drobno' (finely). You should be able to explain the difference between 'drobny' and its synonyms like 'nieznaczny' or 'bagatelny'. You are using the word to provide detailed descriptions and to express subtle differences in scale or importance. Your vocabulary is becoming more specialized, and 'drobny' is a key part of that, especially in how it relates to social class (drobnomieszczaństwo) or economic scales (drobny handel).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you use 'drobny' with high precision and stylistic awareness. You understand its role in creating 'subtext'. For instance, using 'drobny' to describe a person might imply not just their size, but a certain fragility or elegance depending on the context. You are familiar with more obscure collocations and literary uses. You might encounter it in academic texts discussing 'drobne ustroje' (microorganisms - though 'mikroorganizmy' is more common, 'drobne' is used descriptively) or 'drobna szlachta' (petty gentry) in a historical context. Your use of the word in professional writing is flawless, knowing exactly when 'drobny' is the more appropriate choice over 'marginalny' or 'znikomy'. You also understand the cultural weight of the word in Polish history and sociology. At this level, you can use the word to play with irony or emphasis, such as calling a massive problem a 'drobne nieporozumienie' to be sarcastic. You have a deep feel for the 'granularity' that the word 'drobny' suggests and can apply it to complex systems, theories, or artistic descriptions.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, 'drobny' is a word you use with the mastery of a native speaker, including all its subtle connotations and historical echoes. You can appreciate and use it in highly sophisticated literary contexts, where it might describe the 'drobne drgnienie duszy' (a slight tremor of the soul). You understand how it has been used by Polish poets and novelists to evoke specific imagery. In technical or scientific Polish, you know its specific applications in fields like geology (drobnoziarnisty - fine-grained) or biology. You are also fully aware of its sociopolitical history, such as the nuances of 'drobnomieszczański' as a critique of a certain lifestyle or mindset. You can navigate the most complex grammatical structures involving this adjective without a second thought. For you, 'drobny' is not just a word for 'small'; it is a versatile brushstroke used to paint detailed pictures of reality, whether you are writing a legal brief, a scientific paper, or a piece of creative fiction. You know every idiom, every proverb, and every possible synonym, choosing 'drobny' only when its specific sense of 'fineness' and 'fragmentation' is exactly what is needed.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

drobny 30秒で

Drobny is a Polish adjective meaning small, fine, or minor, used for physical textures, slight builds, and insignificant issues.
In the plural form 'drobne', it specifically refers to coins or small change in a financial context, which is very common in shops.
It differs from 'mały' by implying a sense of granularity or being composed of small parts, like fine rain or sand.
Grammatically, it follows standard adjective declension, with 'drobni' used for masculine personal plural and 'drobne' for others.

The Polish adjective drobny is a versatile and essential word that every learner at the B1 level and above must master. At its core, it translates to 'small', 'fine', or 'minor', but its utility stretches far beyond simple dimensions. Unlike the generic word mały, which simply denotes size, drobny often implies a sense of detail, fragmentation, or insignificance in a specific context. It describes things that are made of many small parts, things that are physically delicate, or issues that do not carry much weight.

Physical Texture and Size: When describing materials, drobny refers to substances composed of very small particles. For instance, drobny piasek (fine sand) or drobny deszcz (fine rain/drizzle) suggests a texture that is almost powdery or misty rather than chunky or heavy. It is the go-to word for anything granulated or finely chopped in the kitchen, such as drobno posiekana cebula (finely chopped onion).
Human Physique: In the context of describing people, drobny is used to describe a petite or slight build. It is generally a neutral or even complimentary term. If you say a woman is drobnej budowy ciała, you are saying she is small-boned or slender, which is quite different from calling someone mały (short/small in a general sense).
Financial Context (Coins/Change): One of the most practical uses is in the plural form drobne. In a shop, if a cashier asks, 'Czy ma pan drobne?', they are asking if you have small change or coins. It distinguishes coins from banknotes (grube pieniądze or banknoty). Using this correctly marks you as a natural speaker.

Muszę iść do sklepu rozmienić banknot, bo mam same drobne w portfelu, a potrzebuję banknotu na prezent.

