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A2 noun #7,000 よく出る 9分で読める

空旷

kongkuang 上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント空旷 30秒で

解説空旷 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 空旷 (kōngkuàng) as a way to say a place is 'very big and very empty.' Even though this is an A2 word, you might see it when talking about simple places like a 'big park' or a 'big room.' Imagine a room with no chairs, no tables, and no people—that is '空旷.' You can use it to describe a playground during class time when all the children are inside. It is like the English word 'empty,' but only for big places. You wouldn't use it for an empty glass of water. Just remember: Big + Empty = 空旷. For example, if you go to a stadium and no one is there, you can say '这里很空旷' (Zhèlǐ hěn kōngkuàng). This helps you describe your surroundings more accurately than just saying 'big' (大). It adds the detail that there is nothing there to block your way.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 空旷 (kōngkuàng) to describe landscapes and large rooms. You now know words like '大' (big) and '空' (empty), and 空旷 combines these two ideas into one formal adjective. It is used to describe places like fields, squares, or empty streets. For example, in the early morning, the city streets are '空旷' because there are no cars or people. You can use it in the structure: 'Place + 显得 (appears) + 很空旷.' This word is very useful for travel, as you can describe the vast plains of China or a large, empty museum hall. It differs from '宽敞' (spacious) because '宽敞' is usually a good thing (like a nice big house), while '空旷' is just a factual description of emptiness. If you use '空旷' for a house, it might sound like the house is lonely or missing furniture.

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 空旷 (kōngkuàng) to set a specific mood in your writing or speaking. It is no longer just a physical description; it starts to carry an atmospheric weight. You might use it to describe the feeling of a place after an event has ended, such as a concert hall after the crowd has left. This word often appears in the pattern '空旷的 + Noun,' such as '空旷的野外' (the open wilderness) or '空旷的大厅' (the vast hall). At this level, you should also distinguish it from '开阔' (kāikuò), which means 'open and broad' but usually has a more positive, refreshing connotation. 空旷 is more neutral and emphasizes the absence of things. You might also notice it used in descriptions of sound—how a voice sounds different in an '空旷' space compared to a small, crowded one. Using this word correctly shows you have a nuanced understanding of Chinese spatial adjectives.

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At the B2 level, 空旷 (kōngkuàng) is used to evoke deeper imagery and emotional states. In literature and advanced media, it often symbolizes solitude, isolation, or a moment of clarity. You will see it in phrases like '空旷的心灵' (an empty/open mind), though this is more metaphorical. You should be able to use it to describe complex scenes, such as the '空旷' feeling of a city during a holiday when everyone has returned to their hometowns. This word is essential for discussing themes of urbanization versus nature, or the psychological effect of architecture. You should also be aware of its collocations, such as '视野空旷' (a vast field of vision) or '显得格外空旷' (to appear exceptionally spacious). At this stage, your choice between '空旷,' '辽阔' (liáokuò - vast as the sea/sky), and '荒凉' (huāngliáng - desolate) should be deliberate, based on the specific feeling you want to convey about the space and its contents (or lack thereof).

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For C1 learners, 空旷 (kōngkuàng) is a tool for precise aesthetic and philosophical description. It is frequently found in classical and modern Chinese literature to describe the 'void' or the 'sublime.' In art criticism, you might use it to describe the 'negative space' in a traditional ink wash painting, where the '空旷' areas are just as important as the painted ones. You should understand the historical roots of the character '旷,' which relates to the sun over a wide field, implying light and breadth. You can use 空旷 to discuss the concept of 'Liubai' (留白 - leaving blank space) in Chinese aesthetics. Furthermore, you should be able to identify when '空旷' is used ironically or to create a sense of 'uncanny' (the 'unhomely' feeling of a normally busy place being suddenly empty). Your mastery of this word will allow you to describe not just what a place looks like, but the profound sense of scale and existence that a vast, empty space imposes on a human observer.

