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B2 verb 12分で読める

gränsa

練習する例文メモとヒント gränsa 30秒で

解説 gränsa in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'gränsa' might seem a bit advanced, but you can understand it in very simple contexts. Think about a map. When you talk about Sweden (Sverige), you can say 'Sverige gränsar till Norge' (Sweden borders Norway). This is a simple fact. You don't need to know complex grammar to use it this way. Just remember the structure: [Country A] + gränsar till + [Country B]. It's like saying 'is next to' but for countries. You might also hear it when talking about where you live, for example, if your garden is next to a park. A1 learners should focus on the present tense 'gränsar' and the preposition 'till'. Don't worry about the metaphorical meanings yet. Just use it for geography and simple locations. It's a useful word for basic introductions to your country or city. Imagine you are showing a friend a map; you point at the line between two countries and say 'gränsar'. This helps you build a visual connection. Even at this early stage, knowing 'gränsar till' helps you describe the world around you more accurately than just using 'är nära' (is near). It's a specific kind of 'nearness' that involves touching. Try making simple sentences with countries you know. 'Tyskland gränsar till Frankrike'. 'USA gränsar till Kanada'. This repetitive practice makes the word stick. Remember, at A1, we focus on the most common, literal use. You are building the foundation for more complex Swedish later on.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'gränsa' in slightly more descriptive ways. You are now able to talk about more than just countries. You can talk about houses, gardens, or rooms. For example, 'Mitt hus gränsar till en stor skog' (My house borders a large forest). You are also learning more tenses, so you can use the past tense: 'Vi bodde i ett område som gränsade till havet' (We lived in an area that bordered the sea). Notice the ending '-ade' for the past tense. This is a Group 1 verb, which is the easiest group to remember. You might also encounter the word in simple travel descriptions or when explaining where something is located in a city. 'Parken gränsar till biblioteket'. At A2, you should also be aware that the preposition 'till' is very important. Without it, the sentence doesn't work. You can also start to see the word in simple news headlines about borders. Understanding 'gränsa' helps you understand basic geography and property descriptions, which are common topics in A2 level reading materials. It's also a good time to learn the noun 'en gräns' (a border). This helps you see the relationship between the verb and the noun. If there is a 'gräns' between two things, they 'gränsar' to each other. This kind of word-family connection is very helpful for expanding your vocabulary at this stage. Keep your sentences clear and focused on physical things you can see on a map or in person.

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At the B1 level, you are becoming more comfortable with Swedish and can start to use 'gränsa' in more abstract ways. While you still use it for geography ('Sverige gränsar till Finland'), you can now use it to describe situations that are 'on the edge' of something else. For example, if a joke is almost rude, you might say 'Skämtet gränsar till att vara oförskämt' (The joke borders on being rude). This is a big step forward because you are using the verb to express an opinion or a nuance. You are also likely to encounter the word in more complex texts, like newspaper articles about politics or the environment. You might see sentences like 'Naturreservatet gränsar mot ett industriområde' (The nature reserve borders an industrial area). Notice the use of 'mot' here, which gives a sense of direction or orientation. B1 learners should practice using both 'till' and 'mot'. You should also be able to use the word in different forms, like the present participle 'gränsande' (neighboring). For example, 'De gränsande kommunerna samarbetar' (The neighboring municipalities are collaborating). This shows you can use the word as an adjective to describe nouns. At this level, you are expected to understand the word in a variety of contexts, from a simple map description to a more nuanced social observation. It's a versatile verb that helps you express boundaries, both physical and conceptual. Try to use it when you are describing a problem that is almost becoming a crisis, or a behavior that is almost unacceptable. This 'almost' quality is the key to the B1 usage of 'gränsa'.

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At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of both the literal and metaphorical uses of 'gränsa'. This is the level where the word really shines as a tool for sophisticated expression. You can use it to describe complex geopolitical situations, like 'De baltiska länderna gränsar till Ryssland', and discuss the implications of that proximity. More importantly, you can use it to describe the fine lines between different concepts. For example, in a debate, you might say 'Ditt argument gränsar till populism' (Your argument borders on populism). This shows you can identify and label the 'edge' of a concept. You should also be comfortable with the word in its adjectival form 'gränsande' and understand its role in formal writing. At B2, you are expected to know the difference between 'gränsa' and similar words like 'angränsa' or 'tangera'. You might choose 'tangera' if you want to say something just touches a topic, but 'gränsa till' if it is very close to being that thing. You should also be aware of common collocations, such as 'gränsa till galenskap' (border on madness) or 'gränsar till det omöjliga' (borders on the impossible). Your ability to use these idiomatic expressions will make your Swedish sound much more natural and advanced. In professional settings, you might use 'gränsa' to describe the scope of a project or the limits of a policy. 'Detta beslut gränsar till vårt ansvarsområde'. B2 learners should focus on the precision of the word—it's about where one thing ends and another begins, and the tension that exists at that boundary. It's a powerful word for critical thinking and detailed description.

