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سگ نگهبان

B1 noun #7,000 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

سگ نگهبان

sage negahban 상위 7,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 سگ نگهبان 30초 만에

설명 سگ نگهبان in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners focus on the most basic components of the term. 'Sag' means 'dog' and is one of the first animals students learn. 'Negahbān' might be introduced as 'guard.' At this stage, students should simply recognize the phrase as a single unit meaning 'guard dog.' They should be able to say 'In yek sag-e negahbān ast' (This is a guard dog) and understand that it is a 'big dog' (sag-e bozorg) that 'works' (kār mikonad). The focus is on identification rather than complex grammar. Learners are taught to distinguish this from other animals like 'gorbe' (cat) or 'asb' (horse). The Ezafe (-e-) is introduced as a necessary sound to link the two words, even if the underlying grammatical rules aren't fully explained yet.

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At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'sag-e negahbān' in simple descriptive sentences. They can talk about possession ('Man yek sag-e negahbān dāram' - I have a guard dog) and basic actions ('Sag-e negahbān pārs mikonad' - The guard dog barks). They start to understand the purpose of the dog using 'barāye' (for), such as 'barāye amniyat' (for security). At this stage, students also learn basic adjectives to describe the dog, such as 'ghavi' (strong), 'tarsnāk' (scary), or 'mehrabān' (kind - though usually not for guard dogs!). They can also form simple questions: 'Āyā in sag-e negahbān ast?' (Is this a guard dog?). The goal is to integrate the word into daily life contexts like 'the house' or 'the garden.'

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At the B1 level, students should be comfortable using 'sag-e negahbān' in a variety of tenses and more complex structures. They can describe the dog's role in society and its training. They should be able to use the word in the past tense ('Mā yek sag-e negahbān dāštim' - We had a guard dog) and the future tense. B1 learners start to understand the nuance of the Ezafe and can correctly pluralize the term ('sag-hā-ye negahbān'). They can also use conditional sentences: 'Agar sag-e negahbān nabūd, dozd mi-āmad' (If the guard dog wasn't there, the thief would have come). This level involves discussing the dog's temperament and its relationship with the owner, using words like 'vafādār' (loyal) and 'hushyār' (alert).

At the B2 level, learners use 'sag-e negahbān' in more abstract and professional contexts. They can discuss the ethics of keeping guard dogs, the different breeds available in Iran (like the Sarabi), and the specific training methods used. They are expected to use more sophisticated verbs like 'mohāfezat kardan' (to protect) and 'pas-dāri kardan' (to guard). B2 students can read and understand news articles or short stories where guard dogs play a role. They can participate in debates about whether dogs should be kept in urban apartments versus rural gardens. Their vocabulary expands to include technical terms related to animal behavior and security systems where the dog is a component of 'amniyat-e dākhali' (internal security).

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At the C1 level, the term 'sag-e negahbān' is used with full native-like fluency, including its metaphorical and literary applications. Learners can analyze the role of the guard dog in Persian literature or cinema as a symbol of fidelity or social class. They can use the term in complex legal or social discussions regarding animal rights and municipal laws in Iran. C1 students understand the subtle differences between 'sag-e negahbān,' 'sag-e pāsbān,' and 'sag-e galle' and can choose the appropriate register for a formal essay or a casual conversation. They can also use idiomatic expressions related to dogs and guarding, and understand the historical evolution of the word 'negahbān' from Middle Persian.

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At the C2 level, learners have a masterly command of the term. they can discuss the etymology of 'sag' and 'negahbān' in the context of Indo-European linguistics. They can interpret the use of guard dogs in classical Persian poetry (like the Shahnameh or Rumi's Masnavi) where animals often carry deep spiritual or allegorical meanings. C2 speakers can write professional reports on security logistics that include the deployment of guard dogs, or academic papers on the history of canine domestication in the Iranian plateau. They are sensitive to all cultural taboos and nuances surrounding dogs in various Iranian sub-cultures and can navigate these complexities perfectly in any social or professional setting.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

سگ نگهبان 30초 만에

A compound noun meaning 'guard dog' used for security and protection.
Commonly found in Iranian gardens, factories, and rural farms for safety.
Grammatically uses the Ezafe (-e-) to link 'sag' (dog) and 'negahbān' (guard).
Represents loyalty and vigilance in both literal and metaphorical Persian contexts.

The term سگ نگهبان (Sag-e Negahbān) is a compound noun in Persian that translates literally to 'guard dog.' In the Iranian cultural and linguistic context, this term is used to describe a canine specifically trained or kept for the purpose of protecting property, livestock, or individuals from intruders or predators. Unlike the concept of a 'pet' dog (sag-e khānegi), which is often kept for companionship, the sag-e negahbān is viewed primarily through a functional and utilitarian lens. This distinction is crucial in Persian-speaking societies where the legal and social status of dogs can vary significantly depending on their role.

