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A1 noun 15분 분량

pátek

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 pátek 30초 만에

설명 pátek in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'pátek' is one of the essential vocabulary items you learn when studying the days of the week. You should be able to recognize the word, know that it means Friday, and use it in simple sentences about your schedule. The most important phrase to master is 'v pátek' (on Friday). You will use this to tell people when you have time, when you are working, or when you are going to the cinema. At this stage, you don't need to worry about all the complex case endings, but you should know that 'pátek' is a masculine word and that it is not capitalized in Czech. You will likely encounter it in dialogues like 'Co děláš v pátek?' (What are you doing on Friday?) or 'V pátek mám volno' (I have Friday off). Focus on the pronunciation, particularly the long 'á', and practice the sequence of days so you know that 'pátek' comes after 'čtvrtek'. This level is all about basic communication and being able to navigate a simple calendar.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'pátek' in more varied contexts and with more complex grammar. You should be comfortable using prepositions like 'do' (until) and 'od' (from) with 'pátek', which requires the genitive form 'pátku'. For example, 'Pracuju od pondělí do pátku'. You will also start using the adjective 'páteční' to describe things like 'páteční večer' (Friday evening). At this level, you can talk about recurring events using 'každý pátek' (every Friday). You are also expected to understand the word in the context of dates, such as 'v pátek 10. května'. You might start to notice the word in social invitations and be able to respond with more detail, perhaps mentioning what time on Friday you are available. The focus at A2 is on expanding the utility of the word beyond simple 'on Friday' statements and integrating it into your daily routines and past experiences (e.g., 'Minulý pátek jsem byl v Praze').

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By the B1 level, your use of 'pátek' should be fluent and integrated into more complex sentence structures. You should be able to use various cases correctly, including the instrumental ('před pátkem' - before Friday) and the locative ('o pátku' - about Friday). You will also start to encounter and use common idioms or fixed expressions involving 'pátek', such as 'Velký pátek' (Good Friday). At this stage, you should be able to discuss plans and contingencies involving Fridays, using conditional sentences like 'Kdyby byl pátek, byl bych šťastnější' (If it were Friday, I would be happier). You will also be expected to understand the word in professional contexts, such as deadlines, work schedules, and business meetings. Your ability to distinguish between 'tento pátek', 'příští pátek', and 'minulý pátek' should be solid. At B1, you are not just using the word for basic scheduling, but as a tool for more nuanced communication about your life and work.

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At the B2 level, you should have a deep understanding of 'pátek' including its cultural nuances and more obscure grammatical applications. You will be familiar with the word's use in media, news, and literature. You should be able to understand and use phrases like 'pěkných pár pátků' to describe a long period of time. Your grasp of the adjective 'páteční' will extend to more abstract concepts, like 'páteční atmosféra' (Friday atmosphere). You will be able to follow fast-paced conversations where 'pátek' might be used colloquially or as part of a joke. At this level, you should also be aware of the historical and religious significance of the day in the Czech context. You can participate in discussions about work-life balance, where 'pátek' often serves as a focal point. Your usage should be natural, and you should be able to correct yourself if you accidentally use an English-style capitalization or the wrong preposition.

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At the C1 level, 'pátek' is a word you use with the same ease as a native speaker. You are aware of its etymological roots and how it relates to other Slavic languages. You can use the word in sophisticated writing, such as essays or professional reports, without any hesitation regarding case or context. You will understand literary references to 'pátek' and be able to appreciate the stylistic choices an author makes when focusing on this day. You are also familiar with less common regional variations or archaic uses of the word. In discussion, you can use 'pátek' as a starting point for complex cultural comparisons. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but also sociological, recognizing its role in the Czech concept of 'chataření' (cottage culture). At this level, the word is a fully integrated part of your high-level communicative competence, used with precision and stylistic appropriateness.

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At the C2 level, you possess a near-native or native-like mastery of the word 'pátek'. You can detect the subtle emotional or social subtext when a speaker emphasizes the word in different ways. You are comfortable using 'pátek' in any register, from the most formal legal or academic documents to the most informal slang. You can play with the word linguistically, perhaps using it in puns or creative writing. Your knowledge of its history, from Old Czech to the modern day, is comprehensive. You understand all its idiomatic uses perfectly and can even use them ironically or in novel ways. At this level, 'pátek' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a tiny piece of the vast Czech linguistic and cultural puzzle that you have successfully mastered. You can explain its nuances to other learners and possess a deep intuition for its correct usage in every possible scenario.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

pátek 30초 만에

Pátek means Friday in Czech and is the fifth day of the week.
It is a masculine inanimate noun and is not capitalized in sentences.
To say 'on Friday', use the phrase 'v pátek' with the accusative case.
The word is derived from 'pátý', which means 'fifth' in the Czech language.

