A2 pronoun 6분 분량

همه کس

hameh kas

When you want to talk about 'everybody' or 'all people' in Persian, you can use همه کس (hame kas).

It's a useful phrase for when you want to include everyone in a statement.

For example, if you want to say 'Everybody knows,' you would say همه کس می‌دانند (hame kas mīdānand).

Remember, it literally translates to 'all person,' but it means 'everybody.'

When using the phrase همه کس (hame kas) in Persian, it's important to understand its nuances. While it directly translates to 'everybody' or 'all people,' it often implies a sense of universality or inclusivity, similar to how we might use 'everyone' in English when making a general statement.

It's commonly used in more formal or literary contexts to emphasize that something applies to or affects all individuals without exception. For example, you might encounter it in proverbs, philosophical discussions, or when discussing universal truths.

Keep in mind that in everyday, casual conversation, you might hear other phrases like همه (hame) or همه مردم (hame mardom) used more frequently to mean 'everyone.'

However, همه کس (hame kas) adds a touch of formality and breadth, making it a valuable phrase for expressing comprehensive inclusivity in your Persian communication.

When we say همه کس (hame kas), we are referring to every single person or everybody. This phrase functions as a pronoun in Persian, similar to how "everybody" works in English. You might use it in a sentence like, "همه کس در مهمانی حضور داشت" (hame kas dar mehmāni hozur dāsht), meaning "Everybody was present at the party." It's a straightforward way to collectively refer to all individuals within a given context. Understanding this term helps you express inclusivity and universality in your Persian conversations.

همه کس 30초 만에

  • همه کس (hame kas) means everybody or all people.
  • It's a common pronoun used to refer to all individuals.
  • Similar to 'everyone' in English.

§ What does «همه کس» mean?

Let's get straight to it. The Persian phrase «همه کس» (pronounced hame kas) is a straightforward way to say 'everybody' or 'all people'. It's a pronoun, which means it stands in for people or things.

DEFINITION
Everybody; all people.

Think of it as a collective term, similar to how you use 'everyone' or 'everybody' in English. It refers to an unspecified group of people, generally implying all individuals within a given context.

§ When do people use «همه کس»?

You'll hear and use «همه کس» in everyday conversations. It's common, versatile, and fits into many situations. Here are some typical scenarios:

  • General statements: When you want to talk about what everyone generally does, thinks, or believes.
  • Excluding no one: To emphasize that a certain situation or action applies to literally every single person.
  • Informal contexts: While it's perfectly acceptable in formal settings, it's very natural in casual chats.

Let's look at some practical examples to solidify your understanding. Remember to pay attention to how «همه کس» functions in the sentence, just like 'everybody' would in English.

این موضوع را همه کس می‌دانند.

This sentence means: Everybody knows this topic. (Literally: This topic [object marker] everybody knows.)

همه کس باید قوانین را رعایت کند.

Here, it translates to: Everybody must follow the rules. (Literally: Everybody must rules [object marker] follow.)

او برای همه کس احترام قائل است.

This one means: He respects everybody. (Literally: He for everybody respect is.)

Notice how «همه کس» acts as the subject or object, just like 'everybody' would. It doesn't change its form based on gender or number, which is a relief for English speakers learning Persian!

Mastering «همه کس» will significantly boost your ability to express general truths and make inclusive statements in Persian. It’s a foundational piece of vocabulary that you'll encounter constantly. Keep practicing these examples, and try to create your own sentences using «همه کس» to make it stick!

§ What 'Hamekas' Means

The Persian word "همه کس" (hamekas) is a pronoun that means "everybody" or "all people." It's a common and very useful word for everyday conversations. It's classified as A2 level, so it's one of the first collective pronouns you'll likely learn.

Persian Word
همه کس
Pronunciation
Hamekas
Type
Pronoun
Meaning
Everybody; all people

§ Basic Usage

You can use "همه کس" directly in sentences just like you would use "everybody" in English. It often acts as the subject of a sentence.

همه کس می‌دانند.

English Hint
Everybody knows.

این برای همه کس خوب است.

English Hint
This is good for everybody.

§ 'Hamekas' with Prepositions

You'll often find "همه کس" used with prepositions. Here are some common ones:

  • برای (barā-ye) - for: When something is for everybody.
  • این یک فرصت خوب برای همه کس است.

    English Hint
    This is a good opportunity for everybody.
  • از (az) - from/by: To indicate the source or agent.
  • این خبر از همه کس پنهان نیست.

    English Hint
    This news is not hidden from everybody.
  • با (bā) - with: When something is done with everybody.
  • او با همه کس مهربان است.

    English Hint
    He is kind to everybody.

§ 'Hamekas' as an Object

"همه کس" can also function as the object of a verb. In these cases, you might see the direct object marker "را" (rā) used, though it's not always mandatory in informal speech.