Linguistic Structure: The phrase consists of two parts: 'Sag' (dog) and 'Negahbān' (guardian/watchman). These are joined by the 'Ezafe' vowel (-e-), which functions like a glue to connect the noun with its modifier. Thus, it literally means 'the dog of guarding.'

ما برای باغمان یک سگ نگهبان بزرگ خریدیم تا از میوه‌ها محافظت کند.

Translation: We bought a large guard dog for our garden to protect the fruits.

Historically, Iran has been home to several powerful breeds used for guarding, most notably the Sarabi (Persian Mastiff) and the Ghahderijani. When someone mentions a sag-e negahbān, the mental image is usually that of a large, formidable animal stationed at the gates of a factory, a villa, or a remote farm. In the modern era, the term is also used in security contexts, such as police dogs or private security details.

Functional Register: You will hear this word in real estate discussions (e.g., 'Does the property have a guard dog?'), agricultural settings, and security industry manuals. It is a neutral, descriptive term.

صدای واق‌واق سگ نگهبان دزدها را فراری داد.

Translation: The barking of the guard dog scared the thieves away.

In literature and metaphors, the guard dog represents loyalty and vigilance. A person might be jokingly or derogatorily called a 'negahbān' if they are overly protective, but the full term 'sag-e negahbān' is almost always literal. Understanding this word helps learners navigate the nuances of Iranian daily life, where the presence of these animals is a common sight outside the high walls of suburban gardens.

Common Collocations: Common verbs used with this noun include 'tarbiat kardan' (to train), 'negah dāštan' (to keep), and 'parvareš dādan' (to breed/raise).

Using سگ نگهبان in a sentence requires an understanding of how Persian handles compound nouns and verbs of action. Since this is a B1 level word, you should focus on describing the dog's actions, its qualities, and the reasons for having one. The word functions as the subject or object of the sentence depending on the context of security.

این سگ نگهبان بسیار باهوش و وفادار است.

Translation: This guard dog is very intelligent and loyal.

When describing the purpose of the dog, we often use the preposition barāye (for). For example: 'Man barāye kārkāne-am yek sag-e negahbān mikhāham' (I want a guard dog for my factory). Notice how the Ezafe (-e) connects 'sag' and 'negahbān'. Without this small 'e' sound, the phrase loses its grammatical cohesion.

Verb Pairings: To say a dog is 'guarding,' you use the verb 'pas-dāri kardan' or 'negahbāni kardan'. Example: 'Sag-e negahbān dārad az darvaze negahbāni mikonad' (The guard dog is guarding the gate).

In more complex sentences, you might describe the training process. Training a guard dog is a specific skill in Iran. The verb 'āmuzeš dādan' (to give training) is frequently used. 'U sag-e negahbānash rā āmuzeš dāde ast ke be gharibe-hā hamle nakonad' (He has trained his guard dog not to attack strangers).

آیا سگ نگهبان شما در شب پارس می‌کند؟

Translation: Does your guard dog bark at night?

You can also use adjectives to describe the dog's temperament. Common adjectives include harzeh (vicious/aggressive), ārām (calm), ghavi (strong), and hushyār (alert). 'Sag-e negahbān-e mā khayli hushyār ast' (Our guard dog is very alert). This level of description is typical for B1 learners who are expanding their vocabulary beyond basic nouns.

In Iran and Persian-speaking regions like Tajikistan and parts of Afghanistan, the term سگ نگهبان is encountered in several distinct environments. Understanding these contexts provides a deeper cultural immersion. The first and most common place is in rural agricultural areas. Farmers rely heavily on these dogs to protect sheep from wolves and to guard orchards from trespassers.

در روستاها، هر گله گوسفند حداقل دو سگ نگهبان دارد.

Translation: In villages, every flock of sheep has at least two guard dogs.

Another frequent setting is industrial zones. Factories on the outskirts of cities like Tehran, Isfahan, or Karaj often employ several guard dogs. If you were to visit an industrial park, you would see signs that read 'Movarzeb-e Sag-e Negahbān Bāšid' (Beware of the Guard Dog). This is the Persian equivalent of the 'Beware of Dog' sign found in the West.

Media and News: In news reports, the term might appear in stories about wildlife, police operations, or even local community disputes regarding noise or safety. It is a formal enough term for broadcast journalism.

Furthermore, in the world of Persian cinema and literature, the guard dog often serves as a symbol of the rugged, sometimes harsh reality of life outside the city. Films depicting village life or suspenseful thrillers set in remote villas will frequently feature the sound of a distant guard dog's bark to build atmosphere. It represents a boundary between the safety of the home and the dangers of the outside world.