Translation: I have to go to the shop to break a bill, because I only have small change in my wallet, and I need a bill for a gift.

Furthermore, drobny is extensively used for abstract concepts. A drobny błąd is a minor mistake that doesn't ruin the whole project. A drobna usługa is a small favor that doesn't require much effort. In legal terms, drobna kradzież refers to petty theft. It effectively minimizes the scale or importance of the noun it modifies, making it an essential tool for nuanced communication in Polish society, where precision in describing the magnitude of an event is highly valued.

Nie martw się tym, to tylko drobny szczegół, który nie wpłynie na końcowy wynik naszej pracy.

Translation: Don't worry about it, it's just a minor detail that won't affect the final result of our work.

In summary, whether you are talking about the texture of the soil in your garden, the coins in your pocket, or the insignificance of a social faux pas, drobny provides the necessary shade of meaning. It captures the 'smallness' of things that are part of a larger whole or things that are delicate in nature.

Using drobny correctly requires attention to gender, number, and case, as it is a standard Polish adjective. Because it ends in -y, it follows the hard-stem adjective declension pattern. When you are constructing sentences, the most important thing is to match the adjective to the noun's grammatical features. Let's look at how this functions across different contexts.

Gender Agreement

Masculine: drobny błąd (a minor mistake)
Feminine: drobna zmiana (a small change)
Neuter: drobne dziecko (a small/slight child - though 'małe' is more common for age)

Plural Nuances

In the plural, you must distinguish between drobni (masculine personal - for groups of men or mixed groups) and drobne (non-masculine personal - for women, animals, and inanimate objects). For example, drobni handlarze (small-scale traders) vs drobne wydatki (small expenses).

Zauważyłem drobną różnicę w kolorze tych dwóch ścian, ale nikt inny jej nie widzi.

Translation: I noticed a slight difference in the color of these two walls, but nobody else sees it.

When using the word as a noun (substantivized adjective) to mean 'change' or 'coins', it always appears in the non-masculine plural form: drobne. You will hear this constantly in retail environments. For example, 'Nie mam drobnych' (I don't have change/coins) uses the genitive plural because of the negation. Mastering this specific case usage is a hallmark of B1 proficiency.

Czy mógłby pan rozmienić mi dziesięć złotych na drobne?

Translation: Could you break ten zlotys into change for me?

In descriptive writing, drobny often pairs with adverbs like bardzo (very) or wyjątkowo (exceptionally) to emphasize the smallness. For instance, bardzo drobny druk (very fine print) is something you might find at the bottom of a contract. Using it in this way helps you describe things that are difficult to see or require close attention.

Finally, consider the word drobiazg (a trifle/small thing), which is the noun form related to drobny. You will often hear 'To drobiazg!' as a response to a thank you, meaning 'It's nothing!' or 'No problem!'. Understanding the connection between the adjective drobny and the noun drobiazg will significantly expand your descriptive range.

You will encounter drobny in a variety of everyday Polish settings, from the mundane to the professional. Its frequency in spoken Polish is high because it serves as a polite way to downplay issues or a precise way to describe physical textures. Let's explore the most common environments where this word pops up.

At the Grocery Store (Sklep Spożywczy): This is perhaps the most common place to hear the word. Cashiers in Poland often struggle with having enough coins in the till. You will frequently hear: 'Będę winna grosika' (I'll owe you a penny) or more directly, 'Ma pan może drobne?'. If you respond with 'Niestety, nie mam drobnych', you are communicating perfectly in a real-world scenario.
Weather Forecasts (Prognoza Pogody): Meteorologists use drobny to describe specific types of precipitation. Drobny deszcz or drobny śnieg refers to light, misty rain or very fine snowflakes. It conveys a different atmospheric feeling than a heavy downpour (ulewa).

Przez cały dzień padał drobny deszcz, więc spacer nie był zbyt przyjemny.

Translation: A fine rain fell all day, so the walk wasn't very pleasant.

In the workplace, drobny is a 'mitigator'. When a boss or colleague wants to give feedback without being too harsh, they might start with: 'Mam tylko jedną drobną uwagę' (I have just one minor comment). This softens the blow of criticism. Similarly, in contracts or formal documents, drobny druk (fine print) is a common phrase used to warn people about the hidden details that might be important.

