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A1 pronoun 6분 분량

joku

You use joku when you want to say 'someone' or 'somebody' in Finnish. It's a common pronoun that refers to an unspecified person. Think of it like saying 'a certain person' without naming them.

For example, if you hear a knock at the door and you don't know who it is, you could say 'Joku on ovella' (Someone is at the door). It's a really useful word for basic conversations.

When talking about people and things, you can use the word 'joku' to mean 'someone' or 'somebody'. It's a simple, versatile pronoun. For example, if you say 'Joku tuli ovelle', it means 'Someone came to the door'. You can also use it to refer to 'some' in a general sense, like 'Joku kirja' meaning 'some book'.

It's part of a group of indefinite pronouns that refer to non-specific people or things. You'll hear 'joku' a lot in everyday Finnish conversations, so it's a good one to remember!

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

§ What 'joku' means

Finnish Word
joku (pronoun)
Definition
someone

Alright, let's get straight to it. 'Joku' means 'someone' or 'somebody' in English. It's used when you're talking about an unspecified person, a bit like saying 'a certain person' or 'anyone' in some contexts. You'll hear this word a lot, so it's good to get comfortable with it.

§ Basic use of 'joku'

The most straightforward way to use 'joku' is as a subject in a sentence, just like 'someone' in English.

Joku soitti ovikelloa.

Hint
Someone rang the doorbell.

En nähnyt kuka, mutta joku oli siellä.

Hint
I didn't see who, but someone was there.

§ 'Joku' with prepositions and cases

Finnish loves its cases, and 'joku' is no exception. It changes form depending on its role in the sentence, especially when combined with prepositions or postpositions, which often dictate the case. Here are a few common examples:

  • Genitive: jonkun (of someone, someone's)

Tämä on jonkun kirja.

Hint
This is someone's book.
  • Partitive: jotakuta (someone, as a direct object in certain situations)

Näin jotakuta puistossa.

Hint
I saw someone in the park.
  • Illative: johonkuhun (into someone, to someone – but often implies contact or direction towards a person)

Törmäsin johonkuhun kaupassa.

Hint
I bumped into someone in the store.
  • Elative: jostakusta (from someone, about someone)

Kuulin jostakusta uudesta opiskelijasta.

Hint
I heard about a new student (from someone/something implying origin).
  • Adessive: jollakulla (on someone, at someone's, with someone – indicating possession or presence)

Minulla on tunne, että jollakulla on vastaus.

Hint
I have a feeling someone has the answer.

As you can see, 'joku' is pretty versatile. The key is to pay attention to the case endings, as they tell you a lot about the relationship between 'joku' and the rest of the sentence. Don't worry about memorizing all of these immediately; just keep practicing, and they will become more natural over time.

§ Joku: Don't Confuse It with 'Kuka' or 'Ken'

Many beginners mix up 'joku' with 'kuka' (who) or 'ken' (whom). Remember, 'joku' means 'someone' or 'somebody' and refers to an unspecified person. 'Kuka' asks about the identity of a person, and 'ken' is its object form (whom).

Joku soitti minulle. (Someone called me.)

Kuka soitti? (Who called?)

§ Using 'Joku' with Specific Articles

Finnish doesn't have articles like 'a' or 'the'. However, English speakers sometimes try to mentally insert them, which can lead to confusion when using 'joku'. 'Joku' already implies an indefinite 'someone' or 'somebody'. Don't try to add an article. 'Joku' stands alone.

Tarvitsen jonkun auttamaan. (I need someone to help.)

You wouldn't say 'I need a someone to help.' The Finnish works the same way.

§ Forgetting Case Endings with 'Joku'

This is a big one. Like most Finnish words, 'joku' changes its ending depending on its grammatical role in the sentence. Ignoring these case endings is a common mistake that can make your sentences sound very unnatural or even incorrect. Here are some key cases:

Nominative
Joku (someone, somebody - subject of the sentence)

Joku on ovella. (Someone is at the door.)

Partitive
Jotakuta (someone - object, usually for ongoing actions or when the object is indefinite)

Näin jotakuta puistossa. (I saw someone in the park.)

