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A1 adjective #4,000 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

سبک

sabk 상위 4,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 سبک 30초 만에

설명 سبک in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'sabok' is taught as a basic adjective to describe physical objects. Students learn it alongside its opposite, 'sangin' (heavy). The focus is on simple sentences like 'The book is light' or 'The bag is light'. At this stage, the learner should be able to use 'sabok' to describe everyday items they carry or buy. The goal is to master the Ezafe construction (e.g., 'kif-e sabok') and the basic predicate form ('In kif sabok ast'). Vocabulary is centered on the home, the classroom, and the market. There is no need to worry about metaphorical meanings yet; just focus on the tactile sensation of weight.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'sabok' in more varied contexts, such as food and health. They learn phrases like 'ghazā-ye sabok' (light food) and 'varzesh-e sabok' (light exercise). The comparative and superlative forms, 'sabok-tar' (lighter) and 'sabok-tarin' (lightest), are introduced here. An A2 student should be able to compare two objects (e.g., 'This phone is lighter than that one') and express preferences based on weight. They also start to distinguish 'sabok' (weight) from 'roshan' (color), correcting the common mistake of using them interchangeably.

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At the B1 level, the metaphorical uses of 'sabok' emerge. Students learn the expression 'sabok shodan' (to feel relieved/lightened) after a difficult conversation or a good cry. They also encounter 'khāb-e sabok' (light sleep) and 'dast-e sabok' (a lucky or gentle hand). B1 learners are expected to understand the word in a wider range of texts, including simple news reports or blog posts about lifestyle and health. They begin to see 'sabok' used in compound verbs and understand how it functions in more complex sentence structures involving relative clauses.

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At the B2 level, the distinction between the adjective 'sabok' (light) and the noun 'sabok' (style) becomes important. Learners should be able to navigate texts where both meanings might appear. They also learn more specific synonyms like 'khafif' (mild/slight) for medical or formal contexts and 'kam-vazn' for technical descriptions. A B2 student can use 'sabok' to discuss abstract concepts, such as a 'light' atmosphere in a room or a 'light' workload. They are also more aware of the social risks of calling a person 'sabok' and can use the word with appropriate caution and cultural awareness.

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At the C1 level, the learner explores the literary and idiomatic depth of 'sabok'. They encounter it in classical poetry and modern literature where it might describe a soul, a spirit, or a fleeting moment. They understand subtle idioms like 'sabok-sari' (frivolity/light-headedness) and can analyze the author's intent when the word is used to critique someone's character. C1 students can use 'sabok' in academic or professional discussions about materials science, design, or psychology, choosing it or its synonyms ('vazni nadārad', 'subtle', etc.) with precision and stylistic flair.

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At the C2 level, 'sabok' is used with the mastery of a native speaker. The learner understands the historical etymology of the word and its relationship to other Indo-European languages. They can appreciate the wordplay in Persian puns (Iham) involving 'sabok' as both style and weight. A C2 speaker can use the word in high-level diplomacy or philosophy to describe 'light' interventions or 'light' ontological states. They have a complete grasp of all regional variations and slang uses, and can instinctively use the word to convey complex emotional states or social critiques with perfect nuance.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

سبک 30초 만에

Sabok means 'light' in terms of weight, like a feather or a small bag.
It is the opposite of 'sangin', which means 'heavy' in Persian.
You can use it for food (easy to digest) or sleep (easily disturbed).
Be careful: don't use it for colors; use 'roshan' for light colors instead.

The Persian word سبک (Sabok) is a fundamental adjective primarily used to describe the physical attribute of weight. At its most basic level, it is the direct equivalent of the English word 'light' when referring to how much an object weighs. For a beginner learning Persian, this is one of the first descriptive adjectives encountered because it is essential for everyday survival tasks, such as shopping at a bazaar, packing a suitcase, or describing household items. When you pick up a feather, a piece of paper, or a small plastic bottle, you are dealing with something that is sabok. However, the utility of this word extends far beyond the physical realm into the metaphorical and cultural nuances of the Persian language.

