A1 · 초급 챕터 7

Asking Questions and Saying No

5 총 규칙
60 예문
5 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of conversation by learning to ask questions and express negation with confidence.

  • Form negative sentences using 'not'.
  • Construct simple questions with the verb 'to be'.
  • Ask for information using Wh-words like What and Where.
Ask, deny, and discover: master the art of dialogue!

배울 내용

Get ready to chat! In this chapter, you'll discover how to ask simple questions and say no clearly, making conversations much easier. Soon you'll be asking "What's your name? and saying I'm not tired!" like a pro.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Form basic negative sentences correctly.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Ask and answer simple questions about identity and ability.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Mastering how to ask simple questions and confidently say no is a cornerstone for any beginner learning English. This chapter will equip you with essential tools to start engaging in basic conversations right away. You'll learn the fundamental English asking questions and saying no structures that are crucial for A1 English grammar, helping you navigate everyday interactions with ease.
We'll break down how to form negative sentences using 'not' with the verb 'be' (like
I am not hungry
) and then expand on general negation using helper verbs. You'll also discover the straightforward method for asking yes/no questions with 'be' (like
Are you a student?
). Furthermore, we'll introduce the powerful English Wh-questions (What, Where, When) to gather more specific information, and show you how to use the verb 'can' for both asking about abilities and declining requests.
By the end of this guide, you'll feel much more confident expressing yourself and understanding others.

How This Grammar Works

Let's dive into how these simple yet powerful grammar tools function. When you want to state that something is not true or someone is not something, you primarily use 'not' after the verb 'be' (am, is, are). For example,
I am not tired.
or "She isn't here." Notice how we often use contractions like 'isn't' and 'aren't' in casual speech.
To turn a statement with 'be' into a question, it's incredibly simple: just move the 'be' verb to the beginning of the sentence. So,
You are happy
becomes
Are you happy?
For making other types of sentences negative, particularly those with action verbs, you'll often need a helper verb like 'do' before 'not'. For instance,
I do not like coffee
or "He doesn't speak French." This 'do' verb changes form to 'does' for 'he', 'she', 'it' in the present simple. When asking for specific information, we use Wh-questions like What, Where, and When.
If the sentence uses the verb 'be', the Wh-word comes first, followed by 'be':
Where is the park?
. If it has an action verb, you'll use 'do' after the Wh-word:
What do you like?
. Finally, the verb 'can' is special.
To ask a question, you swap the subject and 'can':
Can you help me?
. To say no, you use 'cannot' or its common contraction, 'can't': "I can't go."

Common Mistakes

Learning to ask questions and say no effectively sometimes involves avoiding common pitfalls. Here are a few:
  1. 1✗ Wrong: I not am ready.
✓ Correct: I am not ready.
*Explanation:* The word 'not' always comes immediately after the 'be' verb (am, is, are).
  1. 1✗ Wrong: You are hungry?
✓ Correct: Are you hungry?
*Explanation:* For yes/no questions with 'be', invert the subject and the 'be' verb.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: Where you live?
✓ Correct: Where do you live?
*Explanation:* When asking a Wh-question about an action, you need the helper verb 'do' (or 'does') after the Wh-word.

Real Conversations

Here are a few quick chats to show these grammar points in action.

Dialogue 1: Meeting Someone New

A

A

Hello! What's your name?
B

B

Hi! My name is Maria. What's your name?
A

A

I'm Tom. Are you from Spain, Maria?
B

B

No, I'm not from Spain. I'm from Mexico.

Dialogue 2: Making Plans

A

A

Are you busy this evening?
B

B

Yes, I am. I can't meet tonight.
A

A

Oh, okay. When can you meet?
B

B

Maybe tomorrow? I'm not busy then.

Dialogue 3: Quick Questions

A

A

Excuse me, is this the bus stop?
B

B

Yes, it is.
A

A

Great! When does the next bus come?
B

B

In five minutes.

Quick FAQ

Q: How do I make a simple English sentence negative at an A1 level?

For sentences with the verb 'be' (am, is, are), simply put 'not' right after it, like

He is not happy.
For other verbs, you usually add 'do not' (or 'don't') before the main verb, such as
I do not understand.

Q: What are the easiest ways to ask basic questions in English?

The simplest way is to invert the subject and the verb 'be' (e.g.,

Is she here?
). For more specific information, use Wh-words like What, Where, or When at the beginning, often followed by 'do/does' for actions (e.g.,
What do you like?
) or 'be' (e.g.,
Where is it?
).

