脱臼 30秒で
- To dislocate a joint; bone out of place.
- Medical term for a joint injury where bones separate.
- Common in sports injuries and accidents.
- Requires medical attention to reset.
- Meaning
- The Chinese word 脱臼 (tuō jiù) is a verb that describes the act of a bone being forced out of its normal position in a joint. In simpler terms, it means to dislocate or to put something out of joint. This term is most commonly used in medical contexts, particularly when discussing injuries related to bones and joints. It can refer to accidental dislocations that happen during sports, falls, or other physical activities, as well as dislocations that might occur due to underlying medical conditions or during medical procedures. The word is straightforward and directly conveys the idea of a joint being displaced. When someone experiences a dislocated shoulder, hip, or finger, this is the term that would be used to describe their injury. It's important to note that while it can technically be used for inanimate objects, its primary and most frequent application is for human or animal anatomy. For example, a doctor might tell a patient, 'Your shoulder has been 脱臼 (dislocated).' Similarly, a sports coach might be concerned if an athlete complains of pain that suggests a 脱臼 (dislocation). The term is direct and functional, focusing on the physical state of the joint. It does not carry any strong emotional connotations on its own, but the situation it describes often involves pain and distress. Understanding 脱臼 is crucial for comprehending basic medical information and discussions about physical injuries in Chinese. It is a term that is widely understood and used by medical professionals and the general public alike when discussing such issues. The character 脱 (tuō) means to take off or shed, and 臼 (jiù) refers to a mortar or joint, so literally, it suggests the 'taking off' or separation of a joint. This etymology helps in visualizing the meaning. It's a term that is best learned in the context of physical health and injury, where its meaning is unambiguous and its usage is consistent. The word is generally used to describe the state of being dislocated or the action of causing a dislocation. For instance, if someone falls awkwardly, they might suffer a 脱臼. The severity of the situation necessitates the use of such a specific term. It is not a word that would typically appear in casual, everyday conversations unrelated to health or accidents. It is a word that you would encounter in a hospital, a doctor's office, or when discussing a sports injury. The clarity of the term makes it an essential part of medical vocabulary in Mandarin Chinese. The concept of dislocation is universal, and 脱臼 is the precise Chinese term for it. Its A2 CEFR level indicates that it's a foundational word for understanding common medical situations.
She fell and her shoulder 脱臼.
The doctor had to reset his 脱臼 finger.
- Usage Note
- The verb 脱臼 (tuō jiù) is generally used in sentences to describe the event of a dislocation or the state of being dislocated. It can be used actively, implying someone or something caused the dislocation, or passively, describing the resulting condition. When used as a verb, it often follows the subject that is affected by the dislocation. For instance, one might say '我的肩膀脱臼了' (Wǒ de jiānbǎng tuō jiù le), meaning 'My shoulder got dislocated.' The particle '了' (le) is commonly used to indicate a change of state or the completion of an action, which fits well with the concept of a dislocation occurring. In medical contexts, doctors might use it to explain a diagnosis, such as '他脱臼需要手术' (Tā tuō jiù xūyào shǒushù), meaning 'He has a dislocation and needs surgery.' The word can also be used in a more general sense to describe an injury. For example, in a sports report, you might read, '运动员在比赛中脱臼，不得不退赛' (Yùndòngyuán zài bǐsài zhōng tuō jiù, bùdé bù tuìsài), meaning 'The athlete dislocated (a joint) during the competition and had to withdraw.' When discussing the cause of a dislocation, other verbs or phrases might precede 脱臼. For example, '一次意外的摔倒导致了他的脱臼' (Yīcì yìwài de shuāidǎo dǎozhì le tā de tuō jiù), meaning 'An accidental fall caused his dislocation.' Here, 脱臼 acts more like a noun phrase ('his dislocation'), but it is derived from the verb. To actively dislocate something, you might use phrases like '把...弄脱臼' (bǎ...nòng tuō jiù), meaning 'to dislocate something.' For instance, '他试图把玩具的胳膊弄脱臼' (Tā shìtú bǎ wánjù de gēbó nòng tuō jiù), 'He tried to dislocate the toy's arm.' However, this is less common and usually implies forceful manipulation. The most frequent usage is to describe the state of a joint being dislocated. It's important to remember that 脱臼 is primarily a medical term, so its context will usually involve health, injuries, or physical activities where such injuries are possible. When practicing, try to construct sentences describing common sports injuries or accidents that might lead to a dislocation. Consider also the context of a doctor explaining an injury to a patient. The word is quite specific, so it's less likely to be used metaphorically, unlike some other words. The grammatical structure is usually Subject + 脱臼 + (了). Alternatively, it can be part of a description of an injury: '患有脱臼' (huàn yǒu tuō jiù), meaning 'suffering from a dislocation.' The simplicity of its structure makes it relatively easy to incorporate into sentences once the core meaning is understood. The key is to associate it with body parts and injury scenarios. The word's directness makes it a reliable term for clear communication about physical trauma.
After the fall, his wrist 脱臼.