او همه کس را دعوت کرد.

English Hint
He invited everybody.

§ Common Phrases with 'Hamekas'

Here are a few more examples to help you get comfortable with "همه کس" in different contexts:

موفقیت برای همه کس ممکن است.

English Hint
Success is possible for everybody.

او همه کس را دوست دارد.

English Hint
He loves everybody.

همه کس می‌خواهند شاد باشند.

English Hint
Everybody wants to be happy.

§ Don't Confuse 'همه کس' with 'همه چیز'

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is using 'همه کس' (hame kas) when they actually mean 'همه چیز' (hame chiz). Remember, 'همه کس' means 'everybody' or 'all people', referring specifically to individuals. On the other hand, 'همه چیز' means 'everything' or 'all things', referring to objects or concepts. It's an easy mix-up, but understanding the distinction is crucial for clear communication.

DEFINITION
همه کس (hame kas): Everybody; all people.
DEFINITION
همه چیز (hame chiz): Everything; all things.

Let's look at some examples to clarify this:

در جشن تولد، همه کس خوشحال بود. (Dar jashn-e tavallod, hame kas khoshhāl bud.)

Here, we're talking about people at a birthday party. So, 'everybody' (همه کس) is correct. (Hint: In the birthday party, everybody was happy.)

او همه چیز را می‌دانست. (U hame chiz rā midānest.)

In this sentence, we're referring to knowledge, which is a concept. So, 'everything' (همه چیز) is the right choice. (Hint: He knew everything.)

§ Using 'همه کس' with the Plural Verb

Another common error is using 'همه کس' with a plural verb, when in Persian, it generally takes a singular verb. Even though 'همه کس' implies multiple people, grammatically it functions as a singular subject. This is a point where English and Persian grammar differ significantly, so pay close attention.

Let's compare correct and incorrect usages:

  • Incorrect:

    همه کس آمدند. (Hame kas āmadand.)

    This translates to "Everybody came," but the verb "آمدند" (they came) is plural, which is grammatically incorrect in Persian when used with 'همه کس'.

  • Correct:

    همه کس آمد. (Hame kas āmad.)

    Here, the verb "آمد" (he/she/it came) is singular, which is the correct form to use with 'همه کس'. (Hint: Everybody came.)

§ Overusing 'همه کس' or using it in awkward constructions

While 'همه کس' is a useful phrase, sometimes learners overuse it or try to force it into sentence structures where more natural alternatives exist. Persian, like any language, has different ways to express similar ideas, and 'همه کس' isn't always the most elegant or common choice in every context. For instance, sometimes a simple plural noun with 'همه' (hame - all) can be more natural.

در جلسه، همه کس حضور داشت. (Dar jalse, hame kas hozur dāsht.)

This sentence is grammatically correct, but you could also say:

همه حاضران در جلسه بودند. (Hame hāzerān dar jalse budand.)

Both sentences convey similar meanings (Everybody was present at the meeting), but the second one might sound more natural to a native speaker in certain contexts, depending on the emphasis. (Hint: All attendees were at the meeting.)

By being mindful of these common pitfalls – distinguishing between people and things, using the correct verb conjugation, and recognizing when an alternative phrasing might be more natural – you'll significantly improve your accuracy and fluency with 'همه کس' in Persian. Keep practicing, and don't be discouraged by mistakes; they're part of the learning process!

재미있는 사실

The word 'همه' (hameh) means 'all' or 'every', and 'کس' (kas) means 'person' or 'one'. Combined, they literally mean 'every person'.

수준별 예문

1

همه کس او را دوست دارند.

Everybody loves him/her.

2

آیا همه کس آماده‌اند؟

Is everybody ready?

3

همه کس می‌توانند بیایند.

Everybody can come.

4

او به همه کس کمک می‌کند.

He/she helps everybody.

5

آیا همه کس می‌دانند؟

Does everybody know?

6

این برای همه کس نیست.

This is not for everybody.

7

همه کس باید امتحان بدهند.

Everybody must take the exam.

8

او از همه کس تشکر کرد.

He/she thanked everybody.

1

همه کس انتظار داشت که او در انتخابات پیروز شود.

Everybody expected him to win the election.

2

به نظر می‌رسید همه کس از این خبر هیجان‌زده است.

It seemed everybody was excited about this news.

3

در یک جامعه دموکراتیک، رای همه کس اهمیت دارد.

In a democratic society, everybody's vote matters.

4

همه کس می‌داند که تلاش برای موفقیت ضروری است.

Everybody knows that effort is essential for success.

5

در این شرایط بحرانی، همه کس باید همکاری کند.

In these critical conditions, everybody must cooperate.

6

تصمیم او بر زندگی همه کس در شهر تاثیر گذاشت.

His decision affected everybody's life in the city.

7

با وجود مشکلات، همه کس امیدوار به آینده بود.