At the C1 level, your use of 'gränsa' should be precise and nuanced. You are no longer just using it to describe borders on a map; you are using it to navigate the complexities of language and thought. You understand the subtle difference between 'gränsa till' and 'gränsa mot' and can choose the right one based on the context of orientation or connection. You can use 'gränsa' in highly formal or academic contexts, such as legal discussions about property rights or philosophical inquiries into the limits of knowledge. For example, 'Frågan om medvetande gränsar till både biologi och filosofi' (The question of consciousness borders on both biology and philosophy). You are also adept at using the word metaphorically to convey a sense of extreme proximity or risk. 'Hans agerande gränsade till tjänstefel' (His actions bordered on professional misconduct). At this level, you can appreciate the historical and cultural weight of the word, perhaps recognizing it in literature or historical texts about Sweden's shifting borders over the centuries. You can also use synonyms like 'angränsa' or 'ligga i omedelbar anslutning till' with ease, choosing the most appropriate one for the register of your speech or writing. C1 learners should also be able to identify and correct subtle errors in the use of 'gränsa', such as the incorrect use of prepositions by others. You use the word to create sophisticated comparisons and to define the boundaries of complex systems. It is a tool for professional-level communication, allowing you to describe not just where things are, but how they relate to each other at the most fundamental level. Your mastery of 'gränsa' reflects a deep understanding of the Swedish language's ability to define space and concept.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 'gränsa' and can use it with absolute precision and stylistic flair. You can weave it into complex narratives, academic papers, or high-level professional discussions without hesitation. You understand its most subtle connotations and can use it to evoke specific images or feelings. For example, in a literary context, you might use 'gränsa' to describe the blurred lines between reality and dream: 'Berättelsen gränsar hela tiden till det övernaturliga' (The story constantly borders on the supernatural). You are comfortable with all its grammatical forms and can use it in passive constructions or complex subordinate clauses if needed. You also understand the word's relationship to other terms in the same semantic field, such as 'periferi', 'limit', or 'demarkationslinje', and can use 'gränsa' to ground these more abstract terms in a concrete action. Your use of the word is not just correct; it is expressive. You might use it to describe the very limits of what is possible in a scientific experiment or the extreme edge of an emotional state. 'Hennes sorg gränsade till apati'. At C2, you can also play with the word, perhaps using it ironically or in a wordplay. You are fully aware of the cultural context in which the word is used, including its role in Swedish history and its importance in defining the Nordic identity. You use 'gränsa' to articulate the most delicate distinctions and to define the very architecture of your thoughts and arguments. It is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a fundamental part of your linguistic toolkit, used with the effortless grace of a master of the Swedish language.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

gränsa 30秒で

Gränsa is a verb meaning 'to border on' or 'to be adjacent to'.
It is a Group 1 verb: gränsa, gränsar, gränsade, gränsat.
It commonly takes the prepositions 'till' (to) or 'mot' (towards).
It is used both for physical geography and abstract, metaphorical states.

The Swedish verb gränsa is a fundamental term used to describe the physical or metaphorical proximity of one thing to another. At its core, it means 'to border' or 'to be adjacent to.' In a geographical sense, it is the standard way to describe which countries or regions share a boundary. For instance, if you are looking at a map of Northern Europe, you would say that Sweden gränsar till Norway and Finland. This physical application is the most common and is essential for anyone discussing geography, travel, or international relations in Swedish.

Physical Adjacency: Used when two landmasses, properties, or physical objects share a common line or boundary. It requires the preposition 'till' or 'mot'.

Tomten gränsar till en vacker skog.

The property borders a beautiful forest.

Beyond the physical, gränsa is frequently used metaphorically to describe qualities or behaviors that are very close to a certain state, often a negative or extreme one. If someone’s behavior is extremely eccentric, a Swede might say it 'gränsar till vansinne' (borders on insanity). This usage is common in intellectual debates, psychological assessments, and everyday gossip. It suggests a threshold is being approached or touched, even if it hasn't been fully crossed. This nuance is vital for B2 learners who are moving from concrete descriptions to abstract evaluations.

