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B1 verb 10분 분량

hipotecar

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 hipotecar 30초 만에
설명 hipotecar in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'hipotecar' frequently, but it is helpful to know it relates to 'casa' (house) and 'dinero' (money). Think of it as a very serious way of saying you are using your house to get money from a bank. You might see it in simple stories about families buying a home. For example, 'La familia hipoteca la casa' means 'The family mortgages the house'. At this stage, focus on the fact that it is an action (-ar verb) involving a bank and a building. You can remember it by its similarity to 'hipopótamo' if that helps you remember the sound, though the meaning is totally different! Just know it means 'house + debt'. If you are A1, you probably won't use this word yourself, but you might hear it if you watch a Spanish news program or read a basic text about economy. It's a 'grown-up' word that children usually don't use, but adults use it when they talk about their big house problems. Just remember: hipotecar = bank + house + loan.
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At the A2 level, you should recognize 'hipotecar' as a regular verb that describes a financial transaction. You can start to use it in basic sentences about plans or past events. For instance, 'Mis tíos hipotecaron su casa el año pasado' (My aunt and uncle mortgaged their house last year). You should also learn the noun form, 'la hipoteca' (the mortgage), as you will hear people say 'tengo una hipoteca' very often. At this level, you are learning about the past tense, so remember the preterite forms: yo hipotequé, tú hipotecaste, él hipotecó. The spelling change in the 'yo' form is important to start noticing. You might also see this word in advertisements for banks or in real estate listings. It is a very practical word if you ever plan to live in a Spanish-speaking country. You can also start to understand the basic idea that hipotecar means 'to give a guarantee'. If you don't pay the money back, the bank takes the house. This is a clear, concrete concept that fits well with A2 vocabulary regarding the home and work.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'hipotecar' with confidence in both literal and figurative contexts. This is the level where you discuss more complex topics like personal finances, life decisions, and social issues. You should be able to explain *why* someone would hipotecar a property: 'Decidieron hipotecar su segunda vivienda para abrir un restaurante' (They decided to mortgage their second home to open a restaurant). You should also be comfortable with the metaphorical use, which is very common in Spanish conversation and media. For example, 'No quiero hipotecar mi tiempo libre por un sueldo un poco más alto' (I don't want to mortgage my free time for a slightly higher salary). This shows a deeper understanding of the word's nuances. You should also be aware of common collocations like 'hipotecar el futuro' or 'hipotecar los bienes'. Your grammar should be solid enough to handle the verb in various moods, including the subjunctive: 'Espero que no tengan que hipotecar la finca' (I hope they don't have to mortgage the farm). This is a key word for expressing intermediate-level thoughts on responsibility and risk.
At the B2 level, 'hipotecar' becomes a tool for sophisticated debate and analysis. You should be able to discuss the economic implications of 'hipotecar' on a national or global scale. For instance, you might discuss how a country's debt can 'hipotecar el desarrollo de las próximas décadas' (mortgage the development of the coming decades). You should be able to distinguish between 'hipotecar' and similar legal terms like 'pignorar' or 'gravar' with relative ease. At this level, you should also be familiar with the adjective 'hipotecario/a', as in 'préstamo hipotecario' (mortgage loan) or 'crisis hipotecaria' (mortgage crisis). You can use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as conditional sentences: 'Si no hubieran hipotecado la fábrica, ahora estarían en bancarrota' (If they hadn't mortgaged the factory, they would be bankrupt now). You should also understand the cultural weight of the word in Spanish-speaking societies, where the 'hipoteca' is often seen as a life-long burden or 'ancla' (anchor). Your use of the word should reflect an understanding of its formal and serious register.
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At the C1 level, you use 'hipotecar' with the precision of a native speaker, often in professional or academic contexts. You understand the fine legal distinctions and can use the word in abstract philosophical discussions. You might use it to describe the moral cost of certain actions: 'La empresa hipotecó su reputación por un beneficio trimestral efímero' (The company mortgaged its reputation for a fleeting quarterly profit). You are also comfortable with the passive forms and more literary uses of the verb. You can recognize and use the word in various registers, from a formal legal brief to a passionate political speech. You also understand the historical and social context of the word, perhaps referencing the 'burbuja inmobiliaria' (housing bubble) in Spain and how 'hipotecar' became a central verb in the national consciousness. Your vocabulary is rich enough to use synonyms and related terms to avoid repetition, choosing 'hipotecar' specifically when you want to emphasize the long-term, structural nature of the commitment or risk. You can also handle complex idioms and phrases involving the word without hesitation.
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At the C2 level, 'hipotecar' is a word you can manipulate with total mastery, using it to create subtle shades of meaning in your writing and speech. You can use it in highly specialized fields like macroeconomics, law, or philosophy with absolute accuracy. For instance, you might analyze how 'la deuda soberana puede llegar a hipotecar la soberanía política de un estado' (sovereign debt can end up mortgaging the political sovereignty of a state). You are aware of the word's etymology and how its meaning has evolved over time. You can use it in creative writing to convey a sense of dread, obligation, or inescapable fate. You understand the most obscure legal applications of the term and can explain them to others. Your use of 'hipotecar' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, whether you are discussing a complex financial instrument or a deep existential choice. You can also appreciate and use wordplay or irony involving the term, reflecting a complete immersion in the language and its nuances.
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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