Zawsze czytaj drobny druk przed podpisaniem jakiejkolwiek umowy kredytowej.

Translation: Always read the fine print before signing any credit agreement.

You will also hear it in the news or police reports. Drobne kradzieże (petty thefts) or drobne wykroczenia (minor offenses) are terms used to describe low-level criminal activity. In the social sphere, drobnomieszczaństwo is a sociological term for the petty bourgeoisie, though this is more academic or historical.

Finally, in the kitchen or at a restaurant, you might hear about drobna kasza (fine groats like couscous or manna) as opposed to gruba kasza (like buckwheat). This distinction is vital for following recipes or ordering food that matches your texture preferences. As you can see, drobny is woven into the fabric of daily life, from the money you spend to the weather you experience and the food you eat.

Even for intermediate learners, the word drobny can lead to some characteristic errors. Most of these mistakes stem from direct translation from English or from confusing drobny with its close synonym mały. Understanding these pitfalls will help you sound more like a native speaker.

Confusing 'Drobny' with 'Mały': While both mean 'small', they are not always interchangeable. Mały is about overall dimensions (a small house, a small dog). Drobny is about the smallness of components or the slightness of a build. You wouldn't say 'drobny dom' unless you meant a house built of tiny pieces; you should say mały dom. Conversely, małe pieniądze means 'not much money', while drobne pieniądze specifically means 'coins/change'.
Incorrect Plural for People: When describing a group of petite people, learners often forget the virile (masculine personal) plural form. It should be drobni mężczyźni, not drobne mężczyźni. The form drobne is only for feminine, neuter, or non-human masculine nouns.

BŁĄD: Mam małe w kieszeni.
POPRAWNIE: Mam drobne w kieszeni.

Correction: You cannot use 'małe' to mean 'change/coins'.

Another common error involves the word drobiazgowy. While drobny means small, drobiazgowy means 'meticulous' or 'overly detailed'. Learners sometimes use drobny when they want to describe someone who is very attentive to details. For example, 'On jest drobny' means 'He is slightly built', but 'On jest drobiazgowy' means 'He is very thorough/pedantic'.

To nie jest drobny problem, to jest poważna sprawa, której nie możemy zignorować.

Context: Using 'drobny' correctly to contrast with 'poważny' (serious).

Finally, watch out for the phrase drobne pismo. While in English we say 'small handwriting', in Polish, drobne pismo is perfectly acceptable and common. However, some learners try to use małe pismo, which sounds slightly less natural. Similarly, for 'fine print' in documents, always use drobny druk. Using mały druk will be understood, but it lacks the idiomatic precision of drobny.

By paying attention to these distinctions—especially the 'coins' vs 'amount' difference and the 'physical build' vs 'stature' difference—you will avoid the most frequent mistakes made by English speakers learning Polish.

To truly master Polish, you need to know when to use drobny and when to reach for a synonym that might carry a more specific nuance. Polish is rich in adjectives describing size and importance. Let's compare drobny with its closest relatives.

Drobny vs. Mały: As discussed, mały is the general term for 'small'. If a box is small, it's małe pudełko. If the box is made of tiny, intricate particles or if the pattern on it is very fine, it's drobny wzór. Mały refers to the whole; drobny often refers to the parts or the texture.
Drobny vs. Niewielki: Niewielki (literally 'not large') is a more formal or polite way to say 'small'. It is often used for distances, amounts, or sizes where you want to sound more objective. Niewielka odległość (a short distance) sounds more professional than mała odległość. Drobny is more descriptive of the nature of the smallness.
Drobny vs. Filigranowy: When describing a person's build or a piece of jewelry, filigranowy (filigree/dainty) is a much stronger and more poetic version of drobny. It implies elegance, intricate detail, and extreme delicacy. A 'drobna kobieta' is petite; a 'filigranowa kobieta' is daintily small and often very graceful.

Chociaż błąd był nieznaczny, jego konsekwencje okazały się ogromne.

