frustrar 30秒で
- To prevent success or cause disappointment.
- Can mean to actively thwart something or to feel thwarted.
- Used for plans, actions, and personal feelings.
- Common in news, personal stories, and business.
The Portuguese verb 'frustrar' is used to describe the act of preventing something from happening or succeeding, or the feeling of being blocked or disappointed when one's efforts are in vain. It can refer to external forces that hinder progress or to the internal emotional state of disappointment and powerlessness that arises from such hindrances. When we say someone or something 'frustrates' a plan, it means they are causing it to fail or not be realized. For example, bad weather can 'frustrar' an outdoor event, or a difficult obstacle can 'frustrar' a journey. Emotionally, 'frustrar' can also describe the feeling of being blocked or thwarted, leading to annoyance or sadness. Imagine working hard on a project only to have it canceled at the last minute; you would feel 'frustrado' (frustrated). This verb is quite versatile and appears in various contexts, from everyday conversations about minor setbacks to more formal discussions about strategic failures.
- External Obstruction
- When used to describe an external cause stopping progress: 'As dificuldades técnicas frustraram o lançamento do foguete.' (The technical difficulties frustrated the rocket launch.)
- Internal Feeling
- When describing the feeling of being thwarted: 'Sinto-me frustrado com a falta de progresso.' (I feel frustrated with the lack of progress.)
- Preventing Success
- To actively thwart or foil: 'O detetive conseguiu frustrar o plano do criminoso.' (The detective managed to frustrate the criminal's plan.)
O mau tempo pode frustrar qualquer plano de piquenique.
Ele sentiu que seus esforços foram frustrados.
A burocracia pode frustrar o progresso de um projeto.
Using 'frustrar' correctly involves understanding its two main applications: actively preventing something from succeeding and the resulting feeling of disappointment. In active use, 'frustrar' often takes a direct object, which is the plan, attempt, or goal being thwarted. For instance, a competitor might 'frustrar' your business efforts, or security measures could 'frustrar' a hacker's attempt. When describing the feeling, the verb is often used reflexively (se frustrar) or as a state of being (estar frustrado/a). The past participle, 'frustrado' or 'frustrada', is very common. Consider the difference: 'A greve frustrou o transporte' (The strike frustrated transportation – active action) versus 'Ele estava frustrado com a demora' (He was frustrated with the delay – feeling). Pay attention to the tense and subject-verb agreement. For example, 'Nós não queremos frustrar suas expectativas' (We don't want to frustrate your expectations) uses the infinitive after 'querer'. In contrast, 'Os obstáculos frustraram o nosso progresso' (The obstacles frustrated our progress) uses the past tense for a completed action.
- Active Prevention
- The subject actively causes the plan or action to fail. Example: 'O governo tentou frustrar a manifestação.' (The government tried to frustrate the demonstration.)
- Passive Experience (Feeling)
- The subject is the recipient of frustration. Example: 'Ela se sentiu frustrada pela falta de comunicação.' (She felt frustrated by the lack of communication.)
- Infinitive Use
- Often follows verbs like 'ajudar a', 'impedir de', 'tentar'. Example: 'Não deixe que o medo frustre seus sonhos.' (Don't let fear frustrate your dreams.)
- Past Participle Usage
- Used with 'estar' or 'ser' to describe the state of being frustrated. Example: 'O projeto foi frustrado por falta de fundos.' (The project was frustrated by lack of funds.)
É importante não frustrar as crianças com promessas vazias.
Os atrasos constantes frustraram a equipe de produção.
Ele tentou frustrar a investigação, mas falhou.
You'll encounter 'frustrar' in a wide array of situations, reflecting its dual meaning of thwarting an action and experiencing disappointment. In news reports, you might hear about efforts to 'frustrar' criminal activities, terrorist plots, or even the spread of diseases. For instance, 'A polícia conseguiu frustrar um assalto a banco' (The police managed to frustrate a bank robbery). In business and politics, discussions often revolve around plans being 'frustrated' by economic downturns, policy changes, or international sanctions. 'As sanções econômicas podem frustrar o desenvolvimento do país' (Economic sanctions can frustrate the country's development). In everyday conversations, people express their own feelings of frustration. A student might say, 'Estou me sentindo muito frustrado com esta matéria' (I'm feeling very frustrated with this subject). Parents might talk about how a child's behavior 'frustrates' their attempts to maintain order. Even in sports, a team's strategy can be 'frustrated' by the opponent's defense, or a player might feel 'frustrado' by a missed opportunity. The word is also common in literature and film, describing characters' struggles against fate, societal pressures, or personal limitations. When discussing projects or goals, people often use 'frustrar' to explain why something didn't work out as planned. For example, 'Nossos planos de viagem foram frustrados pela pandemia' (Our travel plans were frustrated by the pandemic). The feeling of frustration is a universal human experience, making 'frustrar' and its derivatives like 'frustrado/a' very frequently used terms.
- News & Current Events
- Used to describe thwarted plans, crimes, or attempts. 'A polícia agiu para frustrar o ataque terrorista.' (The police acted to frustrate the terrorist attack.)
