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کسالت آور

B1 adjective 8분 분량

کسالت آور

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 کسالت آور 30초 만에

설명 کسالت آور in your Level:

At the A1 level, you usually use simple words like 'bad' or 'not good' to say you don't like something. You might not use 'kesālat-āvar' yet because it is a long, compound word. Instead, you might say 'In film khub nist' (This movie is not good). However, learning 'kesālat-āvar' now helps you recognize it when you hear Iranians complaining about long waits or boring classes. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'not fun.' You can start by just recognizing the 'āvar' part, which often appears in words that cause a feeling.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to use more descriptive adjectives. You probably know 'khaste-konande' (tiring/boring). 'Kesālat-āvar' is the next step up. It's a great word to use in your writing tasks when you want to describe a trip that was too long or a book that you didn't finish. You can use it in simple sentences like 'Dars-e riyāzi kesālat-āvar ast' (Math class is boring). It shows you are moving beyond basic vocabulary and trying to sound more like a native speaker.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'kesālat-āvar' comfortably. This is the level where you start expressing opinions and feelings in more detail. You can use it to describe abstract concepts, like a 'boring routine' or a 'tedious job.' You should also understand the difference between 'kesālat-āvar' (something that causes boredom) and 'kesālat' (the feeling of boredom itself). For example, you can say 'I feel a sense of kesālat because the movie was kesālat-āvar.' This level is all about nuance and using the right word for the right situation.

At the B2 level, you use 'kesālat-āvar' to add flavor and precision to your speech and writing. You can use it in complex sentences with conjunctions and relative clauses. You might compare it with synonyms like 'yek-navākht' (monotonous) or 'farsāyande' (wearing). You understand that 'kesālat-āvar' has a slightly formal or academic tone, and you can use this to your advantage in professional settings or when writing essays. You also know how to use it in its comparative and superlative forms to make strong points.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the word's connotations. You recognize it in high literature and news broadcasts. You can use it to critique complex ideas, such as a 'kesālat-āvar' political discourse or a 'kesālat-āvar' social trend. You are aware of its etymological roots and how it interacts with the Persian suffix system. You can switch between 'kesālat-āvar,' 'malāl-āvar,' and 'khast-e konande' effortlessly to match the register of your conversation or the tone of your text.

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At the C2 level, 'kesālat-āvar' is just one of many tools in your vast linguistic toolkit. You can use it with subtle irony or within complex metaphorical structures. You might use it to describe the 'kesālat-āvar' nature of existence in a philosophical discussion, or use it to contrast with very modern slang for rhetorical effect. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, and you understand the historical evolution of the word from its Arabic roots into the modern Persian lexicon.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

کسالت آور 30초 만에

An adjective meaning boring, tedious, or tiresome.
Formed from 'kesālat' (boredom) + 'āvar' (bringing).
Used to describe movies, books, tasks, or events.
More formal than the common word 'khast-e konande'.

The Persian word کسالت آور (pronounced as kesālat-āvar) is a sophisticated and highly expressive adjective used to describe something that is not merely boring, but fundamentally tedious, tiresome, or inducing a state of lethargy. To understand its depth, one must look at its components: kesālat, which refers to a state of boredom, malaise, or physical and mental heaviness, and the suffix āvar, which means 'bringing' or 'causing.' Therefore, when you describe an event, a book, or a conversation as کسالت آور, you are saying it is 'boredom-bringing' or 'lethargy-inducing.'

Formal Context: In formal Persian, this word is the gold standard for describing a lack of interest. You will find it in literary reviews, academic critiques, and professional reports. For instance, a critic might describe a long-winded film as having a 'kesālat-āvar' pace, suggesting that the slowness actually drains the energy of the audience.
Emotional Nuance: Unlike the simpler word 'khaste-konande' (tiring), کسالت آور implies a certain heaviness of spirit. It is often used when something is repetitive or lacks the 'soul' or 'spark' required to keep one engaged. It captures the feeling of looking at a clock and realizing only five minutes have passed during a three-hour lecture.

تماشای این فیلم طولانی واقعاً کسالت آور بود؛ کاش زودتر تمام می‌شد.
— Translation: Watching this long movie was truly boring; I wish it had finished sooner.

The word is widely applicable across various domains. In a professional setting, a 'kesālat-āvar' meeting is one that lacks a clear agenda and drags on with unnecessary details. In nature, a gray, rainy day that prevents any activity might be described as having a kesālat-āvar atmosphere. It is the antithesis of 'hayajān-angiz' (exciting) and 'shādi-bakhsh' (joy-giving).

زندگی بدون چالش و تنوع، بسیار کسالت آور خواهد بود.
— Translation: Life without challenge and variety will be very tedious.