hipotecar 30초 만에

  • A financial verb meaning to mortgage property as collateral.
  • Commonly used when buying a home or starting a business.
  • Has a strong metaphorical sense: risking the future for the present.
  • A regular -ar verb with a spelling change in the preterite 'yo' form.
The Spanish verb hipotecar is a fundamental term in the realms of finance, real estate, and everyday adult life. At its core, it refers to the legal and financial act of pledging a property—typically a house, land, or commercial building—as collateral to a lender, usually a bank, in exchange for a loan. This process creates a 'hipoteca' (mortgage). When you hipotecar your home, you are essentially telling the bank that they have a legal claim to the property if you fail to repay the borrowed money. It is a high-stakes transaction because it involves one's most significant assets.
Financial Context
In a financial sense, hipotecar is the action taken by a borrower to secure a debt. For example, 'Tuvieron que hipotecar la granja para salvar el negocio familiar' (They had to mortgage the farm to save the family business). This usage is very common in news reports regarding the housing market, interest rates, and banking regulations.
Beyond the literal financial meaning, hipotecar has a powerful metaphorical usage in Spanish. It is often used to describe the act of risking or compromising something valuable for the future in exchange for a temporary or immediate benefit. For instance, one might 'hipotecar su futuro' (mortgage their future) by taking on too much debt or making poor life choices that will limit their freedom later on. This figurative sense is frequently heard in political discourse and social commentary.

No es prudente hipotecar la salud por un trabajo que no te valora.

Legal Nuance
Legally, the act of hipotecar requires a formal public deed ('escritura pública') and registration in the Property Registry ('Registro de la Propiedad') to be valid against third parties. You don't just 'hipotecar' casually; it is a serious administrative process.

El banco le permitió hipotecar el local comercial para expandir la franquicia.

Muchos jóvenes temen hipotecar su libertad financiera durante treinta años.

Si decides hipotecar la casa, asegúrate de leer la letra pequeña del contrato.

No podemos hipotecar el bienestar de las futuras generaciones por beneficios inmediatos.

Summary of Usage
Whether you are discussing a bank loan or a life-altering decision, hipotecar implies a serious commitment where an asset or a future state is placed on the line as a guarantee. It is a word that carries weight, responsibility, and often a sense of long-term consequence.
Using hipotecar correctly requires understanding its transitive nature; you always hipotecar *something*. The object of the verb is the asset being pledged. In Spanish, we use it across all tenses to describe past actions, current states, or future intentions regarding debt and collateral.
Literal Application
When talking about real estate, the structure is usually: [Subject] + [Verb] + [Asset]. Example: 'Mis padres hipotecaron su casa en 1995' (My parents mortgaged their house in 1995). Here, the focus is the financial transaction itself. It is also common to see it in the passive voice: 'La propiedad fue hipotecada para pagar las deudas' (The property was mortgaged to pay the debts).

¿Estás dispuesto a hipotecar tu apartamento para financiar tu nueva empresa?

The metaphorical use is equally structured but applied to abstract concepts like time, future, or values. 'No quiero hipotecar mi jubilación' (I don't want to mortgage my retirement). In this context, it implies that current spending or actions will negatively impact one's financial security later in life.
Common Combinations
You will often see 'hipotecar' paired with 'bienes' (assets), 'inmuebles' (real estate), or 'el futuro' (the future). It is also frequently used with the preposition 'para' to explain the purpose: 'hipotecar para invertir' (to mortgage in order to invest).

Ella se niega a hipotecar sus principios por un ascenso rápido.

Si hipotecamos el edificio ahora, obtendremos el capital necesario.

El gobierno fue criticado por hipotecar los recursos naturales del país.

Nunca deberías hipotecar más del treinta por ciento de tus ingresos.

