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تعطیل کردن

B2 verb 8분 분량

تعطیل کردن

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 تعطیل کردن 30초 만에

설명 تعطیل کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'تعطیل کردن' (ta'til kardan) means 'to close' a place like a school or a shop. In Iran, Friday is the day when everything is closed. You might say 'Friday, the school is closed' (جمعه مدرسه تعطیل است). Notice we use 'is' (است) for the state. 'تعطیل کردن' is the action. For example, 'The shopkeeper closes the shop' (مغازه‌دار مغازه را تعطیل می‌کند). It is a very useful word because it helps you understand when you can go to a place or when it is a holiday. Just remember: don't use it for doors or windows! For those, use 'بستن' (bastan). Think of 'ta'til' as 'holiday time'. When a place 'ta'til's, it is having a holiday or a break.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'تعطیل کردن' in more complete sentences and in different tenses. You can talk about the past: 'Yesterday, they closed the park' (دیروز پارک را تعطیل کردند). You also learn that this verb is a 'compound verb'. This means it has two parts: 'تعطیل' and 'کردن'. When you conjugate it, only the 'کردن' part changes. You can use it to talk about plans, like 'We want to close the office early' (می‌خواهیم اداره را زود تعطیل کنیم). It is also important to know the noun 'تعطیلات' (holidays). In A2, you can start to explain *why* something is closed, using 'به خاطرِ' (because of). For example, 'They closed the school because of snow' (مدرسه را به خاطر برف تعطیل کردند).

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'تعطیل کردن' in various social and professional contexts. You will encounter it often in news about public holidays or emergency closures. You should also understand the passive form, 'تعطیل شدن' (to be closed). For example, 'Many businesses were closed during the pandemic' (بسیاری از کسب و کارها در زمان پاندمی تعطیل شدند). At this level, you can also use it for small projects or meetings: 'Let's close the meeting now' (بیایید جلسه را تعطیل کنیم). You are also starting to see it in more idiomatic ways, like 'تعطیل کردنِ فکر' (to stop thinking/to shut down one's mind). You should be able to distinguish between a temporary closure and a permanent one based on the context of the conversation.

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At the B2 level, 'تعطیل کردن' is used with nuance regarding business, economics, and official government decrees. You will hear it in discussions about 'واحدهای تولیدی' (production units) or 'کارخانه‌ها' (factories) shutting down due to 'رکود اقتصادی' (economic recession). You should understand its use in legal contexts, such as when a court 'تعطیل می‌کند' an illegal operation. At this level, you should also be familiar with synonyms like 'متوقف کردن' (to halt) or 'منحل کردن' (to dissolve) and know when 'تعطیل کردن' is the more appropriate choice. You can use it to discuss complex social issues, such as the impact of 'تعطیل کردن' schools on working parents. Your mastery should include using the verb in conditional sentences and complex grammatical structures.

At the C1 level, you use 'تعطیل کردن' to discuss policy, systemic changes, and abstract philosophical closures. You might analyze the government's decision to 'تعطیل کردن' certain newspapers or media outlets, involving discussions of 'آزادی بیان' (freedom of speech). You can use the verb metaphorically in literature or high-level debate, such as 'تعطیل کردنِ عقل و منطق' (the suspension of reason and logic) in certain ideologies. You understand the historical etymology from the Arabic root 'عطل' and how it relates to concepts of 'idleness' in classical Persian poetry. You are expected to use the verb with precise adverbs and in formal written reports, distinguishing between 'تعطیلِ دائم' (permanent closure) and 'تعطیلِ موقت' (temporary suspension) with ease.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'تعطیل کردن' and all its subtle implications. You can interpret the verb within the context of 'فقه' (Islamic jurisprudence) or 'حقوق' (law) where 'تعطیل' might refer to the suspension of a specific law or religious practice under certain conditions (ثانویه). You can use it in sophisticated wordplay or irony in political commentary. You understand how the word has evolved in the modern Iranian lexicon to signify not just a physical closure but a systemic failure or a deliberate strike (اعتصاب). Your usage is flawless across all registers, from street slang where someone might be called 'تعطیل' (meaning they are 'clueless' or 'slow-witted') to the highest levels of academic and political discourse.