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At the C2 level, 空旷 (kōngkuàng) is integrated into a sophisticated vocabulary that deals with the nature of space, time, and the human condition. You will encounter it in philosophical texts discussing the 'emptiness' of the universe or the vastness of history. It can be used to describe the '空旷' of time—vast stretches of history where little is recorded. In high-level literary analysis, you might discuss how a writer uses '空旷' to reflect a character's internal 'Sunyata' (emptiness/void). You should be able to use the word in complex, multi-clause sentences that explore the interplay between physical space and psychological perception. For instance, analyzing how the '空旷' of a desert landscape serves as a catalyst for spiritual transformation in a protagonist. Your usage should demonstrate a native-level grasp of the word's ability to transition from a simple physical descriptor to a powerful metaphor for the infinite and the absolute. You should also be able to distinguish it from highly literary synonyms like '苍茫' (cāngmáng) or '浩渺' (hàomiǎo) in specific poetic contexts.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

空旷 30秒で

Used to describe large, vast spaces that are noticeably empty or unoccupied by people or objects.
Commonly applied to nature (fields, deserts) and architecture (halls, squares, large rooms).
Carries a neutral to slightly lonely tone, depending on whether the emptiness is desired.
Differs from 'spacious' (宽敞) because it emphasizes the lack of contents rather than comfort.

The Chinese word 空旷 (kōngkuàng) is a descriptive term used to characterize spaces that are both vast and largely unoccupied. While it can be translated as 'spacious' or 'open,' it carries a specific nuance of 'emptiness' that distinguishes it from words that simply mean 'big.' When you describe a place as 空旷, you are highlighting the lack of obstacles, people, or buildings, which often creates a sense of loneliness, freedom, or even desolation. It is most commonly applied to physical environments like plains, large halls, or city streets late at night. Understanding this word requires grasping the balance between the character 空 (empty) and 旷 (vast/broad).

Visualizing the Concept: Imagine standing in the middle of a football stadium when no one else is there. The seats are empty, the field is massive, and your voice might even echo. That feeling of 'too much space' is exactly what 空旷 captures. It is not just about the size of the area, but the relationship between the observer and the lack of surrounding objects.

下雪后的操场显得格外空旷。 (The playground looked exceptionally spacious and empty after the snow.)

Common Scenarios: You will encounter this word frequently in literature when an author wants to set a mood of solitude. In daily life, you might use it to describe a new apartment before the furniture arrives, or a parking lot in the early morning. It is a neutral word, but its connotation can shift based on the context; a 'spacious' park is pleasant, but a 'spacious' house without family might feel 'empty' and 'lonely.'

这片空旷的土地非常适合建飞机场。 (This vast, open land is very suitable for building an airport.)

Emotional Resonance: Beyond physical space, 空旷 can describe a feeling in the heart or mind, though this is more poetic. It suggests a lack of clutter, a state of being wide open, or a sense of being lost in a void. It is a fundamental word for describing the vast landscapes of Northern China or the Mongolian steppes, where the horizon stretches indefinitely with nothing to break the view.

Using 空旷 correctly involves placing it as an adjective before a noun or as a predicate after a subject to describe the state of a location. It often follows verbs like '显得' (to appear) or '变得' (to become) to emphasize a change in the environment. In this section, we will look at how to construct sentences that sound natural to native speakers, focusing on the relationship between the space and its emptiness.

As an Attributive Adjective: When modifying a noun, use '的' after 空旷. For example, '空旷的野外' (the open wilderness). This structure is used to set the scene. It tells the listener that the primary characteristic of the place is its openness. You might say, '我们在空旷的场地上踢足球' (We played soccer on the open field). Here, the word emphasizes that there was plenty of room to run without hitting anything.

清晨，街道上空无一人，显得十分空旷。 (In the early morning, the streets were empty of people, appearing very spacious.)

Describing Atmosphere: Often, 空旷 is used to contrast a previous state. If a room was full of furniture and now it is gone, the room is now 空旷. This usage highlights the 'missing' elements. You can say, '搬走家具后，房间变得空旷了' (After moving the furniture, the room became empty and spacious). This sentence conveys a sense of change and perhaps a bit of loss or a fresh start.

他站在空旷的山顶上，大声呼喊。 (He stood on the vast, empty mountain top and shouted loudly.)