The Czech word pátek identifies the fifth day of the work week, known in English as Friday. Linguistically, it is deeply rooted in the Slavic counting system, derived from the word 'pátý', which means fifth. In the Czech cultural consciousness, pátek is not merely a chronological marker but a psychological threshold. It represents the transition from the structured, often demanding labor of the work week to the liberated space of the weekend. For students, it is the final push before freedom; for employees, it is the day of concluding tasks and planning social gatherings. The word functions as a masculine inanimate noun, which is crucial for learners to remember when applying adjectives or determining the correct case endings in various syntactic environments. Unlike English, the names of days in Czech are not capitalized unless they appear at the very beginning of a sentence, a common point of confusion for native English speakers.

Temporal Designation: Pátek refers specifically to the twenty-four-hour period following Thursday (čtvrtek) and preceding Saturday (sobota).
Cultural Significance: In the Czech Republic, Friday afternoon often sees a mass exodus from cities like Prague or Brno as people head to their 'chaty' or 'chalupy' (country cottages), making 'pátek' a word associated with travel and nature.
Grammatical Gender: It is a masculine inanimate noun, which follows the 'hrad' (castle) declension pattern, though it has some specific irregularities in the genitive case.

When using this word in a sentence to indicate that something is happening on Friday, Czech speakers use the preposition 'v' followed by the accusative case. Interestingly, for the word pátek, the accusative form is identical to the nominative form. Therefore, 'v pátek' means 'on Friday'. This differs from 'v pondělí' (on Monday) or 'v úterý' (on Tuesday) where the forms might feel different due to their endings. Throughout the Czech Republic, you will hear this word in every imaginable context: from the local bakery discussing when fresh bread is delivered, to the high-stakes boardroom where deadlines are set for the end of the week. It is a word of anticipation, relief, and logistical necessity.

Už se nemůžu dočkat, až bude konečně pátek a my pojedeme na hory.

Furthermore, the word appears in several religious and historical contexts. 'Velký pátek' refers to Good Friday, a significant day in the Christian calendar which is now a public holiday in the Czech Republic. Historically, the word carries the weight of centuries of Slavic tradition where the days were named after their order or their proximity to the day of rest. Understanding 'pátek' is a gateway to understanding the Czech rhythm of life. It is the day of 'pohoda' (well-being) as the evening approaches. Whether you are ordering a beer at a pub on a Friday night or scheduling a doctor's appointment, the word 'pátek' will be central to your communication. It is one of the first words a learner acquires, yet its nuances in case usage and its role in idiomatic expressions provide a continuous learning curve.

In modern urban slang, you might hear variations or diminutives, but the standard form remains dominant. The plural 'pátky' is used when referring to Fridays in general, such as 'nemám rád pátky' (I don't like Fridays) or 'každý pátek' (every Friday). The linguistic stability of this word across different Czech dialects is remarkable, making it a reliable pillar of your vocabulary. As you progress in your Czech studies, you will see how 'pátek' interacts with various prefixes and suffixes to create adjectives like 'páteční' (Friday-related), further enriching your ability to describe the world around you in the Czech language.

Using 'pátek' correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of Czech declension and prepositional logic. The most frequent use case is expressing when an action occurs. In English, we use 'on' (on Friday), but in Czech, we use the preposition 'v' (or 've' in certain phonetic environments, though not typically with pátek). This preposition 'v' takes the accusative case when expressing time. Since 'pátek' is a masculine inanimate noun, its accusative singular is the same as its nominative singular. Thus, 'v pátek' is the standard construction. For example, 'Přijdu v pátek' (I will come on Friday). This simplicity is a relief for beginners, but complexity arises when we move to other cases.

Genitive Case (pátku): Used after prepositions like 'do' (until) or 'od' (from). Example: 'Pracujeme od pondělí do pátku' (We work from Monday to Friday).
Locative Case (pátku): Used after 'o' (about). Example: 'Mluvili jsme o tom pátku' (We talked about that Friday).
Instrumental Case (pátkem): Used after 'před' (before) or 'za' (behind/in). Example: 'Před pátkem to nestihnu' (I won't finish it before Friday).

When you want to say 'every Friday', you have two main options. You can use the phrase 'každý pátek', where 'každý' is an adjective in the masculine nominative (or accusative) singular. Alternatively, you can use the plural 'v pátky', though this is slightly less common in everyday speech than 'každý pátek'. Adjectives also play a significant role. If you want to describe something that belongs to or happens on a Friday, you use the adjective 'páteční'. For instance, 'páteční večer' (Friday evening) or 'páteční nákup' (Friday shopping). Note that 'páteční' is a soft adjective, meaning its ending remains '-í' across most genders in the nominative singular.