Negative Connotations
Because 'hipotecar' implies debt and the risk of loss, it often carries a negative or cautionary tone. To say someone is 'hipotecado hasta las cejas' (mortgaged up to their eyebrows) means they are drowning in debt.
The word hipotecar is pervasive in Spanish society, appearing in a variety of settings from the formal to the colloquial. One of the most common places you will hear it is in a bank ('el banco') or an estate agency ('la inmobiliaria'). When people discuss buying a home, the conversation inevitably turns to 'pedir una hipoteca' (asking for a mortgage) or 'hipotecar la vivienda' (mortgaging the dwelling).
The News and Media
Financial news segments frequently use 'hipotecar' when discussing the Euribor (the interest rate often used for Spanish mortgages) or changes in banking laws. You might hear: 'Los ciudadanos están dudando si hipotecar sus casas con intereses tan altos' (Citizens are doubting whether to mortgage their houses with such high interest rates).

Escuché en las noticias que es un mal momento para hipotecar propiedades.

In a more personal setting, you will hear it during family dinners or coffee breaks when friends talk about their financial burdens or future plans. It is a word that signifies adulthood and the transition into serious financial responsibility. It is also a staple in political debates. Politicians often accuse their opponents of 'hipotecando el futuro de nuestros hijos' (mortgaging our children's future) through excessive public spending or environmental neglect.
Legal and Academic Settings
Law students and legal professionals use 'hipotecar' when discussing 'derechos reales de garantía' (real security rights). In this context, it is a precise technical term for creating a lien on real property.

El notario explicó las consecuencias de hipotecar la segunda residencia.

Para obtener el crédito, la empresa tuvo que hipotecar sus oficinas centrales.

¿Viste ese anuncio? Dicen que puedes hipotecar tu casa sin intereses el primer año.

Mi abuelo siempre decía: 'Nunca dejes que nadie te convenza de hipotecar tu paz mental'.

Everyday Sayings
While not a slang word itself, 'hipotecar' appears in common expressions about risk. If someone says 'no hipoteques tu palabra' (don't mortgage your word), they are advising you not to make promises you can't keep, as it risks your reputation.
Learning to use hipotecar involves avoiding several linguistic and conceptual pitfalls. The most frequent error for English speakers is confusing it with other financial terms like 'alquilar' (to rent) or 'empeñar' (to pawn).
Confusion with 'Empeñar'
While both words involve collateral, 'empeñar' is used for movable objects like jewelry, watches, or electronics (think pawn shops). 'Hipotecar' is strictly for real estate or immovable property. You wouldn't 'hipotecar' a gold ring; you would 'empeñar' it.

Error: Voy a hipotecar mi reloj para pagar la cena. (Incorrect)
Correcto: Voy a empeñar mi reloj para pagar la cena.

Another common mistake is grammatical: failing to use the correct direct object. Since 'hipotecar' is transitive, you must state what is being mortgaged. Some learners mistakenly try to use it like 'borrow' (pedir prestado). You don't 'hipotecar' money; you 'hipotecar' a house to *get* money.
Spelling in the Preterite
As mentioned before, the spelling change from 'c' to 'qu' in 'hipotequé' is a classic mistake for B1 learners. Forgetting this change would lead to the incorrect spelling 'hipotecé', which would change the pronunciation to a 'th' or 's' sound depending on the dialect, which is incorrect.

Error: Yo hipotecé mi alma al diablo. (Incorrect spelling)
Correcto: Yo hipotequé mi alma al diablo.

Error: Necesito hipotecar cien mil euros. (Incorrect usage)
Correcto: Necesito hipotecar mi casa por cien mil euros.

Error: Ellos hipotecaron para el coche. (Vague)
Correcto: Ellos hipotecaron su casa para comprar el coche.

Error: La hipoteca hipotecó mi vida. (Redundant/Awkward)
Correcto: La deuda hipotecó mi vida.

Regional Variations
While the word is universal, some regions might use 'gravar' (to encumber/tax) in legal contexts more often. However, 'hipotecar' remains the most common term for general usage across the Spanish-speaking world.
To truly master hipotecar, it helps to understand its place among other related terms. Spanish has several words for securing loans or risking assets, each with a specific nuance.
Hipotecar vs. Empeñar
As discussed, 'hipotecar' is for real estate (houses, buildings), while 'empeñar' is for personal property (jewelry, laptops). 'Empeñar' also has a metaphorical meaning: 'empeñar su palabra' (to give one's word/pledge).
Hipotecar vs. Avalar
'Avalar' means to act as a guarantor for someone else's loan. When you 'avalas' a friend, you are promising to pay if they can't. When you 'hipotecas', you are putting up your own property as the guarantee. 'Avalar' is more about personal or corporate guarantee, whereas 'hipotecar' is about the specific asset.

Prefiero avalar a mi hijo que pedirle que hipoteque su casa.