Despite the problems, everybody was hopeful for the future.

8

این وظیفه همه کس است که از محیط زیست محافظت کند.

It is everybody's duty to protect the environment.

1

همه کس او را به عنوان یک رهبر کاریزماتیک می‌شناختند و برای سخنرانی‌هایش صف می‌بستند.

Everybody knew him as a charismatic leader and queued for his speeches.

2

علیرغم تلاش‌های فراوان، همه کس نتوانستند به توافق نهایی بر سر این مسئله پیچیده دست یابند.

Despite great efforts, everybody could not reach a final agreement on this complex issue.

3

خبر پیروزی تیم ملی فوتبال چنان شور و هیجانی آفرید که گویی همه کس در جشن ملی سهیم بودند.

The news of the national football team's victory created such excitement that it was as if everybody participated in the national celebration.

4

در یک جامعه دموکراتیک، انتظار می‌رود که همه کس از حقوق و آزادی‌های برابر برخوردار باشند.

In a democratic society, it is expected that everybody enjoys equal rights and freedoms.

5

پس از اعلام نتایج کنکور، همه کس در تب و تاب انتخاب رشته مناسب برای آینده خود بودند.

After the announcement of university entrance exam results, everybody was in a fever of choosing a suitable major for their future.

6

با وجود تفاوت‌های فرهنگی، همه کس در این گروه کاری به خوبی با یکدیگر همکاری می‌کنند.

Despite cultural differences, everybody in this work group collaborates well with each other.

7

انتظارات از او به قدری بالا بود که گویی همه کس از او توقع معجزه داشتند.

Expectations from him were so high that it was as if everybody expected a miracle from him.

8

در شرایط بحرانی، همبستگی و همدلی همه کس برای عبور از مشکلات ضروری است.

In critical situations, the solidarity and empathy of everybody are essential to overcome problems.

자주 쓰는 조합

همه کس و همه جا everybody and everywhere
همه کس و همه چیز everyone and everything
همه کس می‌دانند everybody knows
برای همه کس for everybody
به همه کس to everybody
مثل همه کس like everybody
با همه کس with everybody
همه کس جز من everybody but me
تقریباً همه کس almost everybody
همین همه کس just everybody

자주 쓰는 구문

همه کس او را دوست دارند.

Everybody likes him/her.

همه کس به او کمک کردند.

Everybody helped him/her.

همه کس در مهمانی حضور داشتند.

Everybody was present at the party.

این را همه کس می‌دانند.

Everybody knows this.

او با همه کس مهربان است.

He/She is kind to everybody.

این برای همه کس خوب نیست.

This is not good for everybody.

چرا همه کس اینقدر خوشحال هستند؟

Why is everybody so happy?

همه کس می‌خواهند موفق شوند.

Everybody wants to succeed.

همه کس می‌توانند یاد بگیرند.

Everybody can learn.

این کار را همه کس می‌توانند انجام دهند.

Everybody can do this work.

문법 패턴

Pronoun usage (subject) Agreement with singular verb (despite plural meaning) Can be used with modal verbs (باید, می‌تواند) Can be used with prepositions (برای, به) Can be followed by relative clauses (که) Can be emphasized with 'حتی' (even)

문장 패턴

A1

همه کس + است/هست

همه کس خوشحال است. (Everybody is happy.)

A1

همه کس + فعل

همه کس می‌خندد. (Everybody laughs.)

A2

همه کس + باید + فعل

همه کس باید بداند. (Everybody should know.)

A2

همه کس + می‌تواند + فعل

همه کس می‌تواند کمک کند. (Everybody can help.)

A2

همه کس + برای + اسم

همه کس برای مهمانی آماده است. (Everybody is ready for the party.)

A2

همه کس + به + اسم

همه کس به او گوش می‌دهد. (Everybody listens to him/her.)

B1

همه کس + که + جمله

همه کس که او را می‌شناسد، دوستش دارد. (Everybody who knows him/her loves him/her.)

B1

همه کس + حتی + اسم/ضمیر

همه کس حتی بچه ها می‌دانند. (Everybody, even the children, know.)

어휘 가족

명사

همه all, everyone
کس person, someone

어원

Middle Persian

원래 의미: All people; everybody

Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian > Western Iranian > Persian

문화적 맥락

The phrase "همه کس" is very commonly used in everyday Persian conversation. It’s a straightforward way to refer to all people in a general sense, and you’ll hear it in many different contexts, from casual chats to more formal discussions. There isn't any deep cultural symbolism attached to this specific phrase; it simply means 'everybody'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Talking about general opinions or beliefs.

  • همه کس می داند که... (Everybody knows that...)
  • همه کس فکر می کند که... (Everybody thinks that...)
  • همه کس می گوید که... (Everybody says that...)

Describing a situation where everyone is involved or affected.