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تعطیل کردن 30초 만에

Used for shutting down businesses, schools, or offices.
A compound verb: 'ta'til' (closed) + 'kardan' (to do).
Can mean a temporary holiday or a permanent closure.
Distinct from 'bastan' (to close a door/window).

The Persian verb تعطیل کردن (ta'til kardan) is a compound verb that carries significant weight in both daily conversation and formal business contexts. At its core, it refers to the act of ceasing an activity, shutting down an operation, or closing a facility. While the English word 'close' can refer to a physical door, تعطیل کردن specifically targets the function or the 'life' of an institution or event. Whether it is a school closing for a snow day, a factory shutting down due to economic hardship, or a shop owner deciding to retire and end their business, this verb is the primary vehicle for expressing that cessation. The word 'Ta'til' itself originates from Arabic, meaning 'empty' or 'idle,' which perfectly illustrates the state of something once it has been subjected to this action.

Business Context: When a company goes bankrupt or decides to move operations, they 'تعطیل می‌کنند'. It implies a formal and often final stop to business activities.

Educational Context: In Iran, if there is heavy pollution or snow, the government might 'تعطیل کند' schools. Here, it is temporary but total for that duration.

دولت به دلیل آلودگی هوا، تمام ادارات را تعطیل کرد.

The versatility of this verb allows it to be used in social settings as well. If a group of friends is working on a project and they decide to call it a night, someone might say 'بیایید کار را تعطیل کنیم' (Let's stop/close the work). This doesn't mean the project is over forever, but that the current operation is being suspended. Understanding the nuance between a temporary closure and a permanent shutdown often depends on the context or the addition of adverbs like 'برای همیشه' (forever) or 'موقت' (temporary). In the modern Iranian economy, unfortunately, one hears this phrase often in news reports regarding 'واحدهای تولیدی' (production units) that are struggling. It carries a sense of gravity that the simple verb 'بستن' (to close) sometimes lacks.

آن‌ها مجبور شدند کارخانه را به خاطر بدهی تعطیل کنند.

Furthermore, the verb can extend to abstract concepts. If someone is being too serious, a friend might jokingly say 'منطق را تعطیل کردی؟' (Have you shut down your logic?), implying the person is not thinking clearly. This metaphorical use highlights how 'ta'til kardan' implies the cessation of a specific function. In legal terms, 'پلمب کردن' (sealing) is a specific type of 'تعطیل کردن' performed by authorities. When you learn this verb, you are learning how to describe the pauses and endings of the organized world around you, from the smallest kiosk to the largest government ministry.

Using تعطیل کردن correctly requires understanding its structure as a compound verb. It consists of the noun/adjective 'تعطیل' (closed/holiday) and the auxiliary verb 'کردن' (to do/make). In Persian grammar, the auxiliary verb carries the conjugation, while 'تعطیل' remains static. For example, in the past tense, you would say 'تعطیل کردم' (I closed/shut down), and in the future, 'تعطیل خواهم کرد'. Because it is a transitive verb, it usually takes a direct object, often marked by the postposition 'را'.

Direct Object Usage: When you shut something down, that 'something' is the object. 'مغازه را تعطیل کرد' (He closed the shop).

مدیر مدرسه تصمیم گرفت کلاس‌ها را تعطیل کند.

One interesting aspect of this verb is how it interacts with the concept of 'holidays'. While 'تعطیلات' means holidays, 'تعطیل کردن' is the action of initiating that holiday or closure. If the government announces a public holiday, they use this verb. In passive constructions, you would swap 'کردن' with 'شدن' (to become), resulting in 'تعطیل شدن' (to be closed/shut down). This is very common in news headlines where the focus is on the institution being closed rather than who closed it: 'دانشگاه‌ها تعطیل شدند' (Universities were closed).

آیا فردا به خاطر عید، بازار را تعطیل می‌کنند؟

In more advanced usage, you might see it paired with 'کامل' (complete) or 'موقت' (temporary). For instance, 'تعطیل کردن کامل پروژه' (complete shutdown of the project). It's also important to note the negative form: 'تعطیل نکردن'. In a sentence like 'با وجود برف، مدرسه را تعطیل نکردند' (Despite the snow, they did not close the school), the verb shows the decision to maintain operations. Mastering this verb allows you to navigate discussions about schedules, economic news, and administrative decisions effectively.