In Abstract Contexts: While primarily physical, you can see it in descriptions of sounds or feelings. A sound in an '空旷' place has a specific quality—hollow or echoing. '空旷的回声' (an echoing sound in a vast space) is a common literary phrase. It evokes a sense of being alone in a large world. This helps the reader feel the scale of the environment through their auditory imagination.

In real-world Mandarin, 空旷 is not a slang word, but a standard descriptive term that appears in various professional and casual settings. From weather reports to architectural discussions, and from cinematic scripts to travel vlogs, the word helps paint a picture of the environment. Let's explore the specific domains where this word is most prevalent and how native speakers naturally integrate it into their speech.

Travel and Tourism: Tour guides and travel writers love this word. It is perfect for describing the Gobi Desert, the Tibetan Plateau, or the vast grasslands of Inner Mongolia. A guide might say, '这里视野非常空旷' (The view here is very open and vast). It suggests a place where one can find peace away from the '拥挤' (crowded) cities. If you are watching a travel documentary about the Silk Road, you will hear '空旷' used to describe the endless horizons.

这种空旷的感觉让人心情舒畅。 (This sense of vast openness makes one feel relaxed and happy.)

Architecture and Real Estate: Architects use '空旷' to describe the aesthetic of a large atrium or a minimalist gallery. In real estate, it might be used to describe a penthouse or a loft. However, be careful: sometimes agents use it to mean 'empty,' which might imply the place needs furniture. In design, '空旷感' (a sense of spaciousness) is often a desired quality, representing luxury and breathing room in a crowded urban environment like Shanghai or Beijing.

展厅里非常空旷，只有几件艺术品。 (The exhibition hall is very spacious and empty, with only a few pieces of art.)

Literature and Media: In novels, especially those in the 'Wuxia' (martial arts) or 'Xianxia' (fantasy) genres, heroes often meet in '空旷' places for duels. This ensures no bystanders are hurt and emphasizes the epic scale of the battle. In movies, a director might use a wide-angle shot of an empty city square to signify the aftermath of a disaster or the loneliness of a character. Hearing this word in a film often signals a moment of reflection or a transition to a new, vast environment.

Learning to use 空旷 correctly requires distinguishing it from several similar words that also deal with space. Many students make the mistake of using it whenever they see a 'big' space, but size is only half of the definition. Emptiness is the other half. Let's break down the most common pitfalls so you can avoid them in your writing and speaking.

Mistake 1: Confusing '空旷' with '宽敞' (kuānchang): This is the most common error. '宽敞' means 'spacious' in a positive, comfortable way, like a large living room with nice furniture. '空旷' means 'spacious' because there is nothing in it. You would describe a luxury car's interior as '宽敞,' but never '空旷' (unless the seats were ripped out!). If you tell someone their house is '空旷,' they might think you are saying it looks bare and unfurnished, which could be taken as a criticism.

Incorrect: 他的办公室里有很多书，非常空旷。 (His office has many books; it is very spacious/empty.) -> Correct: 他的办公室非常宽敞。

Mistake 2: Using it for Small Containers: You cannot use '空旷' for a box, a bottle, or a backpack. Even if they are empty, they are not 'vast.' For these items, simply use '空' (kōng). '空旷' requires a sense of scale. It applies to landscapes, large rooms, and the outdoors. If you say an '空旷的盒子' (a spacious, empty box), it sounds like the box is as big as a house. Stick to '空盒子' for small objects.

Incorrect: 这个书包很空旷。 (This backpack is very spacious/empty.) -> Correct: 这个书包很空。

Mistake 3: Overlooking the 'Emptiness' Requirement: If a place is large but filled with things—like a crowded forest or a busy shopping mall—you should use '广阔' (guǎngkuò) or '开阔' (kāikuò). '空旷' specifically demands a lack of contents. A '广阔的森林' is a vast forest full of trees. An '空旷的森林' would imply a forest where most of the trees have been cut down, leaving a big, empty space. Be mindful of what is actually *in* the space before choosing this word.

Mandarin has a rich vocabulary for describing space. Knowing when to swap 空旷 for a more specific synonym will make your Chinese sound more sophisticated and precise. In this section, we compare '空旷' with its closest relatives and provide a guide on when to use each one.