Máš čas tenhle pátek večer, nebo už máš nějaké plány?

Negation and quantification also follow standard Czech rules. 'Nemám rád pátky' uses the accusative plural because 'pátky' is the direct object of the verb. If you are talking about 'many Fridays', you would use the genitive plural: 'pěkných pár pátků' (a good few Fridays), which is an idiomatic way of saying 'a long time'. This versatility makes 'pátek' a great word for practicing your case endings. In formal writing, you might encounter 'pátek' in dates: 'V pátek 13. prosince' (On Friday, December 13th). Notice how the day comes first, followed by the number and the month in the genitive case. This structure is essential for formal correspondence and scheduling meetings.

Finally, consider the use of 'pátek' in the context of the work week. 'Páteční špička' (Friday rush hour) is a common phrase heard on the radio. If you are talking about the deadline, you might say 'do pátku' (by Friday). The word is also used in the context of 'Velký pátek' (Good Friday), where it remains capitalized in that specific religious name. By mastering these sentence patterns, you move from simply knowing the word to being able to use it fluently in a variety of real-life situations, from the mundane to the complex.

In the Czech Republic, 'pátek' is a word that echoes through the streets, offices, and homes with a particular resonance. On Friday mornings, you will hear it in the workplace as colleagues greet each other with 'Konečně pátek!' (Finally Friday!). This phrase is almost a universal mantra, signaling the end of the professional grind. In office environments, you will hear it in logistical discussions: 'Musíme to odeslat do pátku' (We must send it by Friday) or 'Budeš v pátek v kanceláři?' (Will you be in the office on Friday?). The word is synonymous with deadlines and the subsequent relief of their completion.

Public Transport and Radio: Listen to any Czech radio station like Evropa 2 or Radiožurnál on a Friday, and you will hear 'páteční provoz' (Friday traffic) mentioned constantly. Traffic reports focus heavily on the 'výjezd z Prahy' (exit from Prague) as people head to the countryside.
Retail and Commerce: Supermarkets often have 'páteční akce' (Friday sales), and you'll see signs in shop windows advertising special offers for the weekend starting on Friday.
Social Life: In pubs (hospody), 'pátek' is the peak of the week. 'Páteční pivo' (Friday beer) is a cultural institution. You will hear friends calling each other: 'Jdeme v pátek na jedno?' (Are we going for one [beer] on Friday?).

In schools and universities, 'pátek' is the day of fewer classes or the dreaded 'páteční test'. Students often discuss their weekend plans on Friday mornings, making 'pátek' the most frequently mentioned day in the hallways. You might also hear it in the context of television programming. Czech TV channels often schedule their big entertainment shows or blockbuster movies for 'páteční večer', and announcers will frequently promote these during the week: 'Už tento pátek ve 20:00'. This commercial and entertainment usage reinforces the word's association with leisure and relaxation.

V pátek odpoledne bývají na dálnici D1 vždycky velké kolony.

Another interesting place you will encounter the word is in the news, particularly around Easter. 'Velký pátek' is a major topic, with reports on opening hours and religious services. In historical documentaries, you might hear about 'Černý pátek' (Black Friday), referring either to the 1929 stock market crash or the modern shopping phenomenon. Even in literature and film, 'pátek' serves as a setting for transition. Robinson Crusoe's companion, Friday, is translated as 'Pátek' in Czech, and this name is well-known to every Czech child who has read the classic adventure story. This literary connection adds a layer of personification to the word that is quite unique.

Finally, the word appears in the digital sphere. Czech social media is flooded with 'páteční memy' (Friday memes) and hashtags like #patek. Influencers often post 'páteční inspirace' (Friday inspiration). Whether it is through a speaker at a train station announcing a Friday-only connection or a grandmother telling her grandchildren they will bake a cake on Friday, the word is an inseparable part of the Czech auditory landscape. It carries with it an energy of completion and the promise of rest, making it one of the most positively charged words in the daily lexicon of a Czech speaker.

Learning to use 'pátek' correctly involves navigating several linguistic pitfalls that commonly ensnare English speakers. The most frequent error is capitalization. In English, Friday is always capitalized. In Czech, 'pátek' is only capitalized if it starts a sentence. Writing 'V Pátek' in the middle of a sentence is a clear sign of a non-native speaker. Another major hurdle is the prepositional choice. English speakers often want to translate 'on Friday' literally, but Czech uses 'v' (in/on) with the accusative. Some learners mistakenly use 'na pátek', which actually means 'for Friday' (as in, 'I have an appointment scheduled for Friday').