Genitive
Jonkun (someone's - possession)

Tämä on jonkun puhelin. (This is someone's phone.)

Illative
Jonkun luo (to someone - movement to a person)

Menin jonkun luo. (I went to someone's place/to someone.)

§ Overusing 'Joku'

While 'joku' is useful, sometimes learners overuse it when other, more specific words would be better. For instance, if you mean 'a person' in a general sense, 'ihminen' (person) might be more appropriate, or even simply omitting the pronoun if the context is clear.

Instead of:

Tarvitsen jonkun puhumaan. (I need someone to speak.)

Consider:

Tarvitsen puhujan. (I need a speaker.)

Or, if you mean 'anyone,' use 'kuka tahansa.'

Kuka tahansa voi auttaa. (Anyone can help.)

§ Understanding 'Joku'

The Finnish word 'joku' is a pronoun that you'll hear and use very often. It generally translates to 'someone', 'somebody', 'anybody', or 'anyone' in English. It's used when you're referring to an unspecified person. Think of it as a general term for a single, unknown individual.

Joku soitti minulle eilen.

Translation hint
Someone called me yesterday.

§ 'Joku' in Different Cases

Like many Finnish words, 'joku' changes its ending depending on its role in the sentence. Here are some common forms you'll encounter:

  • Nominative: joku (someone, anybody, anyone)
  • Partitive: jotakuta (someone, anybody – often used after verbs of emotion, or when the object is indefinite)
  • Genitive: jonkun (someone's, anybody's)
  • Inessive: jossakussa (in someone)
  • Elative: jostakusta (from someone)
  • Illative: johonkuhun (into someone)
  • Adessive: jollakulla (on someone, at someone's place, someone has something)
  • Ablative: joltakulta (from someone's place)
  • Allative: jollekin (to someone)

§ 'Joku' vs. 'Kuka' (Who?)

It's easy to confuse 'joku' with 'kuka', especially when you're starting out. The key difference is that 'kuka' is an interrogative pronoun, meaning it asks a question about who. 'Joku' is an indefinite pronoun, meaning it refers to an unspecified person.

Kuka tuo on?

Translation hint
Who is that?

Here, you're asking for the identity of a person. With 'joku', you're stating that a person exists, but their identity isn't known or relevant.

§ 'Joku' vs. 'Kukaan' (Anyone, No One)

Another word that sometimes causes confusion is 'kukaan'. While 'joku' generally implies 'someone' in a positive or neutral context, 'kukaan' is primarily used in negative sentences to mean 'anyone' or 'no one'. It often pairs with a negative verb.

En nähnyt ketään.

Translation hint
I didn't see anyone. (Here 'ketään' is the partitive form of 'kukaan')

If you want to say 'no one', you would typically use 'kukaan ei' + verb.

Kukaan ei tullut juhliin.

Translation hint
No one came to the party.

§ When to Use 'Joku'

Use 'joku' when:

  • You know a person exists but you don't know who they are.
  • You want to speak generally about a person without specifying their identity.
  • You are making a positive or neutral statement about an unknown person.

Tarvitsen jonkun auttamaan minua.

Translation hint
I need someone to help me.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"Eräs henkilö soitti sinulle äsken."

중립

"Joku soitti sinulle äsken."

비격식체

"Yks tyyppi soitti sulle äsken."

Child friendly

"Joku aikuinen soitti sinulle äsken."

속어

"Yks jäbä soitti sulle äsken."

재미있는 사실

The word 'joku' is related to other Finnic languages like Estonian 'joku' and Karelian 'joku'.

난이도

독해 1/5

Short word, common usage.

쓰기 1/5

Straightforward spelling.

말하기 1/5

Easy to pronounce.

듣기 1/5

Common and clear pronunciation.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

다음에 배울 것

jotain

고급

kenenkään kaikki

수준별 예문

1

Onko täällä joku?

Is someone here?

2

Minä näen jonkun.

I see someone.

3

Joku soittaa ovikelloa.