نگهبان ساختمان یک سگ نگهبان برای انبار آورده است.

Translation: The building guard has brought a guard dog for the warehouse.

Finally, you will hear this word in the marketplace. If you visit a 'Jomeh Bāzār' (Friday Market) or specialized animal markets, traders will use 'sag-e negahbān' to categorize the animals they are selling, distinguishing them from hunting dogs (sag-e shekāri) or pet dogs. It is a professional classification in the trade of domestic animals.

Learning Persian as an English speaker involves navigating the Ezafe construction, which is often the source of the most common mistakes when using سگ نگهبان. Many beginners forget the short 'e' sound (the Ezafe) between 'sag' and 'negahbān'. Without it, the two words sit next to each other like 'dog guard' without any grammatical relationship, which sounds unnatural and broken.

Mistake #1: Omitting the Ezafe: Incorrect: 'Sag negahbān'. Correct: 'Sag-e negahbān'. Always remember that in Persian, the noun-modifier relationship almost always requires that linking vowel.

Another frequent error is confusing 'sag-e negahbān' with 'sag-e galle' (sheepdog/herd dog). While all sheepdogs are guard dogs in a sense, a 'sag-e galle' has the specific job of managing livestock. A 'sag-e negahbān' is a broader term that could apply to a dog guarding a jewelry shop, a house, or a construction site. Using them interchangeably can lead to confusion in specific agricultural contexts.

اشتباه: من یک نگهبان سگ دارم. (I have a dog's guard/human guarding a dog).

Note: Reversing the words changes the meaning entirely. 'Negahbān-e sag' would mean a person who guards a dog.

A third mistake is related to pluralization. English speakers often want to pluralize the whole unit or the second word. In Persian, the plural marker -hā or -ān typically attaches to the primary noun. Therefore, 'guard dogs' is 'sag-hā-ye negahbān,' not 'sag-e negahbān-hā'.

Mistake #4: Incorrect Verb Choice: Using 'pāsdāri kardan' (to guard) is better than 'negāh kardan' (to look). Beginners often use 'look' when they mean 'guard' because of the root 'negāh'. Correct: 'Sag az khāne negahbāni mikonad.'

While سگ نگهبان is the standard term, Persian offers several synonyms and related terms depending on the specific job the dog performs or the level of formality. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and better understand specific contexts in literature or specialized fields.

سگ پاسبان (Sag-e Pāsbān): This is a slightly more formal or literary version of 'sag-e negahbān'. The word 'pāsbān' also means guard or watchman. It is often used in poetry or older texts to describe a dog that keeps watch through the night.
سگ گله (Sag-e Galle): Specifically refers to a shepherd dog or livestock guardian dog. While its role includes guarding, its context is strictly agricultural. If you are in a village, this is the term you will hear most often.

تفاوت بین سگ نگهبان و سگ پلیس در نوع آموزش آن‌هاست.

Translation: The difference between a guard dog and a police dog is in their type of training.

Another term you might encounter is Sag-e Kār (Working Dog). This is a broad category that includes guard dogs, search and rescue dogs, and police dogs. In professional breeding circles, this is the preferred technical term.

Comparison Table

Sag-e Negahbān: General term for any dog that guards.
Sag-e Galle: Specifically for sheep and cattle.
Sag-e Pāsbān: More formal, emphasizes the act of 'watching'.
Sag-e Shekāri: Hunting dog (not a guard).

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The suffix '-bān' is one of the oldest in Persian, dating back thousands of years, and is used to denote a person in charge of something.

발음 가이드

UK /sæɡ e ne.ɡɒːh.bɒːn/

US /sæɡ e ne.ɡɑːh.bɑːn/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of the compound: 'bān'.

라임이 맞는 단어

Mizbān (Host) Bāghbān (Gardener) Pāsbān (Guard) Sārebān (Camel driver) Mehrabān (Kind) Ghahremān (Champion) Zabān (Language) Zamān (Time)

자주 하는 실수

Dropping the Ezafe (-e-) between 'sag' and 'negahbān'.
Pronouncing 'negahbān' without the 'h' sound.
Stress on the first word 'Sag' instead of the end of 'Negahbān'.
Shortening the long 'ā' sounds in 'negahbān'.
Merging 'sag' and 'e' into 'sage' (like the herb) instead of 'sag-e'.

난이도

독해 2/5

The words are common and the Ezafe is standard for B1.

쓰기 3/5

Requires correct placement of the Ezafe and plural markers.

말하기 2/5

Clear pronunciation of 'h' in 'negahbān' is the main challenge.