  • این برای همه کس خوب است. (This is good for everybody.)
  • همه کس باید کمک کند. (Everybody should help.)
  • همه کس خوشحال بود. (Everybody was happy.)

Discussing something that is available to or concerns all people.

  • این قانون برای همه کس است. (This rule is for everybody.)
  • این مشکل برای همه کس مهم است. (This problem is important for everybody.)
  • این فرصت برای همه کس نیست. (This opportunity is not for everybody.)

Expressing a common experience or observation.

  • همه کس اشتباه می کند. (Everybody makes mistakes.)
  • همه کس نیاز به استراحت دارد. (Everybody needs rest.)
  • همه کس می خواهد موفق شود. (Everybody wants to succeed.)

Referring to a group of people without specifying individuals.

  • همه کس به جلسه آمد. (Everybody came to the meeting.)
  • او به همه کس سلام کرد. (He/She greeted everybody.)
  • همه کس منتظر بود. (Everybody was waiting.)

대화 시작하기

"به نظر شما همه کس باید چه چیزی را بداند؟ (In your opinion, what should everybody know?)"

"آیا در کشور شما، همه کس به آموزش خوب دسترسی دارد؟ (In your country, does everybody have access to good education?)"

"چه چیزی باعث می شود که همه کس خوشحال شود؟ (What makes everybody happy?)"

"آیا فکر می کنید همه کس فرصت های برابری دارد؟ (Do you think everybody has equal opportunities?)"

"در یک گروه، چگونه مطمئن می شوید که همه کس احساس مشارکت می کند؟ (In a group, how do you make sure everybody feels involved?)"

일기 주제

درباره زمانی بنویسید که احساس کردید همه کس در یک موضوع خاص با شما موافق است. (Write about a time you felt everybody agreed with you on a particular topic.)

فکر می کنید در زندگی، همه کس به چه چیزی نیاز دارد؟ (What do you think everybody needs in life?)

تصور کنید که شما می توانید یک قانون برای همه کس در جهان ایجاد کنید. آن قانون چه خواهد بود؟ (Imagine you could create one rule for everybody in the world. What would that rule be?)

چگونه می توانیم مطمئن شویم که همه کس در جامعه ما احساس امنیت می کند؟ (How can we ensure that everybody in our society feels safe?)

درباره یک تجربه که به شما نشان داد 'همه کس' متفاوت فکر می کند، بنویسید. (Write about an experience that showed you 'everybody' thinks differently.)

셀프 테스트 102 질문

fill blank A1

___ آمدند به جشن. (Everybody came to the party.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

'همه کس' means 'everybody' and fits the context of people coming to a party.

fill blank A1

او با ___ صحبت کرد. (He spoke with everybody.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

'همه کس' is the correct term for 'everybody' in this sentence.

fill blank A1

___ باید این قانون را رعایت کند. (Everybody must follow this rule.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

To say 'everybody' in Persian, use 'همه کس'.

fill blank A1

___ می دانند که او خوب است. (Everybody knows that he is good.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The context requires 'everybody', which is 'همه کس' in Persian.

fill blank A1

آنها به ___ کمک کردند. (They helped everybody.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

To complete the sentence correctly, 'همه کس' (everybody) is needed.

fill blank A1

او برای ___ غذا پخت. (She cooked food for everybody.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

'همه کس' means 'everybody' and is appropriate here.

multiple choice A1

Which word means "everybody"?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

«همه کس» (hame kas) means 'everybody' or 'all people'.

multiple choice A1

If you want to say 'Everybody is here,' which Persian phrase would you use for 'Everybody'?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

«همه کس» (hame kas) is the correct term for 'everybody'.

multiple choice A1

Choose the correct translation for 'Everybody likes this book.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس این کتاب را دوست دارد.

«همه کس» (hame kas) translates to 'everybody'. The sentence means 'Everybody likes this book.'

true false A1

The word «همه کس» (hame kas) means 'nobody'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

«همه کس» (hame kas) means 'everybody' or 'all people', not 'nobody'.

true false A1

You can use «همه کس» (hame kas) to refer to a single person.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

«همه کس» (hame kas) refers to 'everybody' or 'all people', which is plural, not a single person.

true false A1

The phrase «همه کس آمد» (hame kas amad) means 'Everybody came.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

«همه کس» (hame kas) means 'everybody', and «آمد» (amad) means 'came'. So the phrase means 'Everybody came.'

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس او را دوست دارند.

The correct order is 'Everybody him/her loves.' which translates to 'Everybody loves him/her.'

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس به مهمانی آمدند.

The correct order is 'Everybody to the party came.' which translates to 'Everybody came to the party.'

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: او همه کس را به کمک دعوت کرد.