In formal contexts, such as legal documents or property deeds, gränsa is used with precision to define the limits of ownership. You might encounter it in news reports concerning geopolitical tensions or changes in administrative boundaries. For example, during discussions about the Schengen Area, the word appears frequently to describe external and internal borders. Understanding this word allows you to navigate both a map of Scandinavia and the complexities of Swedish social commentary. It is a bridge between the tangible world of soil and stone and the intangible world of ideas and ethics.

Metaphorical Use: Describes a state of being nearly identical to another condition, often used with abstract nouns like 'genius', 'madness', or 'rudeness'.

Hans genialitet gränsar till galenskap.

His genius borders on madness.

Furthermore, the word reflects the Swedish cultural emphasis on 'lagom' and boundaries. Knowing where one thing ends and another begins is a recurring theme in Swedish thought. Whether you are talking about the 'allemansrätten' (the right of public access) and where private land gränsar to public space, or discussing the limits of acceptable social behavior, this verb provides the necessary linguistic tool. It is not just about a line; it is about the relationship between two entities meeting at that line. By mastering 'gränsa', you master the art of defining relationships in space and concept.

Prepositional Patterns: 'Gränsa till' is used for the destination/neighboring entity. 'Gränsa mot' is often used to indicate the direction of the border.

Sverige gränsar mot Östersjön i öster.

Sweden borders the Baltic Sea to the east.

Using gränsa correctly requires attention to the prepositions that follow it. The most common preposition is till. When you say 'A gränsar till B', you are stating that A and B share a boundary. This is the standard construction for countries, properties, and metaphorical states. For example, 'Danmark gränsar till Tyskland' (Denmark borders Germany). If you omit the preposition, the sentence will feel incomplete and grammatically incorrect in most contexts.

The 'Till' Construction: Subject + gränsar + till + Object. This is the universal pattern for both literal and figurative bordering.

Denna politik gränsar till diskriminering.

This policy borders on discrimination.

Another preposition you might encounter is mot. While till focuses on the connection, mot often emphasizes the direction or the facing side of the border. You might say 'Gården gränsar mot skogen i norr' (The farm borders the forest in the north). Here, mot gives a sense of orientation. It is particularly common in technical descriptions of land or when describing a country's border with a body of water or a compass direction.

When using gränsa in the present participle form, gränsande, it acts as an adjective meaning 'neighboring' or 'adjacent'. For example, 'de gränsande länderna' (the bordering countries). This is useful for writing more complex sentences where you want to describe a group of entities that share a boundary. In academic or journalistic Swedish, this form is very frequent. For instance, 'Konflikten påverkar även gränsande regioner' (The conflict also affects neighboring regions).

The 'Mot' Construction: Subject + gränsar + mot + [Direction/Object]. Used to specify orientation or facing.

Huset gränsar mot en trafikerad väg.

The house borders a busy road.

In metaphorical usage, the choice is almost always till. You border 'on' a state. This is a very powerful rhetorical tool. If you want to criticize someone's logic without calling them a liar, you might say 'Ditt påstående gränsar till lögn' (Your claim borders on a lie). It provides a degree of subtlety and sophistication to your Swedish. It allows you to place a concept on the edge of a category, which is a key skill for B2 and C1 level communication.

Adjectival Use: The present participle 'gränsande' is used to describe things that are adjacent.

Vi besökte flera gränsande kommuner.

We visited several neighboring municipalities.

If you listen to the Swedish news, specifically Ekot or watch Rapport, you will hear gränsa constantly. It is the language of geopolitics. When journalists discuss the NATO border with Russia, they use this verb. When they talk about the Oresund Bridge and how Sweden gränsar till Denmark via a fixed link, they use this verb. It is a word of national identity and geography, appearing in every school textbook and every news bulletin regarding international affairs.

News & Media: Used to describe international relations, border controls, and territorial disputes.

Området gränsar direkt till konfliktzonen.

The area borders directly on the conflict zone.

In the world of real estate and property ownership, gränsa is equally prevalent. If you are buying a summer house (sommarstuga) in Sweden, you will read descriptions like 'Tomten gränsar till en sjö' (The lot borders a lake). This is a major selling point in Swedish culture, where proximity to nature is highly valued. Real estate agents use this word to highlight the desirable surroundings of a property. Whether it's a forest, a meadow, or a neighbor's fence, gränsa defines the limits of your private sanctuary.