듣기 2/5

Easily recognizable in context due to 'Sag'.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

سگ (Dog) نگهبان (Guard) باغ (Garden) بزرگ (Big) داشتن (To have)

다음에 배울 것

محافظت کردن (To protect) پارس کردن (To bark) وفاداری (Loyalty) نژاد (Breed) امنیت (Security)

고급

سیاست‌های حفاظتی (Protective policies) غریزه قلمروطلبی (Territorial instinct) آموزش‌های تخصصی (Specialized training)

알아야 할 문법

The Ezafe Construction

Sag-e negahbān (The 'e' links the noun to the attribute).

Pluralizing Compound Nouns

Sag-hā-ye negahbān (Pluralize the first noun).

Compound Verbs with 'Kardan'

Negahbāni kardan (To perform the act of guarding).

Object Marker 'Rā'

Man sag-e negahbān rā دیدم (I saw the guard dog).

Adjective Placement

Sag-e negahbān-e bozorg (Noun + Modifier 1 + Modifier 2).

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수준별 예문

این یک سگ نگهبان است.

This is a guard dog.

Simple 'Subject + Noun + Verb' structure.

سگ نگهبان بزرگ است.

The guard dog is big.

Adjective 'bozorg' follows the noun.

من سگ نگهبان را دوست دارم.

I like the guard dog.

Use of 'rā' as an object marker.

سگ نگهبان سیاه است.

The guard dog is black.

Color adjective usage.

آن سگ نگهبان کجاست؟

Where is that guard dog?

Interrogative 'kojāst'.

سگ نگهبان نان نمی‌خورد.

The guard dog does not eat bread.

Negative verb 'nemikhord'.

اسم سگ نگهبان چیست؟

What is the guard dog's name?

Possessive Ezafe between 'esm' and 'sag'.

سگ نگهبان در باغ است.

The guard dog is in the garden.

Preposition 'dar' (in).

سگ نگهبان شب‌ها بیدار است.

The guard dog is awake at nights.

Plural 'shab-hā' (nights).

ما برای خانه‌مان یک سگ نگهبان خریدیم.

We bought a guard dog for our house.

Past tense 'kharidim'.

سگ نگهبان خیلی بلند پارس می‌کند.

The guard dog barks very loudly.

Adverbial use of 'boland'.

آیا سگ نگهبان شما خطرناک است؟

Is your guard dog dangerous?

Adjective 'khatarnāk'.

سگ نگهبان از گوسفندان محافظت می‌کند.

The guard dog protects the sheep.

Verb 'mohāfezat kardan'.

او به سگ نگهبان غذا می‌دهد.

He gives food to the guard dog.

Compound verb 'ghazā dādan'.

سگ نگهبان نباید داخل خانه بیاید.

The guard dog should not come inside the house.

Modal verb 'nabāyad'.

این سگ نگهبان خیلی باهوش است.

This guard dog is very smart.

Adjective 'bāhush'.

اگر سگ نگهبان نبود، دزد وارد کارخانه می‌شد.

If the guard dog wasn't there, the thief would have entered the factory.

Conditional type 2.

سگ‌های نگهبان ایرانی در جهان معروف هستند.

Iranian guard dogs are famous in the world.

Plural Ezafe construction.

او سال‌هاست که به تربیت سگ نگهبان مشغول است.

He has been busy training guard dogs for years.

Present perfect continuous sense.

سگ نگهبان باید در طول روز استراحت کند تا شب هوشیار باشد.

The guard dog must rest during the day to be alert at night.

Subjunctive 'estrāhat konad'.

صدای سگ نگهبان باعث شد که همسایه‌ها بیدار شوند.

The sound of the guard dog caused the neighbors to wake up.

Causative structure 'bā'es shod'.

این سگ نگهبان به هیچ غریبه‌ای اجازه ورود نمی‌دهد.

This guard dog does not allow any stranger to enter.

Negative 'ejāze nadādan'.

قیمت یک سگ نگهبان اصیل بسیار بالاست.

The price of a purebred guard dog is very high.

Adjective 'asil' (purebred).

برای داشتن یک سگ نگهبان خوب، باید وقت زیادی صرف کرد.

To have a good guard dog, one must spend a lot of time.

Infinitive 'dāštan' as a gerund.

نقش سگ نگهبان در تامین امنیت مناطق روستایی غیرقابل انکار است.

The role of the guard dog in providing security in rural areas is undeniable.

Formal vocabulary like 'tāmin' and 'ghābel-e enkār'.

برخی معتقدند که سگ نگهبان نباید با بچه‌ها بازی کند.

Some believe that a guard dog should not play with children.

Reporting verb 'mo'taghedand'.

آموزش سگ نگهبان نیاز به تخصص و تجربه فراوان دارد.

Training a guard dog requires a lot of expertise and experience.

Abstract noun 'niyāz'.

سگ نگهبان با وفاداری خود، جان صاحبش را نجات داد.

The guard dog saved its owner's life with its loyalty.