Q: Can I always just say no to answer a question in English?

While you *can* say no, it's often more polite and natural to use a full negative sentence. For example, instead of just No to

Are you tired?
, say "No, I'm not tired. Using just no" can sometimes sound a bit direct or abrupt.

Q: How do I use 'can' for questions and negatives in elementary English?

To ask a question with 'can', you put 'can' before the subject (e.g.,

Can you swim?
). To make a negative sentence, put 'not' after 'can', often contracted to 'can't' (e.g., "I can't come").

Cultural Context

In English-speaking cultures, direct questions and negative statements are common and generally accepted, especially at an A1 level where clarity is key. While you learn to say no directly (e.g.,
I am not hungry
), it's also good to know that native speakers sometimes soften a direct no with a brief explanation or apology (e.g., "I can't go, I'm busy.
). Always use polite terms like
please and thank you" when asking questions to maintain a friendly tone.

주요 예문 (8)

1

I'm not tired after that long flight.

그 긴 비행 후에 피곤하지 않아요.

영어 부정문: '~이 아니다' (am not, isn't, aren't)
2

The new restaurant isn't open on Mondays.

그 새 레스토랑은 월요일에는 열지 않아요.

영어 부정문: '~이 아니다' (am not, isn't, aren't)
3

Am I late for class?

제가 수업에 늦었나요?

준비됐나요? 'be' 동사를 사용한 영어 질문
4

Are you a student?

학생이세요?

준비됐나요? 'be' 동사를 사용한 영어 질문
5

I am not tired after that long walk.

긴 산책 후에도 나는 피곤하지 않아요.

영어 부정문: 'not'을 올바르게 사용하는 방법
6

She isn't here yet for our coffee meeting.

그녀는 아직 커피 미팅에 오지 않았어요.

영어 부정문: 'not'을 올바르게 사용하는 방법
7

What is your name?

이름이 뭐예요?

영어 Wh-질문: 무엇, 어디, 언제
8

Where are you from?

어디에서 왔어요?

영어 Wh-질문: 무엇, 어디, 언제

팁과 요령 (4)

💡

줄임말을 사용해요

“isn't”와 “aren't” 같은 줄임말을 사용하면 캐주얼한 대화나 문자에서 훨씬 더 자연스러운 원어민처럼 들릴 거예요. 이건 정말 자주 쓰이고 기대되는 표현이거든요! "It isn't difficult."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: '~이 아니다' (am not, isn't, aren't)
💡

뒤집기 연습!

먼저 평범한 문장을 떠올려 보세요. 예를 들어, 'You are happy.' 이 문장에서 첫 두 단어만 뒤집으면 질문이 돼요: Are you happy? 매일 연습하면 쉬워질 거예요!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 준비됐나요? 'be' 동사를 사용한 영어 질문
💡

줄임말을 활용해요!

줄임말은 ('isn't', 'aren't', 'can't', 'don't', 'doesn't') 영어 회화나 편한 글에서 아주 흔하게 쓰여요. 이걸 쓰면 더 자연스럽고 유창하게 들릴 거예요! 친구에게 '오늘 뭐 할까?'라고 물을 때, '우리 오늘 밤에 영화 보러 안 가?'라고 말하고 싶다면: "Aren't we going to watch a movie tonight?"
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: 'not'을 올바르게 사용하는 방법
💡

'be' 동사로 먼저 연습하기

'What is...?', 'Where are...?', 'When is...?'처럼 'be' 동사를 쓰는 질문부터 시작해 보세요. 순서 익히는 데 도움이 돼요!
What is your job?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 Wh-질문: 무엇, 어디, 언제

핵심 어휘 (6)

not negation marker what asking for information where asking for location can expressing ability tired feeling of fatigue ready prepared for action

Real-World Preview

coffee

At the Café

Review Summary

  • Subject + be + not
  • Be + subject + ...?
  • Wh-word + be + subject?
  • Subject + can + verb

자주 하는 실수

In English, we use 'not' as the adverb for negation, not 'no'. 'No' is usually used for direct answers.

Wrong: I no happy.
정답: I am not happy.

To make a question, you must invert the subject and the verb 'to be'.

Wrong: You are tired?
정답: Are you tired?

Even with a Wh-word, the subject and verb must remain inverted in a question.

Wrong: What you are?
정답: What are you?