Someone is ringing the doorbell.

4

Tarvitsen jonkun auttamaan.

I need someone to help.

5

Joku puhuu.

Someone is speaking.

6

Onko joku nähnyt kirjani?

Has someone seen my book?

7

Odota, joku tulee.

Wait, someone is coming.

8

Joku odottaa sinua.

Someone is waiting for you.

1

Etsin jotakuta auttamaan minua muutossa.

I'm looking for someone to help me with the move.

2

Näin jonkun kävelevän puistossa myöhään illalla.

I saw someone walking in the park late at night.

3

Onko täällä joku, joka osaa puhua ranskaa?

Is there someone here who can speak French?

4

Joku soitti minulle eilen, mutta en tunnistanut numeroa.

Someone called me yesterday, but I didn't recognize the number.

5

Hän sanoi, että joku tulee hakemaan hänet.

She said that someone is coming to pick her up.

6

Tarvitsemme jonkun avaamaan oven.

We need someone to open the door.

7

Joku unohti avaimensa pöydälle.

Someone forgot their keys on the table.

8

Onko joku nähnyt minun kynääni?

Has anyone seen my pen?

1

Tarvitsen apua tämän tehtävän kanssa, joku voisi auttaa minua.

I need help with this task, someone could help me.

2

Oven takana on joku, kuulen ääniä.

There is someone behind the door, I hear sounds.

3

Joku soitti minulle eilen illalla, mutta en ehtinyt vastata.

Someone called me last night, but I didn't have time to answer.

4

Joku unohti sateenvarjonsa pöydälle.

Someone forgot their umbrella on the table.

5

Etsin jotakuta, joka voisi opettaa minulle suomea.

I'm looking for someone who could teach me Finnish.

6

Joku sanoi, että kauppa on auki myöhään tänään.

Someone said that the shop is open late today.

7

Onko täällä joku, joka osaa puhua ranskaa?

Is there someone here who can speak French?

8

Joku on syönyt kaikki eväät kaapista.

Someone has eaten all the snacks from the cupboard.

1

Hän toivoi, että joku ymmärtäisi hänen monimutkaiset ajatuksensa.

He hoped that someone would understand his complex thoughts.

2

Oli täysin odottamatonta, että joku kykenisi ratkaisemaan tämän arvoituksen niin nopeasti.

It was completely unexpected that someone would be able to solve this riddle so quickly.

3

Vain joku, jolla on syvällinen kokemus alalta, voisi antaa niin tarkkaa analyysiä.

Only someone with profound experience in the field could provide such an accurate analysis.

4

Hän odotti, että joku ottaisi vastuun hankkeen epäonnistumisesta.

She expected that someone would take responsibility for the project's failure.

5

On harvinaista, että joku jaksaa paneutua näin perusteellisesti pienimpiinkin yksityiskohtiin.

It is rare that someone bothers to delve so thoroughly into even the smallest details.

6

Vaikka joku yrittäisikin vähätellä hänen saavutuksiaan, tosiasiat puhuvat puolestaan.

Even if someone tried to downplay his achievements, the facts speak for themselves.

7

Hän pelkäsi, että joku ehtisi ilmoittaa hänen salaisesta pakopaikastaan viranomaisille.

He feared that someone would manage to inform the authorities about his secret hideout.

8

On mahdotonta, että joku ilman ennakkovaroitusta olisi voinut arvata moisen juonenkäänteen.

It's impossible that someone without prior warning could have guessed such a plot twist.

자주 쓰는 조합

joku päivä some day
joku toinen someone else
joku meistä one of us
joku teistä one of you (plural)
joku heistä one of them
joku tyyppi some guy/type
joku paikka some place
joku asia some thing/matter
joku syy some reason
joku kerta some time/occasion

자주 쓰는 구문

Onko siellä joku?

Is someone there?

Joku soitti minulle.

Someone called me.

Joku odottaa sinua.

Someone is waiting for you.

Tarvitsen joku auttamaan.

I need someone to help.

Joku sanoi, että...

Someone said that...

Hän on joku tunnettu henkilö.