Alternative: 'Nieznaczny' (insignificant/slight) is a great synonym for 'drobny' when talking about amounts or differences.

For abstract things like mistakes or problems, you can also use błahy (trivial). While a drobny problem is just small, a błahy problem is so small it's almost not worth mentioning. If you want to emphasize that something is secondary in importance, use drugorzędny (secondary/minor).

To są tylko detaliczne różnice, których większość ludzi nawet nie zauważy.

Alternative: 'Detaliczny' (detailed/retail) can sometimes replace 'drobny' when referring to very specific, small points.

In summary, while drobny is your 'workhorse' word for fine textures, coins, and minor issues, using niewielki for formal contexts, filigranowy for beauty, and błahy for triviality will make your Polish sound much more sophisticated and precise.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"Wystąpiły drobne nieścisłości w raporcie rocznym."

ニュートラル

"To jest drobny piasek z Bałtyku."

カジュアル

"Masz jakieś drobne na piwo?"

Child friendly

"Zobacz te drobne kwiatuszki na łące!"

スラング

"Nie rozmieniaj się na drobne, stary."

豆知識

The Polish word for poultry, 'drób', shares the same root because chickens and other farm birds were seen as 'small livestock' compared to cows or horses.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈdrɔb.nɨ/

US /ˈdrɔb.ni/

The stress is on the first syllable: DROB-ny.

韻が合う語

osobny nadobny zasobny podatny zdatny okropny pochopny dobry (near rhyme)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'y' like the English 'ee' (drob-nee) instead of the Polish 'y'.
Not rolling the 'r' sufficiently.
Making the 'o' sound like 'oh' instead of a short 'o'.
Forgetting to voice the 'b' clearly before the 'n'.
Adding a vowel between 'b' and 'n'.

難易度

読解 3/5

The word is common, but its abstract meanings in literature require some context.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct adjective-noun agreement across all cases.

スピーキング 3/5

Essential for shopping and polite conversation, but the 'y' sound can be tricky.

リスニング 2/5

Very easy to recognize in the context of money or weather.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

mały pieniądze błąd deszcz ciało

次に学ぶ

drobiazg drobiazgowy nieznaczny rozmieniać błahy

上級

drobnomieszczaństwo drobnoustroje drobnoziarnisty filigranowy znikomy

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

Drobny (M), drobna (F), drobne (N/Non-MP), drobni (MP).

Substantivized Adjectives

Using 'drobne' as a noun to mean coins/change.

Negation with Genitive

Nie mam drobnych (Genitive plural after 'nie mam').

Prepositional Phrases

Rozmienić na drobne (Accusative plural after 'na').

Diminutives

Drobniutki (making the 'smallness' even more emphasized).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Mam drobne pieniądze w kieszeni.

I have small change in my pocket.

Plural form 'drobne' used as a noun for coins.

To jest drobny piasek.

This is fine sand.

Masculine singular adjective matching 'piasek'.

Czy masz drobne?

Do you have change?

Common question in shops.

On jest bardzo drobny.

He is very slightly built.

Describing physique.

Drobny deszcz pada od rana.

A fine rain has been falling since morning.

Describing weather texture.

Lubię drobne kwiaty.

I like small flowers.

Non-masculine plural.

To jest drobna rzecz.

This is a small thing.

Feminine singular.

Kupuję drobne owoce.

I am buying small fruits.

Plural adjective.

Moja siostra jest drobna.

My sister is petite.

Feminine singular for physical description.

Zrobiłem drobny błąd w teście.

I made a minor mistake on the test.

Abstract use for 'minor'.

Potrzebuję drobnej soli do zupy.

I need fine salt for the soup.

Genitive feminine singular after 'potrzebuję'.

To tylko drobny problem.

It's just a minor problem.

Masculine singular.

Ona ma drobne dłonie.

She has small/delicate hands.

Plural adjective describing body parts.

Czy może pan rozmienić sto złotych na drobne?

Can you break a hundred zlotys into change?

Idiomatic phrase 'rozmienić na drobne'.

Drobne ptaki śpiewają w ogrodzie.

Small birds are singing in the garden.