The correct order is 'He/she everybody to help invited.' which translates to 'He/she invited everybody to help.'

fill blank B1

امروز ___ به جشن تولد آمدند. (Today ___ came to the birthday party.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The sentence indicates that all people came to the party, so 'همه کس' (everybody) is the correct choice.

fill blank B1

او فکر می‌کرد ___ او را دوست دارند. (He thought ___ loved him.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The context implies a general love for him, making 'همه کس' (everybody) the appropriate word.

fill blank B1

در این شهر کوچک، ___ همدیگر را می‌شناسند. (In this small town, ___ know each other.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

In a small town, it's common for everyone to know each other. 'همه کس' (everybody) fits here.

fill blank B1

وقتی برق قطع شد، ___ از تاریکی ترسیدند. (When the power went out, ___ were scared of the dark.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

'همه کس' (everybody) suggests a universal reaction to the power outage.

fill blank B1

برای موفقیت در این پروژه، کمک ___ لازم است. (For success in this project, help from ___ is necessary.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

To achieve success in a project, it often requires the collective effort of 'همه کس' (everybody).

fill blank B1

در جشن عروسی، ___ خوشحال بودند و می‌رقصیدند. (At the wedding party, ___ were happy and dancing.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

A wedding is typically a joyous occasion where 'همه کس' (everybody) is happy and participates.

multiple choice B1

Choose the best translation for: 'همه کس می خواهند شاد باشند.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Everybody wants to be happy.

'همه کس' means 'everybody' or 'all people'.

multiple choice B1

Which sentence correctly uses 'همه کس'?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس به مهمانی آمدند.

'همه کس' implies that all people came to the party.

multiple choice B1

Fill in the blank: '____ باید به قوانین احترام بگذارند.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The sentence means 'Everybody must respect the laws', making 'همه کس' the correct choice.

true false B1

The sentence 'همه کس می توانند این کار را انجام دهند' means 'Everybody can do this.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

'همه کس' translates to 'everybody' or 'all people', so the statement is true.

true false B1

'همه کس' can be used interchangeably with 'فقط بعضی افراد'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

'همه کس' means 'everybody', while 'فقط بعضی افراد' means 'only some people'. They are opposites.

true false B1

If you say 'همه کس از او حمایت کردند', it means 'Nobody supported him.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

'همه کس از او حمایت کردند' means 'Everybody supported him'. The statement is false.

listening B1

Listen to the sentence about everyone loving someone.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس او را دوست دارند چون خیلی مهربان است.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening B1

Listen to the sentence about everyone being invited to a party.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس به مهمانی دعوت شده بودند.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening B1

Listen to the sentence about everyone knowing each other in a small town.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: در این شهر کوچک، همه کس یکدیگر را می شناسند.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking B1

Read this aloud:

همه کس می خواهند شاد باشند.

Focus: khāh-and

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking B1

Read this aloud:

آیا همه کس آماده هستند؟

Focus: ā-yā

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking B1

Read this aloud:

همه کس باید به قوانین احترام بگذارند.

Focus: eḥ-ter-ām

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank B2

اگر ___ از این وضعیت ناراضی است، باید کاری کرد. (If ___ is unhappy with this situation, something must be done.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The sentence implies a general dissatisfaction, making 'همه کس' (everybody) the appropriate choice.

fill blank B2

در این جلسه، ___ باید فرصت صحبت داشته باشد. (In this meeting, ___ should have the opportunity to speak.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The context suggests inclusivity, so 'همه کس' (everybody) is the best fit.

fill blank B2

___ می‌دانند که او یک هنرمند بزرگ است. (___ knows that he is a great artist.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

This statement expresses a widely known fact, hence 'همه کس' (everybody) is correct.

fill blank B2

در یک جامعه دموکراتیک، حقوق ___ باید محترم شمرده شود. (In a democratic society, the rights of ___ must be respected.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

Democratic principles uphold the rights of 'همه کس' (all people).

fill blank B2

با تلاش و پشتکار، ___ می‌تواند به رویاهای خود برسد. (With effort and perseverance, ___ can achieve their dreams.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

This is an encouraging statement applicable to 'همه کس' (everybody).

fill blank B2

وقتی خبر منتشر شد، ___ از آن شگفت‌زده شد. (When the news broke, ___ was surprised by it.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The impact of the news was widespread, affecting 'همه کس' (everybody).

multiple choice B2

Choose the sentence where "همه کس" is used correctly to mean 'everybody.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس به دنبال خوشبختی است. (Everybody is looking for happiness.)

In Persian, 'همه کس' refers to 'everybody' or 'all people' in a general sense, not as individual objects of an action. The most natural and grammatically correct usage among the options for 'everybody' as a subject is when referring to a general human pursuit like happiness.

multiple choice B2

Which of these sentences correctly uses "همه کس" in a formal context?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: برای ورود به این مکان، همه کس باید کارت شناسایی داشته باشد. (To enter this place, everybody must have an ID card.)