In academic and scientific discourse, particularly in biology or ecology, researchers use gränsa to describe habitats. For example, 'Våtmarken gränsar till åkermark' (The wetland borders farmland). In psychology and sociology, it is used to describe the limits of human behavior or social norms. You might hear a professor say, 'Detta beteende gränsar till det patologiska' (This behavior borders on the pathological). This demonstrates the word's transition from concrete physical space to abstract conceptual space.

Academic Discourse: Used in ecology to define habitats and in social sciences to define the limits of norms.

Studien gränsar till flera olika forskningsfält.

The study borders on several different research fields.

Finally, you will hear it in everyday conversations when Swedes express strong opinions. It's a way to emphasize how extreme something is. 'Det gränsar till tjänstefel!' (It borders on professional misconduct!) is a common exclamation in a workplace when someone is frustrated with a colleague's incompetence. Or, 'Hans humor gränsar till det smaklösa' (His humor borders on the tasteless). In these cases, the word acts as a warning or a sharp critique, showing that something has almost gone too far. It is a word that carries weight in Swedish social dynamics.

Daily Expressions: Used to emphasize the extremity of a situation or behavior.

Priserna gränsar till ocker.

The prices border on usury.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is using the wrong preposition. In English, we say 'border on' or just 'border'. In Swedish, you must use till or mot. Using 'på' (the literal translation of 'on') is a common 'Swenglish' mistake. For example, saying 'Sverige gränsar på Norge' is incorrect and sounds very unnatural to a native speaker. Always pair gränsa with till for the most natural result.

Preposition Error: Don't say 'gränsa på'. Always use 'gränsa till' or 'gränsa mot'.

FEL: Filmen gränsar på tråkig. RÄTT: Filmen gränsar till att vara tråkig.

Incorrect vs Correct usage in a metaphorical context.

Another common confusion is between gränsa and begränsa. While they share the same root, they mean very different things. Gränsa means to border or be adjacent to, while begränsa means to limit or restrict. For example, 'Vi måste begränsa våra utgifter' (We must limit our expenses) uses the latter. Confusing these two can lead to significant misunderstandings, especially in business or legal contexts where 'limiting' and 'bordering' are distinct concepts.

Learners also sometimes confuse gränsa with angränsa. While they are very similar, angränsa is often used as a present participle (angränsande) and is slightly more formal. You can say 'ett angränsande rum' (an adjacent room), but you wouldn't usually say 'ett gränsande rum' unless you were specifically talking about the border of the room. Using gränsa for small objects, like 'pennan gränsar till boken' (the pen borders the book), also feels a bit strange. Gränsa is typically reserved for larger entities like land, buildings, or abstract concepts.

Vocabulary Nuance: Use 'ligga bredvid' or 'vara intill' for small everyday objects instead of 'gränsa'.

Staden gränsar till havet, men min tallrik står bredvid glaset.

Distinction between large-scale bordering and small-scale proximity.

Finally, remember the conjugation. Because gränsa is a Group 1 verb, some learners mistakenly try to conjugate it like Group 2 verbs (e.g., 'gränste' instead of 'gränsade'). This is a common pattern error for those who are still internalizing Swedish verb groups. Stick to the '-ade' and '-at' endings. Consistency in these basic forms is what separates an intermediate learner from an advanced one. Practice saying 'Sverige gränsade till...' to get the rhythm of the past tense correct in your mind.

Conjugation Check: Gränsa (inf), gränsar (pres), gränsade (past), gränsat (supine). Don't mix it up with other groups.

Vi har alltid gränsat till samma grannar.

Perfect tense usage: 'We have always bordered the same neighbors.'

To truly sound like a native, you need to know when to use gränsa and when to choose a synonym. The most direct alternative is angränsa. While they are often interchangeable, angränsa feels slightly more formal and is frequently used as an adjective (angränsande). If you are writing a formal report or a legal document, angränsa might be the better choice. However, in spoken Swedish, gränsa is far more common.

Gränsa vs. Angränsa: Gränsa: General use, metaphorical use. Angränsa: Formal, technical, often used as 'angränsande'.

Hotellet har flera angränsande rum för familjer.

The hotel has several adjacent rooms for families.