Next Steps

You have done a fantastic job! Keep asking questions and don't be afraid to make mistakes.

Watch an English interview and write down 3 questions you hear.

Continue to: The Basics of Time and Space

빠른 연습 (10)

알맞은 Wh-단어를 골라 빈칸을 채워 보세요.

___ is your name?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: What
이름과 같은 정보나 신분을 물어볼 때는 'What'을 사용해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 Wh-질문: 무엇, 어디, 언제

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

We isn't going to the party.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: We aren't going to the party.
주어 'We'는 복수이므로 'is not' (isn't)가 아니라 'are not' (aren't)가 필요해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: '~이 아니다' (am not, isn't, aren't)

올바른 문장을 고르세요.

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I'm not hungry.
'I'에 대한 올바른 부정 줄임말은 'I'm not'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: '~이 아니다' (am not, isn't, aren't)

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

He can't to play the piano.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He can't play the piano.
'can'이나 'can't' 뒤에는 항상 'to' 없이 동사원형이 와야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 질문과 부정

문장을 완성하기 위해 올바른 형태를 고르세요.

My cat ___ a fan of baths.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: isn't
주어 'My cat'은 단수(it)이기 때문에 'isn't' (is not)를 사용합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: '~이 아니다' (am not, isn't, aren't)

올바르게 부정문을 사용한 문장을 선택하세요.

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I am not happy.
'be' 동사를 부정할 때는 'am', 'is', 'are' 바로 뒤에 'not'이 와요. 'I am not happy'가 올바른 구조예요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: 'not'을 올바르게 사용하는 방법

알맞은 'be' 동사를 골라 질문을 완성하세요.

___ she busy right now?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Is
주어 'she'에는 'be' 동사의 'is' 형태가 맞아요. 질문을 만들려면 'is'를 'she' 앞에 둬야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 준비됐나요? 'be' 동사를 사용한 영어 질문

부정문을 완성하기 위해 올바른 형태를 선택하세요.

She ___ a doctor, she's a scientist.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: isn't
3인칭 단수 주어 (she, he, it)가 'be' 동사와 함께 쓰일 때, 'is not'을 사용하며, 이는 'isn't'로 줄여 쓸 수 있어요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: 'not'을 올바르게 사용하는 방법

문장의 실수를 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

They no like pizza.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: They don't like pizza.
일반 동사 'like'에는 보조 동사 'do' (또는 he/she/it의 경우 'does')와 'not'이 필요해요. 'Don't'는 'do not'의 줄임말이에요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어 부정문: 'not'을 올바르게 사용하는 방법

질문을 완성할 올바른 형태를 고르세요.

___ you speak French?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Can
'Can'은 능력에 대해 물을 때 사용되며, 'do'나 'are'와 같은 보조 동사가 필요 없어요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 질문과 부정

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

'to be' 동사 (am, is, are) 바로 뒤에 'not'을 붙이면 돼요. 예를 들어, I am은 I am not이 되고, She is는 She is not이 되고, They are는 They are not이 됩니다.
"isn't«와 »aren't"는 줄임말(contractions)인데, 일상적인 대화나 비격식적인 글쓰기(문자 메시지처럼)에서 더 짧고 흔하게 사용돼요. 문장을 더 자연스럽게 만들어주죠.
'be' 동사 (am, is, are)와 주어의 위치를 바꾸기만 하면 돼요! 예를 들어, 'You are happy'는 Are you happy?가 되죠.
비격식적인 상황에서는 이해될 수 있지만, 문법적으로 영어 '네/아니오' 질문은 'be' 동사가 주어 앞에 와야 해요. Are you tired?가 가장 표준적이고 명확한 방법이에요.
부정문은 문장이 반대되는 내용을 말하거나, 어떤 것이 사실이 아니라고 표현하는 방법이에요. 영어에서는 주로 동사나 보조 동사에 'not'을 붙여서 만들어요. 예를 들어, 'I am happy'는 '나는 행복해요.'인데, 'I am not happy'는 '나는 행복하지 않아요.'가 돼요.
일반적으로 'not'은 'be' 동사 (am not, isn't, aren't) 바로 뒤나 'can' 같은 조동사 (can't, cannot) 뒤에 와요. 다른 대부분의 일반 동사에는 'do'나 'does' 같은 보조 동사 뒤에 와요 (don't, doesn't).
이전 챕터
Talking About Actions and Habits
다음 챕터
The Basics of Time and Space
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