A1 · 초급 챕터 6

Talking About Actions and Habits

4 총 규칙
46 예문
5 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of asking questions and saying no to navigate daily life with confidence.

  • Form negative sentences using don't and doesn't.
  • Construct questions with do and does.
  • Describe current actions using continuous questions and negatives.
Unlock the power of conversation.

배울 내용

Ready to chat more about your daily life? This chapter will help you easily say 'no' to things you don't do, and confidently ask questions like 'Do you work?' Soon, you'll be having simple conversations about what's happening right now!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'don't' and 'doesn't' to accurately express daily habits.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Formulate questions using 'do' and 'does' to interview a peer.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Discuss current activities in the negative and interrogative forms.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Mastering English talking about actions and habits is a cornerstone of A1 English grammar, and this chapter is your friendly guide! Imagine being able to share what you do every day, or what you *don't* do, without hesitation. That's exactly what we'll achieve here.
You'll learn simple yet powerful ways to say no to actions and habits, like "I don't like coffee,
and to ask straightforward questions such as
What do you do? or Is he working right now?" This ability to describe ongoing actions and regular routines will unlock countless simple conversations, helping you connect with others and talk about your daily life. Get ready to build essential communication skills that make your English sound natural and confident!

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of talking about actions and habits in English are a few key helper words that make questions and negatives easy. When you want to say you don't do something regularly, or someone else doesn't do something, you use do or does plus not (contracted to don't or doesn't), followed by the base form of the verb. For example, "I don't speak French, or She doesn't live here.
For questions about habits, do or does comes first:
Do you work? or Does he like pizza?"
When you use the verb have, which is super common, it follows the same pattern for questions and negatives. You always need do or does as the helper verb. So, it's
Do you have a car?
not
Have you a car?
and "I don't have a pet, not I haven't a pet."
Finally, for actions happening at this very moment – what you are doing right now – we use the Present Continuous. This involves a form of the verb be (am, is, are) and the -ing form of the main verb. To make it negative, you add not after be:
I am not working
or "He isn't reading.
To ask a question, you simply move the be verb to the front:
Are you listening? or Is she eating?" These structures work together to help you describe your world accurately, whether it's an everyday routine or something happening as we speak.

Common Mistakes

Learning new grammar can sometimes lead to small mix-ups, but that's part of the journey! Here are some common errors and how to fix them:
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    He no like coffee.
    /
    You have a car?
✓ Correct: "He doesn't like coffee.« / »Do you have a car?"
*Explanation:* Always use don't or doesn't for negatives, and do or does for questions about habits and with the verb have.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    I am not work now.
    / Are you study?
✓ Correct:
I am not working now.
/
Are you studying?
*Explanation:* For actions happening right now (Present Continuous), you need both the be verb and the -ing form of the main verb.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: "She don't live here."
✓ Correct: "She doesn't live here."
*Explanation:* Remember the 's' for third-person singular (he, she, it) with does and doesn't.

Real Conversations

Let's see these grammar points in action!

A

A

Hi Sarah! Do you work on Saturdays?
B

B

No, I don't work on Saturdays. I relax! Do you have any plans today?
A

A

Hey, what are you doing?
B

B

I am watching a movie. Are you busy?
A

A

No, I am not working right now. I don't have any meetings.
A

A

Does he live near here?
B

B

No, he doesn't live near here. He lives far away.
A

A

Oh. Does he have a car?
B

B

Yes, he does. He drives to work every day.

Quick FAQ

Q

When do I use don't versus doesn't?

You use don't for I, you, we, they (e.g., "I don't like that"). You use doesn't for he, she, it (e.g., "He doesn't like that"). It depends on who is doing the action.

Q

Can I use do for questions about actions happening 'right now'?

No, for actions happening 'right now', you use a form of be and the -ing verb. For example,

Are you reading?
not
Do you read?
(unless you mean 'Do you read generally?').

Q

Why do we say

Do you have
instead of
Have you
for questions about possession?

In modern English, especially American English, do/does is almost always used as the helper verb for questions and negatives with have when it means possession. While

Have you a car?
might be understood,
Do you have a car?
is much more common and natural.