In contemporary Iran, you will hear تعطیل کردن in several distinct environments. The most frequent is perhaps the evening news or social media updates during the winter or mid-summer. Due to extreme weather conditions—be it heavy snowfall in Tehran or intense heatwaves in the south—the phrase 'کمیته اضطرار ادارات را تعطیل کرد' (The emergency committee closed the offices) is a staple of Iranian life. This isn't just about weather; 'pollution holidays' are a unique phenomenon in major Persian cities where the air quality becomes so poor that the government must 'تعطیل کند' all non-essential services.

News & Economics: News anchors frequently report on 'واحدهای صنعتی تعطیل شده' (shut down industrial units), discussing the impact of sanctions or inflation.

اخبار گفت که فردا را به خاطر گرمای شدید تعطیل کرده‌اند.

Another common place is the bazaar or shopping districts. If a shop is undergoing renovations or the owner is away on a pilgrimage, a sign might read 'تا اطلاع ثانوی تعطیل است' (Closed until further notice). However, the active form 'تعطیل کردن' is what neighbors would say to each other: 'شنیدی آقای احمدی مغازه‌اش را تعطیل کرد؟' (Did you hear Mr. Ahmadi closed his shop?). This implies he didn't just lock the door for the night, but perhaps ended the business entirely or for a significant period. In the workplace, a manager might say, 'جمعه‌ها کارگاه را تعطیل می‌کنیم' (We shut down the workshop on Fridays), establishing a routine.

بسیاری از رستوران‌ها در ماه رمضان ناهار را تعطیل می‌کنند.

Finally, in the world of sports or events, if a tournament is cancelled or a club is disbanded, 'تعطیل کردن' is the go-to verb. If a famous football club can no longer pay its players, the headlines will scream 'باشگاه تعطیل شد!' (The club was shut down!). It conveys a sense of finality and institutional cessation that is vital for understanding the flow of public and private life in Persian-speaking societies.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is the confusion between تعطیل کردن and بستن (bastan). In English, 'to close' covers both 'closing a door' and 'closing a business'. In Persian, these are strictly separated. You cannot 'تعطیل کردن' a window or a book; you must 'بستن' them. Conversely, while you can say 'مغازه را بست' (He closed the shop), using 'تعطیل کرد' suggests a much more formal or long-term cessation of business. Using 'بستن' for a school holiday would sound very strange and physically impossible.

The 'Door' Mistake: Wrong: در را تعطیل کن (Close the door). Correct: در را ببند.

اشتباه: کتابت را تعطیل کن! (Wrong: Shut down your book!)

Another common mistake involves the misuse of 'تعطیل' as a standalone verb. Remember, it is a compound verb. You cannot simply say 'من کار را تعطیل'—you must include the conjugated form of 'کردن'. Additionally, learners often confuse 'تعطیل کردن' (active: to close something) with 'تعطیل بودن' (state: to be closed). If you say 'مغازه تعطیل کرد', you are saying the shop itself closed something else. You likely mean 'مغازه تعطیل است' (The shop is closed) or 'صاحب مغازه، مغازه را تعطیل کرد' (The owner closed the shop).

درست: امروز بانک تعطیل است. (Correct: Today the bank is closed.)

Lastly, beware of the difference between 'تعطیل کردن' and 'مرخصی گرفتن' (taking a leave/vacation). If an individual worker takes a day off, they don't 'تعطیل می‌کنند' the office (unless they are the boss and they literally shut it down); they 'مرخصی می‌گیرند'. Using 'تعطیل کردن' for personal time off is a common semantic error that can lead to confusion about whether the entire business is closed or just one person is absent.

To enrich your Persian vocabulary, it's helpful to compare تعطیل کردن with its synonyms and related terms. While 'تعطیل کردن' is the most general term for shutting down, other verbs provide more specific nuances. For instance, متوقف کردن (motavaqqef kardan) means 'to stop' or 'to halt'. This is often used for processes, machinery, or projects that are paused mid-way. Unlike 'تعطیل کردن', it doesn't necessarily imply a holiday or a formal closure of a building, but rather the cessation of motion or progress.

Comparison: تعطیل کردن vs. متوقف کردن: 'تعطیل کردن' is for institutions (schools, shops); 'متوقف کردن' is for actions (production, movement).