Physical Weight: In a literal sense, it describes objects that are easy to lift or carry. It is the opposite of 'sangin' (heavy). If you are at a grocery store and a bag of cotton candy feels like nothing in your hand, you would describe it as sabok.

این کیف خیلی سبک است. (This bag is very light.)

Beyond physical weight, sabok is frequently used to describe the intensity or 'heaviness' of experiences. For instance, in the context of sleep, a 'khāb-e sabok' (light sleep) refers to a state where one is easily awakened. In the context of food, a 'ghazā-ye sabok' (light meal) refers to something easy to digest, like a salad or a simple soup, as opposed to a heavy, oily kebab. This versatility makes it a high-frequency word in both colloquial and formal Persian. You will hear it in the kitchen, in the bedroom, and even in psychological contexts where someone might feel 'sabok' after crying or sharing a secret, indicating a sense of relief or the removal of a burden.

Metaphorical Relief: The phrase 'sabok shodan' is used when someone feels a weight has been lifted from their shoulders, emotionally or spiritually.

بعد از گریه کردن، احساس سبکی کردم. (After crying, I felt light/relieved.)

In social settings, 'sabok' can sometimes carry a negative connotation if applied to a person's behavior. A 'dast-e sabok' (light hand) is usually positive, meaning someone whose touch or presence brings luck or healing. However, describing someone's character as 'sabok' can imply they are frivolous, undignified, or lack 'sangini' (gravity/dignity). This dual nature of the word—as both a neutral physical descriptor and a nuanced social label—is a hallmark of Persian linguistic depth. Learners should start by mastering the physical usage before venturing into these more complex social applications.

Using سبک (Sabok) in a sentence follows the standard Persian grammar rules for adjectives. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by a short vowel sound called the Ezafe (usually an '-e' or '-ye' sound). For example, to say 'a light chair,' you take the word for chair (sandali) and add the Ezafe to connect it to sabok: sandali-ye sabok. This structure is consistent across all levels of Persian and is the most common way you will encounter the word.

The Ezafe Construction: Noun + -e/-ye + Sabok. Example: 'Lebās-e sabok' (Light clothing).

من یک لپ‌تاپ سبک خریدم. (I bought a light laptop.)

When using sabok as a predicate adjective (e.g., 'The bag is light'), you place it at the end of the sentence before the verb 'to be' (ast/hast/e). In colloquial Persian, 'ast' is often shortened to 'e'. So, 'In kif sabok-e' is the common way to say 'This bag is light' in daily conversation. It is important to note that 'sabok' does not change based on the gender or number of the noun it modifies, as Persian adjectives are gender-neutral and do not pluralize when modifying a plural noun (e.g., 'kif-hā-ye sabok' - light bags).

این پر سبک‌تر از آن سنگ است. (This feather is lighter than that stone.)

Another frequent usage is in compound verbs, particularly with 'shodan' (to become) and 'kardan' (to make). 'Sabok shodan' means to become light, but often implies losing weight or feeling relieved. 'Sabok kardan' means to lighten something, such as lightening a load or reducing the intensity of a task. If you are helping someone carry groceries and you take the heaviest bag, you are 'sabok kardan' their burden. Understanding these verbal combinations is key to sounding natural in Persian.

Comparative and Superlative: Sabok (Light) -> Sabok-tar (Lighter) -> Sabok-tarin (Lightest).

او سبک‌ترین دوچرخه را دارد. (He has the lightest bicycle.)

You will encounter the word سبک (Sabok) in a variety of real-world contexts in Iran and other Persian-speaking regions. One of the most common places is the traditional bazaar or a modern supermarket. When buying fruits or vegetables, customers often check the weight of items. A vendor might say, 'In hendevāne sabok-e' (This watermelon is light), which might imply it's not juicy or ripe. Conversely, when buying expensive spices like saffron, the 'sabok' nature of the product contrasts with its high price.

At the Airport or Travel: Travelers are constantly concerned with 'vazn-e sabok' (light weight) to avoid extra baggage fees. You will hear people saying, 'Chamedānam sabok ast' (My suitcase is light).