'همه کس' when used with 'باید' (must) often implies a general rule or requirement that applies to everyone, which fits a formal context well.

multiple choice B2

Select the sentence where "همه کس" is used to express a universal truth or common sentiment.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس از زیبایی طبیعت لذت می‌برد. (Everybody enjoys the beauty of nature.)

This sentence expresses a general human experience or appreciation, which is a common use for 'همه کس' when conveying a universal sentiment.

true false B2

The phrase "همه کس" can be directly followed by a plural verb in Persian.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

Although 'همه کس' means 'everybody' (plural in English concept), in Persian, it is treated as a singular subject and typically takes a singular verb form. For example, 'همه کس می‌رود' (everybody goes), not 'همه کس می‌روند'.

true false B2

It is common to use "همه کس" when referring to a small, specific group of people you know.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

'همه کس' is generally used for a large, undefined group or people in general, not a small, specific group of acquaintances. For a small, specific group, you would use 'همه آنها' (all of them) or list them.

true false B2

In Persian, "همه کس" can sometimes imply 'anyone' in a negative or interrogative context, similar to how 'everybody' can be used in English (e.g., 'Does everybody know?').

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Yes, 'همه کس' can function similarly to 'anyone' in questions or negative statements, implying a general inquiry about whether any individual among the whole group possesses a certain quality or performs an action. For example, 'آیا همه کس آماده است؟' (Is everybody ready? / Is anyone ready?).

listening B2

Everybody expects prices to drop.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس انتظار دارند که قیمت‌ها کاهش یابد.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening B2

Did everybody attend this meeting?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: آیا همه کس در این جلسه شرکت کردند؟
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening B2

This opportunity is not available for everybody.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: برای همه کس این فرصت فراهم نیست.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking B2

Read this aloud:

همه کس باید حقوق برابر داشته باشند.

Focus: همه کس

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking B2

Read this aloud:

در این فرهنگ، همه کس به یکدیگر احترام می‌گذارند.

Focus: همه کس

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking B2

Read this aloud:

او فکر می‌کرد همه کس از او حمایت می‌کنند.

Focus: همه کس

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing B2

Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) about a public event you attended. Use 'همه کس' at least once to describe the attendees. Describe the general atmosphere and what people were doing.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

من به یک جشنواره موسیقی رفتم. همه کس از شنیدن موسیقی لذت می‌بردند. فضا بسیار شاد و پر انرژی بود. این رویداد برای همه کس تجربه‌ای فراموش‌نشدنی بود.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing B2

Imagine you are writing a notice for a community meeting. Explain what the meeting is about and encourage 'همه کس' to attend. Include at least two reasons why attendance is important.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

اعلامیه: جلسه مهم جامعه محلی. موضوع: برنامه‌ریزی برای بهبود پارک محله. همه کس دعوت به شرکت در این جلسه مهم هستند تا نظرات و ایده‌های خود را به اشتراک بگذارند. حضور شما برای تصمیم‌گیری‌های آینده بسیار مهم است.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing B2

Describe a common misconception or stereotype that 'همه کس' might have about a particular topic or group of people. Explain why this misconception is inaccurate, using 'همه کس' at least once in your explanation.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

یک تصور اشتباه رایج این است که همه کس فکر می‌کنند یادگیری زبان فارسی بسیار دشوار است. در واقعیت، با تمرین و منابع مناسب، یادگیری آن برای همه کس ممکن است. بسیاری از ساختارها و کلمات فارسی منطقی هستند و می‌توان به سرعت پیشرفت کرد.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
reading B2

بر اساس متن، حق آزادی بیان برای چه کسانی محترم است؟

Read this passage:

در یک جامعه دموکراتیک، حق آزادی بیان برای همه کس محترم است. این حق به افراد اجازه می‌دهد تا بدون ترس از سانسور، عقاید خود را ابراز کنند. با این حال، استفاده از این آزادی باید مسئولانه باشد و به حقوق دیگران احترام بگذارد.

بر اساس متن، حق آزادی بیان برای چه کسانی محترم است؟

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: برای همه کس

متن به صراحت می‌گوید 'حق آزادی بیان برای همه کس محترم است'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: برای همه کس

متن به صراحت می‌گوید 'حق آزادی بیان برای همه کس محترم است'.

reading B2

چه کسانی می‌توانند محصولات تازه را در بازار محلی پیدا کنند؟

Read this passage:

بازار محلی هر جمعه برگزار می‌شود و همه کس می‌توانند محصولات تازه و ارگانیک را در آنجا پیدا کنند. این بازار مکانی برای تبادل فرهنگ و گفتگو بین مردم نیز هست. فروشندگان از شهرهای مختلف می‌آیند و محصولات متنوعی را ارائه می‌دهند.