Hipotecar vs. Comprometer
In metaphorical contexts, 'comprometer' (to compromise/jeopardize) is a common alternative. 'No comprometas tu futuro' is similar to 'No hipoteques tu futuro', but 'hipotecar' sounds more dramatic and implies a long-term burden.

La empresa decidió gravar sus activos para obtener liquidez inmediata.

Es mejor garantizar el préstamo con ahorros que hipotecar la vivienda.

No quiero arriesgar mi patrimonio hipotecando este terreno.

Podemos pignorar las acciones en lugar de hipotecar el edificio.

Summary of Alternatives
Use 'hipotecar' for houses, 'empeñar' for jewelry, 'avalar' for personal guarantees, and 'comprometer' or 'arriesgar' for figurative risks. Understanding these distinctions will make your Spanish sound much more precise and natural.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word is a 'cultismo', meaning it entered Spanish directly from Latin/Greek without the usual phonetic changes of common words.

발음 가이드

UK /i.po.te.'kar/
US /i.po.te.'kar/
Last syllable (kar)
라임이 맞는 단어
hablar pensar llegar comprar ganar luchar amar saltar
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing the 'h' (it must be silent).
  • Pronouncing 'o' like 'oh' in English (it should be shorter).
  • Putting stress on the wrong syllable.
  • Confusing the 'e' sound with 'i'.
  • Not tapping the 'r' at the end.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize due to its similarity to 'hypothèque' or 'mortgage' roots.

쓰기 4/5

Requires remembering the 'qu' spelling change in the preterite.

말하기 4/5

The five syllables and the silent 'h' can be tricky for beginners.

듣기 3/5

Usually clear in context, especially in financial news.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

casa dinero banco pagar pedir

다음에 배울 것

préstamo interés deuda aval escritura

고급

pignorar usura desahucio cláusula suelo dación en pago

알아야 할 문법

Spelling change in -ar verbs

Yo hipotequé (not hipotecé).

Transitive verbs

Hipotecar requiere un objeto directo (la casa, el futuro).

Infinitive as subject

Hipotecar es un riesgo grande.

Preposition 'para' with purpose

Hipotecar para comprar un coche.

Passive voice with 'ser'

La casa fue hipotecada por el banco.

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수준별 예문

1

Yo no quiero hipotecar mi casa.

I do not want to mortgage my house.

Simple present tense with 'querer'.

2

El banco ayuda a hipotecar.

The bank helps to mortgage.

Infinitive after another verb.

3

Ellos hipotecan la casa hoy.

They mortgage the house today.

Present tense, third person plural.

4

Mi padre no quiere hipotecar.

My father does not want to mortgage.

Negative sentence with 'querer'.

5

¿Quieres hipotecar tu casa?

Do you want to mortgage your house?

Question form.

6

Nosotros hipotecamos el piso.

We mortgage the flat.

Present tense, first person plural.

7

Ella hipoteca su tienda.

She mortgages her shop.

Present tense, third person singular.

8

Es difícil hipotecar ahora.

It is difficult to mortgage now.

Impersonal 'es' + adjective + infinitive.

1

Mis abuelos hipotecaron la finca.

My grandparents mortgaged the farm.

Preterite tense, third person plural.

2

Yo hipotequé mi casa en mayo.

I mortgaged my house in May.

Preterite tense, first person singular (note the 'qu').

3

No hipoteques tu futuro así.

Don't mortgage your future like that.

Negative imperative (informal).

4

El banco decidió no hipotecar el local.

The bank decided not to mortgage the premises.

Infinitive after 'decidir'.

5

Mañana vamos a hipotecar el terreno.

Tomorrow we are going to mortgage the land.

Future with 'ir a'.

6

¿Por qué hipotecaste el coche?

Why did you mortgage the car?

Preterite tense, second person singular.

7

Ella está hipotecando su vida laboral.

She is mortgaging her work life.

Present progressive.

8

Si hipotecas la casa, tendrás dinero.

If you mortgage the house, you will have money.

First conditional.

1

Es posible que tengan que hipotecar la empresa.

It is possible that they might have to mortgage the company.

Present subjunctive after 'es posible que'.

2

Hipotecar una propiedad es una decisión seria.

Mortgaging a property is a serious decision.

Infinitive used as a noun/subject.

3

Si yo fuera tú, no hipotecaría la casa.

If I were you, I wouldn't mortgage the house.

Conditional tense in a 'si' clause.

4

Han hipotecado el edificio para pagar la reforma.

They have mortgaged the building to pay for the renovation.

Present perfect tense.

5

Me da miedo hipotecar mi libertad financiera.

I'm afraid of mortgaging my financial freedom.