لطفاً یک پتو سبک به من بدهید. (Please give me a light blanket.)

In the domestic sphere, 'sabok' is used daily in relation to health and diet. Persian culture places a heavy emphasis on dinner being a 'shām-e sabok' (light dinner) to ensure better sleep and digestion. Mothers often tell their children, 'Shām sabok bokhor' (Eat a light dinner). Similarly, in the medical field, a doctor might advise a patient to start 'varzesh-e sabok' (light exercise) after an injury. You'll also hear it in weather reports, though less commonly, to describe 'bārān-e sabok' (light rain), although 'nam-nam' is a more common term for drizzle.

In the world of technology and fashion, 'sabok' is a selling point. Marketing for mobile phones, laptops, and running shoes heavily features the word 'sabok' to emphasize portability and comfort. In fashion, 'pārche-ye sabok' (light fabric) is sought after during the hot Iranian summers. Whether you are reading a product description on Digikala (Iran's Amazon) or listening to a fashion influencer on Instagram, 'sabok' is a key descriptor for quality and convenience.

In the Kitchen: Describing textures. A cake that is 'sabok' is airy and fluffy, a desired trait in baking.

این کیک خیلی سبک و خوشمزه است. (This cake is very light and delicious.)

For English speakers, the most frequent mistake when using سبک (Sabok) stems from the English word 'light' having multiple meanings. In English, 'light' can mean 'not heavy' (weight) and 'not dark' (color/illumination). In Persian, these are two entirely different words. Using 'sabok' to describe the color of a shirt or the brightness of a room is a common error that will confuse native speakers. For colors, you must use roshan (e.g., 'ābi-ye roshan' for light blue). For illumination, you use nur or roshani.

The Weight vs. Color Trap: Mistake: 'In pirāhan sabok ast' (meaning light color). Correct: 'In pirāhan roshan ast'. Use 'sabok' only for weight.

❌ رنگ سبک (Wrong for light color) -> ✅ رنگ روشن (Right for light color)

Another mistake involves the word's noun form. In Persian, sabok (with a different stress or context) can also mean 'style' (like 'style of music' or 'style of writing'). While spelled the same in the Persian script, the context usually makes the difference clear. However, beginners might get confused when they see 'sabok-e zendegi' (lifestyle) and try to translate it as 'light life'. Always look at the surrounding words to determine if it's the adjective (light weight) or the noun (style).

Socially, using 'sabok' to describe a person can be risky. If you say someone is 'sabok', you might unintentionally be calling them shallow or flighty. If you want to say someone is thin (light in weight), it is much safer and more common to use laqar (thin) or khosh-andām (fit). Calling a person 'sabok' is often an insult to their dignity, implying they act like a child or don't take things seriously. Be very careful when applying this adjective to human beings!

Person Description: Avoid: 'U sabok ast' to mean 'He is light/thin'. Use 'U laqar ast' instead.

While سبک (Sabok) is the most common word for 'light', Persian offers several alternatives depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. For instance, if you want to emphasize that something is exceptionally light, almost weightless, you might use پر-مانند (par-mānand), which literally means 'feather-like'. This is more poetic and descriptive than the simple 'sabok'.

Comparison: Sabok vs. Kam-vazn: Sabok: General, everyday use for light weight.
Kam-vazn: More formal or technical, literally 'low-weight'. Often used in science or shipping.

این تبلت بسیار کم‌وزن است. (This tablet is very low-weight/lightweight.)

In the context of fabrics or materials, لطیف (Latif) or نازک (Nāzok) are often used. 'Nāzok' means 'thin', but in the context of a summer shirt, it implies it is light and breathable. 'Latif' means 'delicate' or 'soft', which often goes hand-in-hand with being light. If you are describing a breeze, you wouldn't say 'bād-e sabok' as much as you would say nasim (breeze) or bād-e molāyem (gentle wind). Using 'sabok' for wind is understandable but sounds slightly non-native.