If you want to describe things that are just 'near' each other without necessarily sharing a border, use ligga intill or ligga bredvid. For instance, 'Skolan ligger intill parken' (The school is next to the park). This is less formal and doesn't imply a strict boundary line the way gränsa does. If two things are close but there is a small space between them, gränsa would be technically incorrect, whereas ligga intill would still work.

In metaphorical contexts, tangera is a sophisticated alternative. It literally means 'to touch' or 'to be a tangent to'. You might hear someone say, 'Frågan tangerar ett känsligt ämne' (The question touches on a sensitive subject). It is slightly softer than gränsa. While gränsa till suggests something is almost becoming that other thing, tangera suggests a brief or light connection. Choosing between these two depends on how strongly you want to link the two concepts.

Tangera vs. Gränsa: Gränsa: Strong proximity, almost identical. Tangera: Light contact, touching upon a topic.

Hans förslag tangerar vår huvudstrategi.

His proposal touches upon our main strategy.

Another word to consider is närma sig (to approach). While gränsa is static (the border is already there), närma sig is dynamic. If something is getting closer and closer to a limit, use närma sig. For example, 'Temperaturen närmar sig nollgradigt' (The temperature is approaching zero degrees). Once it is at the very edge, you could say it gränsar till minusgrader. Understanding these distinctions helps you describe states of being and movement with much greater precision.

Närma sig vs. Gränsa: Närma sig: Moving toward a point. Gränsa: Being at the point/boundary.

Vi närmar oss den norska gränsen.

We are approaching the Norwegian border.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Before 'gräns' was borrowed from German/Slavic, Swedes used words like 'rå' or 'märke' to describe boundaries.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈɡrɛnsa/

US /ˈɡrɛnsa/

Stress is on the first syllable: GRÄN-sa.

韻が合う語

rensa pensla känsla svänga längta vänta hämta flämta

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'g' as 'j' (it should be hard).
Making the 'ä' sound like 'ay'.
Forgetting to pronounce the final 'a'.
Adding an 'i' sound before 's'.
Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in geographic contexts.

ライティング 3/5

Requires correct preposition (till/mot).

スピーキング 3/5

Metaphorical use requires B2 level nuance.

リスニング 2/5

Clear pronunciation, easy to hear in news.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

gräns land nära mellan till

次に学ぶ

begränsa avgränsa territorium omnejd angränsande

上級

demarkationslinje jurisdiktion periferi kontiguitet tangera

知っておくべき文法

Group 1 Verbs

gränsa -> gränsar -> gränsade -> gränsat

Prepositional Verbs

gränsa + till/mot

Present Participle as Adjective

de gränsande områdena

Definite vs Indefinite with Prepositions

gränsar till skogen (def) vs gränsar till en skog (indef)

Word Formation with -ing

gränsdragning (noun from verb)

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レベル別の例文

Sverige gränsar till Norge.

Sweden borders Norway.

Present tense: gränsar + till.

Vilka länder gränsar till Tyskland?

Which countries border Germany?

Question form with 'vilka'.

Finland gränsar till Sverige i väster.

Finland borders Sweden in the west.

Adding a direction (i väster).

Min trädgård gränsar till en park.

My garden borders a park.

Common noun 'trädgård'.

Gränsar din tomt till vägen?

Does your plot border the road?

Yes/No question structure.

Spanien gränsar till Portugal.

Spain borders Portugal.

Simple geography.

Här gränsar vi till skogen.

Here we border the forest.

Using 'här' for location.

Landet gränsar till havet.

The country borders the sea.

Definite noun 'landet'.

Vårt sommarställe gränsade till en sjö.

Our summer place bordered a lake.

Past tense: gränsade.

Skolan gränsar mot en stor fotbollsplan.

The school borders a large football field.

Using 'mot' for direction/facing.

De gränsande länderna har bra kontakt.

The bordering countries have good contact.

Present participle as adjective: gränsande.

Huset gränsar direkt till stranden.

The house borders directly on the beach.

Adverb 'direkt'.

Fastigheten har gränsat till samma gård i 100 år.

The property has bordered the same farm for 100 years.

Present perfect: har gränsat.

Kommunen gränsar till tre andra kommuner.

The municipality borders three other municipalities.

Plural noun 'kommuner'.

Vägen gränsar mot bergen.

The road borders the mountains.

Using 'mot'.

Vem gränsar ni till i norr?

Who do you border in the north?

Question with 'vem'.