پلیس ماشین را متوقف کرد (The police stopped the car).

Another alternative is منحل کردن (monhal kardan), which means 'to dissolve' or 'to disband'. This is specifically used for organizations, committees, or political parties. If a company is not just 'closed' (تعطیل) but its legal entity is destroyed, 'منحل کردن' is the correct term. Similarly, برچیدن (barchidan) means 'to pack up' or 'to dismantle'. You might hear this when a street market or a temporary camp is being cleared away. It implies a physical removal of the setup.

آن‌ها بساطشان را از خیابان برچیدند.

Lastly, in very formal or literary contexts, you might encounter موقوف کردن (mowquf kardan), which means 'to suspend' or 'to cease'. This is often used in legal or administrative documents. Understanding these distinctions helps you choose the right word for the right level of formality and the specific type of 'closing' you wish to describe. While 'تعطیل کردن' is your reliable 'all-purpose' verb for closures, knowing 'منحل کردن' or 'پلمب کردن' will make your Persian sound much more professional and precise.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The root is also related to 'mu'attal', which in Persian means 'delayed' or 'kept waiting'. So if you are 'mu'attal', you are basically being 'ta'til-ed' in your progress!

발음 가이드

UK /tæʔtiːl kæɾdæn/

US /tæʔtiːl kæɾdæn/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of the first word: ta-TIL kardan.

라임이 맞는 단어

تحلیل کردن (tahlil kardan) تجلیل کردن (tajlil kardan) تبدیل کردن (tabdil kardan) تعدیل کردن (ta'dil kardan) تکلیل کردن (taklil kardan) تسهیل کردن (tashil kardan) تحصیل کردن (tahsil kardan) تکمیل کردن (takmil kardan)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'ta'til' as 'tatil' without the glottal stop (though common in fast speech).
Stress on 'kar' instead of 'til'.
Confusing the vowel 'a' in 'kardan' with 'o'.
Failing to aspirate the 't' in 'ta'til'.
Mixing up the 'i' sound with a short 'e'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize in headlines.

쓰기 4/5

Compound verb conjugation requires practice.

말하기 4/5

Must distinguish from 'bastan'.

듣기 3/5

Clear pronunciation usually.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

کردن بستن مدرسه مغازه جمعه

다음에 배울 것

مرخصی توقف منحل پلمب

고급

تعطیل‌بردار وقفه استراحت

알아야 할 문법

Compound Verb Conjugation

فقط 'کردن' صرف می‌شود: تعطیل می‌کنم، تعطیل کردی.

Passive Construction

استفاده از 'شدن': مدرسه تعطیل شد.

Direct Object Marker 'ra'

مغازه را تعطیل کرد.

Subjunctive Mood

می‌خواهم شرکت را تعطیل کنم.

Causative structures

باعث شد تعطیل کنند.

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수준별 예문

امروز مدرسه تعطیل است.

Today the school is closed.

Uses 'بودن' to describe the state.

او مغازه را تعطیل کرد.

He closed the shop.

Simple past of a compound verb.

جمعه‌ها بازار تعطیل است.

The bazaar is closed on Fridays.

Habitual state.

آیا فردا را تعطیل می‌کنند؟

Are they making tomorrow a holiday?

Third person plural used for 'the authorities'.

من کار را تعطیل کردم.

I stopped/closed the work.

Subject-Object-Verb order.

مدرسه تعطیل شد.

The school was closed.

Passive form using 'شدن'.

نانوایی تعطیل است.

The bakery is closed.

Simple present state.

آن‌ها رستوران را تعطیل کردند.

They closed the restaurant.

Compound verb in past tense.

به خاطر برف، همه جا را تعطیل کردند.

Because of snow, they closed everywhere.

Using 'به خاطر' for reason.

ما می‌خواهیم فردا شرکت را تعطیل کنیم.

We want to close the company tomorrow.

Present subjunctive with 'want'.

چرا مغازه‌ات را تعطیل کردی؟

Why did you close your shop?

Question form.

او قصد دارد کارش را تعطیل کند.

He intends to shut down his work.

Compound verb with 'intent'.

بانک‌ها ساعت دو تعطیل می‌کنند.