In more formal or literary Persian, you might encounter خفیف (Khafif). This word is borrowed from Arabic and is used for 'light' in the sense of 'mild' or 'slight'. For example, a 'light fever' is 'tab-e khafif', not 'tab-e sabok'. A 'light sentence' in legal terms is also 'mojāzāt-e khafif'. Learning when to switch from 'sabok' to 'khafif' is a sign of moving from intermediate to advanced Persian proficiency. However, for 90% of physical 'light weight' situations, 'sabok' remains your best and most reliable choice.

Formal Alternatives: Khafif: Used for symptoms, punishments, or mild forces.
Vazni nadārad: Literally 'it has no weight', used for emphasis.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'sabok' is actually a distant cousin of the English word 'swift' through Proto-Indo-European roots involving speed and lightness.

발음 가이드

UK /sæ.bɒk/

US /sæ.bɑːk/

The stress is typically on the second syllable: sa-BOK.

라임이 맞는 단어

نمک (Namak - salt) کمک (Komak - help) فلک (Falak - firmament) اردک (Ordak - duck) عینک (Eynak - glasses) خشتک (Kheshtak - crotch) چرخک (Charkhak - small wheel) دلقک (Dalghak - clown)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it like 'sab-ook' (long 'oo' sound). It should be a short 'o'.
Confusing the stress and making it 'SA-bok'.
Mistaking the 's' for a 'sh' sound.
Not pronouncing the final 'k' clearly.
Confusing it with 'sabak' (lesson).

난이도

독해 1/5

Easy to recognize, short word, common letters.

쓰기 2/5

Needs care with the 'b' and 'k' connection in script.

말하기 1/5

Simple pronunciation, no difficult Persian sounds like 'gh' or 'kh'.

듣기 2/5

Can be confused with 'sabak' or the noun 'style' if context is missed.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

سنگین (Heavy) وزن (Weight) است (Is) کتاب (Book) کیف (Bag)

다음에 배울 것

روشن (Light color) نازک (Thin) خفیف (Mild) احساس (Feeling) راحت (Comfortable)

고급

وقار (Dignity) متانت (Gravely/Poise) تجرید (Abstraction) سبک‌شناسی (Stylistics)

알아야 할 문법

Ezafe Construction

کتابِ سبک (Ketāb-e sabok)

Comparative Suffix -tar

این سبک‌تر است.

Superlative Suffix -tarin

سبک‌ترین وسیله.

Predicate Adjective Position

این مداد سبک است. (Adjective before verb)

Adjective Invariance

کیف‌های سبک (Adjective doesn't pluralize)

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수준별 예문

این مداد سبک است.

This pencil is light.

Simple predicate adjective.

من یک کیف سبک دارم.

I have a light bag.

Ezafe construction: kif-e sabok.

آیا این جعبه سبک است؟

Is this box light?

Question form.

پر خیلی سبک است.

A feather is very light.

Use of 'khayli' (very) for emphasis.

این کتاب سنگین نیست، سبک است.

This book is not heavy, it is light.

Contrast with 'sangin'.

کفش‌های من سبک هستند.

My shoes are light.

Plural subject with plural verb.

یک صندلی سبک بیاور.

Bring a light chair.

Imperative mood.

سیب سبک است.

The apple is light.

Noun + Adjective + Verb.

من برای شام یک غذای سبک می‌خورم.

I eat a light meal for dinner.

Describing food.

این چمدان از آن چمدان سبک‌تر است.

This suitcase is lighter than that suitcase.

Comparative form: sabok-tar.

او به یک ورزش سبک نیاز دارد.

He needs a light exercise.

Describing activity.

سبک‌ترین لپ‌تاپ را بخرید.

Buy the lightest laptop.

Superlative form: sabok-tarin.

امروز لباس سبک بپوش.

Wear light clothes today.

Context of weather/comfort.

این گوشی خیلی سبک و باریک است.

This phone is very light and thin.

Combining adjectives.

آیا خواب شما سبک است؟

Is your sleep light?

Idiomatic use for sleep.

بسته‌ی من سبک بود.

My package was light.

Past tense: bud.

بعد از صحبت با او، احساس سبک شدن کردم.