Infinitive after an expression of feeling.

6

El gobierno no debería hipotecar el medio ambiente.

The government shouldn't mortgage the environment.

Conditional with 'deber'.

7

Cuando hipotequé el piso, los intereses eran bajos.

When I mortgaged the flat, interest rates were low.

Preterite with a temporal clause.

8

No hipoteques tu salud por el éxito.

Don't mortgage your health for success.

Negative imperative.

1

La crisis obligó a muchas familias a hipotecar sus bienes.

The crisis forced many families to mortgage their assets.

Preterite with 'obligar a' + infinitive.

2

Hipotecar el futuro del país es una irresponsabilidad política.

Mortgaging the country's future is political irresponsibility.

Gerund-like use of infinitive as subject.

3

Aunque hipotequen la oficina, no será suficiente.

Even if they mortgage the office, it won't be enough.

Present subjunctive with 'aunque' for future possibility.

4

Se arrepintió de haber hipotecado su herencia.

He regretted having mortgaged his inheritance.

Perfect infinitive after 'arrepentirse de'.

5

El banco exige tasar la vivienda antes de hipotecar.

The bank requires appraising the dwelling before mortgaging.

Infinitive after 'antes de'.

6

Hipotecaríais vuestra alma si eso os diera fama.

You all would mortgage your soul if that gave you fame.

Conditional tense, second person plural.

7

La propiedad fue hipotecada sin el consentimiento del dueño.

The property was mortgaged without the owner's consent.

Passive voice with 'ser'.

8

Nadie quiere hipotecar su bienestar por un capricho.

Nobody wants to mortgage their well-being for a whim.

Negative subject with 'querer'.

1

Hipotecar la soberanía nacional es un precio demasiado alto.

Mortgaging national sovereignty is too high a price.

Abstract usage in a formal statement.

2

No podemos permitir que se hipoteque el legado de nuestros ancestros.

We cannot allow the legacy of our ancestors to be mortgaged.

Passive 'se' with subjunctive after 'permitir que'.

3

La empresa se vio en la tesitura de hipotecar sus patentes.

The company found itself in the position of mortgaging its patents.

Formal expression 'verse en la tesitura de'.

4

Resulta paradójico hipotecar la paz para financiar una guerra.

It is paradoxical to mortgage peace to finance a war.

Impersonal 'resulta' + adjective.

5

Hipotecaron sus principios en aras de un crecimiento rápido.

They mortgaged their principles for the sake of rapid growth.

Formal expression 'en aras de'.

6

Apenas habían hipotecado el local cuando estalló la huelga.

They had barely mortgaged the premises when the strike broke out.

Pluperfect tense with 'apenas'.

7

Es imperativo no hipotecar los recursos hídricos de la región.

It is imperative not to mortgage the region's water resources.

Formal 'es imperativo' + infinitive.

8

Su ambición le llevó a hipotecar hasta su propia dignidad.

His ambition led him to mortgage even his own dignity.

Metaphorical usage with 'llevar a'.

1

La praxis neoliberal tiende a hipotecar lo público frente a lo privado.

Neoliberal praxis tends to mortgage the public sector in favor of the private.

Academic/Sociological register.

2

Se corre el riesgo de hipotecar la ontología misma del ser humano.

One runs the risk of mortgaging the very ontology of the human being.

Philosophical usage.

3

Hipotecar el devenir histórico por una estabilidad ilusoria es un error.

Mortgaging the historical future for an illusory stability is a mistake.

Complex literary structure.

4

El tratado podría hipotecar la autonomía legislativa del parlamento.

The treaty could mortgage the legislative autonomy of the parliament.

Legal/Political speculation with 'podría'.

5

No es sino una forma de hipotecar la verdad en favor del dogma.

It is nothing but a way of mortgaging the truth in favor of dogma.

Rhetorical structure 'no es sino'.

6

La dialéctica del poder suele hipotecar la ética a la eficacia.

The dialectic of power usually mortgages ethics to efficiency.

High-level academic discourse.

7

Hipotecar el capital intelectual de una nación es su ruina segura.

Mortgaging a nation's intellectual capital is its certain ruin.

Strong assertive statement.

8

Al hipotecar su silencio, se convirtió en cómplice del sistema.

By mortgaging his silence, he became an accomplice of the system.

Preposition 'al' + infinitive for cause/time.

자주 쓰는 조합

hipotecar la casa
hipotecar el futuro
hipotecar bienes
hipotecar inmuebles
hipotecar por completo
hipotecar la salud
hipotecar la libertad
hipotecar el terreno
hipotecar la finca
hipotecar sin pensar

자주 쓰는 구문

estar hipotecado hasta las cejas

— To be very heavily in debt. It literally means 'mortgaged up to the eyebrows'.