He/she is someone well-known (person).

Onko joku nähnyt avaimeni?

Has anyone seen my keys?

Joku voi tietää.

Someone might know.

Etsi joku, joka auttaa.

Find someone who helps.

Joku ovella.

Someone at the door.

자주 혼동되는 단어

joku vs kukaan

Often used in negative sentences where 'joku' would sound awkward or incorrect. 'Kukaan ei tiedä.' (No one knows.)

joku vs jotain

Partitive form of 'joku/jokin' (someone/something). Used when the object is unspecified, ongoing, or in negative sentences. 'Hän haluaa jotain.' (He wants something.)

joku vs kuka

Means 'who'. Used for people, unlike 'mikä' for things.

혼동하기 쉬운

joku vs joku

Often confused with 'anyone' due to its use in questions and negative sentences, but 'joku' generally implies 'someone' or 'somebody' when referring to an unspecified person.

In questions, 'joku' can mean 'anyone' if the expectation is that 'someone' exists. In negative sentences, 'kukaan' (anyone/nobody) is typically used. 'Joku' focuses on the existence of an unspecified person.

Onko täällä joku? (Is someone here? / Is anyone here?) Joku soitti minulle. (Someone called me.)

joku vs kaikki

Can mean 'all' or 'everyone', leading to confusion about its singular or plural usage and case endings.

'Kaikki' acts like a singular noun in many contexts (e.g., 'kaikki on hyvin' - everything is well), but when referring to people, it implies a group. Its case endings can be tricky.

Kaikki tietävät. (Everyone knows.) Kaikki on valmista. (Everything is ready.)

joku vs mikä

Similar to 'kuka' (who), but 'mikä' is for things and abstract concepts, while 'kuka' is for people. Learners often mix them up.

Use 'mikä' when asking about non-human entities or general concepts. Use 'kuka' for people.

Mikä tämä on? (What is this?) Mikä sinun mielestäsi on paras? (What do you think is the best?)

joku vs minä

It's the pronoun 'I', but beginners sometimes confuse it with 'me' as a direct object, which is 'minua' or 'minut' depending on the verb.

'Minä' is the nominative form (subject). For objects, you need to use partitive 'minua' or accusative 'minut'.

Minä opiskelen suomea. (I study Finnish.) Näitkö minua? (Did you see me? - partitive) Hän auttoi minut. (He helped me. - accusative, implies completion)

joku vs sinä

Similar to 'minä', learners confuse 'sinä' (you, singular subject) with its object forms 'sinua' or 'sinut'.

'Sinä' is the nominative form. For objects, use partitive 'sinua' or accusative 'sinut'.

Sinä olet fiksu. (You are smart.) Minä näen sinua. (I see you. - partitive) Hän kutsui sinut. (He invited you. - accusative)

팁

Basic use of 'joku'

The most straightforward use of 'joku' is to refer to someone, an unspecified person. For example, 'Joku soitti minulle.' means 'Someone called me.'

'Joku' in questions

When asking about an unspecified person, 'joku' can also be used. For instance, 'Tuleeko joku juhliin?' translates to 'Is someone coming to the party?'

'Joku' with other words

'Joku' often combines with other words to create new meanings. For example, 'joku muu' means 'someone else'. 'Joku päivä' means 'some day'.

Partitive case with 'joku'

Like many Finnish words, 'joku' changes form. In the partitive case, it becomes 'jotakuta' or 'jotain'. 'Näin jotakuta kadulla.' means 'I saw someone on the street.' 'Jotain' is often used for 'something' but can also refer to 'someone' in a more general sense.

Genitive case of 'joku'

The genitive form of 'joku' is 'jonkun'. This indicates possession or belonging. 'Tämä on jonkun kirja.' means 'This is someone's book.'

Using 'joku' for 'some'

Beyond referring to a person, 'joku' can also mean 'some' when talking about a quantity or amount. 'Minulla on joku ongelma.' can mean 'I have some problem' or 'I have a problem.'