Banks close at two o'clock.

Intransitive-like use for scheduled times.

آن‌ها به زودی کارخانه را تعطیل خواهند کرد.

They will close the factory soon.

Future tense.

باید این پروژه را تعطیل کنیم.

We must shut down this project.

Modal verb 'must' with subjunctive.

دولت روز شنبه را تعطیل اعلام کرد.

The government declared Saturday a holiday.

Formal compound structure.

بسیاری از سینماها به دلیل کمبود بودجه تعطیل شدند.

Many cinemas were closed due to budget shortages.

Passive voice in past tense.

اگر باران ببارد، مسابقات را تعطیل می‌کنند.

If it rains, they will cancel/close the matches.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

او بعد از سی سال کار، مغازه‌اش را برای همیشه تعطیل کرد.

After thirty years of work, he closed his shop forever.

Adverbial phrase 'for forever'.

مدیر شرکت تصمیم به تعطیل کردن بخش فروش گرفت.

The company manager decided to shut down the sales department.

Gerund-like use of 'ta'til kardan'.

آلودگی هوا باعث شد ادارات را تعطیل کنند.

Air pollution caused them to close the offices.

Causative structure.

نمی‌توانیم به این راحتی کارگاه را تعطیل کنیم.

We cannot shut down the workshop so easily.

Negative modal.

او به شوخی گفت مغزش را تعطیل کرده است.

He jokingly said he has shut down his brain.

Metaphorical use in reported speech.

تعطیل کردن این مرکز اشتباه بزرگی بود.

Shutting down this center was a big mistake.

Verb as a subject (infinitive/gerund).

شهرداری به دلیل تخلفات ساختمانی، کارگاه را تعطیل کرد.

The municipality closed the workshop due to construction violations.

Formal vocabulary (violations, municipality).

رکود اقتصادی باعث تعطیل کردن بسیاری از واحدهای تولیدی شد.

The economic recession caused the shutdown of many production units.

Noun phrase construction.

آن‌ها مجبور شدند به طور موقت فعالیت خود را تعطیل کنند.

They were forced to temporarily shut down their activities.

Formal adverb 'to be forced'.

دولت سعی دارد از تعطیل کردن کارخانه‌های کوچک جلوگیری کند.

The government is trying to prevent the shutdown of small factories.

Complex verb 'prevent' with infinitive.

در پی اعتراضات، بازار تهران برای ساعاتی تعطیل شد.

Following the protests, the Tehran bazaar was closed for a few hours.

Prepositional phrase 'in the wake of'.

وزارتخانه اعلام کرد که هیچ مدرسه‌ای نباید خودسرانه تعطیل کند.

The ministry announced that no school should close arbitrarily.

Negative indefinite subject.

این شرکت به دلیل بدهی‌های مالی توسط دادگاه تعطیل گردید.

This company was shut down by the court due to financial debts.

Formal passive using 'گردیدن'.

تعطیل کردن پروژه‌های عمرانی به ضرر اقتصاد کشور است.

Shutting down development projects is detrimental to the country's economy.

Abstract economic discussion.

تعطیل کردن مطبوعات منتقد، ضربه بزرگی به دموکراسی است.

Shutting down the critical press is a major blow to democracy.

Political/Academic register.

او با تعطیل کردن قوه عقل، خود را تسلیم تعصبات کرد.

By shutting down his power of reason, he surrendered himself to prejudices.

Metaphorical/Philosophical use.

سیاست‌های غلط باعث شد که بخش کشاورزی عملاً تعطیل شود.

Wrong policies caused the agricultural sector to practically shut down.

Adverb 'practically' (amalan).

شورای امنیت می‌تواند فعالیت‌های هسته‌ای را تعطیل کند.

The Security Council can shut down nuclear activities.

International relations context.

بحران انرژی ممکن است صنایع سنگین را به تعطیل کردن بکشاند.

The energy crisis might lead heavy industries to shut down.

Idiomatic 'lead to' (be keshanad).

تعطیل کردنِ بدون برنامه واحدهای صنفی، هرج و مرج ایجاد می‌کند.

Shutting down trade units without a plan creates chaos.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

قانون‌گذار حق دارد در شرایط اضطراری، پارلمان را تعطیل کند.

The legislator has the right to close the parliament in emergency conditions.