Juan está hipotecado hasta las cejas con su nuevo coche y la casa.

hipotecar la vida

— To dedicate one's entire life or effort to something, often with a negative outcome. It implies losing one's freedom.

No hipoteques tu vida a una empresa que no te valora.

pedir una hipoteca

— To apply for a mortgage loan at a bank. This is the noun form used with a verb.

Fuimos al banco a pedir una hipoteca para el piso.

cancelar la hipoteca

— To finish paying off the mortgage loan. This is the goal of most homeowners.

Por fin pudimos cancelar la hipoteca después de veinte años.

subrogación de hipoteca

— The act of switching a mortgage to a different bank or changing the debtor. A common financial move.

Hicimos una subrogación de hipoteca para conseguir mejores intereses.

hipoteca fija

— A fixed-rate mortgage where the interest stays the same. A popular choice for stability.

Prefiero una hipoteca fija para evitar sorpresas.

hipoteca variable

— A variable-rate mortgage where the interest changes with the market. Often linked to the Euribor.

La hipoteca variable subió mucho este mes.

ejecutar la hipoteca

— When the bank takes the house because the owner didn't pay. A very serious legal action.

El banco amenazó con ejecutar la hipoteca si no pagaban.

cuota de la hipoteca

— The monthly payment for the mortgage. A major part of many people's budgets.

La cuota de la hipoteca es la mitad de mi sueldo.

escritura de hipoteca

— The legal document signed before a notary that formalizes the mortgage. It is a vital official paper.

Tengo que buscar la escritura de hipoteca para la declaración de impuestos.

자주 혼동되는 단어

hipotecar vs empeñar

Confusing real estate (hipotecar) with personal items (empeñar).

hipotecar vs alquilar

Some learners confuse renting with mortgaging.

hipotecar vs hipotecario

Confusing the verb with the adjective.

관용어 및 표현

"hipotecar el alma"

— To do anything, even something immoral, to achieve a goal. Similar to 'selling your soul'.

Hipotecó su alma al diablo por conseguir ese puesto.

informal/dramatic
"vivir hipotecado"

— To live with constant financial stress or limited freedom due to debt.

Mucha gente vive hipotecada solo para aparentar riqueza.

neutral
"hipotecar la palabra"

— To make a promise that puts your reputation at risk. A serious commitment.

No hipoteques tu palabra si no estás seguro de cumplir.

literary
"hipotecar el futuro por un plato de lentejas"

— To sacrifice something very valuable (the future) for something small and immediate. Based on a biblical reference.

Vender las acciones ahora es hipotecar el futuro por un plato de lentejas.

literary
"tener la casa hipotecada"

— To have a mortgage on one's home. Very common statement of fact.

Casi todos mis amigos tienen la casa hipotecada.

neutral
"hipotecar el silencio"

— To be forced into silence because of an obligation or debt.

Su silencio está hipotecado por los favores que recibió.

literary
"hipotecar la paz"

— To lose one's tranquility due to financial or personal burdens.

No vale la pena hipotecar la paz por una casa tan grande.

neutral
"hipotecar la honra"

— To risk one's honor or reputation.

Nunca hipoteques tu honra por dinero fácil.

formal/old-fashioned
"hipotecar el tiempo"

— To commit all of one's time to a specific task or debt.

Hipotecó su tiempo libre para terminar el proyecto.

neutral
"hipotecar los sueños"

— To give up on one's dreams to pay for practical necessities or debts.

A veces hay que hipotecar los sueños para pagar las facturas.

poetic

혼동하기 쉬운

hipotecar vs hipoteca

Noun vs Verb.

'Hipoteca' is the loan itself, 'hipotecar' is the action of setting it up.

Tengo una hipoteca (noun). Voy a hipotecar mi casa (verb).

hipotecar vs avalar

Both involve guarantees.

Avalar is a personal guarantee for someone else; hipotecar uses your own property.

Avalé a mi hermano, pero hipotequé mi propia casa.

hipotecar vs gravar

Both are legal terms.

Gravar is more general (any lien/tax); hipotecar is specific to mortgages.

El estado puede gravar la tierra, pero el banco la hipoteca.

hipotecar vs pignorar

Both involve pledging assets.

Pignorar is for movable assets (stocks, jewelry) in a formal way.

Pignoró sus acciones en lugar de hipotecar la casa.

hipotecar vs comprometer

Used in metaphorical contexts.

Comprometer is broader; hipotecar implies a specifically long-term burden.

Comprometió su tiempo, pero hipotecó su futuro.

문장 패턴

A1

Sujeto + hipotecar + objeto.