'Joku' versus 'kuka'

Remember the difference between 'joku' (someone, unspecified) and 'kuka' (who, asking for a specific person). 'Kuka tuli?' (Who came?) vs. 'Joku tuli.' (Someone came.)

Don't confuse 'joku' with 'kukakin'

While 'joku' is for an unspecified person, 'kukakin' is more like 'everyone' or 'whoever it may be' in a distributive sense. Stick to 'joku' for simple 'someone'.

Practice with simple sentences

The best way to learn 'joku' is to use it in simple sentences. Try saying: 'Joku on ovella.' (Someone is at the door.) or 'Tarvitsen jonkun auttamaan.' (I need someone to help.)

Listen for 'joku' in conversations

Pay attention when Finns speak. You'll hear 'joku' used frequently in everyday conversations. It's a very common and useful word for referring to an unidentified person or a non-specific item.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a joker saying 'joku' as he points to 'someone' in the crowd. Joku sounds like 'joker', and a joker is someone playful.

시각적 연상

Picture a group of people, and one person is highlighted. That highlighted person is 'joku' – someone. You could even draw a little stick figure pointing to another stick figure.

Word Web

joku mies (someone's man) joku nainen (someone's woman) joku lapsi (someone's child) joku syö (someone eats) joku menee (someone goes)

챌린지

Try to use 'joku' in simple sentences. For example, 'Joku on ovella' (Someone is at the door) or 'Joku laulaa kauniisti' (Someone sings beautifully). Think of situations where you'd say 'someone' in English and try to translate them using 'joku'.

어원

Proto-Finnic *joku

원래 의미: some, someone

Uralic

문화적 맥락

In Finnish, 'joku' is a very common indefinite pronoun. It's used just like 'someone' or 'somebody' in English. It doesn't carry any specific cultural weight, but its frequent use reflects the straightforward and direct nature of Finnish communication.

셀프 테스트 36 질문

writing A1

Write a short sentence saying that someone is coming. (Remember to use 'joku')

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

Joku tulee.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A1

You see an unfamiliar person. Write a short sentence wondering if it's someone you know. (Use 'joku')

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

Onko tuo joku tuttu?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A1

Write a simple sentence stating that someone is at the door. (Hint: 'ovella' means 'at the door')

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

Joku on ovella.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
reading A1

Mitä tapahtuu?

Read this passage:

Ovi on auki. Joku on sisällä. Kuulen ääntä.

Mitä tapahtuu?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku on sisällä.

The passage says 'Joku on sisällä' (Someone is inside).

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku on sisällä.

The passage says 'Joku on sisällä' (Someone is inside).

reading A1

Tiedätkö kuka mies on?

Read this passage:

Näen joku miehen. Hän odottaa bussia. Minä en tunne häntä.

Tiedätkö kuka mies on?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Ei, en tunne häntä.

The last sentence 'Minä en tunne häntä' means 'I don't know him'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Ei, en tunne häntä.

The last sentence 'Minä en tunne häntä' means 'I don't know him'.

reading A1

Mitä tapahtuu puhelimelle?

Read this passage:

Puhelin soi. Ehkä joku soittaa. Kuka se voi olla?

Mitä tapahtuu puhelimelle?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Puhelin soi.

The first sentence 'Puhelin soi' means 'The phone is ringing'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Puhelin soi.

The first sentence 'Puhelin soi' means 'The phone is ringing'.

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku tuli ovelle.

This sentence means 'Someone came to the door.' The order 'Joku tuli ovelle' follows the typical Finnish sentence structure of Subject-Verb-Adverbial.

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Hän näki jonkun auton.

This sentence means 'He/She saw someone's car.' 'Joku' changes to 'jonkun' in the genitive case because it modifies 'auton' (car). The structure is Subject-Verb-Object (genitive).

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Puhu jollekin tästä.