چه کسانی می‌توانند محصولات تازه را در بازار محلی پیدا کنند؟

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

متن بیان می‌کند 'همه کس می‌توانند محصولات تازه و ارگانیک را در آنجا پیدا کنند'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

متن بیان می‌کند 'همه کس می‌توانند محصولات تازه و ارگانیک را در آنجا پیدا کنند'.

reading B2

هدف اصلی پروژه جدید شرکت چیست؟

Read this passage:

پروژه جدید شرکت به گونه‌ای طراحی شده که سود آن به همه کس برسد. این پروژه شامل آموزش‌های رایگان برای جوانان و فرصت‌های شغلی برای افراد کم‌درآمد است. هدف اصلی افزایش رفاه عمومی در جامعه است.

هدف اصلی پروژه جدید شرکت چیست؟

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: افزایش رفاه عمومی در جامعه

متن می‌گوید 'هدف اصلی افزایش رفاه عمومی در جامعه است' و 'سود آن به همه کس برسد'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: افزایش رفاه عمومی در جامعه

متن می‌گوید 'هدف اصلی افزایش رفاه عمومی در جامعه است' و 'سود آن به همه کس برسد'.

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: او بهترین را برای همه کس آرزو می‌کند.

This sentence means 'He wishes the best for everybody.' The structure follows Subject-Object-Verb, with 'بهترین' (the best) as the direct object and 'برای همه کس' (for everybody) as a prepositional phrase.

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس در جلسه حاضر بودند.

This sentence means 'Everybody was present at the meeting.' 'همه کس' acts as the subject, followed by the location 'در جلسه' (at the meeting) and the verb 'حاضر بودند' (were present).

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: باید به حقوق همه کس احترام گذاشت.

This sentence means 'One should respect everybody's rights.' The impersonal 'باید' (should) is followed by 'به حقوق همه کس' (to everybody's rights) and the verb 'احترام گذاشت' (to respect).

fill blank C1

در یک جامعه پیشرفته، ___ باید به حقوق دیگران احترام بگذارند. (In an advanced society, ___ must respect the rights of others.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The context implies a general statement about society, where 'everybody' or 'all people' should respect others' rights. 'همه کس' (hame kas) correctly conveys this meaning.

fill blank C1

با وجود تمام تفاوت‌ها، ___ خواهان صلح و آرامش هستند. (Despite all differences, ___ desire peace and tranquility.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

This sentence suggests a universal desire for peace among all people. 'همه کس' (hame kas) is the appropriate pronoun to express 'everybody' or 'all people' in this context.

fill blank C1

در این پروژه، همکاری ___ برای رسیدن به موفقیت ضروری است. (In this project, the cooperation of ___ is essential for achieving success.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The phrase 'cooperation of everybody' fits the context of a project where universal participation is needed for success. 'همه کس' (hame kas) means 'everybody' or 'all people'.

fill blank C1

با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، انتظار می‌رود که ___ در جلسه حضور پیدا کنند. (Given the importance of the matter, it is expected that ___ will attend the meeting.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The importance of the topic suggests that everyone should be present. 'همه کس' (hame kas) meaning 'everybody' or 'all people' is the correct choice here.

fill blank C1

پس از اعلام خبر، ___ متعجب و شگفت‌زده شدند. (After the announcement, ___ were surprised and astonished.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

The reaction described as widespread surprise indicates that 'everybody' or 'all people' felt this way. 'همه کس' (hame kas) conveys this perfectly.

fill blank C1

در یک دموکراسی واقعی، آراء و نظرات ___ ارزشمند است. (In a true democracy, the votes and opinions of ___ are valuable.)

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

A core principle of democracy is that the opinions of 'everybody' or 'all people' are valued. 'همه کس' (hame kas) is the most suitable term.

multiple choice C1

Which of the following best conveys the idea that 'everyone' was present at a highly anticipated event, implying a large and diverse gathering?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس در مراسم حضور داشتند.

The phrase 'همه کس' (hame kas) directly translates to 'everybody' or 'all people', making it the most accurate choice to convey a complete presence at the event.

multiple choice C1

In a philosophical discussion about universal human experiences, which option correctly uses 'همه کس' to suggest that certain emotions are shared by all individuals?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: غم و شادی را همه کس تجربه می‌کند.

This sentence correctly uses 'همه کس' to express that 'everybody' experiences joy and sorrow, aligning with the concept of universal human emotions.

multiple choice C1

If you want to emphasize that a particular piece of news has reached 'everyone' in a community, indicating widespread knowledge, which sentence is the most appropriate?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: این خبر را همه کس شنیده است.