Linguistic Origin: The root 'Kasal' is an Arabic loanword meaning laziness or lack of vigor. By adding the Persian suffix '-āvar', the language creates a bridge between the state of being (laziness/boredom) and the external force that causes it. This makes it a very precise tool for speakers to express their frustration with external stimuli.

Using کسالت آور correctly requires understanding its role as an adjective. It typically follows the noun it describes, connected by the 'Ezafe' construction (the short '-e' sound), or it functions as a predicate after the verb 'to be' (budan/ast). Because it is a multi-syllabic and somewhat formal word, it gives your Persian a sophisticated, educated tone.

Attributive Usage: When placing it directly after a noun, you must use the Ezafe. For example: yek ruz-e kesālat-āvar (a boring day). Here, the word provides a specific quality to the day, suggesting a lack of activity or excitement.
Predicative Usage: When used with a linking verb, it describes the subject of the sentence. For example: In dars barāye man kesālat-āvar ast (This lesson is boring for me). This is the most common way learners will use the word to express their feelings about subjects or activities.

او تمام عصر را صرف صحبت درباره موضوعات کسالت آور کرد.
— Translation: He spent the whole evening talking about boring topics.

You can amplify the intensity of the word using adverbs like besyār (very), vaghe'an (truly), or bis az had (excessively). For example, vaghe'an kesālat-āvar emphasizes that the boredom is palpable and significant. It is also often contrasted with words like jāleb (interesting) or sar-garm-konande (entertaining).

کار در اداره با وظایف تکراری می‌تواند بسیار کسالت آور باشد.
— Translation: Working in an office with repetitive tasks can be very tedious.

Comparative and Superlative: To say something is 'more boring,' add the suffix -tar: kesālat-āvar-tar. To say 'the most boring,' add -tarin: kesālat-āvar-tarin. Example: 'This is the most boring book I have ever read' translates to In kesālat-āvar-tarin ketābi ast ke tā be hāl khānde-am.

While کسالت آور is a B1 level word, its presence spans from everyday complaints to high-brow literature. Understanding the context helps you choose between this and its synonyms. You will hear it in academic settings, in the workplace, and in serious social discussions. It is less common in very informal 'street' slang, where speakers might prefer simpler terms like bi-maze (tasteless/boring) or khaste-konande.

Academic and Educational Settings: Students often use this word to describe long lectures or textbooks that lack engaging content. A professor might also use it in a self-deprecating way: 'I hope my lecture wasn't too kesālat-āvar for you today.'
Film and Book Reviews: If you read a Persian newspaper or watch a movie review on YouTube, you will frequently encounter this word. Critics use it to describe plots that move too slowly or characters that lack depth. It conveys a sense of intellectual disappointment.

منتقد سینما گفت: «نیمه دوم فیلم به شدت کسالت آور و قابل پیش‌بینی بود.»
— Translation: The film critic said: "The second half of the movie was intensely boring and predictable."

In professional environments, it is used to describe repetitive work or long, unproductive meetings. An employee might say to a colleague, 'In jalaseye emruz kheyli kesālat-āvar bud' (Today's meeting was very tedious). It sounds more professional and slightly more detached than saying it was 'bad' or 'tiring.'

ما نباید اجازه دهیم روتین‌های روزمره زندگی‌مان را کسالت آور کنند.
— Translation: We should not let daily routines make our lives boring.

News and Media: In reports about administrative delays or slow economic growth, journalists might use this term to describe the 'tedious' nature of certain legal or bureaucratic procedures that frustrate the public.

Mastering کسالت آور involves avoiding several common pitfalls that learners often encounter. These mistakes usually stem from confusing the word with its root noun, misapplying the suffix, or using it in the wrong social register.

Confusing Noun and Adjective: A common error is saying 'Man kesālat-āvar hastam' when you mean 'I am bored.' This actually means 'I am a boring person (I cause boredom in others).' To say you are bored, you should use 'Man hosele-am sar rafte' or 'Man دچار کسالت شده‌ام' (I have fallen into a state of boredom/malaise).
Over-formality in Slang Contexts: Using kesālat-āvar while hanging out with close friends in a very casual setting can sound a bit stiff or 'bookish.' While not grammatically wrong, it might make you sound like you are reading from a script. In those cases, khaste-konande or mozakhraf (rubbish/nonsense) might be more natural depending on the level of frustration.

Incorrect: این بازی خیلی کسالت است.
Correct: این بازی خیلی کسالت آور است.
— Explanation: You must use the adjective form with the suffix -āvar, not just the noun 'kesālat' (boredom).