Non-masculine plural.

Mamy drobne opóźnienie.

We have a slight delay.

Common phrase in travel/meetings.

Proszę podpisać tutaj, ale najpierw przeczytaj drobny druk.

Please sign here, but first read the fine print.

Idiomatic 'drobny druk'.

To była tylko drobna usługa, nie musisz mi dziękować.

It was just a small favor, you don't have to thank me.

Mitigating the importance of an action.

W tej okolicy zdarzają się drobne kradzieże.

Petty thefts happen in this neighborhood.

Legal/Social context.

Zauważyłem drobną różnicę w projekcie.

I noticed a slight difference in the project.

Accusative feminine singular.

Drobni przedsiębiorcy mają teraz trudną sytuację.

Small-scale entrepreneurs are in a difficult situation now.

Masculine personal plural 'drobni'.

Używamy drobnej kaszy do tego deseru.

We use fine groats for this dessert.

Culinary context.

To jest drobna, ale ważna zmiana.

This is a small but important change.

Contrast between 'drobna' and 'ważna'.

Drobne naprawy domowe zajmują mu cały weekend.

Minor home repairs take him all weekend.

Plural noun phrase.

Policja zajmuje się głównie drobnymi wykroczeniami w tym parku.

The police mainly deal with minor offenses in this park.

Instrumental plural 'drobnymi'.

Jej drobna sylwetka wyróżniała się w tłumie.

Her slight silhouette stood out in the crowd.

Descriptive literary style.

Nie powinniśmy bagatelizować tych drobnych sygnałów.

We should not downplay these minor signals.

Abstract plural.

Drobnoziarnisty piasek jest idealny do tej zaprawy.

Fine-grained sand is ideal for this mortar.

Compound word 'drobnoziarnisty'.

To są jedynie drobne niedogodności.

These are only minor inconveniences.

Formal plural.

Drobni handlarze sprzedają warzywa na rynku.

Small-scale traders sell vegetables at the market.

Masculine personal plural.

Obraz składa się z tysięcy drobnych punktów.

The painting consists of thousands of tiny dots.

Genitive plural after 'tysięcy'.

Zawsze zwraca uwagę na drobne detale.

He always pays attention to small details.

Emphasis on precision.

Autor posługuje się drobną ironią, by skrytykować system.

The author uses subtle irony to criticize the system.

Instrumental feminine singular.

Drobnomieszczański styl życia był często wyśmiewany w literaturze.

The petty-bourgeois lifestyle was often mocked in literature.

Adjective derived from 'drobny'.

Wystąpiły drobne fluktuacje na giełdzie.

There were minor fluctuations on the stock exchange.

Professional/Economic context.

Jego pismo jest tak drobne, że trudno je odczytać.

His handwriting is so small that it's hard to read.

Describing handwriting.

Analiza wykazała drobne ślady substancji toksycznej.

The analysis showed trace amounts of a toxic substance.

Scientific context.

To tylko drobny incydent, który nie powinien zaważyć na naszej współpracy.

It's just a minor incident that shouldn't affect our cooperation.

Diplomatic language.

Drobna szlachta stanowiła ważną część polskiego społeczeństwa.

The petty gentry constituted an important part of Polish society.

Historical term.

W tekście pojawiły się drobne usterki edytorskie.

Minor editorial glitches appeared in the text.

Technical/Publishing context.

Subtelność jego wywodu opierała się na drobnych niuansach znaczeniowych.

The subtlety of his argument relied on minor nuances of meaning.

Highly abstract use.

Woda drąży skałę drobnymi, ale nieustannymi uderzeniami.

Water erodes the rock with small but constant strikes.

Metaphorical use.

Drobiazgowość badania pozwoliła wykluczyć wszelkie błędy.

The meticulousness of the study allowed for the exclusion of all errors.

Noun 'drobiazgowość' related to 'drobny'.

Jego twarz pokryła siatka drobnych zmarszczek.

His face was covered with a web of fine wrinkles.

Poetic/Descriptive.

Należy zwrócić uwagę na drobne ustroje chorobotwórcze.

Attention should be paid to minor pathogenic organisms.