The doctor confirmed the knee 脱臼.
She was worried about 脱臼 when playing soccer.
- Contexts
- You will most commonly encounter the word 脱臼 (tuō jiù) in settings related to health and physical well-being. Hospitals and clinics are prime locations where doctors, nurses, and patients discuss injuries. For instance, a doctor might explain to a patient, '你的肩膀脱臼了，我们需要把它复位' (Nǐ de jiānbǎng tuō jiù le, wǒmen xūyào bǎ tā fùwèi), meaning 'Your shoulder is dislocated, we need to put it back in place.' In sports medicine, this term is frequently used. Trainers and physiotherapists will use 脱臼 when assessing and treating athletes. You might hear a coach say, '小心别让脱臼' (Xiǎoxīn bié ràng tuō jiù), which translates to 'Be careful not to dislocate (your joint).' News reports about sports accidents or athlete injuries are another place where this word might appear. For example, a sports news anchor might report, '这位运动员在比赛中脱臼，赛季提前结束' (Zhè wèi yùndòngyuán zài bǐsài zhōng tuō jiù, sàijì tíqián jiéshù), meaning 'This athlete dislocated (a joint) during the competition, ending his season early.' Even in everyday conversations among friends or family, if someone has suffered a significant injury, they might describe it using 脱臼. For example, '我叔叔不小心从楼梯上摔下来，脱臼了' (Wǒ shūshu bù xiǎoxīn cóng lóutī shàng shuāi xiàlái, tuō jiù le), meaning 'My uncle accidentally fell down the stairs and dislocated (a joint).' While less common, discussions about physical therapy or rehabilitation exercises might also involve this term, especially when referring to the joint that needs to be carefully managed post-dislocation. You might also find it in health-related articles or books that discuss common injuries. The term is direct and specific, so it's typically used when there is a clear physical injury to discuss. It is not a word you would typically hear in casual chat about the weather or food, but rather when discussing a physical ailment or accident. Consider the context of emergency rooms, orthopedic departments, or even conversations about safety precautions during strenuous activities. The word 脱臼 is a functional term that signals a specific medical event. Its presence in a conversation or text strongly indicates a focus on physical health and potential injuries. It's a word that resonates with the physical experience of pain and immobility associated with a dislocated joint. Therefore, when you hear or read 脱臼, expect the surrounding discussion to be about accidents, medical treatment, or physical recovery.
The sports doctor diagnosed a dislocated shoulder, or 脱臼.
He recounted how his elbow 脱臼 during a rugby match.
- Pitfalls
- One common mistake when learning 脱臼 (tuō jiù) is confusing it with similar-sounding words or terms that describe related but distinct conditions. For instance, learners might confuse it with words related to fractures (骨折 gǔzhé) or sprains (扭伤 niǔshāng). While all are types of injuries, a dislocation specifically refers to the displacement of bones within a joint, whereas a fracture is a break in the bone, and a sprain involves damage to the ligaments. Using 脱臼 when the injury is actually a fracture or sprain would be incorrect. Another potential pitfall is the misuse of the characters themselves. The character 脱 (tuō) means to shed or take off, and 臼 (jiù) refers to a mortar or joint. Learners might inadvertently swap these characters or use a character with a similar sound but different meaning, leading to nonsensical or incorrect phrasing. For example, using a character that sounds like 脱 but means something else entirely could be a source of error. Grammatically, learners might struggle with the placement of 脱臼 in a sentence. While it functions as a verb, it's often used in simpler sentence structures like Subject + 脱臼 + 了. Overcomplicating the sentence structure or using it in contexts where a more nuanced verb is required could lead to errors. For instance, trying to use it as a transitive verb to actively dislocate something without the correct structure (e.g., using '把' - bǎ) can be tricky. A common error might be to say something like '我脱臼了他的胳膊' (Wǒ tuō jiù le tā de gēbó) which is grammatically awkward and could be misinterpreted. The correct way to express actively causing a dislocation would involve phrases like '弄脱臼' (nòng tuō jiù). Another mistake is using 脱臼 to describe something that is merely loose or wobbly, rather than a proper joint displacement. The term is quite specific to the medical definition of dislocation. For instance, saying 'This table leg is 脱臼' would be incorrect; a better term would be 'loose' or 'wobbly.' Finally, pronunciation can be a challenge. Mispronouncing the tones, especially for 脱 (tuō) and 臼 (jiù), can lead to confusion with other words or simply make the word difficult to understand. Practicing the tones and the correct articulation of each syllable is crucial for effective communication. It's also important to remember that 脱臼 is primarily used for joints, not for other parts of the body that might become detached. For example, you wouldn't say a tooth is 脱臼; it would be '拔牙' (bá yá - to pull a tooth) or '牙齿松动' (yáchǐ sōngdòng - loose tooth). Understanding these nuances will help learners use the word accurately and avoid common errors.
Mistake: He said his leg was 脱臼 after running, but it was just a sprain.
Correct Usage: His leg was not 脱臼; it was a sprain.