Q

What's the main difference between "I don't work and I am not working"?

"I don't work

talks about a habit or general fact (e.g.,
I don't have a job«). »I am not working
talks about an action that is not happening at this specific moment (e.g.,
I am not working *right now*").

Cultural Context

Native English speakers use these patterns constantly in daily conversation. You'll often hear contractions like don't and doesn't because they make speech flow more smoothly. While some older or more formal varieties of British English might still use Have you...? for possession, using do/does with have for questions and negatives is overwhelmingly common and natural in contemporary English everywhere.
Don't be afraid to use these helper verbs – they sound very natural!

주요 예문 (6)

1

I don't eat meat.

저는 고기를 먹지 않아요.

영어로 '아니오' 말하기: Don't & Doesn't
2

You don't need to hurry.

서두를 필요 없어요.

영어로 '아니오' 말하기: Don't & Doesn't
3

Do you live in a big city?

큰 도시에 사세요?

질문하기: Do와 Does (현재 시제 질문)
4

Does she like to cook dinner?

그녀는 저녁 식사 요리하는 것을 좋아해요?

질문하기: Do와 Does (현재 시제 질문)
5

I don't have a car for the trip.

여행 갈 차가 없어.

동사 'have': 질문과 부정문 (do/does)
6

Do you have a pen I can borrow?

빌릴 펜 있어?

동사 'have': 질문과 부정문 (do/does)

팁과 요령 (4)

💡

'S'를 기억해요!

'doesn't'에 있는 'S'를 보세요. 'He, She, It'처럼 주어가 하나일 때 'doesn't'를 써요. 만약 'I, You, We, They'처럼 주어에 'S' 소리가 안 나면 'don't'를 써요! "He doesn't like apples."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어로 '아니오' 말하기: Don't & Doesn't
💡

동사 원형 규칙

'Do'나 'Does' 뒤에는 동사의 원래 형태를 항상 써야 해요. 'Do'나 'Does'가 이미 시제와 주어 정보를 가지고 있기 때문에, 진짜 동사는 원래 모습 그대로 와요. 팀이라고 생각하면 돼요: 'Do/Does'가 리더고, 동사는 그냥 원래 모습으로 나타나기만 하면 되는 스타 선수예요!
Does she play soccer?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 질문하기: Do와 Does (현재 시제 질문)
💡

짧은 대답 연습하기

Yes, I do.나 "No, she doesn't.« 같은 짧은 대답은 영어 대화에서 정말 많이 쓰여. »do/does have" 질문에 대답할 때 자연스럽고 자신감 있게 들리려면 자주 연습해 봐.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 동사 'have': 질문과 부정문 (do/does)
💡

be동사를 먼저 찾으세요!

문장에 am, is, are가 있는지 보세요. 부정문은 그 바로 뒤에 not만 붙이면 돼요.
I am not sleeping.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 현재진행형: 부정문 및 의문문 (제가 일하고 있나요?)

핵심 어휘 (6)

work to perform tasks have to possess study to learn drink to consume liquid now at this moment breakfast morning meal

Real-World Preview

coffee

At the Office

Review Summary

  • Subject + don't/doesn't + verb
  • Do/Does + subject + verb?
  • Do/Does + subject + have?
  • Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?

자주 하는 실수

When using 'does', the main verb loses the 's'. The auxiliary takes all the work.

Wrong: Does he works here?
정답: Does he work here?

To ask a question, start with 'Do'. Don't just add a question mark to a statement.

Wrong: I don't have a car? (as a question)
정답: Do you have a car?

Present continuous requires the -ing ending. Without it, the sentence is grammatically incomplete.

Wrong: Are you work?
정답: Are you working?

Next Steps

You are building a fantastic foundation. Keep practicing, and don't stop asking questions!

Watch a short English interview and note the questions used.

Continue to: Asking Questions and Saying No

빠른 연습 (10)

문장을 완성하기 위해 올바른 형태를 고르세요.