Another mistake is the spelling and spacing. In modern Persian typing, a 'half-space' (Zunj) is often used between 'kesālat' and 'āvar' (کسالت‌آور). Some learners might write them as one word without a space (کسالتآور), which is incorrect, or with a full space (کسالت آور). While the full space is acceptable, the half-space is the standard in contemporary publishing.

اشتباه: من امروز خیلی کسالت آور هستم.
درست: من امروز خیلی بی‌حوصله هستم.
— Explanation: Don't describe yourself as 'kesālat-āvar' unless you want to say you are a boring person who bores others.

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and 'boring' is no exception. Depending on the intensity and the context, you might want to swap کسالت آور for something more specific. Here is a breakdown of the most common alternatives.

خسته‌کننده (Khaste-konande): This is the most direct equivalent to 'tiring' or 'boring.' It is more common in daily speech than kesālat-āvar. Use this when something is physically or mentally exhausting because of its monotony.
ملال‌آور (Malāl-āvar): A more literary and poetic version of kesālat-āvar. It suggests a deep, melancholic boredom. You would see this in a Rumi poem or a modern philosophical essay. It sounds very sophisticated.
یکنواخت (Yek-navākht): Meaning 'monotonous' or 'uniform.' This is used when the boredom comes from a lack of change or variety. For example, a 'yek-navākht' voice is one that stays at the same pitch and puts you to sleep.

سخنرانی او یکنواخت و کمی کسالت آور بود.
— Translation: His speech was monotonous and a bit boring.

In professional contexts, you might also hear farsāyande (wearing/eroding), which describes a type of boredom that slowly wears down your patience and energy. Choosing the right word demonstrates a high level of Persian proficiency and allows you to express subtle differences in how you experience 'boredom.'

گاهی اوقات سکوت می‌تواند ملال‌آور باشد، اما گاهی هم آرامش‌بخش است.
— Translation: Sometimes silence can be tedious, but sometimes it is also peaceful.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The suffix '-āvar' is incredibly productive in Persian. It allows speakers to create adjectives for almost any feeling or result. If you know a noun for a feeling, you can often add '-āvar' to describe something that causes it. For example, 'shadi' (joy) + 'āvar' = 'shadi-āvar' (joy-bringing).

발음 가이드

UK /ke.sɒː.ˈlæt ɒː.ˈvæɾ/

US /ke.sɑː.ˈlæt ɑː.ˈvɛr/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of the compound: 'vār'. A secondary stress falls on 'lāt'.

라임이 맞는 단어

گریه‌آور (gerye-āvar - tear-inducing) خنده‌آور (khande-āvar - funny/laugh-inducing) شگفت‌آور (shegeft-āvar - amazing) دردآور (dard-āvar - painful) زیان‌آور (ziyān-āvar - harmful) نشاط‌آور (neshāt-āvar - refreshing) رقت‌آور (reghat-āvar - pathetic) وحشت‌آور (vahshat-āvar - terrifying)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'kesālat' as 'kasālat' (incorrect vowel).
Merging the two words into one without the slight pause (kesālātāvar).
Mispronouncing the 'ā' sound as a short 'a' (like 'cat'). It should be long like 'father'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable 'ke'.
Failing to pronounce the 't' in 'kesālat' clearly.

난이도

독해 3/5

The word is long but follows standard Persian compounding rules. Easy to recognize once you know the parts.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct use of the half-space (ZWNJ) and proper spelling of the Arabic root 'kesālat'.

말하기 3/5

Five syllables make it a mouthful, but the rhythm is predictable.

듣기 3/5

Easily distinguishable due to its length and the unique 'āvar' ending.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

خسته (khaste) فیلم (film) کتاب (ketāb) بودن (budan) خیلی (kheyli)

다음에 배울 것

ملال‌آور (malāl-āvar) یکنواخت (yek-navākht) جذاب (jazzāb) سرگرم‌کننده (sar-garm-konande) هیجان (hayajān)

고급

انقیاد (enghiyād) رخوت (rekhvat) استیصال (estisal) بی‌هودگی (bi-hudegi)

알아야 할 문법

Ezafe Construction

روزِ کسالت آور (Ruz-e kesālat-āvar)

Compound Adjective Formation

Noun + Present Stem (آور)

Comparative Adjectives

کسالت آورتر (kesālat-āvar-tar)

Superlative Adjectives

کسالت آورترین (kesālat-āvar-tarin)

Adverb Placement

بسیار کسالت آور (besyār kesālat-āvar)

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수준별 예문

این فیلم کسالت آور است.

This movie is boring.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb (ast).

کلاس امروز کسالت آور بود.

Today's class was boring.

Past tense of 'to be' (bud).

او یک مرد کسالت آور است.