Archaic/Scientific term for microorganisms.

Drobne gesty często znaczą więcej niż wielkie słowa.

Small gestures often mean more than big words.

Philosophical maxim.

Wprowadzono drobne korekty do statutu stowarzyszenia.

Minor corrections were introduced to the association's statutes.

Formal administrative language.

Drobnoziarnistość struktury materiału wpływa na jego wytrzymałość.

The fine-grained nature of the material's structure affects its strength.

Technical noun derivative.

よく使う組み合わせ

drobne pieniądze

drobny błąd

drobny druk

drobny deszcz

drobna budowa ciała

drobne kradzieże

drobna usługa

drobny piasek

drobna zmiana

drobne wydatki

よく使うフレーズ

rozmienić na drobne

— To break a large bill into smaller coins or notes.

Czy może pan rozmienić mi 20 złotych na drobne?

nie mam drobnych

— I don't have any change/coins.

Przepraszam, ale nie mam drobnych, żeby zapłacić za parking.

drobny upominek

— A small gift or token of appreciation.

Przyniosłem ci drobny upominek z podróży.

drobna przesada

— A slight exaggeration.

Twierdzenie, że to koniec świata, to drobna przesada.

drobne naprawy

— Minor repairs or maintenance tasks.

On sam wykonuje wszystkie drobne naprawy w domu.

drobna uwaga

— A minor comment or observation.

Mam jedną drobną uwagę do twojej prezentacji.

drobne ogłoszenia

— Classified ads in a newspaper.

Szukam pracy w drobnych ogłoszeniach.

drobne kroki

— Small steps, often used metaphorically for slow progress.

Idziemy do celu drobnymi krokami.

drobna złośliwość

— A minor act of spite or a small mean comment.

To była tylko drobna złośliwość z jej strony.

drobne przyjemności

— Small pleasures that make life better.

Kawa i ciastko to moje drobne przyjemności.

よく混同される語

drobny vs mały

English speakers use 'small' for everything; Polish speakers distinguish between 'mały' (size) and 'drobny' (texture/detail).

drobny vs chudy

'Chudy' means thin (sometimes negative), while 'drobny' means slight/petite (usually neutral or positive).

drobny vs niski

'Niski' refers only to height (short), whereas 'drobny' refers to the overall build/frame.

慣用句と表現

"rozmieniać się na drobne"

— To waste one's energy or talent on trivial things instead of focusing on the main goal.

On jest świetnym malarzem, ale rozmienia się na drobne, robiąc tylko proste szkice.

figurative/informal

"drobny ciułacz"

— A person who obsessively saves small amounts of money, often in a miserly way.

Mój sąsiad to taki drobny ciułacz, nigdy nie kupuje nic nowego.

informal/pejorative

"drobny cwaniaczek"

— A petty trickster or someone who tries to gain small advantages through minor deceits.

Uważaj na niego, to drobny cwaniaczek.

slang

"płacić w drobnych"

— To pay using only coins, often seen as annoying in large amounts.

Zapłacił za cały obiad w drobnych.

neutral

"drobne kłamstwo"

— A white lie or a minor untruth.

To było tylko drobne kłamstwo, żeby jej nie urazić.

neutral

"drobna ryba"

— A 'small fish' - an unimportant person in a large organization or criminal world.

Złapali tylko drobne ryby, szefowie gangu uciekli.

informal

"drobny druk umowy"

— The hidden conditions in a contract that are often unfavorable.

Diabeł tkwi w drobnym druku.

metaphorical

"drobny gest"

— A small act of kindness that has a big impact.

Ten drobny gest uratował mi dzień.

neutral

"drobny pijaczyna"

— A local, harmless drunkard.

Pod sklepem zawsze stoi jakiś drobny pijaczyna.

informal/colloquial

"drobny incydent"

— A minor event, often used to downplay a conflict.

To był tylko drobny incydent na granicy.

formal/diplomatic

間違えやすい

drobny vs drobiazgowy

Both share the root 'drob-'.

Drobny means small; drobiazgowy means meticulous or detailed.

On jest bardzo drobiazgowy w swojej pracy.

drobny vs drób

Etymologically related.