空旷 (kōngkuàng) vs. 宽敞 (kuānchang): As mentioned in the mistakes section, '宽敞' is for comfortable, large indoor spaces. It implies 'roomy.' '空旷' is for empty, vast spaces. Use '宽敞' for a nice hotel room and '空旷' for an abandoned warehouse.
空旷 (kōngkuàng) vs. 广阔 (guǎngkuò): '广阔' emphasizes the scale and extent of something, often used for abstract things like 'prospects' or 'knowledge.' When used for space, it doesn't require emptiness. A '广阔的草原' (vast grassland) could be full of sheep, but an '空旷的草原' suggests the sheep are gone and you are alone.
空旷 (kōngkuàng) vs. 开阔 (kāikuò): '开阔' means 'open' and 'unobstructed.' It is often used for views or one's mindset (心胸开阔). It has a very positive, refreshing feel. While '空旷' can feel lonely, '开阔' usually feels liberating. You would say '这里的视野很开阔' to admire a beautiful view from a balcony.

Synonym Table:
- 宽敞: Roomy, comfortable (indoors).
- 广阔: Vast, extensive (can be abstract).
- 开阔: Open, unobstructed (usually positive).
- 荒凉: Desolate, empty (negative/sad).

When to use '荒凉' (huāngliáng): If the '空旷' space feels depressing, dead, or neglected, '荒凉' is a better choice. '空旷' is a factual description of space, while '荒凉' includes an emotional judgment that the place is overgrown, ruined, or uninhabitable. A desert is '空旷,' but a ghost town is '荒凉.'

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character '旷' (kuàng) is also used in the word '旷课' (kuàngkè), which means to skip class. In that context, it means 'to leave a space' in your attendance record!

発音ガイド

UK kɒŋ kuæŋ

US kɔŋ kwæŋ

The stress is equal on both syllables: Kōng-Kuàng.

韻が合う語

忙 (máng) 放 (fàng) 场 (chǎng) 当 (dāng) 强 (qiáng) 张 (zhāng) 光 (guāng) 床 (chuáng)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'Kōng' like 'King'.
Missing the 'u' sound in 'Kuàng'.
Using the wrong tones (it is 1st tone then 4th tone).
Confusing 'Kuàng' with 'Guǎng'.
Not aspirating the 'k' sounds.

難易度

読解 3/5

The characters are somewhat complex but common in literature.

ライティング 4/5

The character '旷' (kuàng) can be tricky to write correctly for beginners.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward if tones are mastered.

リスニング 2/5

Distinct sound, easy to pick out in context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

大 (big) 空 (empty) 地 (land) 房间 (room) 很有 (have very)

次に学ぶ

辽阔 (vast) 荒凉 (desolate) 宽敞 (spacious) 拥挤 (crowded) 视野 (field of vision)

上級

苍茫 (boundless) 浩渺 (vast/misty) 寥廓 (vast and high) 虚无 (nothingness)

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Reduplication (AABB)

空空旷旷 (kōng kōng kuàng kuàng) - emphasizes the emptiness even more.

Degree Adverbs

十分空旷, 非常空旷, 格外空旷 (Very/Extremely/Exceptionally spacious).

Resultative Complements

变得空旷了 (Has become spacious/empty).

State Complements

空旷得能听到回声 (So empty that you can hear an echo).

Noun Modification with '的'

空旷的场地 (A spacious field).

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レベル別の例文

这里很大，很空旷。

It is very big and very spacious/empty here.

Subject + 很 + Adjective.

操场上没人，很空旷。

There is no one on the playground, it's very spacious.

Describes a place where people are missing.

这个房间很空旷。

This room is very spacious and empty.

Basic descriptive sentence.

公园里很空旷。

The park is very open and empty.

Used for outdoor spaces.

那片地很空旷。

That piece of land is very open.

Describing land.

学校现在很空旷。

The school is very empty now.

Time-based state of emptiness.

这里感觉很空旷。

It feels very spacious here.

Using 感觉 (feel) with the adjective.

大厅里很空旷。

The hall is very spacious and empty.

Describing large indoor structures.

搬家后，老房子变得很空旷。

After moving, the old house became very empty and spacious.

变得 (become) + Adjective.

空旷的野外没有树。

The open wilderness has no trees.