He is a boring man.

Using the adjective to describe a person.

این کتاب خیلی کسالت آور است.

This book is very boring.

Adding 'kheyli' (very) for emphasis.

آیا این بازی کسالت آور است؟

Is this game boring?

Question form using 'āyā'.

مشق شب کسالت آور است.

Homework is boring.

Subject is a noun phrase.

آن داستان کسالت آور نبود.

That story was not boring.

Negative form 'nabud'.

من فیلم‌های کسالت آور را دوست ندارم.

I don't like boring movies.

Adjective modifying the object with plural '-hā'.

سفر با اتوبوس گاهی کسالت آور می‌شود.

Traveling by bus sometimes becomes boring.

Using 'shodan' (to become) as the verb.

او همیشه درباره موضوعات کسالت آور حرف می‌زند.

He always talks about boring subjects.

Adjective modifying 'mozu'āt' (subjects).

من فکر می‌کنم این کار کسالت آور است.

I think this work is boring.

Using 'fekr mikonam' to express opinion.

ما نباید یک زندگی کسالت آور داشته باشیم.

We should not have a boring life.

Using modal 'nabāyad' (should not).

این شهر در زمستان کمی کسالت آور است.

This city is a bit boring in winter.

Adding 'kami' (a bit) for nuance.

او به خاطر یک سخنرانی کسالت آور خوابش برد.

He fell asleep because of a boring speech.

Using 'be khāter-e' (because of).

چرا این برنامه تلویزیونی انقدر کسالت آور است؟

Why is this TV program so boring?

Using 'cherā' (why) and 'an-ghadr' (so much).

من از کارهای کسالت آور دوری می‌کنم.

I avoid boring tasks.

Using 'duri kardan' (to avoid).

روتین روزمره می‌تواند بعد از مدتی کسالت آور شود.

Daily routine can become boring after a while.

Using 'tavānestan' (can) and 'shodan' (become).

او با لحنی کسالت آور داستانش را تعریف کرد.

He told his story in a boring tone.

Adjective modifying 'lahn' (tone).

به نظر من، تماشای فوتبال برای برخی کسالت آور است.

In my opinion, watching football is boring for some.

Using 'be nazar-e man' (in my opinion).

این یک فرایند طولانی و کسالت آور برای دریافت ویزا است.

This is a long and tedious process for getting a visa.

Using two adjectives connected by 'va' (and).

او سعی کرد از بحث‌های کسالت آور سیاسی دوری کند.

He tried to avoid boring political discussions.

Complex noun phrase with multiple adjectives.

هیچ چیز کسالت آورتر از انتظار در صف نیست.

Nothing is more boring than waiting in line.

Comparative form 'kesālat-āvar-tar'.

گاهی اوقات تنهایی هم می‌تواند کسالت آور باشد.

Sometimes loneliness can also be boring.

Using 'ham' (also) for emphasis.

کتابی که خریدم، متاسفانه بسیار کسالت آور بود.

The book I bought was, unfortunately, very boring.

Using a relative clause 'ke kharidam'.

پروژه‌ای که به من واگذار شده، به شدت کسالت آور و تکراری است.

The project assigned to me is extremely tedious and repetitive.

Using 'be sheddat' (intensely/extremely).

او از زندگی کسالت آور شهری خسته شده و به روستا پناه برد.

He got tired of boring city life and took refuge in the village.

Past participle 'khaste shode' (having become tired).

منتقد معتقد بود که فیلمنامه‌ی اثر، بیش از حد کسالت آور است.

The critic believed that the work's screenplay is excessively boring.

Using 'bish az had' (excessively).

برای جلوگیری از یک جلسه کسالت آور، باید برنامه‌ریزی دقیقی داشت.

To avoid a boring meeting, one must have precise planning.

Using 'barāye' (for/to) + infinitive for purpose.

او با وجود هوش سرشار، در محیط‌های کسالت آور شکوفا نمی‌شود.

Despite his great intelligence, he does not flourish in boring environments.

Using 'bā vojud-e' (despite).

این موسیقی با ریتم کسالت آورش، شنونده را خسته می‌کند.

This music, with its boring rhythm, tires the listener.

Using the suffix '-ash' (its) on the adjective phrase.

چگونه می‌توان یک موضوع کسالت آور را جذاب جلوه داد؟

How can one make a boring subject appear attractive?

Using 'jelve dādan' (to make appear/manifest).

بسیاری از کارهای اداری به دلیل ماهیت کسالت آورشان، بازدهی کمی دارند.

Many administrative tasks have low productivity due to their boring nature.

Using 'be dalil-e' (due to).

نویسنده در این فصل به جزئیات کسالت آوری پرداخته است که روند داستان را کند می‌کند.