This means 'Talk to someone about this.' 'Joku' takes the allative case ending '-lle' to indicate 'to someone' when used with the verb 'puhua' (to talk).

fill blank B1

Tarvitsen apua, joten toivon, että ___ auttaa minua.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: joku

In this context, 'joku' (someone) is the correct pronoun to refer to an unspecified person who might help.

fill blank B1

Oven takana on ___. Ehkä se on postimies.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: joku

'Joku' is used here to refer to an unknown person at the door.

fill blank B1

Jos ___ kysyy minusta, sano, että olen palaverissa.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: joku

'Joku' is the indefinite pronoun for 'someone' in the nominative case, suitable for the subject of the clause.

fill blank B1

Tarvitsen ___ mukaan, jotta jaksan kantaa nämä ostokset.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: jonkun

Here, 'jonkun' is the partitive singular of 'joku', meaning 'someone's' or 'someone' (in partitive case, often used after verbs of needing or wanting). However, for the purpose of this exercise focusing on 'joku' as the base, the question implies needing 'someone' to come along, so 'joku' as the subject of a helping action is the closest. But if we are looking for 'someone' to take along, it would be 'jonkun'. Let's re-evaluate to best fit the context of 'joku'. The correct option should be 'joku' if the sentence structure was different. For 'Tarvitsen ___ mukaan', it would be 'jonkun' if we mean 'I need someone along'. Let's stick to simple 'joku' usage where it functions as the subject.

fill blank B1

Varmistin, että ___ tiesi kokouksesta.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: joku

'Joku' means 'someone' and fits as the subject of 'tiesi' (knew).

fill blank B1

Toivottavasti ___ voi auttaa minua löytämään avaimet.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: joku

'Joku' is the appropriate indefinite pronoun for 'someone' in this sentence.

writing B1

You are writing a short story. A character sees someone suspicious near their house late at night. Describe what they see and how they feel. Use 'joku' at least once.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

Myöhään illalla näin jonkun varjon liikkuvan pihalla. Se oli pelottavaa ja outoa. En tiennyt kuka se oli, mutta tunsin pientä pelkoa. Onko siellä joku?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing B1

You are making plans with a friend. You want to suggest doing something, but you're open to ideas from someone else. Write a message to your friend. Use 'joku' at least once.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

Hei! Mitä haluaisit tehdä tänä iltana? Minulla ei ole mitään erikoisia suunnitelmia, joten jos sinulla tai jollain muulla on hyvä ehdotus, olen valmis kuuntelemaan!

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing B1

You're at a party and you've lost your keys. You ask around if anyone has seen them. Write a short dialogue asking about your keys. Use 'joku' at least once.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

Anteeksi, onko joku nähnyt avaimiani? Ne ovat kadonneet jostain. Olen todella huolissani. Löysikö joku ne ehkä?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
reading B1

Mitä kertomuksen päähenkilö näki puistossa?

Read this passage:

Kävelin puistossa ja näin jonkun istuvan yksin penkillä. Hän näytti surulliselta. Mietin hetken, pitäisikö minun mennä puhumaan hänelle. Päätin antaa hänelle tilaa ja jatkoin matkaani.

Mitä kertomuksen päähenkilö näki puistossa?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Jonkun istuvan penkillä

Tekstissä sanotaan 'näin jonkun istuvan yksin penkillä', mikä tarkoittaa, että päähenkilö näki jonkun henkilön istuvan penkillä.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Jonkun istuvan penkillä

Tekstissä sanotaan 'näin jonkun istuvan yksin penkillä', mikä tarkoittaa, että päähenkilö näki jonkun henkilön istuvan penkillä.

reading B1

Kuinka moni kommentoi uutta ehdotusta kokouksessa?

Read this passage:

Kokouksessa oli monia ihmisiä, mutta vain joku kommentoi uutta ehdotusta. Muut tuntuivat olevan hiljaa ja odottivat, että joku muu aloittaisi keskustelun.

Kuinka moni kommentoi uutta ehdotusta kokouksessa?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Vain yksi tai muutama

Lause 'vain joku kommentoi uutta ehdotusta' tarkoittaa, että ainoastaan yksi tai muutama henkilö antoi kommentteja, ei monet tai kaikki.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Vain yksi tai muutama

Lause 'vain joku kommentoi uutta ehdotusta' tarkoittaa, että ainoastaan yksi tai muutama henkilö antoi kommentteja, ei monet tai kaikki.

reading B1

Mitä puhuja etsii?