Prepositional phrase 'bā vafādāri-ye khod'.

در این باغ، چندین سگ نگهبان از نژادهای مختلف وجود دارد.

In this garden, there are several guard dogs of different breeds.

Quantifier 'chandin'.

رفتار سگ نگهبان نسبت به صاحبش کاملاً متفاوت است.

The guard dog's behavior towards its owner is completely different.

Preposition 'nesbat be'.

باید از سلامت جسمانی سگ نگهبان اطمینان حاصل کرد.

One must ensure the physical health of the guard dog.

Formal phrase 'etminān hāsel kardan'.

سگ نگهبان در مواجهه با خطر، ترسی از خود نشان نمی‌دهد.

The guard dog shows no fear when facing danger.

Complex preposition 'dar movājehe bā'.

غریزه سگ نگهبان برای صیانت از قلمرو، ریشه در تکامل این حیوان دارد.

The guard dog's instinct to protect its territory is rooted in the animal's evolution.

Academic vocabulary: 'gharizeh', 'siyānat', 'takāmol'.

استفاده از سگ نگهبان در مجتمع‌های مسکونی با چالش‌های حقوقی همراه است.

Using guard dogs in residential complexes is accompanied by legal challenges.

Passive-like structure 'hamrāh ast'.

سگ نگهبان فراتر از یک ابزار امنیتی، بخشی از تاریخ کشاورزی ماست.

A guard dog is more than just a security tool; it is part of our agricultural history.

Comparative 'farātar az'.

تمایز بین سگ نگهبان و سگ تهاجمی در کنترل پذیری آن‌ها نهفته است.

The distinction between a guard dog and an aggressive dog lies in their controllability.

Formal verb 'nahofte ast'.

برخی نژادهای سگ نگهبان به دلیل قدرت بدنی فوق‌العاده، نیازمند مهار دقیق هستند.

Some guard dog breeds require precise restraint due to their extraordinary physical strength.

Causal 'be dalil-e'.

پارس‌های ممتد سگ نگهبان در سکوت شب، طنین‌انداز کوهستان بود.

The continuous barks of the guard dog in the silence of the night echoed through the mountains.

Literary style: 'momtad', 'tanin-andāz'.

روانشناسی سگ نگهبان نشان‌دهنده پیوند عمیق میان انسان و سگ است.

The psychology of the guard dog indicates the deep bond between humans and dogs.

Abstract noun 'ravānšenāsi'.

حتی یک سگ نگهبان باتجربه نیز ممکن است در برابر فریب دزدان آسیب‌پذیر باشد.

Even an experienced guard dog might be vulnerable to the deception of thieves.

Concessive 'hattā... niz'.

تحلیل هرمنوتیک حضور سگ نگهبان در ادبیات کلاسیک، لایه‌های پنهانی از مفهوم وفاداری را آشکار می‌سازد.

A hermeneutic analysis of the guard dog's presence in classical literature reveals hidden layers of the concept of loyalty.

Highly academic and philosophical register.

پارادایم‌های نوین در امنیت هوشمند، سگ نگهبان را به عنوان یک مکمل بیولوژیک در کنار سیستم‌های نظارتی می‌بینند.

New paradigms in smart security see the guard dog as a biological supplement alongside surveillance systems.

Technical jargon: 'paradigm', 'biologic', 'nezārati'.

تقابل میان طبیعت وحشی و تربیت اهلی در کالبد سگ نگهبان به وضوح تجلی یافته است.

The contrast between wild nature and domestic training is clearly manifested in the form of the guard dog.

Philosophical phrasing: 'taghābol', 'tajalli'.

سیاست‌های شهرداری در قبال نگهداری سگ نگهبان، بازتابی از تغییرات فرهنگی در جامعه شهری است.

Municipal policies regarding the keeping of guard dogs are a reflection of cultural changes in urban society.

Sociopolitical vocabulary.

ژنتیک سگ نگهبان ایرانی، گنجینه‌ای از مقاومت در برابر شرایط سخت اقلیمی است.

The genetics of the Iranian guard dog is a treasure trove of resistance against harsh climatic conditions.

Scientific metaphor.

در متون کهن، سگ نگهبان استعاره‌ای از نفس هوشیاری است که از مرزهای آگاهی صیانت می‌کند.

In ancient texts, the guard dog is a metaphor for the vigilant self that protects the boundaries of consciousness.

Metaphorical and mystical register.

بهره‌وری سگ نگهبان در عملیات‌های جستجو و نجات، مرهون شامه قوی و آموزش‌های مستمر است.

The productivity of the guard dog in search and rescue operations is due to its strong sense of smell and continuous training.

Formal causal 'marhun-e'.