- Comparisons
- When discussing injuries, several terms are related to 脱臼 (tuō jiù) but have distinct meanings. The most common related terms are 骨折 (gǔzhé) and 扭伤 (niǔshāng). 脱臼 refers to a dislocation, where a bone is forced out of its joint. 骨折 means a fracture or break in a bone. The injury involves the bone itself breaking, not necessarily the joint separating. For example, 'He broke his arm' would be '他骨折了胳膊' (Tā gǔzhé le gēbó). 扭伤 means to sprain, which involves damage to the ligaments around a joint, often due to overstretching or tearing. A sprain is less severe than a dislocation or fracture, affecting the soft tissues rather than the bones or joint alignment. For instance, 'She sprained her ankle' would be '她扭伤了脚踝' (Tā niǔshāng le jiǎohuái). In terms of severity, generally, fractures and dislocations are considered more serious than sprains. 脱臼 specifically describes the joint's state, while 骨折 describes the bone's state. 扭伤 is about the supporting tissues. Another term that might be confused is 岔气 (chàqì), which means to get a stitch or a side ache, usually from exertion. This is completely unrelated to bone injuries. In some very specific medical procedures, the term 复位 (fùwèi), meaning 'to reset' or 'to reduce' (a dislocation), is used in conjunction with 脱臼. For example, '医生正在给病人复位 脱臼的肩膀' (Yīshēng zhèngzài gěi bìngrén fùwèi tuō jiù de jiānbǎng), meaning 'The doctor is resetting the patient's dislocated shoulder.' When discussing dislocations, you might also hear about '关节' (guānjié), meaning 'joint.' So, a dislocated joint is 关节脱臼 (guānjié tuō jiù). If you need to express the idea of something being 'out of place' in a more general, non-medical sense, you might use 移位 (yíwèi), but this is not specific to bone injuries. For example, furniture might be 移位. Therefore, 脱臼 is precise for bone dislocations. It's important to choose the correct term based on the specific type of injury. A summary table might look like this:
Term Meaning Type of Injury 脱臼 Dislocation Joint displacement 骨折 Fracture Bone break 扭伤 Sprain Ligament damage
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The character 臼 (jiù) itself is quite old and has a pictographic origin, possibly representing a mortar with a pestle. Its use to denote a joint is a semantic extension, drawing a parallel between the fitting parts of a mortar and the articulation of bones in a joint.
発音ガイド
- Incorrect tones: Mispronouncing the tones of 'tuō' (first tone) and 'jiù' (fourth tone) can significantly alter the meaning.
- Vowel sound: The 'uo' in 'tuō' and the 'iu' in 'jiù' can be tricky for English speakers. Ensuring the diphthongs are pronounced correctly is important.
- Initial consonant: The 'j' in 'jiù' is a palatal affricate, similar to the 'j' in 'jewel', not the 'j' in 'jump'.
難易度
The word is specific to medical contexts. Understanding its usage requires familiarity with injury-related vocabulary. While the characters themselves are not overly complex, the concept of dislocation is specific.
Accurate use requires understanding of medical terminology and sentence structure. Confusing it with similar injury terms or misplacing it grammatically are common challenges.
Pronunciation, especially tones, is crucial. Learners need to practice saying the word clearly and in context to be understood.
Recognizing the word in spoken contexts, especially amidst other medical or injury-related terms, can be challenging for beginners.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Using 了 (le) to indicate a change of state or completed action.
我的肩膀脱臼了。(My shoulder got dislocated.)
Using 把 (bǎ) to indicate disposal or cause of action.
他把胳膊弄脱臼了。(He dislocated his arm.) - Note: This structure is less common for describing one's own dislocation and more for causing it to something/someone else.
Using causative verbs like '使' (shǐ) or '让' (ràng) to indicate causing something.
这次事故使他的膝盖脱臼。(This accident caused his knee to dislocate.)
Using attributive phrases to describe the type of dislocation.
这是习惯性的脱臼。(This is a habitual dislocation.)
Using prepositions like '在' (zài) to indicate context or location.
他在打球时，肩膀脱臼了。(While playing ball, his shoulder dislocated.)
レベル別の例文
我的手脱臼了。
My hand is dislocated.
他肩膀脱臼了。
His shoulder is dislocated.
小心，别让它脱臼。
Be careful, don't let it get dislocated.
医生说我脱臼了。
The doctor said I have a dislocation.
他的腿脱臼了。
His leg is dislocated.
我害怕脱臼。
I am afraid of dislocations.
这很容易脱臼。
This can easily get dislocated.
他的手指脱臼了。
His finger is dislocated.
在打篮球时，他的肩膀不小心脱臼了。
While playing basketball, his shoulder was accidentally dislocated.
摔倒后，她的手腕脱臼了，需要去看医生。
After falling, her wrist got dislocated, and she needs to see a doctor.
医生解释说，脱臼的关节需要立即复位。
The doctor explained that a dislocated joint needs to be reset immediately.
他经常在运动中脱臼，所以他开始练习瑜伽。
He often dislocates (joints) during sports, so he started practicing yoga.