Legal terminology.

او تمام فعالیت‌های هنری‌اش را به نشانه اعتراض تعطیل کرد.

He shut down all his artistic activities as a sign of protest.

Prepositional phrase 'as a sign of'.

تعطیل کردنِ بابِ اجتهاد در تاریخ اسلام پیامدهای گسترده‌ای داشت.

Closing the door of Ijtihad in Islamic history had wide-ranging consequences.

Theological/Historical context.

حاکمیت نباید با تعطیل کردنِ نهادهای مدنی، راه گفتگو را ببندد.

The sovereignty should not block the path of dialogue by shutting down civil institutions.

High-level political theory.

این رویکرد به معنای تعطیل کردنِ استقلالِ فکری دانش‌آموزان است.

This approach means shutting down the intellectual independence of students.

Educational philosophy.

او چنان در غم فرو رفته که گویی زندگی را تعطیل کرده است.

He is so immersed in grief as if he has shut down life itself.

Literary/Poetic use.

تعطیل کردنِ چرخِ اقتصاد هزینه‌های جبران‌ناپذیری به بار می‌آورد.

Shutting down the wheels of the economy brings about irreparable costs.

Metaphorical economic idiom.

برخی معتقدند که مدرنیته باعث تعطیل کردنِ سنت‌های اصیل شده است.

Some believe that modernity has caused the shutdown of authentic traditions.

Sociological discourse.

وی با تعطیل کردنِ تمامیِ منافذِ نقد، راه را بر هرگونه اصلاح بست.

By closing all avenues of criticism, he blocked the way for any reform.

Sophisticated metaphorical language.

تعطیل کردنِ کارخانجاتِ نساجی، هویتِ صنعتیِ این شهر را از بین برد.

Shutting down the textile factories destroyed the industrial identity of this city.

Historical/Sociological analysis.

자주 쓰는 조합

تعطیل کردن مغازه

تعطیل کردن مدارس

تعطیل کردن کارخانه

تعطیل کردن پروژه

تعطیل کردن موقت

تعطیل کردن دائم

تعطیل کردن اجباری

تعطیل کردن به خاطر برف

تعطیل کردن فعالیت‌ها

تعطیل کردن حساب

자주 쓰는 구문

تعطیلات رسمی

— Official public holidays.

نوروز از تعطیلات رسمی است.

روز تعطیل

— A day off or holiday.

فردا روز تعطیل است.

تعطیلات آخر هفته

— The weekend (Thursday/Friday in Iran).

تعطیلات آخر هفته کجا می‌روی؟

نیمه‌تعطیل

— Semi-closed or operating at low capacity.

ادارات امروز نیمه‌تعطیل هستند.

تعطیلیِ ناخواسته

— Unintentional or forced closure.

کرونا باعث تعطیلی ناخواسته شد.

تا اطلاع ثانوی تعطیل

— Closed until further notice.

این موزه تا اطلاع ثانوی تعطیل است.

تعطیل کردنِ فکر

— To stop thinking or being logical.

انگار فکرش را تعطیل کرده!

اعلام تعطیلی کردن

— To announce a holiday or closure.

دولت فردا را تعطیل اعلام کرد.

تعطیلات تابستانی

— Summer holidays.

تعطیلات تابستانی شروع شد.

شیفتِ تعطیل

— A shift during a holiday.

من در شیفت تعطیل کار می‌کنم.

자주 혼동되는 단어

تعطیل کردن vs بستن

Bastan is for doors/windows; Ta'til kardan is for operations/institutions.

تعطیل کردن vs متوقف کردن

Motavaqqef kardan is to stop a moving object or a process, not necessarily an institution.

تعطیل کردن vs مرخصی گرفتن

This is for an individual taking time off, not the whole place closing.

관용어 및 표현

"طرف تعطیل است"

— Slang for someone who is clueless, stupid, or slow-witted.

با او حرف نزن، کلاً تعطیل است!

Slang

"مخ تعطیل"

— Similar to 'clueless', implying the brain isn't functioning.

امروز مخم کلاً تعطیل است.

Informal

"بساط را تعطیل کردن"

— To stop doing something, usually an activity that was annoying or messy.

زودتر این بساط را تعطیل کنید!