Preposition Confusion: Mistake: 'Na pátek půjdu do kina.' (Incorrect for 'On Friday'). Correct: 'V pátek půjdu do kina.' Use 'na pátek' only when something is intended for that day.
Case Endings in Plural: Mistake: 'Mám rád pátka.' (Incorrect). Correct: 'Mám rád pátky.' Remember that 'pátek' is inanimate, so its plural accusative ends in '-y'.
Confusion with 'Pátý': Learners sometimes confuse the noun 'pátek' with the ordinal number 'pátý' (fifth). While they share a root, they function differently in a sentence.

Another common issue is the genitive singular form. While most masculine inanimate nouns following the 'hrad' pattern end in '-u' in the genitive (pátku), some learners might try to apply the '-a' ending which is reserved for animate nouns or specific inanimate exceptions. Saying 'do pátka' is actually heard in some dialects and informal speech, but in standard written Czech, 'do pátku' is the correct form. Furthermore, learners often struggle with the word 'víkend' (weekend) in relation to 'pátek'. They might say 'v pátek víkend' instead of 'v pátek začíná víkend' (the weekend starts on Friday).

Špatně: Budu tam na pátek. Správně: Budu tam v pátek.

The distinction between 'příští pátek' (next Friday) and 'tento pátek' (this Friday) can also be tricky. In Czech, if it is currently Thursday and you say 'v pátek', people will assume you mean tomorrow. If you say 'příští pátek', it usually means the Friday of the following week. However, this can be ambiguous just as it is in English, so adding dates or saying 'tento týden v pátek' (this week on Friday) is a good way to avoid confusion. Lastly, the pronunciation of the 'á' is often shortened by English speakers. It is a long vowel, and failing to lengthen it can make the word sound like 'patek', which is incorrect and can sometimes lead to misunderstanding in fast conversation.

In summary, the most important things to watch for are: keep it lowercase, use 'v' for 'on', use 'do' for 'until', and ensure you are using the inanimate endings. By being mindful of these specific areas, you will avoid the most frequent errors and sound much more like a native speaker. Practice saying 'v pátek' as a single unit of sound to help internalize the correct prepositional usage. Over time, these rules will become second nature, and you will be able to discuss your Friday plans with confidence and precision.

While 'pátek' is the specific name for Friday, there are several related words and alternatives that can enrich your Czech vocabulary. The most direct relative is the adjective páteční. This is used whenever you need to describe something as 'of Friday'. For example, 'páteční oběd' (Friday lunch) or 'páteční nálada' (Friday mood). Understanding the relationship between the noun and its adjective form is a key step in mastering Czech word families. Another related term is víkend (weekend), as Friday is the gateway to this period.

Pátek vs. Pátý: 'Pátek' is the noun (Friday), whereas 'pátý' is the ordinal number (fifth). They share the root 'pát-'. You would use 'pátý' when saying 'the fifth of May' (pátého května).
Pátek vs. Všední den: 'Všední den' means 'weekday' or 'workday'. Friday is the last 'všední den' of the standard week. If you want to say 'any workday', you use 'všední den'.
Pátek vs. Konec týdne: 'Konec týdne' means 'end of the week'. While this often refers to the weekend, in business contexts, it frequently means Friday.

In some contexts, you might hear the term 'malý pátek' (little Friday) used for Thursday. This is a colloquial way of saying that the weekend feeling is starting early. There is also the phrase 'svatý pátek', which is used in some idioms to emphasize a long duration or a specific time, though this is more archaic. When comparing 'pátek' to other days, it's useful to know the sequence: pondělí (Monday), úterý (Tuesday), středa (Wednesday), čtvrtek (Thursday), pátek (Friday), sobota (Saturday), neděle (Sunday). Notice how only 'sobota' and 'neděle' are feminine; the rest are masculine or neuter (pondělí, úterý).

Místo slova pátek můžeme někdy říct 'konec pracovního týdne'.

If you are looking for synonyms in a poetic or highly informal sense, they are rare, as day names are quite fixed. However, the use of 'páteček' (a diminutive form) can be heard among friends to express a particularly joyful or anticipated Friday. This diminutive adds a sense of warmth and excitement. Additionally, in the context of religious holidays, 'Velký pátek' is the only term used for Good Friday; there is no common alternative. Understanding these synonyms and related terms helps you place 'pátek' within the broader map of the Czech language, allowing you to choose the most appropriate word for your specific context.

Finally, consider the word 'padesátka' (fifty) or other words starting with 'pa-'. They are not related to 'pátek', but for a beginner, they might look similar. Always look for the 't' in 'pátek' which links it to the number five (pět). This etymological link is your best tool for distinguishing 'pátek' from other similar-looking words. By exploring these alternatives and related terms, you build a more robust and flexible vocabulary, moving beyond simple translations to a deeper understanding of how Czech words connect and interact.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In many Slavic languages, the word for Friday is almost identical (e.g., 'piątek' in Polish, 'пятница' in Russian), all referencing the number five.