Read this passage:

Tämä on tärkeä tehtävä, ja minun täytyy löytää joku luotettava auttamaan minua. En voi tehdä tätä yksin, joten toivon, että joku ystävistäni on vapaana.

Mitä puhuja etsii?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Luotettavaa apua

Tekstissä sanotaan 'minun täytyy löytää joku luotettava auttamaan minua', mikä osoittaa, että puhuja etsii luotettavaa apua.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Luotettavaa apua

Tekstissä sanotaan 'minun täytyy löytää joku luotettava auttamaan minua', mikä osoittaa, että puhuja etsii luotettavaa apua.

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku on ovella.

This sentence means 'Someone is at the door.' The most natural word order in Finnish places the subject 'joku' (someone) first, followed by the verb 'on' (is), and then the location 'ovella' (at the door).

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Kadulla käveli joku.

This means 'Someone walked on the street.' In this structure, the location 'Kadulla' (On the street) often starts the sentence, followed by the verb 'käveli' (walked) and then the subject 'joku' (someone).

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku näki karhun metsässä.

This translates to 'Someone saw a bear in the forest.' The typical Finnish word order is Subject (Joku) + Verb (näki) + Object (karhun) + Location (metsässä).

multiple choice C2

Which of the following best captures the nuanced meaning of 'joku' in a context implying a specific, yet unnamed, individual with significant influence?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku tietty henkilö voi hyvinkin vaikuttaa asiaan, vaikka emme tiedä kuka.

The core of 'joku' often implies an unknown but existing entity. In a C2 context, it's about discerning subtle implications. Option B directly addresses an unknown but potentially influential specific individual, which is a sophisticated use of 'joku'.

multiple choice C2

In a philosophical discussion about collective responsibility, which sentence uses 'joku' most effectively to suggest an indeterminate but universally applicable duty?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Joku on aina vastuussa, vaikka se olisikin vaikea nimetä.

This usage of 'joku' conveys the abstract idea of an enduring responsibility that always 'lands' on someone, even if that 'someone' is undefined. It moves beyond a simple 'someone' to a more existential concept.

multiple choice C2

Which option most accurately uses 'joku' to express a vague sense of an impending, possibly negative, event without specifying its nature or perpetrator?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Jokin uhkaa meitä tuntemattomasta suunnasta.

This sentence employs 'jokin' (the neuter form of 'joku') to refer to an unspecified, menacing force. The 'tuntemattomasta suunnasta' ('from an unknown direction') amplifies the C2-level nuance of a vague, yet present, threat, which 'joku' effectively conveys.

true false C2

The sentence 'Joku totuus on aina olemassa, vaikka sitä ei tiedettäisi' (Some truth always exists, even if it is not known) implies that 'joku' refers to a specific, singular truth.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

In this context, 'joku' refers to the abstract concept of truth in general, suggesting that truth, in some form, always exists, rather than a single, specific truth. It's about the existence of truth itself, not a particular instance of it.

true false C2

When used in a question like 'Onko joku jo puhunut asiasta?', 'joku' always implies a negative expectation from the speaker.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

While 'joku' in a question can sometimes hint at a negative expectation (e.g., expecting no one has spoken yet), it's not always the case. It primarily functions to inquire about the existence of 'someone' who has performed an action, without a definite bias towards a 'yes' or 'no' answer. The nuance depends heavily on intonation and context, which aren't fixed to a negative expectation.

true false C2

The phrase 'Joku syy on oltava' (There must be some reason) invariably signifies a singular, easily identifiable reason.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

At a C2 level, 'Joku syy on oltava' suggests that *a* reason exists, but not necessarily a singular, easily identifiable one. It conveys the certainty of a cause, even if that cause is complex, multifaceted, or currently unknown. The 'joku' here means 'at least one, though unspecified' rather than 'exactly one, clear'.

/ 36 correct

Perfect score!

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