My cat ___ like water.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: doesn't
'My cat'은 단수 주어(it)라서 'doesn't'를 사용해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어로 '아니오' 말하기: Don't & Doesn't

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

She don't speaks Spanish.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She doesn't speak Spanish.
'she'는 'doesn't'와 함께 써요. 그리고 'doesn't' 뒤의 동사(speak)는 's' 없이 원래 형태여야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어로 '아니오' 말하기: Don't & Doesn't

소유에 대해 올바르게 묻는 문장은 무엇인가요?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Does she have a sister?
'she'에게는 'does'를 사용해. 'does' 다음에는 'have' 동사가 항상 기본형으로 와야 하고, 'has'는 안 돼.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 동사 'have': 질문과 부정문 (do/does)

진행 중인 동작을 묻는 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

다음 중 맞는 문장은?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Are you studying for your exam?
현재진행형 의문문은 'be동사 + 주어 + -ing' 순서로 만듭니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 현재진행형: 부정문 및 의문문 (제가 일하고 있나요?)

문장을 완성하는 올바른 형태를 선택하세요.

My phone ___ a good camera.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: doesn't have
주어 'My phone'은 'it'이니까 'doesn't'를 사용해. 'doesn't' 다음에는 항상 기본형 'have'가 와야 해.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 동사 'have': 질문과 부정문 (do/does)

부정문을 완성하기 위해 알맞은 형태를 고르세요.

My phone ___ charging right now.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: isn't
주어가 단수(My phone)일 때는 'is not'의 줄임말인 'isn't'를 사용합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 현재진행형: 부정문 및 의문문 (제가 일하고 있나요?)

'don't'나 'doesn't'를 올바르게 사용한 문장은 무엇인가요?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: They don't watch TV.
'they'(복수)는 'don't'와 함께 써요. 동사 'watch'는 정확히 동사원형 형태예요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 영어로 '아니오' 말하기: Don't & Doesn't

질문에 맞는 올바른 조동사를 선택하세요.

___ your friends live nearby?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Do
'Your friends'는 복수 주어(they)이므로, 'Do'를 사용합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 질문하기: Do와 Does (현재 시제 질문)

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Does he works on weekends?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Does he work on weekends?
'Does' 뒤에는 본동사가 원형('work')이어야 합니다. 'works'가 아니에요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 질문하기: Do와 Does (현재 시제 질문)

습관에 대해 올바르게 질문하는 문장을 고르세요.

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Does she study English?
'She'는 'does'를 필요로 하고, 본동사 'study'는 원형이어야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 질문하기: Do와 Does (현재 시제 질문)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

현재형 동사를 '안 한다'고 말할 때 써요. 어떤 행동이나 습관이 일어나지 않는다는 것을 보여줘요. 예를 들면, "I don't like that."
주어가 'I, you, we, they'이거나 복수 명사일 때 써요 (예: students, my parents). 예를 들면, "We don't understand."
'Do'와 'Does'는 현재 단순 시제에서 '예/아니오' 질문을 만드는 조동사(helper verb) 역할을 해요. 습관, 일상, 일반적인 사실에 대해 질문한다는 것을 알려주는 신호예요.
Do you like apples?
'I', 'you', 'we', 'they'(그리고 복수 명사) 주어에는 'Do'를 써요. 'he', 'she', 'it'(그리고 단수 명사) 주어에는 'Does'를 써요. 주어와 동사의 일치 규칙이에요.
Does he play tennis?
'have'는 소유를 나타내는 주요 동사로 쓰일 때, 다른 대부분의 동사들처럼 행동해. 'be' 동사는 혼자서 질문과 부정문을 만들 수 있지만, 'have'는 질문과 부정문을 만들려면 조동사 'do'나 'does'가 필요해.
의미는 똑같아! Do not have는 완전한 형태이고, "don't have«는 줄임말이야. »Don't have"는 일상적인 구어체 영어와 비공식적인 글에서 훨씬 더 많이 사용되어서 대화가 더 자연스럽게 들리게 해줘.
이전 챕터
Describing Your World and Actions
다음 챕터
Asking Questions and Saying No
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