The phrase 'همه کس شنیده است' (hame kas shenide ast) literally means 'everybody has heard', effectively communicating that the news is widely known.

true false C1

The sentence 'همه کس به دنبال خوشبختی است' implies that happiness is a universal pursuit.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Yes, 'همه کس' (hame kas) means 'everybody' or 'all people', so the sentence translates to 'Everybody is looking for happiness,' indicating a universal pursuit.

true false C1

When someone says 'این را فقط همه کس می‌داند', they mean only a select few are aware of the information.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

No, 'این را فقط همه کس می‌داند' (in ra faqat hame kas midanad) would literally translate to 'Only everybody knows this', which is contradictory. The correct usage of 'همه کس' implies widespread knowledge, not limited knowledge.

true false C1

The phrase 'همه کس می‌تواند در این پروژه شرکت کند' suggests that participation in the project is open to all individuals.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Yes, 'همه کس می‌تواند' (hame kas mitavanad) translates to 'everybody can', indicating that there are no restrictions on participation and it is open to all.

listening C1

Everybody was excited to see the show.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس از دیدن نمایش هیجان زده بودند.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening C1

Is everybody ready for this change?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: آیا همه کس برای این تغییر آماده هستند؟
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening C1

He thought everybody liked him.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: او فکر می‌کرد همه کس او را دوست دارند.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C1

Read this aloud:

همه کس می‌توانند در این مسابقه شرکت کنند، صرف نظر از سن و تجربه.

Focus: همه کس می‌توانند

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C1

Read this aloud:

این وظیفه همه کس است که از محیط زیست محافظت کنند.

Focus: وظیفه همه کس

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C1

Read this aloud:

وقتی این خبر را شنیدند، همه کس شوکه شدند.

Focus: همه کس شوکه شدند

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank C2

در یک جامعه دموکراتیک، حق انتخاب و ابراز نظر برای ___ تضمین شده است.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

In a democratic society, the right to choose and express an opinion is guaranteed for everybody.

fill blank C2

با توجه به شرایط بحرانی، مسئولیت حفظ آرامش و امنیت بر عهدهٔ ___ است.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

Given the critical conditions, the responsibility for maintaining peace and security rests with everybody.

fill blank C2

برای رسیدن به موفقیت پایدار، تلاش مستمر و مشارکت فعال ___ ضروری است.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

For achieving sustainable success, continuous effort and active participation from everybody is essential.

fill blank C2

در مواجهه با چالش‌های جهانی، همکاری و همبستگی ___ امری حیاتی است.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

In facing global challenges, cooperation and solidarity from everybody is a vital matter.

fill blank C2

حفاظت از محیط زیست وظیفه‌ای است که بر دوش ___ قرار دارد و نباید نادیده گرفته شود.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

Protecting the environment is a duty that rests on everybody and should not be ignored.

fill blank C2

برای ساختن آینده‌ای روشن‌تر، مشارکت و مسئولیت‌پذیری ___ لازم است.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس

To build a brighter future, the participation and responsibility of everybody is necessary.

listening C2

Everybody expects him to win the election.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: همه کس انتظار دارند که او در انتخابات پیروز شود.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening C2

Does everybody agree with you on this matter?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: آیا همه کس در این مورد با شما موافقند؟
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening C2

After the truth was revealed, everybody was shocked.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: بعد از افشای حقیقت، همه کس شوکه شدند.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C2

Read this aloud:

همه کس باید به حقوق یکدیگر احترام بگذارند.

Focus: احترام بگذارند

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C2

Read this aloud:

در این شرایط بحرانی، همه کس باید همکاری کنند.

Focus: همکاری کنند

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C2

Read this aloud:

گفته می‌شود همه کس از نتیجه جلسه راضی نبودند.

Focus: راضی نبودند

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
sentence order C2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: درک متقابل اساس هر رابطه پایدار است.

This sentence structure (Subject-Object-Verb, with modifiers preceding the noun) is common in formal Persian. 'درک متقابل' (mutual understanding) is the subject, 'اساس' (basis) is the complement, and 'است' (is) is the verb. 'هر رابطه پایدار' (every lasting relationship) functions as a possessive phrase modifying 'اساس'.

sentence order C2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: مسئولیت پذیری فردی پیش‌نیاز توسعه اجتماعی است.

The order 'مسئولیت پذیری فردی' (individual responsibility) as the subject, followed by 'پیش‌نیاز' (prerequisite) as the complement, and then 'توسعه اجتماعی' (social development) as the object of the prerequisite, with 'است' (is) at the end, forms a grammatically correct and coherent sentence.

sentence order C2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: پیامدها ناشی از تصمیمات کوتاه‌مدت گاهی غیرقابل جبران هستند.

This sentence correctly places 'پیامدها' (consequences) as the subject, followed by the descriptive phrase 'ناشی از تصمیمات کوتاه‌مدت' (resulting from short-term decisions). 'گاهی' (sometimes) acts as an adverb, and 'غیرقابل جبران هستند' (are irreparable) is the predicate.

/ 102 correct

Perfect score!

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