Drobny is an adjective (small); drób is a noun (poultry).

Na obiad zjedliśmy drób.

drobny vs drobina

Related noun.

Drobny is small; drobina is a tiny particle or a tiny bit.

Została mi tylko drobina nadziei.

drobny vs drobić

Related verb.

Drobny is small; drobić means to take small steps or to chop something finely.

Ona drobiła kroki, idąc w ciasnej spódnicy.

drobny vs gruby

It is the direct opposite in many contexts.

Drobny is fine/thin; gruby is thick/fat.

To jest gruby banknot, a to są drobne monety.

文型パターン

Mam [drobne].

Mam drobne.

To jest [drobny] [noun].

To jest drobny błąd.

Czy może pan rozmienić na [drobne]?

Czy może pan rozmienić na drobne?

Ona jest [drobnej budowy ciała].

Ona jest drobnej budowy ciała.

[Drobny] druk jest trudny do przeczytania.

Drobny druk jest trudny do przeczytania.

Zdarzyły się [drobne kradzieże].

Zdarzyły się drobne kradzieże.

Analiza wykazała [drobne ślady] [noun in genitive].

Analiza wykazała drobne ślady trucizny.

[Drobiazgowość] jest cechą [noun in genitive].

Drobiazgowość jest cechą dobrego naukowca.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation, commerce, and descriptive writing.

よくある間違い

Mam małe w kieszeni. → Mam drobne w kieszeni.
You cannot use the adjective 'małe' (small) as a noun for coins. You must use 'drobne'.
Ona jest małej budowy. → Ona jest drobnej budowy.
While 'małej' is grammatically okay, 'drobnej' is the standard idiomatic way to describe a slight physique.
To jest drobny dom. → To jest mały dom.
'Drobny' is for fine textures or minor issues, not for the physical size of large structures like buildings.
Drobne mężczyźni. → Drobni mężczyźni.
For masculine personal plural (men), the adjective must take the '-i' ending.
Czytasz mały druk? → Czytasz drobny druk?
'Fine print' is specifically 'drobny druk' in Polish.

ヒント

Adjective Agreement

Always check the gender of the noun. 'Drobny piasek' (masculine) but 'drobna sól' (feminine). This is a basic but frequent error for B1 learners.

Money Matters

Memorize the phrase 'rozmienić na drobne'. It is one of the most useful phrases you will use in Polish shops and kiosks.

Mitigation

Use 'drobny' to make your requests or criticisms sound softer. 'Mam drobną prośbę' sounds much more polite than just 'Mam prośbę'.

The 'y' sound

The 'y' in 'drobny' is key. It's not an 'ee' sound. Keep your tongue neutral and in the middle of your mouth. Practice 'drob-ny' vs 'drob-ni'.

Weather Precision

Use 'drobny' for rain or snow when you want to describe it as misty or fine. It adds a nice descriptive layer to your weather talk.

Contract Awareness

Whenever you see 'drobny druk' in a text, it usually implies a warning. It's a common cultural trope in Poland.

Social Favors

If someone thanks you for something small, you can say 'To drobiazg!' (It's a trifle/Nothing!). It's a great alternative to 'proszę bardzo'.

Handwriting Description

If you want to say someone has small handwriting, use 'drobne pismo'. It's more idiomatic than 'małe pismo'.

Root Recognition

Recognizing the 'drob-' root in words like 'drobiazg', 'drobić', and 'odrobina' will help you guess the meaning of many related words.

Historical Context

Understanding 'drobna szlachta' helps when reading Polish history or classic literature like 'Pan Tadeusz'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'DROP-ny'. Imagine a glass DROPPING and breaking into 'drobny' (tiny/fine) pieces. Or think of 'DROBne' as 'Dimes and Robals' (small things).

視覚的連想

Visualize a handful of small Polish coins (grosze) or a very fine white sand beach. The texture of the sand is 'drobny'.

Word Web

pieniądze piasek błąd druk budowa ciała deszcz szczegół usługa

チャレンジ

Try to spend a whole day in Poland paying only with 'drobne'. Every time you use a coin, say the word 'drobny' in your head to describe its size.