The author has delved into boring details in this chapter that slow down the story's pace.

Complex sentence with relative clause and specific verb 'pardākhtan'.

او همواره از تکرار مکررات و گفتگوهای کسالت آور گریزان بود.

He was always fleeing from repetitive repetitions and boring conversations.

Using 'gorizān budan' (to be fleeing/avoiding).

این نظریه، با تمام پیچیدگی‌اش، در نهایت بسیار کسالت آور و بی‌پایه به نظر می‌رسد.

This theory, for all its complexity, ultimately seems very boring and baseless.

Using 'dar nahāyat' (ultimately) and 'be nazar residan' (to seem).

فضای کسالت آور حاکم بر اداره، روحیه کارکنان را تضعیف کرده است.

The boring atmosphere prevailing over the office has weakened the employees' morale.

Using 'hākem bar' (prevailing over).

او با مهارتی خاص، سخنرانی کسالت آور مدیر را به طنز کشاند.

With a special skill, he turned the manager's boring speech into satire.

Using 'be tanz keshāndan' (to turn into satire).

روند کسالت آور بوروکراسی، مانع بزرگی بر سر راه نوآوری است.

The tedious process of bureaucracy is a major obstacle in the way of innovation.

Abstract subject with metaphorical obstacle.

برخی معتقدند که کمال‌گرایی مفرط می‌تواند زندگی را کسالت آور کند.

Some believe that excessive perfectionism can make life boring.

Using 'mofrat' (excessive) and 'kardan' (to make).

او از آن دسته افرادی است که حتی جذاب‌ترین موضوعات را کسالت آور جلوه می‌دهند.

He is one of those people who make even the most attractive subjects appear boring.

Using 'az ān daste' (of that category).

در پسِ آن چهره‌ی بشاش، زندگی‌ای کسالت آور و تهی از معنا نهفته بود.

Behind that cheerful face lay a boring life devoid of meaning.

Literary construction with 'dar pas-e' (behind) and 'nahofte budan' (to be hidden).

منتقدان ادبی، سبک نگارش او را «کسالت آور و فاقد خلاقیت» توصیف کرده‌اند.

Literary critics have described his writing style as 'boring and lacking creativity.'

Using 'tosif kardan' (to describe) with quotes.

تکرار بی‌پایان این نغمه، آن را از شکوه انداخته و کسالت آور کرده است.

The endless repetition of this melody has stripped it of its glory and made it tedious.

Using 'az shokuh andākhtan' (to strip of glory).

او در جستجوی راهی برای رهایی از این دورِ باطل و کسالت آور بود.

He was in search of a way to escape this vicious and boring cycle.

Using 'dure bātel' (vicious cycle).

حتی در کسالت آورترین لحظات زندگی نیز می‌توان بارقه‌ای از امید یافت.

Even in the most boring moments of life, one can find a spark of hope.

Superlative form with 'hata' (even) and 'niz' (also/even).

تجملات بیش از حد، گاهی فضایی کسالت آور و مصنوعی ایجاد می‌کند.

Excessive luxury sometimes creates a boring and artificial atmosphere.

Subject-verb agreement with abstract concepts.

او با لحنی که از فرط کسالت آور بودن به تمسخر پهلو می‌زد، سخن می‌گفت.

He spoke in a tone that, due to being excessively boring, bordered on mockery.

Highly advanced construction 'be tamaskhor pahlu zadan'.

تاریخ‌نگاران بر این باورند که دوره‌های ثبات سیاسی طولانی، گاهی کسالت آور توصیف می‌شوند.

Historians believe that long periods of political stability are sometimes described as boring.

Using 'bar in bāvarand' (believe this) and passive 'tosif mishavand'.

자주 쓰는 조합

فیلم کسالت آور

سخنرانی کسالت آور

کار کسالت آور

زندگی کسالت آور

موضوع کسالت آور

فرایند کسالت آور

روز کسالت آور

کتاب کسالت آور

لحن کسالت آور

روتین کسالت آور

자주 쓰는 구문

به شدت کسالت آور

— Extremely boring. Used to emphasize how tedious something is.

این جلسه به شدت کسالت آور بود.

کمی کسالت آور

— A bit boring. Used to soften a critique.

داستان کتاب کمی کسالت آور است.

واقعاً کسالت آور

— Truly boring. Expressing a genuine feeling of boredom.

انتظار در فرودگاه واقعاً کسالت آور است.

بیش از حد کسالت آور

— Excessively boring. Suggesting it's too much to handle.

توضیحات او بیش از حد کسالت آور بود.

کسالت آور و تکراری

— Boring and repetitive. A common pair of adjectives.