Adjective + 的 + Noun.

我们在空旷的场地上玩耍。

We played on the open field.

Prepositional phrase describing location.

晚上的街道显得格外空旷。

The streets at night appear exceptionally spacious.

显得 (appear) + Adverb + Adjective.

他喜欢在空旷的地方散步。

He likes to walk in open/spacious places.

Describing a preference for a type of environment.

这间教室太空旷了。

This classroom is too empty/spacious.

太...了 (too...) structure.

远处的草原非常空旷。

The distant grassland is very vast and open.

Describing distance and scale.

没有家具的客厅很空旷。

A living room without furniture is very spacious.

Noun phrase + Adjective.

空旷的走廊里传来了脚步声。

The sound of footsteps came from the empty, spacious corridor.

Emphasizing the acoustic quality of the space.

这种空旷的感觉让我觉得有点孤单。

This sense of emptiness makes me feel a bit lonely.

Connecting physical space to emotion.

飞机降落在空旷的停机坪上。

The plane landed on the spacious, empty apron.

Professional/Technical context.

这里的视野非常空旷，可以看到很远。

The view here is very open; you can see very far.

视野 (field of vision) + 空旷.

他站在空旷的舞台中心。

He stood in the center of the vast, empty stage.

Setting a dramatic scene.

空旷的山谷里回荡着他的声音。

His voice echoed in the vast, empty valley.

Describing echoes and space.

为了安全，请在空旷的地方燃放烟花。

For safety, please set off fireworks in an open area.

Giving instructions/advice.

雨后的广场显得更加空旷寂静。

After the rain, the square appeared even more spacious and quiet.

Combining adjectives for atmosphere.

这片空旷的废墟曾经是一座繁华的城市。

This vast expanse of ruins was once a bustling city.

Contrast between past (繁华) and present (空旷).

面对空旷的大海，他陷入了沉思。

Facing the vast, empty sea, he fell into deep thought.

Literary use for reflection.

建筑师利用空旷的空间营造出一种现代感。

The architect used spacious areas to create a sense of modernity.

Professional context: Architecture.

尽管房间很空旷，但他却感到很有压力。

Even though the room was spacious and empty, he felt very stressed.

Using '尽管...却' for contrast.

空旷的公路伸向远方，看不见尽头。

The empty highway stretched into the distance, with no end in sight.

Describing perspective and distance.

冬天的公园显得格外空旷荒凉。

The park in winter looks exceptionally spacious and desolate.

Pairing '空旷' with '荒凉'.

他在空旷的沙漠中寻找水源。

He searched for water in the vast, empty desert.

Standard geographical description.

这种空旷感是城市生活中难以体验到的。

This sense of spaciousness is hard to experience in city life.

Abstract noun usage (空旷感).

那幅画通过大量的留白，展现出一种空旷的意境。

That painting shows a spacious and profound artistic conception through a large amount of blank space.

Artistic/Literary analysis.

空旷的荒野上，只有风声在低吟。

On the vast, empty wilderness, only the sound of the wind is murmuring.

Personification and poetic imagery.

他追求一种空旷而自由的生活方式。

He pursues a spacious and free lifestyle.

Metaphorical use for lifestyle.

在空旷的宇宙面前，人类显得如此渺小。

In the face of the vast, empty universe, humans appear so insignificant.

Philosophical comparison.

设计师刻意保持了大厅的空旷，以突显那座雕塑。

The designer deliberately kept the hall spacious to highlight that sculpture.

Intentional design choice.

这种空旷并不让人恐惧，反而带有一种宁静的美。

This emptiness does not make one afraid; instead, it carries a serene beauty.

Nuanced emotional description.

空旷的厂房里，机器的残骸诉说着往日的辉煌。

In the vast, empty factory building, the remains of machines tell of past glories.

Evoking history and nostalgia.

他喜欢在深夜里，享受那份空旷带来的安宁。

He likes to enjoy the peace brought by that emptiness in the dead of night.

Complex emotional state.

诗人笔下的空旷，往往折射出内心的孤独与超脱。

The emptiness in the poet's writing often reflects inner loneliness and transcendence.

Advanced literary criticism.