語源

The word 'drobny' comes from the Proto-Slavic '*drobьnъ', which is derived from '*drobь' meaning 'crumb', 'fragment', or 'small piece'. It is related to the verb '*drabiti' meaning 'to break into pieces'.

元の意味： Originally, it referred to things that were broken down, fragmented, or consisted of small parts, rather than just being small in general stature.

Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > West Slavic > Polish.

文化的な背景

Calling someone 'drobny' is generally neutral or positive. However, calling a man 'drobny' might sometimes be perceived as implying he is not physically strong, though it is not inherently an insult.

English speakers often over-rely on 'mały'. Remember that 'drobny' is the specific word for 'fine' (texture) and 'change' (money).

Bolesław Prus's novels often describe the 'drobnomieszczaństwo' (petty bourgeoisie). Polish poetry frequently uses 'drobny deszcz' to set a melancholic mood. The phrase 'rozmieniać się na drobne' is a common motivational warning in Polish culture.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Shopping / Grocery Store

Ma pan drobne?
Nie mam drobnych.
Proszę drobne.
Czy mogę rozmienić na drobne?

Professional / Business

Drobny błąd.
Drobna korekta.
Drobny druk.
Drobna usługa.

Weather / Nature

Drobny deszcz.
Drobny piasek.
Drobne kwiaty.
Drobne kamienie.

Describing People

Drobna kobieta.
Drobna budowa ciała.
Drobne dłonie.
Drobne rysy twarzy.

Law / News

Drobna kradzież.
Drobne wykroczenie.
Drobny incydent.
Drobny handlarz.

会話のきっかけ

"Czy masz może jakieś drobne, żeby pożyczyć mi na bilet?"

"Zauważyłeś tę drobną zmianę w wystroju naszej kawiarni?"

"Czy uważasz, że to jest tylko drobny błąd, czy coś poważniejszego?"

"Dlaczego w umowach zawsze używają tak drobnego druku?"

"Lubisz bardziej drobny piasek na plaży czy raczej kamienie?"

日記のテーマ

Opisz drobną rzecz, która sprawiła ci dzisiaj radość.

Czy kiedykolwiek zrobiłeś drobny błąd, który miał duże konsekwencje?

Opisz osobę o drobnej budowie ciała, którą znasz.

Napisz o sytuacji, w której zabrakło ci drobnych pieniędzy.

Jakie drobne zmiany chciałbyś wprowadzić w swoim codziennym życiu?

よくある質問

10 問

Generally, no. 'Drobny' implies something made of small parts or something delicate. A house is a solid structure, so 'mały dom' is the correct term. You might use 'drobny' for a model house made of tiny matchsticks, though.

'Drobne' refers to the coins themselves (small change). 'Reszta' refers to the 'change' you get back from a transaction (the remaining balance). For example, if you pay 10 for a 7 item, your 'reszta' is 3, which might be given to you in 'drobne'.

Yes, 'drobna budowa ciała' is a very polite and neutral way to describe someone who is petite or slender. It is much better than 'chudy' (thin/skinny), which can sometimes be seen as negative.

The idiomatic expression is 'drobny druk'. You will see this used in warnings about contracts: 'Uważaj na drobny druk' (Watch out for the fine print).

Not directly as an adjective for a person. For 'petty' in a psychological sense, you would use 'małostkowy'. However, 'drobne złośliwości' means 'petty acts of malice'.

It's an idiom meaning to waste your potential or time on unimportant things instead of focusing on a major goal. It's like 'nickel-and-diming' your own life or talents.

Use 'drobni' when you are describing a group of men or a mixed-gender group of people (masculine personal plural). Use 'drobne' for women, children, animals, and all inanimate objects.

No, it's the opposite. 'Drobny deszcz' is a very light, fine rain, often like a drizzle or mist. It's not heavy or violent.

Yes, it is the perfect phrase to use when you want to admit a mistake but emphasize that it isn't a disaster. It's very common in professional Polish.

Yes, when used as a noun meaning 'change/coins', it is always plural: 'Masz drobne?', 'Nie mam drobnych'.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る