Hans beteende gränsar till att vara oförskämt.

His behavior borders on being rude.

Metaphorical use with 'att vara'.

Området gränsar till ett naturreservat.

The area borders a nature reserve.

Specific vocabulary 'naturreservat'.

Det här förslaget gränsar till genialitet.

This proposal borders on genius.

Abstract noun 'genialitet'.

Butiken gränsar mot torget.

The shop borders the square.

Spatial orientation.

Många gränsande städer har liknande problem.

Many neighboring cities have similar problems.

Plural adjective 'gränsande'.

Det gränsade till kaos efter matchen.

It bordered on chaos after the match.

Past tense metaphorical use.

Vår tomt gränsar mot grannens staket.

Our plot borders the neighbor's fence.

Possessive 'grannens'.

Situationen gränsar till en kris.

The situation borders on a crisis.

Noun 'kris'.

Politiskt sett gränsar partiet till extremism.

Politically speaking, the party borders on extremism.

Adverbial phrase 'politiskt sett'.

Hans kritik gränsar till personangrepp.

His criticism borders on personal attack.

Compound noun 'personangrepp'.

Projektet gränsar till flera olika expertområden.

The project borders on several different areas of expertise.

Abstract boundary.

Detta beslut gränsar till lagbrott.

This decision borders on a violation of the law.

Serious legal context.

Filmen gränsar till det surrealistiska.

The film borders on the surreal.

Adjective used as a noun 'det surrealistiska'.

Prissättningen gränsar till ocker.

The pricing borders on usury.

Specific term 'ocker'.

Arbetet gränsar till vad som är mänskligt möjligt.

The work borders on what is humanly possible.

Complex relative clause.

De gränsande provinserna har slutit ett avtal.

The bordering provinces have signed an agreement.

Formal administrative context.

Deras argumentation gränsar till sofisteri.

Their argumentation borders on sophistry.

Advanced vocabulary 'sofisteri'.

Forskningen gränsar till etiskt tveksamma metoder.

The research borders on ethically questionable methods.

Complex noun phrase.

Diktaturen gränsar mot demokratiska stater.

The dictatorship borders democratic states.

Geopolitical nuance.

Upptäckten gränsar till science fiction.

The discovery borders on science fiction.

Cultural reference.

Hans arrogans gränsar till det outhärdliga.

His arrogance borders on the unbearable.

Nuanced emotional state.

Texten gränsar till att vara helt obegriplig.

The text borders on being completely incomprehensible.

Evaluation of quality.

Fastigheten gränsar mot kronans mark.

The property borders the Crown's land.

Archaic/Legal term 'kronans mark'.

Det gränsar till ett mirakel att de överlevde.

It borders on a miracle that they survived.

Idiomatic expression.

Verket gränsar till en total dekonstruktion av genren.

The work borders on a total deconstruction of the genre.

Academic literary criticism.

Hans retorik gränsar till ren demagogi.

His rhetoric borders on pure demagoguery.

Advanced political terminology.

Beslutet gränsar till ett konstitutionellt krisläge.

The decision borders on a constitutional state of crisis.

High-level legal/political context.

Filosofin gränsar till det metafysiska.

The philosophy borders on the metaphysical.

Abstract concept.

Detta agerande gränsar till landsförräderi.

This action borders on treason.

Extreme legal accusation.

Målningen gränsar till det sublima.

The painting borders on the sublime.

Aesthetic category.

Teorin gränsar till att vara ovetenskaplig.

The theory borders on being unscientific.

Epistemological critique.

Händelsen gränsar till att bli en internationell incident.

The event borders on becoming an international incident.

Diplomatic terminology.

よく使う組み合わせ

gränsa till

gränsa mot

gränsa till galenskap

gränsa till det omöjliga

gränsa till lögn

gränsa till genombrott

gränsa till varandra

direkt gränsande

gränsa i norr

gränsa till det absurda

よく使うフレーズ

Det gränsar till...

— Used to express that something is almost a certain state.

Det gränsar till oförskämdhet.

Gränsa till varandra

— To share a mutual border.

Sverige och Norge gränsar till varandra.

Gränsa mot havet

— To have a coastline.

Halland gränsar mot havet.

Gränsa till vansinne

— To be nearly insane.

Hans tempo gränsar till vansinne.

Gränsa till framgång

— To be on the verge of success.

Vi gränsar till en stor framgång.

Gränsa till fusk

— To be almost cheating.