- Personal Development & Psychology
- Describing personal feelings of disappointment or the inability to achieve goals. 'A falta de feedback frustra o crescimento profissional.' (Lack of feedback frustrates professional growth.)
- Project Management & Business
- When plans are hindered by obstacles, competition, or unforeseen circumstances. 'A concorrência acirrada pode frustrar os objetivos de mercado.' (Intense competition can frustrate market objectives.)
- Everyday Conversations
- Expressing personal feelings of annoyance or disappointment. 'Estava muito frustrado com o resultado do jogo.' (I was very frustrated with the game's result.)
Os manifestantes tentaram frustrar a reunião do governo.
Ela se sentia frustrada por não conseguir o emprego.
A falta de tempo pode frustrar muitos planos.
Learners of Portuguese sometimes make mistakes with 'frustrar', particularly regarding its dual meaning and grammatical usage. One common error is to confuse the active sense (to thwart) with the passive sense (to feel frustrated). For example, saying 'Eu frustrei o plano' (I frustrated the plan) is correct if you actively stopped it, but saying 'Eu frustrei' when you mean 'I felt frustrated' is incorrect. For the feeling, you need to use the past participle 'frustrado/a' or the reflexive form. Another mistake is incorrect verb conjugation. For instance, using the infinitive when a conjugated form is needed, or vice versa. Ensure you use the correct tense and person. For example, 'Eles frustram o projeto' (They frustrate the project) is present tense, while 'Eles frustraram o projeto' (They frustrated the project) is past tense. A related issue is the misuse of the past participle 'frustrado/a' as a verb. You wouldn't say 'Eu frustrado com a notícia'; instead, you'd say 'Eu estava frustrado com a notícia' (I was frustrated with the news) or 'Eu me senti frustrado com a notícia' (I felt frustrated with the news). Also, be careful with cognate confusion; while 'frustrate' in English is similar, the nuances in Portuguese usage, especially the emotional aspect, are important to grasp. Ensure you understand whether you are describing an action that thwarts something or a state of feeling thwarted.
- Confusing Active vs. Passive
- Using 'frustrar' to mean 'to feel frustrated' when it should be 'estar frustrado/a' or 'sentir-se frustrado/a'. Incorrect: 'Eu frustrei com a demora.' Correct: 'Eu estava frustrado com a demora.' (I was frustrated with the delay.)
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Using the wrong tense or person. Incorrect: 'O problema frustra ele.' (Grammatically awkward, implies present action). Correct: 'O problema frustra ele.' (The problem frustrates him.) or 'O problema frustrou ele.' (The problem frustrated him.)
- Misuse of Past Participle
- Treating 'frustrado/a' as a standalone verb. Incorrect: 'O projeto frustrado por falta de fundos.' Correct: 'O projeto foi frustrado por falta de fundos.' (The project was frustrated by lack of funds.)
- Direct Translation Issues
- Assuming 'frustrar' always means the same as English 'frustrate' without considering context. Remember it can also mean to prevent or foil. 'O detetive frustrou o crime.' (The detective foiled the crime.)
Não diga 'Eu frustro' quando quiser dizer 'Eu me sinto frustrado'.
A conjugação correta é essencial para evitar mal-entendidos.
O particípio passado 'frustrado' precisa de um verbo auxiliar como 'estar' ou 'ser'.
While 'frustrar' is a common and useful verb, Portuguese offers several alternatives depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. For actively preventing or thwarting something, 'impedir' (to impede, to prevent) is a very close synonym. For example, 'A chuva impediu o jogo' (The rain prevented the game) is similar to 'A chuva frustrou o jogo'. 'Obstruir' (to obstruct) is also used when something blocks progress physically or metaphorically. If the emphasis is on foiling a plan or scheme, 'frustrar' is excellent, but 'arruinar' (to ruin) or 'desbaratar' (to foil, to dismantle) can also be used in more specific contexts, especially for criminal plots. When referring to the feeling of disappointment or being blocked, 'desapontar' (to disappoint) is related but often implies that someone else caused the disappointment. 'Ele me desapontou' (He disappointed me). However, 'estar frustrado' is more about the internal feeling of being blocked or thwarted, whereas 'estar desapontado' is about unmet expectations. 'Desanimar' (to dishearten, to lose spirit) is also related to the feeling of frustration, as frustration can lead to discouragement. For example, 'A falta de sucesso pode desanimar' (Lack of success can dishearten). In a more formal context, 'frustrar' can imply a strategic failure. Consider these comparisons:
- Frustrar vs. Impedir
- Frustrar: To thwart, prevent from succeeding, or cause disappointment. Impedir: To prevent, to stop from happening. 'Frustrar' often carries a stronger sense of active opposition or of causing emotional distress, while 'impedir' is more about blocking an action. Example: 'O guarda impediu a entrada' (The guard prevented entry) vs. 'A burocracia frustrou o projeto' (Bureaucracy frustrated the project - implying it not only stopped it but also caused significant issues and disappointment).