Juan hipoteca la casa.

A2

Sujeto + ir a + hipotecar + objeto.

Nosotros vamos a hipotecar el local.

B1

Sujeto + tener que + hipotecar + objeto.

Ellos tienen que hipotecar su futuro.

B1

No + hipotecar + objeto + por + razón.

No hipoteques tu salud por el dinero.

B2

Sujeto + decidir + hipotecar + objeto + para + infinitivo.

Decidieron hipotecar la finca para viajar.

C1

Hipotecar + objeto + supone + consecuencia.

Hipotecar la soberanía supone un gran riesgo.

C1

Al + hipotecar + objeto, + sujeto + verbo.

Al hipotecar su casa, se sintió atrapado.

C2

Sujeto + no es sino + una forma de + hipotecar + objeto.

Esto no es sino una forma de hipotecar la ética.

어휘 가족

명사

la hipoteca (mortgage)
el hipotecante (mortgagor)
el hipotecado (the person whose property is mortgaged)

동사

hipotecar (to mortgage)

형용사

hipotecario (related to mortgages)
hipotecado (mortgaged)
hipotecable (that can be mortgaged)

관련

el préstamo
el aval
la deuda
el crédito
el inmueble
무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

사용법

frequency

High in adult conversations and media.

자주 하는 실수
  • Hipotecé mi casa. → Hipotequé mi casa.

    The preterite first person requires 'qu' to maintain the sound.

  • Voy a hipotecar mi anillo. → Voy a empeñar mi anillo.

    You cannot mortgage a ring; you pawn it.

  • El banco hipotecó a Juan. → Juan hipotecó su casa al banco.

    The person mortgages the asset, not the other way around.

  • Hipotecar dinero. → Hipotecar la casa para obtener dinero.

    You mortgage property, not the currency itself.

  • Estoy hipotecado con mi coche. → Estoy pagando mi coche a plazos.

    Usually, 'hipotecado' refers to a home. For a car, it's just a loan.

팁

Watch the 'qu'

In the preterite 'yo' form, the 'c' changes to 'qu' to keep the hard 'k' sound: hipotequé.

Real Estate Only

Use 'hipotecar' only for things that don't move, like houses and land. For jewelry, use 'empeñar'.

Metaphorical Power

Use 'hipotecar el futuro' to sound more advanced and dramatic in discussions about life choices.

Silent H

Never pronounce the 'H'. It sounds exactly like 'ipotecar'.

Economic Context

Understanding this word helps you understand Spanish news about the economy, which is a big topic in Spain.

Formal Documents

In very formal documents, you might see 'constituir hipoteca' instead of the verb 'hipotecar'.

Five Syllables

Break it down: i-po-te-car. Practice saying it slowly first.

Hippo-Tech

Imagine a Hippo using high-Tech to buy a house. Hippo-Tech-ar.

Business Use

Businesses often 'hipotecan' their offices to get cash for expansion.

Spelling Check

Make sure you don't write 'hipotezar' (with a z). It's always with 'c' or 'qu'.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Hippo' (hipo) taking a 'Tech' (tec) loan for his 'Car' (ar). Hipotecar!

시각적 연상

Imagine a giant house with a heavy chain around it, and the chain is held by a big bank building.

Word Web

casa banco dinero deuda interés firma notario riesgo

챌린지

Try to write three sentences using 'hipotecar': one about a house, one about a business, and one about the future.

어원

From the Latin 'hypotheca', which comes from the Greek 'hypotheke'.

원래 의미: A pledge or a deposit given as security.

Indo-European (Greek -> Latin -> Spanish).

문화적 맥락

Be careful when discussing this topic with people who might have lost their homes or are in debt, as it can be a painful subject.

The concept is identical to the English 'mortgage', but the Spanish word is used more frequently in figurative speech.

The movie 'La estrategia del caracol' deals with housing and debt. Many songs by Joaquín Sabina mention urban life and financial struggles. The 'Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca' (PAH) is a famous activist group in Spain.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Buying a home

  • ¿Cuánto cuesta hipotecar?
  • Quiero hipotecar mi piso.
  • No puedo hipotecar más.
  • El banco no me deja hipotecar.

Starting a business

  • Hipotecar para invertir.
  • Hipotecar el local.
  • Es un riesgo hipotecar.
  • Tuvimos que hipotecar todo.

Giving advice

  • No hipoteques tu futuro.
  • Piénsalo antes de hipotecar.
  • Es mejor no hipotecar.
  • Cuidado al hipotecar.

Financial crisis

  • La burbuja hipotecaria.
  • No pueden pagar la hipoteca.
  • Hipotecar fue un error.
  • Mucha gente hipotecó sus vidas.