Det här gränsar till fusk.

Gränsa till det löjliga

— To be almost ridiculous.

Hennes hatt gränsar till det löjliga.

Gränsa till sanningen

— To be close to the truth.

Det han säger gränsar till sanningen.

Gränsa till katastrof

— To be on the edge of disaster.

Ekonomin gränsar till katastrof.

Gränsa till det heliga

— To be close to something sacred.

Platsen gränsar till det heliga.

よく混同される語

gränsa vs begränsa

Means 'to limit' or 'to restrict', not 'to border'.

gränsa vs angränsa

A very close synonym, but more formal and often used as an adjective.

gränsa vs grina

Means 'to cry' or 'to grin', sounds slightly similar but unrelated.

慣用句と表現

"Gränsa till galenskap"

— To be extremely eccentric or risky.

Hans bilkörning gränsar till galenskap.

Informal

"Gränsa till det omöjliga"

— To be extremely difficult.

Uppgiften gränsar till det omöjliga.

Neutral

"Gränsa till löje"

— To be so bad it's funny.

Filmen gränsar till löje.

Neutral

"Gränsa till genombrott"

— To be very close to a discovery.

Vi gränsar till ett genombrott.

Professional

"Gränsa till det otillåtna"

— To be nearly illegal.

Metoden gränsar till det otillåtna.

Formal

"Gränsa till det sublima"

— To be nearly perfect or divine.

Musiken gränsar till det sublima.

Literary

"Gränsa till det absurda"

— To be nearly nonsensical.

Kraven gränsar till det absurda.

Neutral

"Gränsa till det patologiska"

— To be nearly a medical condition.

Hans oro gränsar till det patologiska.

Academic

"Gränsa till det outhärdliga"

— To be almost impossible to bear.

Smärtan gränsar till det outhärdliga.

Neutral

"Gränsa till det triviala"

— To be almost too simple or unimportant.

Frågan gränsar till det triviala.

Academic

間違えやすい

gränsa vs gräns

Noun vs Verb

Gräns is the line itself; gränsa is the act of sharing that line.

Gränsen är lång. Länderna gränsar till varandra.

gränsa vs begränsa

Shared root

Begränsa is an active restriction (to limit), gränsa is a state of adjacency.

Vi måste begränsa farten. Vägen gränsar till åkern.

gränsa vs avgränsa

Shared root

Avgränsa means to define or mark out a boundary specifically.

Vi avgränsade området med rep.

gränsa vs grann

Meaning

Grann usually means 'pretty' or is part of 'granne' (neighbor), whereas gränsa is the verb for bordering.

En grann flicka bor hos grannen vars tomt gränsar till vår.

gränsa vs ligga

General location

Ligga is just 'to be located', gränsa is specifically 'to touch at a border'.

Sverige ligger i Norden och gränsar till Norge.

文型パターン

[Land] gränsar till [Land].

Sverige gränsar till Norge.

[Plats] gränsade till [Plats].

Huset gränsade till sjön.

[Beteende] gränsar till [Egenskap].

Det gränsar till galenskap.

[Plats] gränsar mot [Riktning].

Tomten gränsar mot norr.

De [adjektiv] områdena...

De gränsande länderna...

Det gränsar till att vara [adjektiv].

Det gränsar till att vara olagligt.

[Koncept] gränsar till [Koncept].

Filosofin gränsar till teologi.

[Abstrakt noun] gränsar till det [adjektiv i bestämd form].

Skönheten gränsar till det sublima.

語族

名詞

gräns (border)

gränsdragning (demarcation)

gränsövergång (border crossing)

begränsning (limitation)

動詞

begränsa (to limit)

avgränsa (to define/delimit)

angränsa (to be adjacent)

形容詞

gränslös (borderless/limitless)

angränsande (adjacent)

begränsad (limited)

使い方

frequency

Common in news, geography, and evaluative descriptions.

よくある間違い

Sverige gränsar på Norge. → Sverige gränsar till Norge.
Using 'på' instead of 'till' is a common English-interference error.
Jag måste gränsa min tid. → Jag måste begränsa min tid.
Confusing 'gränsa' with 'begränsa' (to limit).
De gränste till varandra. → De gränsade till varandra.
Incorrect conjugation for a Group 1 verb.
Boken gränsar till pennan. → Boken ligger bredvid pennan.
Using 'gränsa' for small objects where 'ligga bredvid' is more natural.
Det gränsar med galenskap. → Det gränsar till galenskap.
Using 'med' (with) instead of 'till'.