کارهای خانه گاهی کسالت آور و تکراری می‌شوند.

کسالت آور و ملال‌آور

— Boring and tedious. Using synonyms for extra emphasis.

فضای شهر در روزهای تعطیل کسالت آور و ملال‌آور است.

یک عصر کسالت آور

— A boring afternoon. Often used to set a scene.

ما یک عصر کسالت آور را در خانه گذراندیم.

موسیقی کسالت آور

— Boring music. Music that lacks energy or rhythm.

او همیشه موسیقی‌های کسالت آور گوش می‌دهد.

درس کسالت آور

— Boring lesson. A common complaint among students.

تاریخ می‌تواند درس کسالت آوری باشد اگر معلم خوبی نداشته باشید.

مسیر کسالت آور

— Boring route/path. Used for long, monotonous drives.

مسیر تهران تا مشهد از کویر می‌گذرد و کمی کسالت آور است.

자주 혼동되는 단어

کسالت آور vs کسالت (Kesālat)

This is the noun (boredom/illness). You cannot say 'I am kesālat.' You must say 'I have kesālat' or 'This is kesālat-āvar'.

کسالت آور vs کسل (Kesel)

This describes a person who IS bored. 'Man kesel hastam' (I am bored). 'In dars kesālat-āvar ast' (This lesson is boring).

کسالت آور vs خسته‌کننده (Khaste-konande)

While similar, khaste-konande often implies physical tiredness as well as boredom, whereas kesālat-āvar is more about the mental/emotional state of tedium.

관용어 및 표현

"حوصله سر بر"

— Something that makes your patience 'overflow' or run out. Very common idiom for boring.

این کلاس واقعاً حوصله سر بر است.

Informal

"جون به لب کردن"

— To bring one's soul to their lips. Used when something is so tedious or annoying it's unbearable.

این ترافیک آدم رو جون به لب می‌کنه.

Informal/Slang

"روده درازی کردن"

— To talk at great length and in a boring way (literally: to have long intestines).

او باز هم شروع کرد به روده درازی درباره خاطراتش.

Informal

"وقت تلف کردن"

— To waste time. Often said about boring activities.

دیدن این فیلم فقط وقت تلف کردن بود.

Neutral

"مغز کسی را خوردن"

— To eat someone's brain. Used when someone talks too much about boring things.

با اون حرف‌های کسالت آورش مغزم رو خورد.

Slang

"آب بستن به چیزی"

— To add water to something. Used when a book or movie is made longer with boring, useless content.

نویسنده به این رمان خیلی آب بسته است.

Informal

"خواب‌آور"

— Sleep-inducing. Used for very boring speeches or books.

صدای استاد خیلی خواب‌آور بود.

Neutral

"یک غاز و نیم غاز"

— Talking about trivial, boring matters of little value.

تمام روز رو به حرف‌های یک غاز و نیم غاز گذروندیم.

Old-fashioned/Idiomatic

"آسمان و ریسمان بافتن"

— To weave heaven and rope. To talk about unrelated, boring things to avoid the point.

به جای جواب دادن، داشت آسمان و ریسمان می‌بافت.

Informal

"کوه کندن"

— To dig a mountain. Used ironically for a task that is boring and feels much harder than it is.

نوشتن این گزارش برای من مثل کوه کندن بود.

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

کسالت آور vs ملال‌آور

They both mean boring/tedious.

Malāl-āvar is more formal and poetic, often implying a sense of sadness or existential ennui. Kesālat-āvar is more general and used for daily tasks or media.

غروب جمعه ملال‌آور است. (Friday sunset is tedious/sad.)

کسالت آور vs یکنواخت

Monotony causes boredom.

Yek-navākht describes the structure (no change), while kesālat-āvar describes the effect (it bores you).

صدای او یکنواخت است.

کسالت آور vs بی‌مزه

Both imply a lack of interest.

Bi-maze is informal and usually refers to something that was supposed to be funny or social but failed. Kesālat-āvar is for things that are too long or slow.

جوک او خیلی بی‌مزه بود.

کسالت آور vs طولانی

Long things are often boring.

Tulāni is just a measurement of time/length. Something can be tulāni but exciting. Kesālat-āvar is always negative.

یک سفر طولانی اما جذاب.

کسالت آور vs خواب‌آور

Both make you want to sleep.

Khāb-āvar can be literal (medicine) or metaphorical (a boring speech). Kesālat-āvar is always metaphorical boredom.

این قرص خواب‌آور است.

문장 패턴

[Noun] + کسالت آور + است.

این کار کسالت آور است.

[Noun] + خیلی + کسالت آور + بود.

فیلم خیلی کسالت آور بود.