Legal discussions

  • Derecho de hipotecar.
  • Prohibido hipotecar sin permiso.
  • El contrato para hipotecar.
  • Gastos de hipotecar.

대화 시작하기

"¿Crees que es un buen momento para hipotecar una casa en este país?"

"¿Alguna vez has tenido que hipotecar algo valioso para ti?"

"¿Qué opinas de la gente que decide hipotecar su futuro por un lujo?"

"¿Es difícil hipotecar una propiedad en tu ciudad natal?"

"¿Preferirías alquilar o hipotecar tu propia vivienda?"

일기 주제

Escribe sobre una situación imaginaria en la que tienes que decidir si hipotecar tu casa para salvar un negocio.

Reflexiona sobre la frase 'hipotecar el futuro'. ¿Qué significa para ti en tu vida personal?

Describe el proceso de ir al banco a hipotecar una propiedad por primera vez.

Imagina que eres un consejero financiero. Escribe consejos para alguien que quiere hipotecar sus bienes.

¿Cómo ha afectado la cultura de hipotecar a la sociedad moderna en tu opinión?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

En términos estrictos, no. Los coches se 'financian' o se pueden 'empeñar' o 'pignorar', pero 'hipotecar' se reserva para bienes inmuebles como casas o terrenos.

Hipotecar es un tipo específico de préstamo donde pones tu casa como garantía. Un préstamo personal no requiere hipotecar nada.

No necesariamente, pero a menudo implica un riesgo o una carga pesada, por lo que suele tener una connotación de seriedad o preocupación.

Se dice 'hipotecó' (él/ella) o 'hipotequé' (yo). Recuerda el cambio de 'c' a 'qu' en la primera persona.

Sí, es una expresión metafórica muy común para decir que estás tomando decisiones hoy que te causarán problemas o deudas mañana.

El dueño es quien hipoteca la propiedad a favor del banco. El banco es el beneficiario de la hipoteca.

Sí, es el término estándar en todo el mundo de habla hispana para este concepto financiero y legal.

El banco puede iniciar un proceso de 'desahucio' o 'ejecución hipotecaria' para quedarse con la propiedad y venderla.

No, legalmente solo el propietario legítimo (o alguien con un poder legal) puede hipotecar un bien inmueble.

Sí, es un verbo regular terminado en -ar, con la única excepción ortográfica en el pretérito 'yo' (hipotequé).

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기

셀프 테스트 180 질문

writing

Escribe una oración usando 'hipotecar' en presente.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una oración sobre el futuro usando 'hipotecar'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Explica por qué alguien decidiría hipotecar su casa.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotequé' en una frase sobre el pasado.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe un consejo para un amigo que quiere hipotecar su vida laboral.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Describe el papel del banco al hipotecar.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa la palabra 'hipotecario' en una oración.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase dramática usando 'hipotecar el alma'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Traduce: 'We shouldn't mortgage our children's future'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una oración con 'hipotecar' en subjuntivo.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una pregunta sobre hipotecar.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecado' como adjetivo.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Define 'hipotecar' con tus propias palabras.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe sobre un riesgo de hipotecar.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecamos' en una frase familiar.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase sobre política y 'hipotecar'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecar' en una frase condicional.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase con 'hipotecar' y 'notario'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecar' en un contexto de salud.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase corta de advertencia.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Pronuncia 'hipotecar' lentamente.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Di: 'Yo hipotequé mi casa'.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Explica en voz alta qué es una hipoteca.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Di: 'No hipoteques tu futuro'.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Pronuncia 'préstamo hipotecario'.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Di tres cosas que se pueden hipotecar.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Usa 'hipotecar' en una frase de consejo.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Di: 'El banco hipotecó el edificio'.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Explica la metáfora 'hipotecar el alma'.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Di: 'Estamos hipotecados hasta las cejas'.

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening

¿Qué palabra escuchas: hipoteca o hipotecar?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening

¿El hablante dice 'hipotecó' o 'hipoteca'?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening

Escucha la frase: 'No quiero hipotecar mi vida'. ¿Qué no quiere hacer?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening

¿Escuchas un sonido 'h' al principio?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening

Escucha: 'Hipotequé el piso'. ¿Quién lo hizo?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase sobre hipotecar y el éxito.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecando' en una frase.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase con 'hipotecar' y 'dinero'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecaría' en una frase.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe: 'I mortgaged my future'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Usa 'hipotecaste' en una pregunta.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Escribe una frase final con 'hipotecar'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

무료 가입하고 연습하기

관련 콘텐츠

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hipotecar 葡萄牙语
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