这种空旷感超越了物质层面，上升到了哲学的高度。

This sense of emptiness transcends the material level and rises to a philosophical height.

High-level abstract discussion.

在漫长的历史长河中，这段时间的记录显得空旷而贫乏。

In the long river of history, the records of this period appear empty and scarce.

Metaphorical use for time/history.

空旷的建筑结构与周围密集的居民区形成了鲜明对比。

The spacious architectural structure stands in sharp contrast to the surrounding dense residential areas.

Urban planning analysis.

这种空旷的审美追求，源于对繁杂世俗的回避。

This aesthetic pursuit of emptiness stems from an avoidance of complicated worldly affairs.

Explaining aesthetic origins.

他在空旷的冥想中，找到了自我的本质。

In the vast emptiness of meditation, he found the essence of self.

Spiritual/Philosophical context.

作品中那种空旷的张力，让每一个观众都感到震撼。

The spacious tension in the work leaves every viewer feeling awestruck.

Artistic terminology (张力 - tension).

城市的空旷往往意味着某种秩序的缺失或重组。

The emptiness of a city often implies a lack or reorganization of a certain order.

Sociological observation.

よく使う組み合わせ

空旷的野外

显得空旷

视野空旷

空旷的街道

一片空旷

空旷的大厅

感觉空旷

空旷的土地

空旷的广场

变得空旷

よく使うフレーズ

空旷地带

— An open area or zone, often used in military or safety contexts.

直升机降落在空旷地带。

空旷感

— A sense or feeling of spaciousness and emptiness.

这栋建筑的设计强调了空旷感。

空旷无物

— Completely empty; not a single thing in sight.

沙漠里空旷无物，只有沙子。

空旷寂静

— Spacious and quiet; used to describe a peaceful but empty place.

夜晚的山林空旷寂静。

视野开阔空旷

— A view that is both wide and empty of obstacles.

海边的视野开阔空旷。

空旷的声响

— The specific hollow sound produced in a large, empty space.

他的脚步声在空旷的走廊里引起了回响。

空旷的背景

— An empty background, often in photography or theater.

照片的背景很空旷，突出了主体。

空旷的胸怀

— A metaphorical use meaning a broad, open, and generous mind.

他有着如大海般空旷的胸怀。

空旷的荒原

— A vast, empty wasteland.

他们迷失在空旷的荒原上。

寻找空旷处

— To look for an open space.

我们在寻找空旷处停放车辆。

よく混同される語

空旷 vs 宽敞

Means spacious and comfortable (usually positive). Use for a nice office.

空旷 vs 空虚

Means mentally empty or hollow (emotional). Use for a person's heart.

空旷 vs 空洞

Means hollow or lacking substance. Use for a speech or a physical hole.

慣用句と表現

"旷野无人"

— A vast wilderness with no one around. Used to describe extreme solitude.

在那旷野无人的地方，他感到了孤独。

Literary

"心旷神怡"

— Relaxed and happy due to an open view or pleasant environment.

这里的风景让人心旷神怡。

Common

"地广人稀"

— Vast land with a sparse population. Describes regions like Siberia or Tibet.

那个省份地广人稀，非常空旷。

Formal

"空空如也"

— Absolutely empty. Can be used for rooms or even one's brain.

他的口袋里空空如也。

Neutral

"一望无际"

— Stretch as far as the eye can see. Used for plains, seas, and open spaces.

一望无际的空旷草原。

Literary

"寥若晨星"

— As few as the stars at dawn. Describes things that are very sparse in an empty space.

广场上的行人寥若晨星。

Literary

"海阔天空"

— As wide as the sea and sky. Describes a feeling of limitless freedom.

聊起天来，真是海阔天空。

Common

"门可罗雀"

— So quiet and empty that you could catch sparrows at the door. Describes a place with no visitors.

这家店现在门可罗雀，十分空旷。

Literary

"万籁俱寂"

— All sounds are hushed. Describes the silence of a vast, empty night.

空旷的深夜，万籁俱寂。

Literary

"无人之境"

— A place where no one goes. Often used for remote, empty landscapes.

他仿佛进入了无人之境。

Literary

間違えやすい

空旷 vs 宽敞

Both mean 'spacious'.