Informal

"تعطیل کردنِ عقل"

— To ignore logic or common sense.

او عقلش را تعطیل کرده و فقط احساسی عمل می‌کند.

Neutral

"دکان و دستگاه را تعطیل کردن"

— To shut down a whole operation, often implying it was elaborate.

بعد از ورشکستگی، تمام دکان و دستگاهش را تعطیل کرد.

Informal

"تعطیلِ مطلق"

— Complete shutdown or total holiday.

شهر در روز عاشورا تعطیل مطلق است.

Neutral

"تعطیل کردنِ منطق"

— To stop being reasonable.

وقتی عصبانی می‌شود، منطق را تعطیل می‌کند.

Neutral

"یک روز را تعطیل کردن"

— To take a day off (informal/boss speaking).

فردا را تعطیل می‌کنیم و می‌رویم شمال.

Informal

"فتیله را پایین کشیدن و تعطیل کردن"

— To reduce activity and eventually close down.

کم‌کم فتیله کار را پایین کشیدند و تعطیل کردند.

Informal

"تعطیل بودنِ بازارِ (چیزی)"

— To imply that a certain market or activity is no longer popular or active.

این روزها بازارِ کتاب تعطیل است.

Metaphorical

혼동하기 쉬운

تعطیل کردن vs تعطیل

Noun vs Verb

Ta'til is the state/noun; Ta'til kardan is the action.

امروز تعطیل است (State). او مغازه را تعطیل کرد (Action).

تعطیل کردن vs بستن

Translation overlap

You close a book (bastan), but you close a school (ta'til kardan).

کتاب را ببند.

تعطیل کردن vs منحل کردن

Similar outcome

Monhal kardan is legal dissolution; Ta'til kardan is stopping operations.

حزب را منحل کردند.

문장 패턴

[Subject] [Object] ra ta'til kard.

علی مغازه را تعطیل کرد.

Be khatere [Reason], [Object] ra ta'til kardand.

به خاطر برف، مدرسه را تعطیل کردند.

[Subject] tasmim gereft [Object] ra ta'til konad.

مدیر تصمیم گرفت بخش فروش را تعطیل کند.

[Object] be dalile [Reason] ta'til shod.

کارخانه به دلیل بدهی تعطیل شد.

Ta'til kardane [Noun] ba'ese [Result] mishavad.

تعطیل کردن مطبوعات باعث اعتراض شد.

Ba ta'til kardane [Abstract Noun], [Consequence].

با تعطیل کردنِ بابِ گفتگو، تنش بالا گرفت.

어휘 가족

명사

تعطیل (holiday/closed)

تعطیلات (holidays)

تعطیلی (closure/state of being closed)

동사

تعطیل کردن (to close/shut down)

تعطیل شدن (to be closed)

형용사

تعطیل (closed)

نیمه‌تعطیل (semi-closed)

사용법

frequency

Extremely frequent in daily life and news.

자주 하는 실수

در را تعطیل کن → در را ببند
You cannot 'shut down' a physical door; you must 'close' it.
مدرسه بست → مدرسه تعطیل شد
Schools don't just 'close' like a lid; they are 'shut down' for operations.
من فردا را تعطیل هستم → من فردا مرخصی هستم / فردا تعطیل است
You don't 'be closed' personally; either the day is a holiday or you take leave.
تعطیل کردنِ کتاب → بستنِ کتاب
Books are physical objects. Use 'bastan'.
او کارخانه را متوقف کرد → او کارخانه را تعطیل کرد
While 'motavaqqef' works for machines, for the whole business, 'ta'til' is better.

팁

Compound Verb Rule

Remember that in 'تعطیل کردن', only the 'kardan' part changes. Never change 'ta'til'.

Context Matters

Always look for the reason (snow, holiday, debt) to know if the closure is temporary or permanent.

Spoken Persian

In Tehran, 'kardan' often sounds like 'kardan' but 'mikonad' sounds like 'mikone'.

Noun Form

Learn 'تعطیلات' (holidays) alongside this verb to expand your range.

Friday

In Iran, Friday is the default 'ta'til' day. It's like Sunday in Western countries.

Insulting someone

Be careful using 'ta'til' for people; it's quite rude to call someone 'ta'til' (clueless).