- Frustrar vs. Desapontar
- Frustrar: To thwart an action or cause a feeling of being blocked/disappointed. Desapontar: To disappoint, to fail to meet expectations. 'Frustrar' can be about blocking an action, while 'desapontar' is about failing to meet expectations, often emotionally. Example: 'Seu comportamento frustrou nossos planos' (Your behavior frustrated our plans - actively stopped them) vs. 'Suas promessas não cumpridas desapontaram a todos' (Your unfulfilled promises disappointed everyone - emotional impact).
- Frustrar vs. Arruinar
- Frustrar: To thwart, prevent success. Arruinar: To ruin, destroy, spoil completely. 'Arruinar' implies a more complete destruction or spoiling than 'frustrar'. Example: 'O pequeno problema não frustrou o evento, mas um incêndio arruinaria tudo.' (The small problem didn't frustrate the event, but a fire would ruin everything.)
- Frustrar vs. Desanimar
- Frustrar: To thwart or feel thwarted. Desanimar: To dishearten, to lose motivation or spirit. Frustration can lead to discouragement. Example: 'A constante falta de progresso frustra o projeto e desanima a equipe.' (The constant lack of progress frustrates the project and dishearten the team.)
'Impedir' é um sinônimo comum para 'frustrar' quando se trata de bloquear uma ação.
'Desapontar' foca mais na decepção emocional.
'Arruinar' sugere uma destruição mais completa.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The English word 'frustrate' shares the same Latin origin, 'frustrare', meaning 'to make vain' or 'to nullify'. This shared root explains the strong semantic similarity between the Portuguese and English words.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'u' too much like 'oo' in 'moon'.
- Not rolling or tapping the 'r' in 'tr'.
- Pronouncing the final 'r' too strongly.
- Confusing the stress pattern with other words.
- Omitting the final 'r' sound.
難易度
The word itself is straightforward, but understanding the dual meaning (active prevention vs. emotional feeling) and its common collocations requires practice. Context is key.
Correctly using 'frustrar' in active and passive constructions, and distinguishing it from similar verbs like 'impedir' or 'desapontar', requires careful attention to grammar and context.
Pronunciation is generally manageable, but conveying the correct emotional tone when expressing frustration is important for naturalness.
Recognizing 'frustrar' and its derivatives in spoken Portuguese requires listening for the context that indicates either an action of thwarting or a feeling of disappointment.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Past Participle as Adjective
When 'frustrado/a' describes a state of being, it functions as an adjective and agrees in gender and number with the subject. 'O projeto foi frustrado.' (The project was frustrated.) 'As ideias foram frustradas.' (The ideas were frustrated.)
Reflexive Verbs
The reflexive form 'frustrar-se' is used to express the feeling of being frustrated. 'Eu me frustro facilmente.' (I get frustrated easily.) 'Eles se frustraram com a demora.' (They got frustrated with the delay.)
Infinitive Usage
The infinitive form of 'frustrar' is often used after modal verbs (poder, dever, querer) or verbs expressing intention or attempt (tentar, tentar). 'Não quero frustrar suas expectativas.' (I don't want to frustrate your expectations.)
Passive Voice
The passive voice is formed with 'ser' + past participle. 'O plano foi frustrado pela falta de apoio.' (The plan was frustrated by lack of support.)
Verb Conjugation
Remember to conjugate 'frustrar' according to the subject and tense. 'Eu frustro', 'Tu frustras', 'Ele/Ela frustra', 'Nós frustramos', 'Vós frustrais', 'Eles/Elas frustram'.
レベル別の例文
O plano foi frustrado.
The plan was frustrated.
Simple past passive construction.
Eu estou frustrado.
I am frustrated.
Present tense with adjective 'frustrado'.
Isso frustra meu trabalho.
This frustrates my work.
Present tense, active voice.
Não frustre o menino.
Don't frustrate the boy.
Negative imperative, active voice.
O jogo foi frustrado.
The game was frustrated.
Past passive.
Ele frustra o vizinho.
He frustrates the neighbor.
Present tense, active voice.
Ela frustra o plano.
She frustrates the plan.
Present tense, active voice.
O atraso frustra a viagem.
The delay frustrates the trip.
Present tense, active voice.
As dificuldades frustraram nossos planos.
The difficulties frustrated our plans.
Past tense, active voice.
Ele se sentiu frustrado com a espera.
He felt frustrated with the wait.
Reflexive verb 'sentir-se' + past participle.
O mau tempo pode frustrar o evento.
Bad weather can frustrate the event.
Modal verb 'poder' + infinitive.
Não deixe que isso frustre você.
Don't let that frustrate you.
Negative imperative with reflexive pronoun.
A burocracia frustrou o projeto.
The bureaucracy frustrated the project.
Past tense, active voice.
Ela estava frustrada pela falta de progresso.
She was frustrated by the lack of progress.
Past tense of 'estar' + past participle.
Tentamos frustrar o plano deles.
We tried to frustrate their plan.
Past tense of 'tentar' + infinitive.
Os obstáculos frustraram a equipe.
The obstacles frustrated the team.
Past tense, active voice.
A falta de comunicação pode frustrar até os melhores projetos.
Lack of communication can frustrate even the best projects.
Present tense, active voice, with an adverbial phrase.
Sinto-me frustrado quando meus esforços não são reconhecidos.