발음 가이드

UK /ˈpaːtɛk/

US /ˈpɑːtɛk/

Primary stress is on the first syllable: PÁ-tek.

라임이 맞는 단어

svátek (holiday) zmatek (confusion) statek (farm/estate) dostatek (plenty) zbytek (rest/remainder) úplatek (bribe) poplatek (fee) doplatek (surcharge)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'á' short like in 'pat'.
Capitalizing the word as in English.
Failing to pronounce the 'k' clearly at the end.
Adding an English 'r' sound after the 'a'.
Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.

난이도

독해 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text once you know the days of the week.

쓰기 2/5

The 'á' length and lowercase 'p' are the only minor challenges.

말하기 2/5

Requires correct vowel length and stress on the first syllable.

듣기 1/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to identify in speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

pět čtvrtek den týden v

다음에 배울 것

sobota neděle víkend příští minulý

고급

pátečník Velký pátek pátý pracovní týden

알아야 할 문법

Preposition 'v' with time

v pátek, v sobotu, v neděli

Masculine inanimate declension

do pátku (genitive), o pátku (locative)

Adjective formation from nouns

pátek -> páteční

Lowercase for days of the week

Dnes je pátek. (Correct) vs Dnes je Pátek. (Incorrect)

Ordinal numbers root

pátý den = pátek

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수준별 예문

Dnes je pátek.

Today is Friday.

Simple nominative case used as a subject.

V pátek nejdu do školy.

On Friday I am not going to school.

Preposition 'v' + accusative (which looks like nominative).

Máš čas v pátek?

Do you have time on Friday?

Interrogative sentence with 'v pátek'.

Pátek je můj oblíbený den.

Friday is my favorite day.

Noun as the subject of the sentence.

Uvidíme se v pátek.

See you on Friday.

Future intent expressed with 'uvidíme se'.

V pátek pracuju doma.

On Friday I work at home.

Verb 'pracuju' (1st person singular).

Je pátek večer.

It is Friday evening.

Combination of day and time of day.

Pátek, sobota, neděle.

Friday, Saturday, Sunday.

Listing days in sequence.

Každý pátek chodíme do kina.

Every Friday we go to the cinema.

'Každý' matches the masculine inanimate noun 'pátek'.

Musím to udělat do pátku.

I must do it by Friday.

Preposition 'do' requires the genitive case 'pátku'.

Minulý pátek jsem byl nemocný.

Last Friday I was sick.

Past tense 'jsem byl' with 'minulý pátek'.

Páteční večeře byla skvělá.

The Friday dinner was great.

Adjective 'páteční' modifying 'večeře'.

Pojedeme na chatu už v pátek?

Will we go to the cottage as early as Friday?

Use of 'už' to emphasize the early start.

Od pondělí do pátku jsem v práci.

From Monday to Friday I am at work.

Range of time using 'od... do...' with genitive cases.

V pátek ráno piju kávu v kavárně.

On Friday morning I drink coffee in a cafe.

Specific time of day 'pátek ráno'.

Tento pátek je svátek.

This Friday is a holiday.

'Svátek' means holiday/name day.

Mluvili jsme o tom příštím pátku.

We were talking about that next Friday.

Locative case 'pátku' after preposition 'o'.

Před pátkem to určitě nestihnu.

I certainly won't make it before Friday.

Instrumental case 'pátkem' after preposition 'před'.

Velký pátek je teď v Česku dnem pracovního klidu.

Good Friday is now a non-working day in the Czech Republic.

Specific religious/public holiday term.

Zastavte se za námi v pátek odpoledne.

Stop by our place on Friday afternoon.

Imperative 'zastavte se' with a time designation.

Páteční špička je v Praze hrozná.

The Friday rush hour in Prague is terrible.

Noun phrase 'páteční špička'.

Doufám, že v pátek bude hezké počasí.

I hope the weather will be nice on Friday.

Subordinate clause starting with 'že'.

V pátky obvykle končíme dřív.

On Fridays we usually finish earlier.

Plural 'v pátky' to indicate regularity.

Můžeš ten termín posunout na pátek?

Can you move that deadline to Friday?

'Na pátek' indicates the target day.

Už je to pěkných pár pátků, co jsme se viděli.

It's been a good few Fridays since we saw each other.

Idiomatic use of 'pár pátků' for a long time.

Páteční vydání novin bývá nejtlustší.

The Friday edition of the newspaper is usually the thickest.

Adjective 'páteční' modifying 'vydání'.

Většina lidí má v pátek odpoledne už 'páteční náladu'.

Most people already have a 'Friday mood' on Friday afternoon.

Colloquial expression 'páteční nálada'.