چالش‌های اخلاقی پیرامون اصلاح نژاد سگ نگهبان، نیازمند تدوین پروتکل‌های بین‌المللی است.

Ethical challenges surrounding the breeding of guard dogs require the formulation of international protocols.

Global/Legal register.

자주 쓰는 조합

تربیت سگ نگهبان

پارس سگ نگهبان

خرید سگ نگهبان

سگ نگهبان اصیل

غذای سگ نگهبان

قلاده سگ نگهبان

سگ نگهبان وحشی

سگ نگهبان وفادار

زنجیر سگ نگهبان

لانه سگ نگهبان

자주 쓰는 구문

مواظب سگ نگهبان باش

— Beware of the guard dog. Used to warn someone entering a property.

وقتی وارد باغ می‌شوی، مواظب سگ نگهبان باش.

سگ نگهبان داشتن

— To own a guard dog. A common status or security indicator.

داشتن سگ نگهبان در این منطقه الزامی است.

مثل سگ نگهبان

— Like a guard dog. Used to describe someone very vigilant.

او مثل سگ نگهبان از کیفش مراقبت می‌کند.

صدای سگ نگهبان

— The sound of a guard dog. Often used in storytelling.

صدای سگ نگهبان از دور شنیده می‌شد.

سگ نگهبان تربیت کردن

— To train a guard dog. Refers to the professional process.

او می‌خواهد سگ نگهبان تربیت کند.

سگ نگهبان رها کردن

— To let the guard dog loose. Usually a threat or security measure.

شب‌ها سگ نگهبان را در حیاط رها می‌کنند.

سگ نگهبان بستن

— To tie up the guard dog. Done when guests arrive.

لطفاً سگ نگهبان را ببندید تا ما بیاییم.

سگ نگهبان فروختن

— To sell a guard dog. Common in classified ads.

او در کار خرید و فروش سگ نگهبان است.

سگ نگهبان پیر

— An old guard dog. Often implies it's no longer effective.

این سگ نگهبان پیر دیگر نمی‌تواند پارس کند.

سگ نگهبان جوان

— A young guard dog. Implies energy and need for training.

سگ نگهبان جوان ما خیلی پرانرژی است.

자주 혼동되는 단어

سگ نگهبان vs سگ گله

A sheepdog. While it guards, its primary role is with livestock, whereas a sag-e negahbān can guard anything.

سگ نگهبان vs نگهبان سگ

This means 'the guard of the dog' (a person guarding a dog). The order of words is crucial.

سگ نگهبان vs سگ خانگی

A pet dog. A guard dog is usually kept outside and has a job, while a pet is for company.

관용어 및 표현

"سگ زرد برادر شغال است"

— The yellow dog is the brother of the jackal. Used when two bad things/people are the same.

فرقی نمی‌کند کدام رئیس شود، سگ زرد برادر شغال است.

Informal

"مثل سگ پشیمان شدن"

— To regret something like a dog (very much).

بعد از آن دعوا، مثل سگ پشیمان شد.

Slang

"سگ صاحبش را نمی‌شناسد"

— The dog doesn't recognize its owner. Used to describe a very chaotic situation.

توی بازار آنقدر شلوغ بود که سگ صاحبش را نمی‌شناخت.

Informal

"پا روی دم سگ گذاشتن"

— To step on a dog's tail. Meaning to provoke someone dangerous.

با او بحث نکن، پا روی دم سگ نگذار.

Informal

"سگ دو زدن"

— To run like a dog. Meaning to work very hard or run around fruitlessly.

تمام روز برای گرفتن وام سگ دو زدم.

Slang

"اخلاق سگی"

— Dog-like temper. Meaning to have a very bad or aggressive mood.

امروز مدیر اخلاق سگی دارد، نزدیکش نشو.

Informal

"سگ خور کردن"

— To let the dog eat it. Meaning to misappropriate or waste something.

پول‌ها را سگ خور کردند و رفتند.

Slang

"مثل سگ و گربه"

— Like cats and dogs. Meaning to fight constantly.

آن دو برادر مثل سگ و گربه هستند.

Neutral

"صدای سگ دادن"

— To make a dog's sound. Used when someone is shouting or barking orders rudely.

چرا سر من صدای سگ می‌دهی؟

Slang

"سگ لرز زدن"

— To shiver like a dog. Meaning to be extremely cold.

توی برف مانده بودیم و سگ لرز می‌زدیم.

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

سگ نگهبان vs پاسبان

Both mean guard.

Pāsbān is more formal and often refers to a human police officer in older Persian.

پاسبان در خیابان گشت می‌زند.

سگ نگهبان vs نگهدار

Both come from 'negah dāštan'.

Negahdār means 'holder' or 'preserver', not necessarily a guard.

خدا نگهدار شما باشد.

سگ نگهبان vs بپا

Both mean someone who watches.