I feel frustrated when my efforts are not recognized.
Reflexive verb 'sentir-se' + past participle, subordinate clause.
O governo agiu para frustrar a tentativa de golpe.
The government acted to frustrate the coup attempt.
Past tense of 'agir' + infinitive.
É fácil se frustrar com a lentidão do sistema.
It is easy to get frustrated with the system's slowness.
Impersonal 'é fácil' + reflexive infinitive.
As novas regras parecem ter sido criadas para frustrar os pequenos empresários.
The new rules seem to have been created to frustrate small business owners.
Passive voice + infinitive of purpose.
Ele tentou frustrar a investigação, mas foi descoberto.
He tried to frustrate the investigation, but he was discovered.
Past tense of 'tentar' + infinitive, followed by a contrasting clause.
Não permita que as adversidades frustrem seus objetivos de longo prazo.
Do not allow adversities to frustrate your long-term goals.
Imperative + infinitive, object of the infinitive.
A equipe ficou frustrada com a decisão do juiz.
The team was frustrated with the judge's decision.
Past tense of 'ficar' + past participle.
Os constantes atrasos logísticos acabaram por frustrar a expansão planejada.
The constant logistical delays ultimately frustrated the planned expansion.
Past tense, active voice, with an adverbial phrase indicating the outcome.
É compreensível que os cidadãos se sintam frustrados com a ineficiência governamental.
It is understandable that citizens feel frustrated with government inefficiency.
Impersonal 'é compreensível' + subordinate clause with reflexive verb.
Os esforços para frustrar a tentativa de sabotagem foram bem-sucedidos.
The efforts to frustrate the sabotage attempt were successful.
Infinitive of purpose + past passive sentence.
Muitos artistas sentem que o mercado atual frustra a criatividade genuína.
Many artists feel that the current market frustrates genuine creativity.
Present tense, active voice, expressing a general sentiment.
Apesar de todos os obstáculos, eles se recusaram a deixar que a situação frustrasse seus sonhos.
Despite all the obstacles, they refused to let the situation frustrate their dreams.
Concessive clause + infinitive with object.
A análise indicou que a estratégia de vendas falhou em frustrar a concorrência.
The analysis indicated that the sales strategy failed to frustrate the competition.
Past tense of 'indicar' + subordinate clause with 'falhar em' + infinitive.
O diretor tentou frustrar a publicação das informações confidenciais.
The director tried to frustrate the publication of confidential information.
Past tense of 'tentar' + infinitive with object.
Eles estavam visivelmente frustrados com o resultado inesperado.
They were visibly frustrated with the unexpected outcome.
Past tense of 'estar' + adverb + past participle.
A complexidade regulatória tem o potencial de frustrar inovações disruptivas no setor tecnológico.
Regulatory complexity has the potential to frustrate disruptive innovations in the tech sector.
Present tense, active voice, with abstract nouns and a complex structure.
É essencial que os líderes compreendam as causas subjacentes da frustração para não frustrar ainda mais seus subordinados.
It is essential that leaders understand the underlying causes of frustration so as not to frustrate their subordinates further.
Subjunctive mood + infinitive of purpose, repetition of related terms.
As manobras políticas visavam frustrar a aprovação da lei de proteção ambiental.
The political maneuvers aimed to frustrate the approval of the environmental protection law.
Past tense of 'visar' + infinitive, abstract object.
A persistente falta de financiamento pode frustrar mesmo as iniciativas mais promissoras em pesquisa científica.
The persistent lack of funding can frustrate even the most promising initiatives in scientific research.
Modal verb 'poder' + infinitive, emphasizing the impact on promising initiatives.
O autor argumenta que a censura moderna opera de maneiras mais sutis para frustrar o livre pensamento.
The author argues that modern censorship operates in more subtle ways to frustrate free thought.
Present tense, active voice, discussing abstract concepts.
Eles se sentiram profundamente frustrados pela aparente indiferença das autoridades.
They felt deeply frustrated by the apparent indifference of the authorities.
Past tense of 'sentir-se' + adverb + past participle, prepositional phrase.
A estratégia de longo prazo foi cuidadosamente elaborada para frustrar qualquer tentativa de interferência externa.
The long-term strategy was carefully crafted to frustrate any attempt at external interference.
Past passive + infinitive of purpose.
A incapacidade de articular suas ideias claramente tendia a frustrar suas interações sociais.
The inability to articulate his ideas clearly tended to frustrate his social interactions.
Past tense of 'tender a' + infinitive, abstract subject.
A natureza intrinsecamente complexa do sistema jurídico pode, inadvertidamente, frustrar o acesso à justiça para os menos favorecidos.
The intrinsically complex nature of the legal system can, inadvertently, frustrate access to justice for the less fortunate.
Sophisticated vocabulary, abstract concepts, adverbial phrase.
É imperativo que se busque desvendar as raízes da apatia pública, a fim de não frustrar ainda mais o engajamento cívico.
It is imperative that one seeks to uncover the roots of public apathy, in order not to further frustrate civic engagement.
Impersonal construction, infinitive of purpose with negation, sophisticated vocabulary.