After talking to him, I felt lightened/relieved.

Compound verb: sabok shodan.

این نویسنده سبک بسیار سبکی در نوشتن دارد.

This writer has a very light style of writing.

Using both 'style' (noun) and 'light' (adj).

مادرم دست سبکی در آشپزی دارد.

My mother has a 'light hand' in cooking (meaning she is skilled/efficient).

Idiomatic expression: dast-e sabok.

باران سبکی در حال باریدن است.

A light rain is falling.

Describing weather intensity.

او سعی کرد با یک شوخی فضا را سبک کند.

He tried to lighten the atmosphere with a joke.

Metaphorical use for atmosphere.

این پارچه برای تابستان بسیار سبک و خنک است.

This fabric is very light and cool for summer.

Describing material properties.

من همیشه خواب سبکی دارم و زود بیدار می‌شوم.

I always have a light sleep and wake up early.

Habitual state.

لطفاً بار مرا کمی سبک کنید.

Please lighten my load a bit.

Request for assistance.

رفتار او در مهمانی کمی سبک بود.

His behavior at the party was a bit frivolous/undignified.

Social/Negative connotation.

پزشک به او توصیه کرد که فقط فعالیت‌های سبک انجام دهد.

The doctor advised him to do only light activities.

Professional advice context.

این هواپیما از مواد بسیار سبکی ساخته شده است.

This airplane is made of very light materials.

Technical/Material context.

او با یک حرکت سبک از روی مانع پرید.

He jumped over the obstacle with a light/graceful movement.

Describing grace/agility.

در این سبک موسیقی، از سازهای سبک استفاده می‌شود.

In this style of music, light instruments are used.

Differentiating noun and adjective.

او نمی‌خواست با حرف‌هایش خود را سبک کند.

He didn't want to make himself look cheap/undignified with his words.

Reflexive use of 'sabok kardan'.

این رژیم غذایی شامل وعده‌های سبک و مکرر است.

This diet includes light and frequent meals.

Formal dietetic context.

صدای سبک قدم‌هایش را شنیدم.

I heard the light sound of her footsteps.

Describing sensory perception.

شاعر در این بیت، روح را به پرنده‌ای سبک تشبیه کرده است.

In this verse, the poet has likened the soul to a light bird.

Literary analysis.

بار مسئولیت بر دوش او سبک به نظر می‌رسید.

The burden of responsibility seemed light on his shoulders.

Abstract metaphorical use.

او با سبکیِ خاصی به سوالات دشوار پاسخ می‌داد.

He answered the difficult questions with a certain lightness/ease.

Noun form 'saboki' (lightness).

این معماری با استفاده از شیشه، حس سبک بودن را القا می‌کند.

This architecture, by using glass, inspires a feeling of being light.

Aesthetic description.

نباید با حرکات سبک، وقار خود را از بین ببرید.

You should not destroy your dignity with frivolous actions.

Moral/Ethical advice.

در فیزیک، فوتون‌ها ذراتی بدون جرم و سبک تلقی می‌شوند.

In physics, photons are considered massless and light particles.

Scientific context.

او از اینکه توانسته بود بار دلش را سبک کند، خوشحال بود.

He was happy that he had been able to lighten the burden of his heart.

Deep emotional idiom.

این توافق‌نامه تعهدات سبکی را برای طرفین ایجاد می‌کند.

This agreement creates light obligations for the parties.

Legal/Formal context.

ظرافت و سبکیِ این اثر هنری، بیننده را مبهوت می‌کند.

The elegance and lightness of this artwork astound the viewer.

Art criticism.

در عرفان، سبک‌باری شرط اصلی رسیدن به کمال است.

In mysticism, being 'light-burdened' (unattached) is the main condition for reaching perfection.

Philosophical/Mystical term: sabok-bāri.

او با ذکاوتی سبک‌سرانه، از کنار مشکلات بزرگ می‌گذشت.

With a light-headed (carefree) wit, he would pass by great problems.

Nuanced personality trait.

نقد او بر کتاب، بسیار سبک و سطحی بود.