这次意外导致了他的髋关节脱臼。
This accident caused his hip joint to dislocate.
运动员们都非常小心，以防关节脱臼。
Athletes are very careful to prevent joint dislocations.
如果你的关节脱臼了，千万不要自己尝试复位。
If your joint is dislocated, absolutely do not try to reset it yourself.
他因为脱臼而无法参加比赛。
He couldn't participate in the competition due to a dislocation.
医生诊断出他的踝关节有轻微脱臼的迹象，但主要是韧带扭伤。
The doctor diagnosed slight signs of dislocation in his ankle joint, but it was mainly a ligament sprain.
每次剧烈运动后，她都担心她的旧伤会复发，特别是可能导致肩关节脱臼。
After every strenuous exercise, she worries her old injury will relapse, especially the possibility of a shoulder dislocation.
为了避免再次发生脱臼，他接受了物理治疗，加强了相关肌肉。
To avoid another dislocation, he underwent physical therapy to strengthen the related muscles.
在某些情况下，反复的脱臼可能会导致关节永久性损伤。
In some cases, recurrent dislocations can lead to permanent joint damage.
孩子们玩耍时，需要注意避免可能导致脱臼的危险动作。
When children play, they need to be careful to avoid dangerous movements that could cause dislocations.
他描述了当时剧痛难忍，感觉像是骨头从关节里脱了出来，确诊为肘部脱臼。
He described the unbearable pain at the time, feeling like the bone had come out of the joint, and it was diagnosed as an elbow dislocation.
运动员的职业生涯可能会因为一次严重的脱臼而受到影响。
An athlete's career can be affected by a severe dislocation.
如果发现有脱臼的迹象，应立即停止活动并寻求医疗帮助。
If there are signs of dislocation, stop the activity immediately and seek medical help.
该医疗设备旨在帮助患者在家中进行安全有效的关节复位，尤其适用于肩关节脱臼的病例。
This medical device is designed to help patients perform safe and effective joint reduction at home, particularly for cases of shoulder dislocation.
虽然他接受了手术以稳定关节，但医生仍警告他，未来仍有再次发生脱臼的潜在风险。
Although he underwent surgery to stabilize the joint, the doctor still warned him of the potential risk of future dislocations.
运动医学研究表明，某些特定的运动姿势会显著增加下肢关节脱臼的概率。
Sports medicine research indicates that certain specific athletic postures significantly increase the probability of lower limb joint dislocations.
在紧急情况下，非专业人士不应尝试徒手将脱臼的肢体复位，以免造成二次伤害。
In emergency situations, non-professionals should not attempt to manually reduce a dislocated limb to avoid causing secondary injury.
反复脱臼可能导致关节软骨的磨损，进而引发慢性疼痛和关节炎。
Recurrent dislocations can lead to wear and tear of the articular cartilage, subsequently causing chronic pain and arthritis.
对患有先天性关节松弛症的患者，预防脱臼是康复过程中的一个重要环节。
For patients with congenital joint laxity, preventing dislocations is a crucial aspect of the rehabilitation process.
该研究旨在探讨微创手术技术在治疗习惯性脱臼方面的有效性。
This study aims to explore the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgical techniques in treating habitual dislocations.
通过长期的力量训练和本体感觉练习，许多运动员成功地降低了关节脱臼的风险。
Through long-term strength training and proprioception exercises, many athletes have successfully reduced the risk of joint dislocation.
对反复性肩关节脱臼患者进行的保守治疗效果有限，外科手术干预往往是恢复关节稳定性的首选方案。
Conservative treatment for patients with recurrent shoulder dislocations has limited efficacy; surgical intervention is often the preferred approach for restoring joint stability.
本研究运用了先进的影像学技术，对导致踝关节反复脱臼的潜在生物力学异常进行了深入分析。
This study utilized advanced imaging techniques to conduct an in-depth analysis of the underlying biomechanical abnormalities leading to recurrent ankle dislocations.
尽管现代医学取得了长足进步，但对于某些复杂的关节脱位，其治疗仍需依赖经验丰富的临床医生的判断。
Despite significant advancements in modern medicine, the treatment of certain complex joint dislocations still relies on the judgment of experienced clinicians.
儿童的骨骼和关节系统尚未完全发育成熟，因此在遭受创伤时，其脱臼的表现形式可能与成人有所不同。
The skeletal and articular systems of children are not yet fully mature, thus the presentation of dislocations following trauma may differ from that in adults.
该康复计划旨在通过系统的训练，增强患者关节周围的稳定肌群，从而最大限度地降低股骨头脱臼的风险。
This rehabilitation program aims to enhance the stabilizing muscles around the patient's joint through systematic training, thereby minimizing the risk of femoral head dislocation.
在评估患者的病史时，必须仔细询问是否存在既往的关节损伤或习惯性脱臼的经历。
When evaluating a patient's medical history, it is imperative to carefully inquire about any previous joint injuries or history of habitual dislocations.