Spelling

Don't forget the 'ayn' (ع) in the middle of 'ta'til'. It's not 'تاتیل'.

News Keywords

If you hear 'ta'til' on the radio, listen for 'madares' (schools) or 'edarat' (offices).

Metaphorical Use

Try using it for 'stopping' a bad habit: 'باید این عادت را تعطیل کنم'.

vs Bastan

Repeat: Doors = Bastan. Shops = Ta'til kardan.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a 'T'ea 'TIL'l (cash register) being closed. When the 'Ta'til' happens, the tea shop closes its till.

시각적 연상

Visualize a big red 'CLOSED' sign hanging on a school gate in the snow. That action of hanging the sign is 'تعطیل کردن'.

Word Web

مدرسه مغازه جمعه برف دولت کارخانه استراحت بستن

챌린지

Try to use 'تعطیل کردن' in a sentence about your favorite place to visit. Is it closed on weekends? Why would you close it?

어원

Derived from the Arabic root 'ع-ط-ل' (ʿ-ṭ-l), which relates to being empty, idle, or devoid of something. In Arabic, 'ta'ṭīl' means making something idle or non-functional.

원래 의미: To make something idle, empty, or useless.

Semitic root (Arabic) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when discussing 'تعطیل کردن' regarding religious sites; use respectful language.

In English, we say 'close' for both a door and a shop. In Persian, you must distinguish. English speakers often find the concept of 'pollution holidays' strange.

Used in many political speeches regarding the closure of newspapers (Tawqif/Ta'til). Common in Iranian cinema to show a character's business failure. Frequent in Iranian pop songs about 'closing' the heart or mind.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Weather Emergencies

به خاطر برف
تعطیلی مدارس
کمیته اضطرار
فردا تعطیل است

Business Failure

ورشکستگی
تعطیل کردن کارخانه
بدهی مالی
برای همیشه

Holidays

تعطیلات رسمی
عید نوروز
روز جمعه
سفر در تعطیلات

Work/Project Management

کار را تعطیل کردن
جلسه را تمام کردن
وقفه در کار
استراحت

Slang/Daily Talk

مخش تعطیله
طرف تعطیله
بساط رو جمع کن
تعطیلش کن بره

대화 시작하기

"آیا شنیدی که فردا را به خاطر آلودگی تعطیل کرده‌اند؟"

"چرا آن رستوران قدیمی را تعطیل کردند؟"

"به نظر تو باید مدارس را در روزهای برفی تعطیل کنند؟"

"اگر صاحب یک شرکت بودی، چه روزهایی را تعطیل می‌کردی؟"

"آیا تا به حال مجبور شده‌ای پروژه‌ای را تعطیل کنی؟"

일기 주제

درباره زمانی بنویسید که مدرسه‌تان به خاطر برف تعطیل شد و شما چه کردید.

آیا فکر می‌کنید تعطیل کردنِ کسب و کارهای کوچک به اقتصاد ضربه می‌زند؟ چرا؟

اگر می‌توانستید یک روز جدید را در تقویم تعطیل کنید، آن چه روزی بود؟

تفاوت بین 'بستن' و 'تعطیل کردن' را با مثال توضیح دهید.

درباره یک مغازه یا مکان محبوب بنویسید که اخیراً تعطیل شده است.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, absolutely not. For doors, windows, and books, you must use 'بستن' (bastan). 'تعطیل کردن' is only for businesses, schools, or activities.

Not necessarily. While 'تعطیلات' means holidays, 'تعطیل کردن' can mean shutting down a business forever due to bankruptcy.

Yes, if you say 'طرف تعطیله' (taraf ta'tile), it means the person is stupid or has no clue what's going on.

You say 'مدرسه تعطیل است' (Madrese ta'til ast). Use 'ast' (is) for the state.

'تعطیل کردن' is active (someone closes something). 'تعطیل شدن' is passive (something is closed).

It's both. It's used in official news and in very casual slang.

Yes, you can say 'بیایید جلسه را تعطیل کنیم' to mean 'let's end/stop the meeting'.

It comes from the Arabic root 'عطل' meaning idle or empty.

تعطیل خواهم کرد, تعطیل خواهی کرد, etc.

Yes, if a website shuts down its operations, you can say 'سایت را تعطیل کردند'.

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