ヒント

Preposition Power

Always pair 'gränsa' with 'till' for countries and metaphorical states. It's the most common mistake for English speakers.

Verb vs Noun

Remember: 'en gräns' (a border), 'att gränsa' (to border). They work together to describe boundaries.

Metaphorical Nuance

Use 'gränsar till' when you want to describe something extreme without being 100% definitive. It adds subtlety.

Map Talk

When describing Sweden, always say 'Sverige gränsar till Norge och Finland'. It's a standard sentence for learners.

Hemnet Hunting

If you're looking for a house in Sweden, the word 'gränsar' in the description usually means a better view or more privacy.

Expressing Opinions

Say 'Det gränsar till...' to criticize something in a slightly more formal and heavy way.

Interdisciplinary Use

In essays, use 'gränsa till' to show how two different fields of study overlap or touch.

Property Lines

In legal contexts, 'gränsa mot' is often used to define exact directions of property boundaries.

The 'T' Rule

Gränsar starts with 'G' but always wants 'T' (till). Think: 'Gränsar Till'.

News Clues

Listen for this word in news about NATO or the EU; it's a key word for international relations.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the word 'GRASS' and 'FENCE'. A 'gränsa' is where your GRASS meets the neighbor's fence. It's the 'GR-ound' where things meet.

視覚的連想

Imagine a map of Sweden with a thick red line (gräns) between it and Norway. The countries are 'gränsar' to each other.

Word Web

gräns karta land granne linje närhet till mot

チャレンジ

Try to describe five countries that gränsar to your home country using the correct preposition 'till'.

語源

The word 'gränsa' is derived from the noun 'gräns', which comes from the Middle Low German 'grenize'.

元の意味： The word ultimately has Slavic roots (compare Polish 'granica'). It entered Swedish in the late Middle Ages.

Indo-European -> Germanic -> North Germanic -> Swedish (with Slavic loanword roots).

文化的な背景

Be careful when discussing borders in sensitive political contexts, as 'gränsa' can imply territorial claims.

English speakers often use 'border' as both a noun and verb. Swedish uses 'gräns' (noun) and 'gränsa' (verb) similarly, but the preposition 'till' is mandatory.

Sveriges gränser (Historical concept) Gräns (2018 Swedish film by Ali Abbasi) Öresundsbron (The bridge that connects bordering nations)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Geography

Gränsar till Norge
Dela en gräns
Gränsande länder
Gränsar mot havet

Real Estate

Tomten gränsar till
Gränsande fastighet
Gränsdragning
Gränsar mot allmänning

Psychology/Behavior

Gränsar till galenskap
Gränsar till det patologiska
Gränsar till geni
Gränsar till oförskämdhet

Politics

Gränsar till extremism
Gränsar till lagbrott
Gränsöverskridande samarbete
Gränsar till konfliktzonen

Science/Ecology

Habitatet gränsar till
Gränsande ekosystem
Gränsar till det okända
Gränsar till science fiction

会話のきっかけ

"Vilka länder gränsar till ditt hemland?"

"Gränsar din trädgård eller balkong till något intressant?"

"Har du någonsin sett ett beteende som gränsar till galenskap?"

"Tycker du att Sverige gränsar till för många eller för få länder?"

"När gränsar en hobby till att bli en besatthet?"

日記のテーマ

Beskriv ett land du vill besöka och vilka länder det gränsar till.

Skriv om en situation där någons humor gränsade till det smaklösa.

Reflektera över var gränsen går mellan mod och dumdristighet. När gränsar det ena till det andra?

Beskriv din drömtomt. Vad skulle den gränsa till? En sjö, en skog eller en stad?

Diskutera ett politiskt beslut som du tycker gränsar till att vara orättvist.

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'gränsar på' is a direct translation from English and is incorrect. Use 'gränsar till'.

'Till' is the general preposition for the neighbor. 'Mot' is used to show direction (e.g., gränsar mot öster).

It's neutral. It can be used in everyday speech and formal documents.

Only metaphorically (e.g., his behavior). Not to say two people are standing next to each other.

Group 1 (the -ar, -ade, -at group).

Yes, it is the present participle used as an adjective meaning 'neighboring'.

It sounds a bit strange. Use 'ligga bredvid' for small objects.

No, that is 'begränsa'.

Gränsar till galenskap.

It is 'gränsade'.

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