对运动员进行定期评估，不仅是为了监测其运动表现，更是为了及早发现并干预可能导致脱臼的潜在病理。
Regular assessments of athletes are conducted not only to monitor their performance but also to detect and intervene early in potential pathologies that could lead to dislocations.
尽管技术不断革新，但对于某些棘手的关节半脱位病例，手术成功率仍存在一定的变数。
Despite continuous technological innovation, the success rate of surgery for certain challenging cases of joint subluxation remains subject to variability.
该研究对肩关节不稳及反复脱臼的病理生理学机制进行了多维度的探索，并提出了新的诊断和治疗策略。
This research has explored the pathomechanisms of shoulder instability and recurrent dislocations from multiple dimensions, proposing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
在评估创伤性股骨头脱位时，影像学检查的首要任务是排除可能伴随发生的骨折或韧带损伤。
When evaluating traumatic hip dislocation, the primary objective of imaging is to rule out potentially concomitant fractures or ligamentous injuries.
关节镜手术在治疗习惯性脱臼方面取得了显著进展，但其长期疗效仍需在大样本、长期随访的研究中得到进一步验证。
Arthroscopic surgery has made significant strides in treating habitual dislocations; however, its long-term efficacy requires further validation through large-scale, long-term follow-up studies.
本病理模型旨在模拟关节囊的结构性改变，以期深入理解其在诱发下颌关节脱位过程中的作用。
This pathological model aims to simulate structural changes in the joint capsule to gain a deeper understanding of its role in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint dislocation.
尽管基因疗法在理论上为治疗某些遗传性关节疾病提供了前景，但其在临床上应用于预防或治疗脱臼仍面临诸多挑战。
Although gene therapy theoretically offers promise for treating certain hereditary joint diseases, its clinical application in preventing or treating dislocations still faces numerous challenges.
对老年患者而言，由跌倒引发的股骨颈骨折与髋关节脱位常并发存在，增加了治疗的复杂性。
In elderly patients, femoral neck fractures and hip dislocations, often initiated by falls, frequently coexist, thereby increasing the complexity of treatment.
本研究通过对大量病例的荟萃分析，揭示了特定运动损伤模式与肩袖撕裂及前方脱臼之间的相关性。
Through a meta-analysis of a large cohort of cases, this study reveals the correlation between specific athletic injury patterns and rotator cuff tears with anterior dislocations.
未来的康复技术可能会更加侧重于利用生物反馈和虚拟现实来提高患者的本体感觉和关节控制能力，以预防脱臼。
Future rehabilitation technologies may increasingly focus on utilizing biofeedback and virtual reality to enhance patients' proprioception and joint control, thereby preventing dislocations.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— My shoulder is dislocated.
我刚才摔倒了，肩膀脱臼了，好疼！
— Dislocated wrist.
医生说我的手腕脱臼了，需要打石膏。
— Joint dislocation.
运动中要特别小心，避免关节脱臼。
— He has a dislocation.
运动员在比赛中脱臼了，不得不退赛。
— There is a risk of dislocation.
这个动作有导致脱臼的风险，要小心。
— Caused a dislocation.
那次意外导致了严重的股骨头脱臼。
— To perform a dislocation reduction.
医生正在为他进行脱臼复位手术。
— Recurrent dislocation.
他因为反复脱臼，所以决定接受手术。
— Habitual dislocation.
她患有习惯性脱臼，经常需要看医生。
— Needs to be reset.
医生说你的脱臼需要马上复位。
よく混同される語
脱臼 is a dislocation (bone out of joint), while 骨折 is a fracture (broken bone). They are distinct injuries.
脱臼 involves bones separating from the joint, whereas 扭伤 involves damage to ligaments and soft tissues around the joint.
This term means 'to get a stitch' or a side ache from exertion. It is unrelated to bone or joint injuries and is purely a muscular discomfort.
慣用句と表現
— Literally 'bone and flesh separated.' While this idiom can refer to a deep emotional separation or great loss, in a very, very literal and rare medical context, it could poetically describe the extreme separation of bones in a severe dislocation, though it's not a standard medical term for it.
这场战争让许多家庭骨肉分离，痛苦不堪。
Figurative/Literary— Literally 'scattered and in disarray.' This idiom is typically used to describe things that are disorganized, scattered, or in a state of collapse, like a messy room or a defeated army. It's not directly related to physical dislocations.
一场大雨过后，田里的庄稼七零八落的。
Figurative— This is a general term for injuries to muscles, tendons, and bones. While a dislocation is a type of '筋骨外伤', the idiom itself doesn't specifically mean dislocation.
他因为筋骨外伤，暂时无法进行剧烈运动。
Medical/General— Literally 'skin opened and flesh torn.' This idiom describes a severe wound where the skin is broken and flesh is exposed, indicating a serious injury. It's more about the damage to the skin and underlying tissue rather than the specific alignment of bones.
他在事故中受了重伤，皮开肉绽，情况危急。
Descriptive/Medical— Literally 'broken tendons and fractured bones.' This phrase describes severe injuries involving both soft tissues and bones. A dislocation is a specific type of joint injury, and this idiom is broader, encompassing fractures and severe sprains.