Pokud to do pátku nedodáte, budeme muset zakázku zrušit.

If you don't deliver it by Friday, we will have to cancel the order.

Conditional sentence with a strict deadline.

Oslava se koná v pátek třináctého.

The celebration takes place on Friday the 13th.

Reference to the superstitious date.

Nemám rád tyhle deštivé pátky.

I don't like these rainy Fridays.

Accusative plural 'pátky' with an adjective.

V pátek se v naší firmě nosí neformální oblečení.

In our company, informal clothes are worn on Fridays.

Passive-like construction with 'se'.

S tím pátkem stále počítám.

I am still counting on that Friday.

Instrumental case 'pátkem' after 's' (with/on).

Páteční podvečer v centru města má své neopakovatelné kouzlo.

Friday early evening in the city center has its own unique charm.

Sophisticated descriptive sentence.

Jeho jméno bylo Pátek, stejně jako den, kdy ho Robinson našel.

His name was Friday, just like the day Robinson found him.

Proper noun usage in a literary context.

Vzhledem k blížícímu se pátku rostla nervozita v celém týmu.

Given the approaching Friday, nervousness was growing throughout the team.

Dative case 'pátku' after 'k' (towards/approaching).

Až do onoho osudného pátku nikdo nic netušil.

Until that fateful Friday, no one suspected anything.

Use of 'onoho' (that) for dramatic effect.

Páteční tisk se podrobně věnoval vládní krizi.

The Friday press devoted itself in detail to the government crisis.

Collective noun 'tisk' with adjective.

Tento zvyk se u nás dodržuje každý pátek už po generace.

This custom has been observed here every Friday for generations.

Present tense expressing a long-term habit.

Pátek se v české kultuře nese v duchu příprav na chalupaření.

Friday in Czech culture is characterized by preparations for cottage life.

Abstract expression 'nese se v duchu'.

Kéž by už byl pátek a my mohli odjet.

If only it were Friday already and we could leave.

Optative mood with 'kéž by'.

Onen pátek se nesmazatelně vryl do paměti všech zúčastněných.

That Friday was indelibly etched into the memory of everyone involved.

High-level literary style.

Ačkoliv byl pátek, v kanceláři vládlo hrobové ticho.

Even though it was Friday, there was a deathly silence in the office.

Concessive clause with 'ačkoliv'.

Páteční glosa v ranním vysílání trefně glosovala politické dění.

The Friday commentary in the morning broadcast aptly commented on political events.

Use of specific journalistic terminology.

Všechny pátky světa by mi nestačily na to, abych ti to vysvětlil.

All the Fridays in the world wouldn't be enough for me to explain it to you.

Hyperbolic expression.

S pátkem jakožto symbolem konce pracovního cyklu se pojí mnohé sociologické teorie.

Many sociological theories are associated with Friday as a symbol of the end of the work cycle.

Formal academic 'jakožto'.

Už jen pár pátků a tato éra bude definitivně u konce.

Just a few more Fridays and this era will be definitively over.

Metaphorical use of the day name.

Páteční rituály, ač zdánlivě banální, tvoří tmel naší komunity.

Friday rituals, though seemingly banal, form the glue of our community.

Complex parenthetical structure.

Nebýt onoho pátku, celý můj život by se ubíral jiným směrem.

Were it not for that Friday, my whole life would have taken a different direction.

Negative conditional 'nebýt' with genitive.

자주 쓰는 조합

Velký pátek

Černý pátek

páteční večer

páteční odpoledne

páteční doprava

každý pátek

příští pátek

minulý pátek

do pátku

v pátek ráno

자주 쓰는 구문

Konečně pátek!

— Finally Friday! Expresses relief that the work week is ending.

Konečně pátek, jdeme na pivo!

V pátek se nepracuje.

— One doesn't work on Friday. Often used jokingly in offices.

Dneska už nic neudělám, v pátek se nepracuje.

Pátek, blázinec svátek.

— Friday, a holiday for madmen. A rhyme implying Fridays are chaotic.

Všichni dneska blázní, pátek, blázinec svátek.

Mít pátek.

— To have 'Friday' (as in, to have a day off or feel like it's Friday).

Dneska mám v práci pátek, nic se neděje.

Až naprší a uschne v pátek.

— When it rains and dries on Friday. Means 'never'.

Půjčím ti ty peníze, až naprší a uschne v pátek.

Páteční chvilka poezie.

— A Friday moment of poetry. A reference to an old TV show, used for brief interludes.

A teď naše malá páteční chvilka poezie.

Od pátku do neděle.

— From Friday to Sunday. Refers to the whole weekend.

Budeme tam od pátku do neděle.

V pátek 13.

— On Friday the 13th. Refers to the unlucky day.

Dneska je pátek 13., dej si pozor.