A diplomacia de poder visava, em última análise, frustrar a ascensão de potências rivais no cenário global.
Power diplomacy ultimately aimed to frustrate the rise of rival powers on the global stage.
Past tense of 'visar' + infinitive, abstract object, geopolitical context.
A proliferação de desinformação online representa um desafio significativo para frustrar narrativas enganosas e promover o pensamento crítico.
The proliferation of online misinformation represents a significant challenge to frustrating misleading narratives and promoting critical thinking.
Present tense, active voice, complex abstract subject and object.
A análise retrospectiva revelou que a falta de uma visão estratégica clara foi o principal fator que veio a frustrar os objetivos ambiciosos da organização.
The retrospective analysis revealed that the lack of a clear strategic vision was the main factor that came to frustrate the organization's ambitious objectives.
Past tense, complex sentence structure, idiomatic phrase 'veio a frustrar'.
Os acadêmicos se sentiram irremediavelmente frustrados pela intransigência da administração em adotar novas metodologias de pesquisa.
The academics felt irremediably frustrated by the administration's intransigence in adopting new research methodologies.
Past tense of 'sentir-se' + adverb + past participle, sophisticated vocabulary.
A arquitetura institucional foi concebida para frustrar qualquer tentativa de abuso de poder por parte de indivíduos isolados.
The institutional architecture was designed to frustrate any attempt at abuse of power by isolated individuals.
Past passive + infinitive of purpose, abstract concepts.
A incapacidade de antecipar as reações do mercado financeiro, muitas vezes, tende a frustrar os planos de investimento mais bem fundamentados.
The inability to anticipate financial market reactions often tends to frustrate even the best-founded investment plans.
Present tense, abstract subject, idiomatic phrase 'tende a frustrar'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To be in a state of disappointment or blocked progress.
Ele está frustrado com o resultado do exame.
— To experience the feeling of frustration.
Ela se sente frustrada pela falta de oportunidades.
— To avoid causing disappointment or hindering someone's plans.
É importante não frustrar ninguém com promessas vazias.
— To make someone's attempts or hard work unsuccessful.
A burocracia frustrou nossos esforços para abrir o negócio.
— To cause one's own disappointment or hinder one's own progress, often due to self-doubt or perfectionism.
Ele se frustra facilmente por ser muito exigente consigo mesmo.
— To fail to meet what was expected.
O filme frustrou a expectativa de muitos críticos.
— To prevent someone or something from reaching their full capabilities.
A falta de investimento pode frustrar o potencial de um país.
— To stop an attempt from succeeding.
A rápida ação da polícia frustrou a tentativa de roubo.
— To go against or prevent someone's desire or intention.
As circunstâncias frustraram a vontade dele de estudar no exterior.
— To prevent a plan from being carried out.
O detetive frustrou o plano do criminoso.
よく混同される語
'Desapontar' means to disappoint, focusing on unmet expectations, often causing emotional sadness. 'Frustrar' can mean to thwart an action or to cause a feeling of being blocked/disappointed. 'O filme desapontou o público' (The movie disappointed the audience) vs. 'A greve frustrou a estreia do filme' (The strike frustrated the movie premiere).
'Impedir' means to prevent or block something from happening, often physically. 'Frustrar' can imply more of an active opposition or a more complex thwarting of a plan or goal, and also carries the emotional connotation of disappointment. 'Ele impediu a passagem' (He blocked the passage) vs. 'A falta de fundos frustrou o projeto' (Lack of funds frustrated the project).
'Arruinar' means to ruin or destroy completely. 'Frustrar' is less severe; it means to prevent success or cause disappointment, but not necessarily total destruction. 'O incêndio arruinou a casa' (The fire ruined the house) vs. 'O atraso frustrou o evento' (The delay frustrated the event).
慣用句と表現
— To thwart one's luck or good fortune, often implying that despite good chances, something goes wrong.
Ele tentou de tudo, mas parece que tentou frustrar a sorte e acabou perdendo tudo.
Informal— To defy or go against what seems to be preordained or inevitable.
Apesar de todas as previsões, ele lutou para frustrar o destino e alcançar o sucesso.
Figurative— To test someone's patience to its limit, causing them to feel frustrated.
A lentidão do serviço estava a frustrar a paciência de todos os clientes.
Figurative— To waste time or cause delays that prevent progress.
Perder tempo com discussões inúteis é frustrar o tempo e os recursos.
Figurative— To dash someone else's hopes.
Não se deve frustrar a esperança alheia sem motivo justo.
Figurative— To hinder one's own goal, often unintentionally.
Ao procrastinar, ele acabou por frustrar a própria meta de concluir o curso a tempo.
Figurative— To defy or circumvent the law.
Os criminosos criaram métodos complexos para frustrar a lei.
Formal— To go against natural inclinations or processes.
Alguns tratamentos médicos tentam frustrar a natureza.
Figurative— To fail to meet the public's expectations.
A falta de resultados frustrou a expectativa do público em relação ao novo governo.
Formal— To undermine or bypass a system, often in a clever or illicit way.
Os hackers encontraram maneiras de frustrar o sistema de segurança da empresa.