他从高处坠落，导致断筋折骨，生命垂危。
Descriptive/Medical— This refers to 'stiff neck' or 'wry neck', a common condition where one has difficulty turning their head due to muscle strain or spasm. It is not a dislocation of the neck vertebrae, but a muscular issue.
昨晚睡姿不对，今天早上落枕了，脖子动不了。
Medical/Common— This is a broad term for injuries caused by falls, blows, or impacts. It encompasses sprains, bruises, fractures, and dislocations. So, a dislocation is a type of '跌打损伤'.
他因为跌打损伤，去医院看了医生。
— This phrase literally means 'bone joint misalignment' or 'bone joint out of place'. It is a very direct and accurate description of a dislocation and can be considered a more formal or descriptive way to refer to it, similar to '关节错位'.
经过X光检查，确认了患者的骨节存在错位。
— Literally 'to leave the established ways and rebel against orthodoxy.' This idiom is purely figurative and refers to unconventional or rebellious behavior, ideas, or actions. It has no relation to physical injuries.
他的想法太离经叛道了，不被大家接受。
— Literally 'to shed the fetus and change the bones.' This idiom means to undergo a complete transformation, to be reborn, or to be fundamentally changed for the better. It's a figurative expression of profound change and has no connection to physical dislocations.
经过这次事件，他仿佛脱胎换骨，变得更加成熟稳重。
間違えやすい
Both are common bone/joint injuries resulting from trauma.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> refers to the displacement of bones within a joint, meaning the joint surfaces are no longer in contact. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>骨折</mark> refers to a break or crack in the bone itself, regardless of whether the joint is affected.
He fell and broke his arm (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>骨折</mark>). He fell awkwardly and dislocated his shoulder (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>).
Both can occur after falls or sudden movements and affect joints.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> means the bones have completely separated from their joint. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>扭伤</mark> involves stretching or tearing of the ligaments that connect the bones in a joint, but the bones remain in their normal alignment.
She sprained her ankle (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>扭伤</mark>了脚踝), which means her ligaments were damaged. He dislocated his elbow (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>了肘部), meaning the bones in his elbow joint separated.
Both terms imply something is out of its original position.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> is specifically for joints where bones separate. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>移位</mark> is a more general term for displacement and can apply to organs, furniture, or even bones that are not in a joint context. While a dislocated bone is 'out of place', <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> is the precise medical term for joint dislocation.
The furniture shifted (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>移位</mark>). His hip bone was dislocated (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>).
It's a related term describing a type of joint misalignment.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> means a complete dislocation where the joint surfaces are no longer in contact. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>半脱位</mark> (subluxation) is a partial dislocation, where the joint surfaces are still in partial contact but are not in their normal alignment.
The doctor diagnosed a complete dislocation of the shoulder (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>完全脱臼</mark>). He has a partial dislocation of his knee (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>半脱位</mark>).
Both start with '脱' (tuō) meaning 'to come off' or 'fall off'.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> specifically refers to a bone coming out of its joint. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱落</mark> is a more general term for something falling off, like a leaf falling from a tree, or a part of a machine detaching. It's not typically used for joints.
The leaf fell off the tree (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱落</mark>了). His shoulder dislocated (<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>了).
文型パターン
Subject + [Body Part] + 脱臼 + 了。
我的<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>手腕</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>了。
Subject + 在 + [Activity] + 时 + [Body Part] + 脱臼。
他<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>在</mark>打球<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>时</mark>，<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>肩膀</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>。
因为 + [Cause] + , + Subject + [Body Part] + 脱臼。
<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>因为</mark>摔倒<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>,</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>他</mark>的<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>膝盖</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>。
Subject + [Verb Phrase describing action] + 脱臼。
他<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>用力过猛</mark>，<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>导致</mark>了<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>。
Subject + 有 + [Condition] + 的 + 脱臼。
她<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>有</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>习惯性</mark>的<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>。
医生 + [Action] + 脱臼 + 的 + [Body Part]。
<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>医生</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>正在</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>为</mark>他<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>的<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>肩膀</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>复位</mark>。
由于 + [Reason] + , + Subject + 易 + 脱臼。
<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>由于</mark>关节松弛<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>,</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>他</mark>很<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>易</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>。
预防/避免 + 脱臼 + 的 + [Method/Measure]。
<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>预防</mark><mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>的<mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>最好方法</mark>是加强锻炼。
語族
名詞
動詞
関連
使い方
Medium (common in medical and sports contexts, less so in general conversation)
-
Confusing <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> with 骨折.
→
<mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> is dislocation; <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>骨折</mark> is fracture.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> means the bone has come out of its joint. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>骨折</mark> means the bone itself is broken. These are two distinct types of injuries.
-
Using <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> for a sprain.
→
<mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> is dislocation; <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>扭伤</mark> is sprain.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> involves bones separating. <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>扭伤</mark> involves damage to ligaments and soft tissues, but the bones stay in place.
-
Mispronouncing tones, especially the fourth tone on <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>臼</mark>.