His critique of the book was very light and superficial.

Intellectual critique.

سبک‌دستیِ جراح در این عمل حیاتی، بی‌نظیر بود.

The surgeon's light-handedness (dexterity) in this vital operation was unique.

Professional praise.

او در نوشته‌هایش، مرز بین سبکی و سنگینیِ کلام را حفظ می‌کند.

In his writings, he maintains the boundary between the lightness and heaviness of speech.

Stylistic analysis.

این نظریه به دلیل شواهد سبک، مورد پذیرش قرار نگرفت.

This theory was not accepted due to 'light' (weak) evidence.

Academic/Epistemological use.

تجربه‌ی سبک‌بالی در پرواز با پاراگلایدر بی‌نظیر است.

The experience of 'light-wingedness' (freedom) in paragliding is unique.

Poetic compound noun: sabok-bāli.

자주 쓰는 조합

غذای سبک

خواب سبک

ورزش سبک

وزن سبک

لباس سبک

بار سبک

موسیقی سبک

جمله سبک

کار سبک

خیال سبک

자주 쓰는 구문

سبک بار

— Someone carrying little luggage or someone without many worldly attachments.

مسافران سبک‌بار راحت‌تر سفر می‌کنند.

سبک شدن

— To feel relieved or to lose weight.

بعد از حرف زدن با تو، سبک شدم.

سبک کردن

— To lighten a load or to make something less intense.

باید بارهای اضافی را سبک کنیم.

دستش سبک است

— Used to describe someone who brings luck or completes a task quickly and painlessly.

این جراح دستش خیلی سبک است.

سبک شمردن

— To take something lightly or to underestimate/disrespect it.

او دشمن را سبک شمرد.

خوابش سبک است

— He/She is a light sleeper.

مراقب باش، خوابش سبک است.

سبک مغز

— Light-brained; used as an insult for someone foolish.

حرف‌های آن آدم سبک‌مغز را باور نکن.

سبک‌بال

— Light-winged; feeling free and happy.

او سبک‌بال به سمت خانه می‌دوید.

سبک‌سر

— Frivolous or impulsive.

جوانان گاهی سبک‌سر هستند.

سبک‌سایه

— Someone who is not a burden to others; modest.

او انسانی سبک‌سایه و مهربان است.

자주 혼동되는 단어

سبک vs روشن (Roshan)

English 'light' (color/brightness) vs. Persian 'sabok' (weight).

سبک vs سبک (Sabok - Noun)

Spelled the same, but means 'style' or 'method'.

سبک vs سبک (Sabak)

Means 'lesson' or 'task' in some contexts, though spelled differently (سبق).

관용어 및 표현

"دلش سبک شد"

— His/Her heart became light; meaning they felt emotional relief.

گریه کرد و دلش سبک شد.

Informal

"خود را سبک کردن"

— To behave in a way that loses others' respect.

با آن التماس‌ها، خودش را سبک کرد.

Neutral

"دست سبک داشتن"

— To have a 'lucky' hand, often in gardening, medical procedures, or starting a task.

هر چه می‌کارد سبز می‌شود، دستش سبک است.

Colloquial

"سبک‌سنگین کردن"

— To weigh the pros and cons; to evaluate a situation.

قبل از تصمیم‌گیری، همه چیز را سبک‌سنگین کن.

Neutral

"بار دل سبک کردن"

— To unburden one's heart by sharing a secret or confessing.

باید با کسی حرف بزنم تا بار دلم سبک شود.

Literary

"سبک نشستن"

— To sit in a way that is ready to leave; not staying long.

او فقط سبک نشست و زود رفت.

Colloquial

"سبک آمدن"

— To arrive without gifts or without much preparation (can be negative).

به مهمانی سبک نیایید.

Colloquial

"پای سبک داشتن"

— To be quick and agile.

فوتبالیست باید پای سبکی داشته باشد.

Neutral

"سبک‌روح"

— Cheerful and light-spirited.

او همیشه سبک‌روح و خندان است.