Technical/Informal間違えやすい
Both 'frustrar' and 'desapontar' can relate to negative emotional outcomes and unmet expectations.
'Desapontar' focuses on the emotional disappointment resulting from unmet expectations. 'Frustrar' can mean to actively thwart an action or to feel a sense of being blocked and disappointed. You can be 'desapontado' because someone failed to meet your expectations, while you can be 'frustrado' because your efforts were blocked or you feel powerless.
O resultado do jogo <strong>desapontou</strong> os torcedores (emotional disappointment). O mau tempo <strong>frustrou</strong> o jogo (action was thwarted).
Both verbs suggest stopping something from happening.
'Impedir' generally means to physically block or prevent an action from occurring. 'Frustrar' is broader; it can mean to prevent success, foil a plan, or cause disappointment. 'Frustrar' often implies more active opposition or a more complex thwarting of goals, and it carries the emotional weight of disappointment.
A polícia <strong>impediu</strong> a entrada do suspeito (physical blocking). A falta de verba <strong>frustrou</strong> o projeto (plan was thwarted, leading to disappointment).
Both can mean to block something.
'Obstruir' typically refers to blocking a physical path, channel, or process. 'Frustrar' is more about thwarting a plan, goal, or attempt, and also relates to the emotional state of being blocked. 'Os detritos <strong>obstruíram</strong> o rio' (The debris obstructed the river) vs. 'A burocracia <strong>frustrou</strong> o desenvolvimento' (Bureaucracy frustrated development - implying it hindered progress and caused disappointment).
Both can describe negative outcomes for plans or efforts.
'Arruinar' means to ruin or destroy completely, often implying total loss or damage. 'Frustrar' means to prevent success or cause disappointment, but not necessarily to destroy something entirely. It's about thwarting, not necessarily annihilating.
Um incêndio <strong>arruinou</strong> a casa (complete destruction). A chuva <strong>frustrou</strong> o piquenique (plan was prevented from succeeding).
Both can lead to negative feelings.
'Desanimar' means to dishearten, to lose motivation or spirit. Frustration can often lead to discouragement. 'Frustrar' is the action of thwarting or the feeling of being blocked. 'A falta de progresso <strong>desanimou</strong> a equipe' (Lack of progress disheartened the team) vs. 'A falta de progresso <strong>frustrou</strong> os esforços da equipe' (Lack of progress frustrated the team's efforts - focusing on the thwarted actions).
文型パターン
Subject + frustrar + Object (plan/action)
O atraso frustrou a reunião.
Subject + estar/sentir-se + frustrado/a + com/pela + noun
Eu estou frustrado com o trânsito.
Tentativa + de + frustrar + Object
Houve uma tentativa de frustrar o plano.
Não + deixar + que + Subject + frustre + Object
Não deixe que o medo frustre seus sonhos.
Subject + ter + o potencial + de + frustrar + Object
A burocracia tem o potencial de frustrar o progresso.
Apesar de + noun/clause, + Subject + frustrar + Object
Apesar dos obstáculos, eles frustraram o plano.
Complex Subject + frustrar + Complex Object
A falta de comunicação frustra as interações interpessoais.
É + adjective + que + Subject + (não) + frustre/frustrar + Object
É importante não frustrar as expectativas.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High
-
Using 'frustrar' to mean 'to feel frustrated'.
→
Use 'estar frustrado/a' or 'sentir-se frustrado/a'.
In Portuguese, 'frustrar' is primarily an active verb meaning to thwart. To express the feeling of being frustrated, you need to use the past participle 'frustrado/a' with auxiliary verbs like 'estar' (to be) or 'sentir-se' (to feel oneself). Incorrect: 'Eu frustrei com a demora.' Correct: 'Eu <strong>estava frustrado</strong> com a demora.'
-
Incorrect conjugation.
→
Conjugate 'frustrar' according to the subject and tense.
Forgetting to conjugate the verb correctly can lead to misunderstandings. For example, saying 'Eles frustra o plano' when it should be 'Eles <strong>frustram</strong> o plano' (present tense) or 'Eles <strong>frustraram</strong> o plano' (past tense).
-
Confusing 'frustrar' with 'desapontar'.
→
Understand the nuance: 'frustrar' can mean to thwart an action, while 'desapontar' focuses on unmet expectations.
'Desapontar' is about disappointing someone emotionally. 'Frustrar' can be about actively preventing something or causing a feeling of being blocked. 'O filme <strong>desapontou</strong> o público' (emotional disappointment). 'A greve <strong>frustrou</strong> a estreia' (the premiere was thwarted).
-
Using the past participle 'frustrado' as a standalone verb.
→
Use 'ser' or 'estar' with 'frustrado' when it describes a state or passive action.
The past participle 'frustrado' needs an auxiliary verb when used in passive constructions or to describe a state. Incorrect: 'O projeto frustrado por falta de fundos.' Correct: 'O projeto <strong>foi frustrado</strong> por falta de fundos.'
-
Using 'frustrar' when 'impedir' or 'obstruir' would be more precise.
→
Choose the verb that best fits the context: 'impedir' for blocking, 'obstruir' for physical blockage.