Páteční nákup.

— Friday shopping. Refers to the big weekly grocery shop.

Musím udělat velký páteční nákup.

Páteční host.

— Friday guest. Someone who visits on a Friday.

Máme dneska pátečního hosta.

자주 혼동되는 단어

pátek vs pátý

Pátý is the ordinal number 'fifth', while pátek is the noun 'Friday'.

pátek vs pártek

A common misspelling or mispronunciation by learners; not a real word.

pátek vs patro

Means 'floor' or 'storey'; sounds slightly similar but unrelated.

관용어 및 표현

"mít v pátek svátek"

— To be very lucky or to have an unexpectedly easy day.

Dneska mám v pátek svátek, šéf nepřišel.

informal

"pěkných pár pátků"

— A long time (literally 'a nice few Fridays').

Už je to pěkných pár pátků, co jsme tam byli.

neutral

"pamatovat pamatné pátky"

— To remember very old times or to be very old.

Ten dům už pamatuje pamatné pátky.

literary/archaic

"v pátek po svatém Nikdy"

— On Friday after Saint Never. Means it will never happen.

Vrátí ti to v pátek po svatém Nikdy.

informal/humorous

"páteční štěstí"

— Friday luck. Luck that comes right before the weekend.

Měl jsem páteční štěstí a vyhrál jsem.

informal

"černý pátek"

— A day of disaster or heavy losses.

Byl to pro nás černý pátek.

neutral

"páteční šichta"

— The Friday shift. Often implies a shift where people are distracted.

Páteční šichta je vždycky nejdelší.

informal

"svatý pátek"

— Used as an exclamation of surprise or annoyance.

Svatý pátek, co se to stalo?

archaic/informal

"pátečníček"

— A person who loves Fridays or celebrates them.

On je takový náš pátečníček.

slang

"do pátku času dost"

— Plenty of time until Friday. Used to justify procrastination.

Neboj, do pátku času dost.

informal

혼동하기 쉬운

pátek vs pět

Both start with 'p' and are related to the number five.

Pět is the number 5, pátek is the name of the 5th day. You use 'pět' for counting and 'pátek' for the day.

Mám pět jablek. V pátek půjdu ven.

pátek vs pátý

They share the same root.

Pátý is an adjective (fifth), pátek is a noun (Friday). Pátý describes order, pátek is a specific name.

Je to pátý dům na levé straně. Dnes je pátek.

pátek vs pondělí

Both are days of the week starting with 'p'.

Pondělí is Monday, the 1st day. Pátek is Friday, the 5th day.

V pondělí začínám, v pátek končím.

pátek vs páteční

They are the noun and adjective forms of the same concept.

Pátek is the day itself (noun). Páteční describes something related to Friday (adjective).

V pátek (noun) si dám páteční (adjective) menu.

pátek vs svátek

They rhyme and both refer to specific days.

Pátek is a day of the week. Svátek is a holiday or a name day.

V pátek má můj bratr svátek.

문장 패턴

V pátek [sloveso].

V pátek spím.

Každý pátek [sloveso].

Každý pátek plavu.

Musím to udělat do [pátku].

Musím to udělat do pátku.

Už je to pár pátků, co...

Už je to pár pátků, co jsme se viděli.

Vzhledem k blížícímu se [pátku]...

Vzhledem k blížícímu se pátku jsme spěchali.

Nebýt onoho [pátku]...

Nebýt onoho pátku, nic by se nestalo.

Dnes je [den].

Dnes je pátek.

[Adjektivum] pátek.

Hezký pátek!

어휘 가족

명사

pátečník (member of the Friday group)

páteček (diminutive Friday)

형용사

páteční (Friday-related)

사용법

frequency

Very high; used daily in almost all contexts.

자주 하는 실수

V Pátek (capitalized) → v pátek
Days of the week are not capitalized in Czech unless they start a sentence.
Na pátek (for 'on Friday') → v pátek
The preposition 'v' is used for 'on' with days of the week in Czech.
Do pátka → do pátku
The standard genitive ending for 'pátek' is '-u'. 'Pátka' is informal or dialectal.
Pátek večer (without preposition) → v pátek večer
To say 'on Friday evening', you still need the preposition 'v'.
Příští pátek (when you mean this coming Friday) → tento pátek
Using 'příští' can be ambiguous; it often refers to the Friday of the following week.

팁

Case Consistency

Remember that 'v pátek' is accusative. Even though it looks like the nominative, knowing it's accusative helps you when you use adjectives: 'v tento pátek'.

Root Connection

Always link 'pátek' with 'pět' (5). This will help you remember it's Friday and not another day of the week.

Cottage Culture

If you are in Prague on a Friday afternoon, expect heavy traffic. Everyone is heading to their 'chata'!