Bepa is very informal, like 'lookout' or 'watch out'.

یک بپا سر کوچه بگذار.

سگ نگهبان vs مراقب

Means someone who takes care or watches.

Morāghebi is more about 'taking care' or 'supervising' (like an exam proctor).

مراقب امتحان خیلی سخت‌گیر بود.

سگ نگهبان vs حامی

Means protector.

Hāmi is a supporter or advocate (like a legal or financial supporter).

او حامی حقوق حیوانات است.

문장 패턴

In [Noun] ast.

In sag-e negahbān ast.

[Noun] dārad [Verb].

Sag-e negahbān dārad pārs mikonad.

Barāye [Purpose], [Noun] lāzem ast.

Barāye amniyat-e bāgh, sag-e negahbān lāzem ast.

Agar [Condition], [Noun] [Verb].

Agar dozd biāyad, sag-e negahbān hamle mikonad.

[Noun] be onvān-e [Role] amal mikonad.

Sag-e negahbān be onvān-e mohāfez-e gherd amal mikonad.

Mafhum-e [Abstract] dar [Noun] tajalli yāfte ast.

Mafhum-e vafādāri dar sag-e negahbān tajalli yāfte ast.

In [Noun] az [Source] mohāfezat mikonad.

In sag-e negahbān az khāne mohāfezat mikonad.

Man [Noun] rā [Verb].

Man sag-e negahbān rā mibinam.

어휘 가족

명사

سگ (Dog)

نگهبان (Guardian)

نگهبانی (Guarding/Watch)

سگ‌سانان (Canines)

동사

نگهبانی کردن (To guard)

نگه داشتن (To keep/hold)

نگاه کردن (To look)

형용사

نگهبان (As an adjective: guarding)

سگی (Dog-like/Aggressive)

사용법

frequency

Common in rural, industrial, and villa-related contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Sag negahbān → Sag-e negahbān
Missing the Ezafe link. In Persian, nouns and their descriptors must be linked by the 'e' sound.
Negahbān-e sag → Sag-e negahbān
Reversing the words. 'Negahbān-e sag' means a human who is guarding a dog.
Sag-e negahbānhā → Sag-hā-ye negahbān
Incorrect pluralization. The plural marker should be on the primary noun (sag).
Sag-e negahbān rā pārs mikonad → Sag-e negahbān pārs mikonad
Using 'rā' with an intransitive verb. 'Barking' doesn't take a direct object in this way.
Sag-e negahbān barāye bāgh negāh mikonad → Sag-e negahbān az bāgh negahbāni mikonad
Using 'negāh kardan' (to look) instead of 'negahbāni kardan' (to guard).

팁

Master the Ezafe

Don't skip the short 'e' sound. It's the difference between 'dog guard' and 'guard dog'. Spend time practicing the flow of 'Sag-e-Negahbān'.

Learn the breeds

Knowing the word 'Sarabi' will impress native speakers when talking about guard dogs, as it shows cultural knowledge.

Respect the role

In Iran, guard dogs are respected workers. Avoid treating them like cuddly pets in rural areas; they are there to do a job.

The 'H' sound

The 'h' in 'negahbān' is often soft. Practice breathing out slightly when you reach that letter to sound more natural.

Plural placement

Always put '-hā' on 'sag'. Writing 'sag-e negahbānhā' is a common mistake for learners.

Context clues

If you hear 'bāgh' (garden) and 'sag' in the same sentence, it's almost certainly a 'sag-e negahbān'.

Warning signs

Learn to read 'مواظب سگ باشید'. It's a vital safety tip when traveling in rural Iran.

Negah = Look

Remember that 'negah' means 'look'. A guard dog is a 'looking dog'.

Long Vowels

The 'ā' in 'bān' is long. Make sure it doesn't sound like the short 'a' in 'cat'.

Compound Verbs

Practice using 'negahbāni kardan' with the dog as the subject to get used to Persian sentence order.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Sag' (sounds like 'sagging' under weight) 'Negahbān' (sounds like 'never-ban'). A heavy dog that will 'never ban' its owner but will ban intruders.

시각적 연상

Visualize a giant Sarabi dog standing in front of a Persian garden gate with a 'Negah' (look) in its eyes.

Word Web

Sag (Dog) Negahbān (Guard) Bāgh (Garden) Amniyat (Security) Pārs (Bark) Zanjir (Chain) Vafādār (Loyal) Dozd (Thief)

챌린지

Try to use 'sag-e negahbān' in three sentences today: one about a garden, one about a thief, and one about a big dog.

어원

The word 'Sag' comes from Old Persian 'spaka', related to Sanskrit 'svaka'. 'Negahbān' is a Middle Persian (Pahlavi) construction 'nigāhbān'.