→
Pronounce <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>臼</mark> with a falling tone (jiù).
Incorrect tones can change the meaning of the word or make it unintelligible. The fourth tone on <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>臼</mark> is essential for its correct pronunciation as <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>jiù</mark>.
-
Using <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> for something generally 'out of place'.
→
Use <mark class='bg-green-200 dark:bg-green-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> specifically for bones dislocated from a joint.
<mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> is a medical term for joint dislocation. For general displacement, use terms like <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>移位</mark> (yíwèi). For example, furniture can be <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>移位</mark>, but only a joint can be <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>.
-
Trying to self-treat a dislocation.
→
Seek professional medical help for dislocations.
Attempting to reset a dislocated joint yourself can cause further damage to nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, or even the bone itself. Always consult a doctor or trained medical professional.
ヒント
Mastering the Tones
The tones for 脱 (tuō) and 臼 (jiù) are crucial. 脱 is the first tone (high and flat), and 臼 is the fourth tone (falling). Practice saying 'tuō jiù' with these distinct tones to ensure clarity.
Learn in Context
Don't just memorize the word. Learn it within sentences related to injuries, sports, or medical situations. This will help you understand its usage and remember it better. For example, associate it with '肩膀' (shoulder) or '摔倒' (to fall).
Create Mental Images
Picture a bone 'taking off' (脱) from a 'mortar' (臼) shaped joint. Visualizing the meaning of the characters can make the word more memorable.
Distinguish from Similar Terms
Understand the difference between 脱臼, 骨折 (fracture), and 扭伤 (sprain). Knowing these distinctions is vital for accurate communication about injuries.
Sentence Building
Try to create your own sentences using 脱臼. Start with simple structures like '我的肩膀脱臼了' and gradually build more complex sentences.
Understand the Characters
Knowing that 脱 means 'to take off' or 'escape' and 臼 refers to a joint helps reinforce the meaning of 'bone coming out of its joint'.
Listen for It
Pay attention to Chinese media, especially sports news or medical dramas, where the term 脱臼 is likely to be used. This will help you hear it in natural contexts.
Common Sentence Patterns
Familiarize yourself with common sentence structures, such as 'Subject + 脱臼 + 了' (e.g., '我的手脱臼了') or using it with body parts like '肩膀脱臼' (shoulder dislocation).
Medical Vocabulary
This word is primarily medical. Learning it in conjunction with other medical terms like '医生' (doctor), '疼痛' (pain), and '复位' (reset) will enhance your understanding and usage.
Explore Related Terms
Learn synonyms or related phrases like '关节错位' (joint misalignment) to broaden your vocabulary and understand nuances in usage.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a bone trying to 'escape' or 'take off' from its 'joint' (like a mortar). The 'tuō' sound is like 'two', so imagine 'two' bones trying to 'take off' from their joint. Or, think of the 'juicy' sound of 'jiù' and picture a joint that is so 'juicy' and slippery that a bone can easily slip out.
視覚的連想
Picture a cartoon bone wearing a little hat, trying to 'take off' (脱) from a mortar-shaped joint (臼). Or, visualize a joint that looks like a poorly fitting lid on a jar (mortar), with the lid (bone) popping off.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe a situation where someone might dislocate their shoulder, using 脱臼 and related vocabulary like '肩膀' (jiānbǎng - shoulder) and '摔倒' (shuāidǎo - to fall).
語源
The word 脱臼 (tuō jiù) is a compound word formed from two characters. 脱 (tuō) means 'to shed,' 'to peel off,' 'to take off,' or 'to escape.' 臼 (jiù) originally referred to a mortar (a bowl used for grinding), but it also represents a joint or socket in a broader sense, referring to places where things fit together or articulate.
元の意味： Literally, the term suggests 'shedding' or 'escaping' from the joint, implying that the bone has come out of its socket.
Sino-Tibetan文化的な背景
When discussing dislocations, it's important to be mindful of the person's pain and discomfort. Avoid making light of the injury. In a medical context, the term is purely clinical. In a general conversation, it's appropriate to express concern or empathy.
In English-speaking cultures, 'dislocation' is the standard medical term. The concept is universally understood in the context of sports injuries, accidents, and medical treatments.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Discussing a sports injury.
- 肩膀脱臼了
- 膝盖扭伤
- 需要休息
- 去看医生
At the doctor's office.
- 哪里不舒服？
- 我感觉疼痛
- 诊断结果
- 需要复位
Describing an accident.
- 不小心摔倒了
- 发生意外
- 导致了损伤
- 非常疼痛
Talking about physical therapy.
- 加强肌肉
- 恢复功能
- 避免再次受伤
- 定期复查
Reading a medical report.
- 影像学检查
- 诊断为
- 治疗方案
- 预后情况
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever heard of someone dislocating a joint? What happened?"
"If you were to dislocate a shoulder, what do you think would be the most difficult part of the recovery?"
"Imagine you're a doctor explaining a dislocation to a patient. What are the key things you'd tell them?"
"What are some common sports where people might dislocate a joint?"