Long Vowel

Don't rush the first syllable. The 'á' should be held twice as long as a normal 'a'.

Lowercase Rule

Train your brain to write 'v pátek' with a small 'p'. It's one of the most common mistakes for English speakers.

A Long Time

Use 'pár pátků' when you want to sound more like a native speaker describing a long duration.

Friday Beer

Invite a Czech friend 'na páteční pivo'. It's a great way to practice your conversation.

Public Holiday

Check the calendar for 'Velký pátek'. Shops might have limited hours or be closed.

Little Friday

If someone says 'malý pátek', they mean Thursday and they are likely in a good mood!

Slavic Unity

Knowing 'pátek' will help you in Poland (piątek) and Slovakia (piatok) too!

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Pátek' and the number 'pět' (five). Friday is the 5th day. 'Pátek' starts with 'Pá', just like 'Pátý' (fifth).

시각적 연상

Imagine a big number 5 wearing a party hat because it's Friday and the weekend is coming.

Word Web

pět (5) pátý (5th) víkend pivo chata volno čtvrtek sobota

챌린지

Try to use 'v pátek' in three different sentences today: once about work, once about a hobby, and once about a meeting.

어원

Derived from the Proto-Slavic word *pętъkъ, which comes from the word for 'five' (*pętь). This is because Friday was the fifth day of the week in the traditional Slavic counting system.

원래 의미: The fifth day.

Indo-European > Slavic > West Slavic > Czech

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities; the word is neutral and safe to use in all contexts.

Unlike in the US or UK where 'Friday' is always capitalized, in Czech, it is lowercase. The concept of 'Casual Friday' exists in some international companies in Prague, but it's not a universal Czech tradition.

Pátečníci (The Friday Men) - a famous intellectual circle. Robinson Crusoe's Friday (Pátek in Czech). Velký pátek (Good Friday) - a significant public holiday.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Work/Office

Do pátku to bude hotové.
Máš v pátek volno?
Páteční porada.
Uvidíme se v pátek.

Socializing

Jdeme v pátek ven?
Páteční party.
Co děláš v pátek večer?
V pátek jdeme na pivo.

Travel

Odjíždíme v pátek.
Páteční zácpa.
V pátek jedeme na chatu.
Lístek na pátek.

School

V pátek píšeme test.
Páteční rozvrh.
V pátek končíme dřív.
Těším se na pátek.

Shopping

Páteční nákupy.
Sleva platí v pátek.
Otevřeno i v pátek.
Černý pátek.

대화 시작하기

"Co máš v plánu na tenhle pátek?"

"Těšíš se na pátek, nebo máš hodně práce?"

"Kam obvykle chodíš v pátek večer?"

"Pracuješ v pátek z domova, nebo jsi v kanceláři?"

"Jaký byl tvůj minulý pátek?"

일기 주제

Popiš svůj ideální pátek od rána do večera.

Proč je pátek pro mnoho lidí nejdůležitějším dnem v týdnu?

Co jsi dělal minulý pátek a co plánuješ na ten příští?

Napiš o tom, jak se liší pátek v zimě a v létě.

Je pro tebe pátek dnem práce, nebo už dnem odpočinku?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, unlike in English, days of the week in Czech are written with a lowercase letter. You only capitalize 'pátek' if it is the first word in a sentence or part of a specific proper name like 'Velký pátek' in some contexts.

The correct phrase is 'v pátek'. It uses the preposition 'v' followed by the accusative case. Since 'pátek' is a masculine inanimate noun, the accusative form is the same as the nominative.

The genitive form is 'pátku'. You use it after prepositions like 'do' (until) or 'od' (from). For example: 'do pátku' means 'by Friday' or 'until Friday'.

It is a masculine inanimate noun. This is important for choosing the right form of adjectives (e.g., 'tento pátek', 'příští pátek') and for declension.

It means 'Good Friday'. It is a major Christian holiday commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus and is a public holiday in the Czech Republic.

Generally, no. 'Na pátek' means 'for Friday', as in 'plán na pátek' (a plan for Friday) or 'odložit na pátek' (to postpone until Friday). For 'on Friday', always use 'v pátek'.

Pátek is the noun meaning 'Friday'. Pátý is the ordinal number meaning 'fifth'. They are related because Friday is the fifth day of the week.

You can say 'každý pátek' (most common) or 'v pátky' (on Fridays). Both are grammatically correct and widely used.

It is the adjective form of 'pátek'. It means 'Friday' (as an adjective), like in 'páteční večer' (Friday evening) or 'páteční noviny' (Friday newspaper).

It depends. 'Pátek 13.' is considered unlucky, just like in many other cultures. However, for most people, Friday is a 'lucky' day because it marks the start of the weekend.

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