Literary

"سبک‌عنان"

— Fast-moving (originally for horses); quick.

سواران سبک‌عنان گذشتند.

Archaic/Poetic

혼동하기 쉬운

سبک vs روشن

Both translate to 'light' in English.

Sabok is for weight; Roshan is for color/light.

این اتاق روشن است (This room is bright) vs. این صندلی سبک است (This chair is light).

سبک vs نازک

Thin things are often light.

Nazok refers to thickness/dimension; Sabok refers to weight.

کاغذ نازک (Thin paper) vs. کاغذ سبک (Light paper).

سبک vs آسان

Light tasks are easy.

Asan is 'easy' (mental/process); Sabok is 'light' (physical/intensity).

امتحان آسان (Easy exam) vs. ورزش سبک (Light exercise).

سبک vs خفیف

Both can mean 'mild'.

Khafif is more formal/medical; Sabok is more general/physical.

تب خفیف (Mild fever) vs. غذای سبک (Light food).

سبک vs کم‌وزن

Synonyms.

Kam-vazn is technical/scientific; Sabok is everyday speech.

فلز کم‌وزن (Low-weight metal) vs. کیف سبک (Light bag).

문장 패턴

[Noun] [Adjective] ast.

این میز سبک است.

[Noun] az [Noun] [Adjective]-tar ast.

این از آن سبک‌تر است.

Man ehsas-e [Noun] mikonam.

من احساس سبکی می‌کنم.

U be dalil-e [Reason] sabok shod.

او به دلیل گریه سبک شد.

[Abstract Noun] bar [Noun] sabok be nazar miresid.

مسئولیت بر دوشش سبک به نظر می‌رسید.

Dar [Domain], [Concept] ra sabok barshomordand.

در دادگاه، جرم را سبک برشمردند.

Any

Yek [Noun]-e sabok lotfan.

یک چای سبک لطفا. (A light tea please - though 'kam-rang' is better for tea!)

Any

Chera inghadr saboke?

Why is it so light?

어휘 가족

명사

سبکی (Saboki - Lightness)

سبک‌باری (Sabok-bari - Unburdenedness)

سبک‌سری (Sabok-sari - Frivolity)

동사

سبک کردن (Sabok kardan - To lighten)

سبک شدن (Sabok shodan - To become light/relieved)

سبک شمردن (Sabok shomardan - To underestimate)

형용사

سبک (Sabok - Light)

سبک‌بار (Sabok-bar - Light-burdened)

سبک‌وزن (Sabok-vazn - Lightweight)

사용법

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation.

자주 하는 실수

Rangi sabok (Light color) → Rangi roshan
Sabok is for weight only.
U khayli sabok ast (to mean he is thin) → U khayli laqar ast
Sabok can be an insult to character; laqar is for body weight.
Sabook (Long 'oo') → Sabok (Short 'o')
Vowel length changes the naturalness of the word.
Kif sabok (Missing Ezafe) → Kif-e sabok
Adjectives need the Ezafe connector in Persian.
Sabok-e zendegi (meaning light life) → Sabok-e zendegi (Lifestyle)
Confusing the noun 'style' with the adjective 'light'.

팁

The Ezafe

Always remember the '-e' sound when putting 'sabok' after a noun, like 'miz-e sabok'.

Weight vs. Color

Never use 'sabok' for colors. Use 'roshan' for light colors and 'sabok' for light weight.

Dignity

Be careful calling people 'sabok'. It's better to use 'laqar' for thinness to avoid insulting their character.

Healthy Eating

In Iran, having a 'shām-e sabok' (light dinner) is a very common health advice.

Short Vowel

The 'o' in 'sabok' is short. Don't say 'sabook'.

Feather Link

Associate 'sabok' with 'par' (feather). Par is the ultimate example of sabok.

Relief

Use 'sabok shodam' after finishing a big exam or a hard task to express relief.

Tar and Tarin

Master 'sabok-tar' and 'sabok-tarin' to compare objects while shopping.

Context Clues

If you hear 'sabok' in a discussion about music or literature, it probably means 'style' (noun).