While 'frustrar' is versatile, 'impedir' is often better for direct prevention, and 'obstruir' for physical blockage. 'A barreira <strong>impediu</strong> a passagem' (The barrier prevented passage) is more direct than 'A barreira <strong>frustrou</strong> a passagem'.
ヒント
Active vs. Passive Meaning
Remember that 'frustrar' can mean to actively thwart something (active voice) or to feel thwarted/disappointed (passive voice, often using 'estar frustrado/a' or 'sentir-se frustrado/a'). Pay close attention to the subject and verb agreement to convey the correct meaning.
Stress and 'R' Sound
The stress in 'frustrar' falls on the second syllable (frus-TRAR). Practice the rolled or tapped 'r' sound in 'tr' for clearer pronunciation. The final 'a' is an open sound, like 'ah'.
Collocations and Common Phrases
Learning common phrases like 'frustrar os planos', 'frustrar as expectativas', and 'estar frustrado' will help you use the word more naturally and effectively in conversation.
Connect to English Cognate
The English word 'frustrate' shares the same Latin root. Use this similarity to your advantage, but be mindful of any subtle differences in usage or common collocations in Portuguese.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'frustrar' in different tenses and contexts. Try to include both its active meaning (to thwart) and its use in describing the feeling of being frustrated.
Expressing Feelings
In Portuguese-speaking cultures, expressing emotions like frustration is common. Using 'frustrar' and 'frustrado/a' is a natural way to articulate these feelings in everyday conversations.
Agreement of 'Frustrado/a'
When 'frustrado/a' is used as an adjective or past participle describing a state, it must agree in gender and number with the subject. 'O homem está frustrado.' 'A mulher está frustrada.' 'Os homens estão frustrados.' 'As mulheres estão frustradas.'
Synonyms and Nuances
Explore synonyms like 'impedir', 'desapontar', and 'arruinar' to understand the subtle differences and choose the most appropriate word for your intended meaning.
Listen for Context
When listening to Portuguese, pay attention to how 'frustrar' is used. Is it describing an external force blocking something, or someone expressing a personal feeling of disappointment? The context will guide you.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'frost' (frust) on a sunny day (ar) trying to prevent the warmth from reaching you. The frost 'frustrates' the sun's ability to warm the day, making it feel disappointing.
視覚的連想
Picture a person trying to build a tall tower of blocks, but every time they place a block, it falls down, 'frustrating' their attempt. Or, visualize a person with their arms crossed, looking unhappy because their plan was 'frustrated'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'frustrar' in three different sentences today: one where you actively prevent something, one where you describe yourself or someone else feeling frustrated, and one about a plan that was thwarted.
語源
The Portuguese verb 'frustrar' comes directly from the Latin verb 'frustrare', which means 'to deceive', 'to disappoint', or 'to make vain'. This Latin root is related to 'frustra', meaning 'in vain' or 'uselessly'.
元の意味： To make vain, to deceive, to disappoint.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Portuguese文化的な背景
While 'frustrar' can describe external actions, its frequent use to describe personal feelings means it can be used in sensitive contexts when discussing emotional states. It's important to use it appropriately and not to minimize genuine feelings of frustration.
The English word 'frustrate' has a very similar meaning and origin, making it a relatively easy cognate for English speakers. However, pay attention to the nuances in usage, especially the emotional aspect.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Discussing failed projects or plans.
- O projeto foi frustrado por falta de fundos.
- Nossos planos foram frustrados pelo mau tempo.
- A falta de cooperação frustrou o resultado.
Expressing personal feelings of annoyance or disappointment.
- Estou frustrado com a demora.
- Ela se sentiu frustrada pela falta de progresso.
- Não fique frustrado, tente novamente.
Describing actions that prevent success.
- A polícia frustrou a tentativa de roubo.
- Ele tentou frustrar a investigação.
- As medidas de segurança frustraram o ataque.
Talking about unmet expectations.
- O desempenho frustrou as expectativas.
- Não quero frustrar sua esperança.
- O resultado foi frustrante.
General obstacles and hindrances.
- A burocracia pode frustrar o desenvolvimento.
- Os obstáculos frustraram o caminho.
- Isso frustra qualquer um.
会話のきっかけ
"What's something that recently frustrated you?"
"Have you ever had a plan completely frustrated? What happened?"
"How do you deal with feelings of frustration?"
"Can you think of a time when someone's actions frustrated your goals?"
"When do you think it's okay to feel frustrated?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time when your efforts were frustrated. What did you learn from the experience?
Write about a situation where you had to prevent someone else's plan from succeeding. How did you feel about it?
Reflect on a goal you have that feels like it might be frustrated. What are the potential obstacles?
How do you typically react when you feel frustrated? Can you identify any patterns in your behavior?
Imagine a character in a story whose main conflict is dealing with constant frustration. What kind of character would they be?
よくある質問
10 問'Frustrar' is the verb itself, meaning to thwart or prevent something from succeeding. For example, 'O mau tempo frustrou o jogo' (The bad weather frustrated the game). 'Sentir-se frustrado' uses the reflexive verb 'sentir-se' (to feel oneself) with the past participle 'frustrado' (frustrated), meaning to experience the feeling of frustration. For example, 'Eu me sinto frustrado com a demora' (I feel frustrated with the delay).