宽敞 is positive/comfortable; 空旷 emphasizes emptiness/vastness.

这间大厅很宽敞 (This hall is roomy). 这间大厅很空旷 (This hall is empty and vast).

空旷 vs 广阔

Both mean 'vast'.

广阔 doesn't imply emptiness; 空旷 does.

广阔的森林 (A vast forest). 空旷的田野 (An empty field).

空旷 vs 开阔

Both describe open spaces.

开阔 focuses on the 'openness' of the view; 空旷 focuses on the 'emptiness'.

心胸开阔 (Open-minded). 场地空旷 (The ground is empty).

空旷 vs 荒凉

Both describe empty places.

荒凉 implies a negative, dead, or neglected state; 空旷 is more neutral.

荒凉的沙漠 (A desolate desert). 空旷的操场 (An empty playground).

空旷 vs 空荡

Both mean empty.

空荡 is usually for smaller, enclosed spaces like a room or a box; 空旷 is for larger areas.

房间里空荡荡的 (The room is empty). 广场很空旷 (The square is vast and empty).

文型パターン

[Place]很空旷。

公园很空旷。

空旷的[Noun]没有[Something]。

空旷的野外没有树。

[Place]显得格外空旷。

冬天的海滩显得格外空旷。

[Something]让[Place]变得空旷。

搬走家具让房间变得空旷。

在空旷的[Noun]中，[Action]。

在空旷的草原中，他自由地奔跑。

[Place]给人一种空旷感。

这座教堂给人一种空旷感。

通过[Method]，营造出空旷的意境。

通过留白，营造出空旷的意境。

[Abstract Subject]显得如此空旷而[Adjective]。

历史的记忆显得如此空旷而遥远。

語族

名詞

空旷感 (sense of spaciousness)

旷野 (wilderness)

空间 (space)

動詞

旷 (to neglect/to be broad)

空出 (to leave empty)

形容詞

空旷 (spacious/empty)

空 (empty)

旷 (vast)

使い方

frequency

Common in written and spoken Mandarin, especially in descriptive contexts.

よくある間違い

Using '空旷' for a small box. → 空盒子 (Empty box).
'空旷' requires a sense of vastness and scale. It doesn't apply to small objects.
Using '空旷' to mean 'roomy and comfortable'. → 宽敞 (Spacious/Roomy).
'空旷' emphasizes the lack of things, which can feel lonely. '宽敞' is for comfortable space.
Using '空旷' for a crowded forest. → 广阔 (Vast).
A forest is full of trees. '空旷' requires the space to be mostly empty.
Saying '我的心很空旷' for sadness. → 我的心很空虚 (My heart is empty/hollow).
'空虚' is the standard word for emotional emptiness. '空旷' is usually physical.
Missing the 'u' in 'Kuang'. → Kuàng.
Learners often say 'Kang', which is a different word. The 'u' glide is essential.

ヒント

Using with '显得'

Native speakers often use '显得' (xiǎnde - to appear) with '空旷'. '操场显得很空旷' sounds more natural than just '操场很空旷'.

Contrast with '拥挤'

To remember '空旷', learn its opposite: '拥挤' (yōngjǐ - crowded). Thinking of them as a pair helps you categorize spatial descriptions.

Atmospheric Writing

When writing a story, use '空旷' to signal a change in pace. A move from a busy city to an '空旷' mountain signals a moment of reflection.

Tone Accuracy

Make sure the first tone 'Kōng' is high and flat, and the fourth tone 'Kuàng' drops sharply. This contrast is key to being understood.

Spring Festival Context

During the 'Chunyun' (Spring Festival travel rush), use '空旷' to describe the cities left behind by migrant workers.

Minimalist Design

If you like minimalist architecture, '空旷' is the word you use to describe that aesthetic of 'less is more'.

Describing Landscapes

Use '空旷' for plains and deserts, but '茂密' (màomì - dense) for forests. They are natural opposites.

Audio Cues

In listening exams, if you hear '回声' (echo), the answer is likely '空旷'.

Size Matters

Only use '空旷' if the space is big enough to walk in. A cup is never '空旷'.