به نظر من [Noun Phrase] + کسالت آور + است.

به نظر من این کتاب کسالت آور است.

من از [Noun Phrase] + کسالت آور + خسته شدم.

من از کارهای کسالت آور خسته شدم.

[Noun] + به قدری کسالت آور بود که [Clause].

جلسه به قدری کسالت آور بود که همه خوابشان برد.

هیچ چیز کسالت آورتر از [Noun] + نیست.

هیچ چیز کسالت آورتر از ترافیک نیست.

[Abstract Noun] + ماهیتی کسالت آور + دارد.

این فرایند ماهیتی کسالت آور دارد.

در ورای این [Noun]، چیزی جز [Noun] + کسالت آور + نهفته نیست.

در ورای این ظاهر، چیزی جز زندگی‌ای کسالت آور نهفته نیست.

어휘 가족

명사

کسالت (kesālat - boredom, illness, lethargy)

کسل (kesel - bored person / state of being bored)

동사

کسل کردن (kesel kardan - to bore someone)

کسل شدن (kesel shodan - to become bored)

형용사

کسل‌کننده (kesel-konande - boring/tiring)

کسالت‌بار (kesālat-bār - full of boredom/malaise)

사용법

frequency

Common in media, literature, and educated speech. Less common in very casual youth slang.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'kesālat-āvar' to mean 'I am bored'. → من کسل هستم (Man kesel hastam).
Kesālat-āvar is the cause of boredom, not the feeling itself. If you say 'Man kesālat-āvar hastam,' you are calling yourself a boring person.
Writing it as 'kesālat āvar' with a huge space. → کسالت‌آور (with half-space).
While a full space is sometimes seen, the standard modern Persian orthography uses a ZWNJ (half-space) for compound words.
Confusing it with 'kesālat' (the noun). → این کار کسالت آور است.
You cannot say 'This work is boredom.' You must say 'This work is boring (kesālat-āvar).'
Using it for physical pain. → دردآور (dard-āvar).
Learners sometimes use 'kesālat' to mean any kind of bad feeling. 'Kesālat' is specifically for boredom or malaise, not sharp physical pain.
Misplacing the stress. → Stress on 'vār'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable 'ke-' makes the word sound unnatural to native speakers.

팁

Formal Writing

When writing a book or film review in Persian, use 'kesālat-āvar' instead of 'khaste-konande' to sound more professional and authoritative.

The Ezafe

Don't forget the 'e' sound (ezafe) when the word follows a noun. It is 'film-e kesālat-āvar', not 'film kesālat-āvar'.

The '-āvar' Suffix

Learn other '-āvar' words like 'khande-āvar' (funny) and 'gerye-āvar' (sad) to quickly expand your adjective vocabulary.

Softening Criticism

To be more polite, add 'kami' (a bit) before 'kesālat-āvar'. It makes your criticism sound like an opinion rather than an objective fact.

Stress the End

Put the stress on the very last syllable 'vār'. This is a common pattern for compound adjectives in Persian.

Arabic Root

Remember that 'kesālat' is spelled with the letter 'sin' (س), not 'sad' (ص) or 'se' (ث).

Academic Tone

In a university setting, use 'kesālat-āvar' to describe theories or methods that you find unstimulating; it sounds more intellectual.

Context Clues

If you hear someone sighing and saying a long word starting with 'ke...', they are likely saying 'kesālat-āvar'.

Castle Boredom

Associate 'Kasal' with 'Castle'. Imagine a boring tour of a dusty old castle to remember the word.

Review Sections

Look for this word in the 'Critic's Corner' of Persian websites to see how it's used in real-world evaluations.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Kasal' as 'Castle'. Imagine being stuck in a giant, empty 'Castle' for a year with nothing to do. It would be very 'Kesālat-āvar' (boring/tedious).

시각적 연상

Picture a gray, rainy day through a window where a clock's hands are moving incredibly slowly. This visual captures the essence of 'kesālat-āvar'.

Word Web

Boredom Tedious Tiring Repetitive Long Monotonous Lethargic Dull

챌린지

Try to describe three things you did last week that were 'kesālat-āvar' and three things that were the opposite ('hayajān-angiz'). Use the word in a full sentence for each.

어원

The word is a hybrid compound. 'Kesālat' comes from the Arabic root K-S-L (ک-س-ل), which in Arabic primarily means laziness or indolence. In Persian, the meaning shifted to include a sense of physical unwellness or general boredom. The second part, 'āvar', is the present stem of the Persian verb 'āvardan' (آوردن), which means 'to bring' or 'to cause.'

원래 의미: Literally, 'that which brings laziness' or 'that which causes a state of malaise.'