Yes, 'frustrar' can be used with inanimate objects or abstract concepts when they are the cause of frustration or when they are being thwarted. For example, 'A burocracia frustra o progresso' (Bureaucracy frustrates progress), or 'O sistema frustrou a tentativa' (The system frustrated the attempt). In these cases, the inanimate object is acting as the agent that thwarts something.
The noun form is 'frustração', which means frustration, disappointment, or the act of thwarting. For example, 'A frustração tomou conta dele' (Frustration took over him).
You can say 'estar frustrado/a' or 'sentir-se frustrado/a'. 'Estar frustrado/a' describes the state of being frustrated, while 'sentir-se frustrado/a' describes the act of feeling frustrated. Remember to match the gender and number of 'frustrado/a' with the subject. For example, 'Ele está frustrado.' (He is frustrated.) 'Ela se sente frustrada.' (She feels frustrated.)
Primarily, yes. 'Frustrar' implies a negative outcome, either by preventing success or by causing disappointment. However, in some contexts, one might 'frustrar' an opponent's plan, which could be seen as a positive outcome for oneself, but the act of frustrating itself is still about blocking or thwarting.
'Impedir' generally means to prevent or block something from happening, often in a more direct or physical way. 'Frustrar' is broader; it can mean to thwart a plan, prevent success, or cause disappointment. 'Frustrar' often carries a stronger sense of active opposition or a more complex hindrance, and it includes the emotional component of disappointment.
The past participle 'frustrado' (masculine) or 'frustrada' (feminine) is used in several ways: 1. With 'estar' or 'ficar' to describe the state of being frustrated: 'Ele está frustrado.' 2. With 'ser' to form the passive voice: 'O plano foi frustrado.' 3. As an adjective describing something that has been thwarted: 'uma tentativa frustrada'. 4. With reflexive verbs like 'sentir-se': 'Ela se sentiu frustrada.'
While the verb itself describes an act of thwarting or causing disappointment, it can be used in a context where thwarting a negative action is positive. For example, 'A polícia frustrou o crime' (The police frustrated the crime). Here, the act of frustrating the crime is a positive outcome for society, even though the verb itself describes the blocking of the crime's success.
'Arruinar' means to ruin or destroy completely, implying total damage or loss. 'Frustrar' means to prevent success or cause disappointment, but not necessarily to destroy something. It's about thwarting an attempt or plan. 'O incêndio arruinou a casa' (The fire ruined the house) is more severe than 'O atraso frustrou o evento' (The delay frustrated the event).
The pronunciation is /frusˈtɾaɾ/. The stress is on the second syllable: frus-TRAR. The 'u' is like the 'oo' in 'foot', the 'tr' is a rolled or tapped 'r', and the final 'a' is an open 'ah' sound.
自分をテスト 9 問
/ 9 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'frustrar' in Portuguese means to prevent something from succeeding or to cause disappointment. It's used both actively, like thwarting a plan, and to describe the feeling of being blocked or disappointed.
- To prevent success or cause disappointment.
- Can mean to actively thwart something or to feel thwarted.
- Used for plans, actions, and personal feelings.
- Common in news, personal stories, and business.
Active vs. Passive Meaning
Remember that 'frustrar' can mean to actively thwart something (active voice) or to feel thwarted/disappointed (passive voice, often using 'estar frustrado/a' or 'sentir-se frustrado/a'). Pay close attention to the subject and verb agreement to convey the correct meaning.
Context is Key
The meaning of 'frustrar' can shift slightly depending on the context. It can range from actively preventing a plan to simply causing annoyance or disappointment. Always consider the surrounding words and the overall situation.
Stress and 'R' Sound
The stress in 'frustrar' falls on the second syllable (frus-TRAR). Practice the rolled or tapped 'r' sound in 'tr' for clearer pronunciation. The final 'a' is an open sound, like 'ah'.
Collocations and Common Phrases
Learning common phrases like 'frustrar os planos', 'frustrar as expectativas', and 'estar frustrado' will help you use the word more naturally and effectively in conversation.
例文
Sua tentativa de fugir foi frustrada pela polícia.
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
emotionsの関連語
a sério?
A2seriously?, an expression of surprise, disbelief, or to check earnestness
abalado
A2動揺した、ショックを受けた。彼はそのニュースを聞いてひどく動揺していた。
abalar
A2揺さぶる、動揺させる。そのニュースは彼をひどく動揺させた。
abalo
A2Shock, emotional disturbance; a sudden, disturbing, or upsetting emotional experience.
abandonado
B1Left by the owner or inhabitants; deserted.
abatidamente
B1意気消沈して、またはがっかりした様子で。深い落胆や、心身の消耗を感じさせるような動作を表します。
abatido
A2彼はその知らせを聞いて、とても落ち込んでいる様子だ。
abatimento
A2Dejection; a sad and depressed state; low spirits.
abertamente
A2公然と、隠さずに、率直に。
abismado
B1Filled with astonishment or wonder.