K vs G

In Persian script, 'sabok' ends with ک. If you add a line (گ), it becomes a different word.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a 'SAB' (Submarine) that is made of 'OK' (Oxygen) - it would be incredibly 'SAB-OK' (light) and float easily!

시각적 연상

Picture a giant scale with a massive 'Sangin' (Heavy) stone on one side and a tiny 'Sabok' (Light) feather on the other.

Word Web

Light weight Light sleep Light food Relief Style (Noun) Easy Frivolous Fast

챌린지

Try to find five things in your room that are 'sabok' and name them in Persian: 'In [object] sabok ast.'

어원

Derived from Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 'sabuk'. It has cognates in other Indo-Iranian languages.

원래 의미: The core meaning has always been related to being 'quick' or 'not heavy'.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> West Iranian -> Persian.

문화적 맥락

Avoid calling an elder 'sabok' as it implies they are acting without the dignity expected of their age.

English speakers often use 'light' for color, but in Persian, using 'sabok' for color is a major 'Gaffe' (mistake).

Rumi uses the concept of 'sabok-bari' (being light-burdened) to describe the soul's journey to God. The 'Sabok-e Isfahani' is a famous style of Persian poetry. Modern Iranian pop songs often use 'sabok shodan' to describe moving on from a breakup.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Shopping

این سبکه؟
چیز سبک‌تری دارید؟
خیلی سنگینه، سبک نیست.
وزنش سبکه.

Health

غذای سبک بخورید.
ورزش سبک انجام بده.
احساس سبکی می‌کنم.
تبش سبکه.

Travel

چمدان سبک.
بار سبک.
سبک سفر کردن.
کوله پشتی سبک.

Sleep

خوابم سبکه.
با صدا بیدار می‌شم.
خواب سبک داشتن.
نیمه‌شب بیدار شدن.

Socializing

خودت را سبک نکن.
آدم سبکیه.
حرف سبک نزن.
رفتار سبک.

대화 시작하기

"آیا این کیف برای شما سبک است؟ (Is this bag light for you?)"

"شما معمولاً شام سبک می‌خورید یا سنگین؟ (Do you usually eat a light or heavy dinner?)"

"به نظر شما سبک‌ترین گوشی دنیا کدام است؟ (What do you think is the lightest phone in the world?)"

"چرا بعضی‌ها خواب سبکی دارند؟ (Why do some people have a light sleep?)"

"چگونه می‌توانیم بار زندگی‌مان را سبک کنیم؟ (How can we lighten the burden of our lives?)"

일기 주제

امروز چه کارهای سبکی انجام دادی؟ (What light tasks did you do today?)

درباره زمانی بنویس که احساس کردی بار دلت سبک شده است. (Write about a time you felt your heart was lightened.)

آیا ترجیح می‌دهی سبک سفر کنی یا همه چیز را با خود ببری؟ (Do you prefer to travel light or take everything with you?)

تفاوت بین یک آدم 'سبک' و یک آدم 'شاد' چیست؟ (What is the difference between a 'light/frivolous' person and a 'happy' person?)

یک لیست از پنج شیء سبک در خانه‌ات بنویس. (Write a list of five light objects in your house.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, for colors you must use 'roshan'. 'Sabok' only refers to weight or intensity. Saying 'abi-ye sabok' would sound very strange to a Persian speaker.

No, Persian nouns do not have grammatical gender, so 'sabok' remains the same for all nouns.

The most common opposite is 'sangin' (سنگین), which means heavy.

You can say 'Khab-e man sabok ast' (خواب من سبک است) or 'Man khab-e saboki daram'.

Yes, if you call a person 'sabok', it can mean they are frivolous, undignified, or lack depth.

Yes, you can say 'baran-e sabok', although 'nam-nam' (drizzle) is more specific and common.

Add '-tar' to the end: 'sabok-tar'.

It means to feel relieved, as if a weight has been lifted from your mind or heart.

Yes, 'sigar-e sabok' is used for cigarettes with lower nicotine/tar.

No, the 'k' is fully pronounced at the end of the word.

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