Indo-European (Persian) with Semitic (Arabic) loanword root.

문화적 맥락

Be careful not to describe a cultural ceremony or a religious event as 'kesālat-āvar' in public, as it can be seen as a sign of disrespect toward the tradition or the hosts.

While English speakers use 'boring' for almost everything, Persian speakers have a higher threshold for using 'kesālat-āvar' as it sounds more formal. In English, you might say a movie is 'boring' to a friend; in Persian, you'd more likely say 'khast-e konande' to a friend and 'kesālat-āvar' in a written review.

Found in contemporary Iranian cinema reviews (e.g., in 'Film' magazine). Used in academic translations of Western existentialist literature (Sartre, Camus). Commonly used in news reports regarding slow diplomatic negotiations.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At School/University

سخنرانی کسالت آور
کتاب درسی کسالت آور
کلاس کسالت آور
تکالیف کسالت آور

At the Office

جلسه کسالت آور
گزارش کسالت آور
کار اداری کسالت آور
وظایف کسالت آور

Watching Movies/Reading

داستان کسالت آور
شخصیت کسالت آور
پایان کسالت آور
نیمه دوم کسالت آور

Social Situations

مهمانی کسالت آور
گفتگوی کسالت آور
آدم کسالت آور
عصر کسالت آور

Travel and Commute

مسیر کسالت آور
ترافیک کسالت آور
انتظار کسالت آور
سفر کسالت آور

대화 시작하기

"به نظر تو این فیلم کمی کسالت آور نیست؟ (Don't you think this movie is a bit boring?)"

"چطور می‌توانیم از این زندگی کسالت آور فرار کنیم؟ (How can we escape this boring life?)"

"آیا تا به حال در یک جلسه کسالت آور خوابت برده؟ (Have you ever fallen asleep in a boring meeting?)"

"کسالت آورترین کتابی که تا حالا خوندی چی بوده؟ (What was the most boring book you've ever read?)"

"چرا بعضی آدم‌ها همیشه درباره موضوعات کسالت آور حرف می‌زنند؟ (Why do some people always talk about boring subjects?)"

일기 주제

امروز چه کاری انجام دادی که واقعاً کسالت آور بود؟ چطور آن را تحمل کردی؟ (What did you do today that was truly boring? How did you endure it?)

اگر مجبور بودی در یک جزیره تنها باشی، چه چیزی برایت کسالت آورتر می‌شد؟ (If you had to be alone on an island, what would be most boring for you?)

تفاوت بین یک زندگی آرام و یک زندگی کسالت آور از نظر تو چیست؟ (What is the difference between a peaceful life and a boring life in your opinion?)

درباره یک معلم یا استادی بنویس که درس‌هایش هرگز کسالت آور نبود. (Write about a teacher or professor whose lessons were never boring.)

چگونه می‌توان کارهای تکراری خانه را از حالت کسالت آور خارج کرد؟ (How can repetitive housework be made less boring?)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, but be careful. If you say 'u ādam-e kesālat-āvari ast,' it means 'He is a boring person who bores others.' It is a strong personal criticism. In casual settings, Iranians often use 'bi-maze' or 'bi-ruh' instead.

Khaste-konande is more common and literally means 'tiring.' Kesālat-āvar is more formal and literally means 'boredom-bringing.' Use the latter in writing or when you want to sound more sophisticated.

You actually don't use 'kesālat-āvar' for that. You would say 'Man kesel hastam' or 'Hosele-am sar rafte.' 'Kesālat-āvar' is only for the thing that causes the boredom.

It is a compound word. In modern Persian, it's best written with a half-space (ZWNJ): کسالت‌آور. Writing it with a full space (کسالت آور) is also acceptable, but avoid joining them without any space.

Yes, in formal Persian, 'kesālat' can refer to a slight illness or indisposition. However, 'kesālat-āvar' almost always means 'boring' and not 'illness-inducing' in modern usage.

The root 'kesālat' is used, but the compound 'kesālat-āvar' is more common in modern prose and contemporary Persian. Classical poets preferred 'malāl' or 'khastegi'.

The most common opposites are 'jazzāb' (attractive/interesting), 'sar-garm-konande' (entertaining), or 'hayajān-angiz' (exciting).

Yes, you can describe a city or a room as 'kesālat-āvar' if it lacks life, color, or things to do. For example: 'In shahr-e kuchak barāye man kesālat-āvar ast'.

It is used in both, as well as in Tajikistan, but the frequency and register might vary. In Iran, it is a standard B1-level word in the national curriculum.

You can use 'besyār' (formal), 'kheyli' (neutral), or 'be sheddat' (intense). Example: 'In dars be sheddat kesālat-āvar ast'.

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