"What's the difference between a dislocation and a sprain? Can you explain it simply?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time you or someone you know experienced a significant physical injury. Use the word <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark> if applicable, and detail the circumstances and recovery process.
Imagine you are writing a short story about an athlete who suffers a career-threatening dislocation. What are the emotional and physical challenges they face?
Reflect on the importance of understanding medical terms like <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>. How does knowing such words help in real-life situations?
Create a dialogue between a doctor and a patient who has just dislocated their elbow. Include explanations of the injury and the treatment plan.
Write a persuasive paragraph encouraging people to take precautions against sports injuries, specifically mentioning the risk of dislocations like <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>脱臼</mark>.
よくある質問
10 問脱臼 (tuō jiù) means dislocation, where the bones in a joint separate and are out of place. 骨折 (gǔzhé) means fracture, which is a break or crack in a bone. They are different types of injuries. For example, if you fall and your shoulder comes out of its socket, it's a 脱臼. If you fall and your arm bone breaks, that's a 骨折.
Yes, 脱臼 is generally considered a serious injury. It involves the displacement of bones and can cause significant pain, instability, and potential damage to surrounding nerves and blood vessels. It usually requires immediate medical attention to reset the joint.
You would say '肩膀脱臼' (jiānbǎng tuō jiù) or '肩关节脱臼' (jiān guānjié tuō jiù). For example, '他的肩膀脱臼了' (Tā de jiānbǎng tuō jiù le) means 'His shoulder is dislocated'.
While it's possible for some people with very loose joints to experience partial dislocations (半脱位 bàn tuōwèi) with minimal force or even spontaneously, a complete dislocation (脱臼) usually requires significant trauma, such as a fall or impact during sports. It's strongly advised not to try to reset a dislocated joint yourself, as this can cause further damage.
The character 臼 (jiù) originally referred to a mortar, a bowl used for grinding. In compound words like 脱臼, it's used metaphorically to represent a joint or socket, where bones fit together.
脱臼 (tuō jiù) is a dislocation, where the bones in a joint separate. 扭伤 (niǔshāng) is a sprain, which is damage to the ligaments around a joint, usually from overstretching. The bones remain in place during a sprain.
Yes, the common phrase is '复位' (fùwèi). So, you might hear '医生正在为他进行脱臼复位' (Yīshēng zhèngzài wèi tā jìnxíng tuōjiù fùwèi), which means 'The doctor is resetting his dislocated joint'.
You would use it to describe the event of a joint becoming dislocated, or the state of being dislocated. For example, '我的肩膀脱臼了' (My shoulder is dislocated) or '他因为脱臼而无法参加比赛' (He couldn't participate in the competition due to a dislocation).
Yes, animals can also experience dislocations (脱臼) in their joints, often due to accidents or falls. Veterinarians treat these injuries similarly to how human doctors do.
Commonly dislocated joints include the shoulder, hip, knee, elbow, and fingers. The term 脱臼 applies to any of these.
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Summary
脱臼 (tuō jiù) means to dislocate a joint, where a bone is forced out of its normal position. It's a medical term primarily used for injuries resulting from accidents or sports, and typically requires professional medical intervention to reset the bone.
- To dislocate a joint; bone out of place.
- Medical term for a joint injury where bones separate.
- Common in sports injuries and accidents.
- Requires medical attention to reset.
Mastering the Tones
The tones for 脱 (tuō) and 臼 (jiù) are crucial. 脱 is the first tone (high and flat), and 臼 is the fourth tone (falling). Practice saying 'tuō jiù' with these distinct tones to ensure clarity.
Learn in Context
Don't just memorize the word. Learn it within sentences related to injuries, sports, or medical situations. This will help you understand its usage and remember it better. For example, associate it with '肩膀' (shoulder) or '摔倒' (to fall).
Create Mental Images
Picture a bone 'taking off' (脱) from a 'mortar' (臼) shaped joint. Visualizing the meaning of the characters can make the word more memorable.
Distinguish from Similar Terms
Understand the difference between 脱臼, 骨折 (fracture), and 扭伤 (sprain). Knowing these distinctions is vital for accurate communication about injuries.
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
healthの関連語
一粒
A2一粒。米や薬、種などの小さくて丸いものを数える時に使います。'一粒の米'は'一粒米'と言います。
一片
A2One tablet; a slice (for flat objects like pills).
不正常
A2不正常な、異常な。通常の状態や規則から外れていること。
以上
A2以上（いじょう）とは、ある数やレベルよりも上、またはそれ以上であることを意味します。
酸痛
A2運動の後で筋肉が痛みます。
倒是
A2逆に；かえって。予想に反する対照を表す時に使われます。
针灸
A2Acupuncture; traditional Chinese therapy.
扎针
A2注射をする、または鍼を打つ。
急性
B1急性（病気）：突然始まり、通常は重度だが短期間で終わる状態を指します。 急性（病気）：病気について話すとき、「急性」はすぐに始まり、激しいが、長くは続かないものを説明します。
急性病
B1急に発症し、進行が早い急性疾患のことです。