원래 의미: 'Sag' meant dog. 'Negahbān' meant 'one who keeps sight' or 'protector of the view'.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

문화적 맥락

Be aware that calling a person a 'sag' (dog) is a very strong insult in Persian, even if you mean they are protective like a 'negahbān'.

In English, we say 'Guard Dog'. The Persian structure is identical, making it easy for English speakers once they learn the two words.

The Sarabi dog, often called the Persian Mastiff, is the most famous breed of sag-e negahbān. In Sadegh Hedayat's 'The Stray Dog' (Sag-e Velgard), the concept of a dog's loyalty and suffering is explored. Traditional Persian architecture often included a 'lāne-ye sag' (dog house) near the entrance of large estates.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At a farm/garden

آیا سگ نگهبان زنجیر شده است؟
سگ نگهبان کجای باغ است؟
غذای سگ نگهبان را دادی؟
سگ نگهبان به غریبه‌ها حساس است.

Security discussions

ما به دو سگ نگهبان نیاز داریم.
سیستم امنیتی شامل سگ نگهبان هم می‌شود.
سگ نگهبان باید شب‌ها گشت بزند.
هزینه نگهداری سگ نگهبان چقدر است؟

Buying/Selling animals

این سگ نگهبان از چه نژادی است؟
آیا این سگ نگهبان آموزش دیده است؟
قیمت این سگ نگهبان چند است؟
سن سگ نگهبان چقدر است؟

In a village

مواظب باش، سگ نگهبان رهاست.
سگ نگهبان چوپان خیلی بزرگ است.
صدای سگ نگهبان دیشب نیامد.
سگ نگهبان گرگ را فراری داد.

Legal/Social

نگهداری سگ نگهبان در این منطقه مجاز است؟
همسایه‌ها از صدای سگ نگهبان شکایت دارند.
سگ نگهبان باید واکسن زده باشد.
مسئولیت سگ نگهبان با صاحب آن است.

대화 시작하기

"آیا تا به حال یک سگ نگهبان بزرگ از نزدیک دیده‌اید؟ (Have you ever seen a big guard dog up close?)"

"به نظر شما بهترین نژاد برای سگ نگهبان چیست؟ (In your opinion, what is the best breed for a guard dog?)"

"آیا داشتن سگ نگهبان برای یک خانه ویلایی ضروری است؟ (Is having a guard dog necessary for a villa?)"

"در کشور شما، مردم چگونه سگ‌های نگهبان را تربیت می‌کنند؟ (In your country, how do people train guard dogs?)"

"آیا ترجیح می‌دهید سگ نگهبان داشته باشید یا سیستم دزدگیر؟ (Do you prefer to have a guard dog or an alarm system?)"

일기 주제

درباره وفاداری سگ نگهبان و نقشی که در زندگی روستایی دارد یک متن کوتاه بنویسید. (Write a short text about the loyalty of a guard dog and its role in rural life.)

تفاوت‌های بین یک سگ خانگی و یک سگ نگهبان را از نظر رفتار و وظایف توضیح دهید. (Explain the differences between a pet dog and a guard dog in terms of behavior and duties.)

تصور کنید یک سگ نگهبان هستید؛ یک روز از زندگی خود را توصیف کنید. (Imagine you are a guard dog; describe one day of your life.)

آیا استفاده از سگ برای امنیت در دنیای مدرن امروز هنوز کاربرد دارد؟ نظر خود را بنویسید. (Is using dogs for security still useful in today's modern world? Write your opinion.)

خاطره‌ای از برخورد با یک سگ نگهبان (ترسناک یا جالب) بنویسید. (Write a memory of encountering a guard dog, whether scary or interesting.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Usually, yes. In Persian context, a guard dog is expected to be physically imposing to deter intruders. Small dogs might be called 'sag-e khabar-de' (informer dog) if they only bark but can't physically guard.

You say 'Movarzeb-e sag-e negahbān bāšid' or simply 'Khatar-e sag' (Danger of dog).

Yes, 'negahbān' is the standard word for a human security guard or watchman.

It can be, but the term specifically highlights its job. If it lives inside and sleeps on the sofa, most Iranians would call it a 'sag-e khānegi'.

The Sarabi (Persian Mastiff) is the most famous, followed by the Ghahderijani and the Kurdish Mastiff (Pshdar).

It is neutral. It can be used in a newspaper, a legal document, or a casual conversation.

The plural is 'sag-hā-ye negahbān'. You add the plural suffix to the first noun 'sag'.

The most common compound verb is 'negahbāni kardan' or 'mohāfezat kardan'.

That is the Ezafe, a grammatical link in Persian used to connect a noun with its attributes or possessors.

No, it is a descriptive term for an animal. However, calling a person 'sag' (dog) is very offensive.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기