Emotional Nuance

Remember that '空旷' can feel lonely. If you want to say a place is big but you *like* it, consider '开阔' instead.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of King Kong (空/Kōng) standing in a huge, empty parking lot (旷/Kuàng). King Kong needs a lot of space because he is big, and the lot is empty.

視覚的連想

Imagine a single white chair in the middle of a giant, empty airplane hangar. That feeling of the chair being lost in space is '空旷'.

Word Web

Field Empty Vast Echo No People Desert Hall Horizon

チャレンジ

Try to find three places in your neighborhood that are '空旷' at night but '拥挤' (crowded) during the day. Write a sentence for each.

語源

The word is composed of two characters: '空' (kōng) and '旷' (kuàng). '空' originally meant a cave or a hole, later evolving to mean 'empty' or 'sky.' '旷' is composed of the 'sun' (日) radical and 'broad' (广), originally referring to a sunlit, wide field.

元の意味： A vast, sunlit field with nothing blocking the view.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese).

文化的な背景

Generally a safe, descriptive word. No major taboos.

English speakers might use 'desolate' or 'godforsaken' for negative empty spaces, but '空旷' is more neutral. It's closer to 'vast and empty.'

The poem 'Deer Enclosure' by Wang Wei describes an empty mountain. The film 'Hero' (Zhang Yimou) uses many vast, empty spaces for visual impact. Documentaries about the Qinghai-Tibet railway often use this word.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Nature/Outdoors

空旷的草原
空旷的沙漠
空旷的山谷
空旷的野外

Urban/Architecture

空旷的广场
空旷的街道
空旷的大厅
空旷的走廊

Moving/Housing

房间很空旷
变得空旷
空旷的房子
显得空旷

Feelings

感到空旷
空旷的心情
空旷感
内心的空旷

Safety/Instructions

空旷的地方
空旷地带
寻找空旷处
在空旷处

会話のきっかけ

"你喜欢住在拥挤的城市，还是空旷的郊区？ (Do you like living in a crowded city or the open suburbs?)"

"你见过最空旷的地方在哪里？ (Where is the most spacious/empty place you have ever seen?)"

"如果房间太空旷了，你会怎么装饰它？ (If a room is too empty, how would you decorate it?)"

"为什么晚上的街道显得那么空旷？ (Why do the streets look so empty at night?)"

"你觉得空旷的地方会让人感到孤独吗？ (Do you think open/empty places make people feel lonely?)"

日記のテーマ

描述一次你站在空旷的大自然中的感受。 (Describe how you felt standing in the vastness of nature.)

写一写搬家时，看着空旷的旧房子的心情。 (Write about your feelings looking at your empty old house when moving.)

想象一个空旷的未来城市，那里发生了什么？ (Imagine a vast, empty future city; what happened there?)

对比一下你家附近的公园在周末和工作日的空旷程度。 (Compare the emptiness of a park near your home on weekends vs. weekdays.)

你认为‘空旷’是一种美吗？为什么？ (Do you think 'emptiness/spaciousness' is a kind of beauty? Why?)

よくある質問

10 問

No. '空旷' is for large spaces like fields or halls. For a wallet, just use '空' (kōng) or '没钱' (méi qián).

It is neutral. It can be positive (feeling of freedom) or negative (feeling of loneliness/desolation), depending on the context. For example, '空旷的草原' is usually positive, but '空旷的家' might be sad.

'空荡荡' (kōng dàng dàng) is more informal and emphasizes the 'hollow' feeling of emptiness, often used for rooms. '空旷' is more formal and emphasizes the vast scale of the empty space.

Yes, but it is literary/metaphorical. It suggests a mind that is open, empty of clutter, or perhaps feeling a void.

You can say '田野很空旷' (Tiányě hěn kōngkuàng).

Yes, in real estate or factory management to describe available space or large facilities.

Usually no. A car interior is '宽敞' (roomy). If a car is '空旷,' it would mean it has no seats or engine!

很 (hěn), 非常 (fēicháng), 十分 (shífēn), 格外 (géwài), 极其 (jíqí).

Rarely. For the sky, we usually use '辽阔' (liáokuò) or '广阔' (guǎngkuò).

According to HSK standards, it is often introduced at the A2/B1 transition (HSK 4). It is a foundational word for description.

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