At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'kirjata' comes from the word 'kirja' (book). It means putting something into a book or a list. Think of it like making a simple list. For example, if you are in a classroom and the teacher writes your name on a list, they are 'kirjaamassa' your name. At this level, you can use it for very simple things like 'kirjata nimi' (record a name) or 'kirjata päivä' (record a day). You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet, just remember that it's about making a record of something. It is a 'Type 4' verb, which means it ends in -ata. In the 'minä' form, it is 'minä kirjaan'. This is useful if you are at a reception desk and want to say 'I am recording the information'. Even at A1, you might see this word on signs in libraries or at the doctor's office. It is a very 'official' word, so seeing it helps you know that something is being documented. It's different from 'kirjoittaa' (to write) because 'kirjoittaa' is what you do when you write a letter or a story. 'Kirjata' is what you do when you are filling out a form or a list. If you remember 'kirja' = 'book', then 'kirjata' = 'to book' or 'to put in a book'. This simple association will help you recognize the word when you see it in public places in Finland.
At the A2 level, you start to use 'kirjata' in more specific contexts, like at work or when dealing with official tasks. You should learn the basic conjugation: 'minä kirjaan', 'sinä kirjaat', 'hän kirjaa'. You also learn the past tense: 'minä kirjasin' (I recorded). At this level, you can use 'kirjata' to talk about daily routines that involve logs. For example, 'Minä kirjaan työtunnit joka päivä' (I record my work hours every day). This is a very common sentence for anyone working in Finland. You also start to see the particle 'ylös'. 'Kirjata ylös' means 'to note down'. If someone gives you a phone number, you can say 'Odotapa, kirjaan sen ylös' (Wait, I'll note it down). You should also be aware of the noun 'kirjaus', which means 'an entry' or 'a recording'. If you look at your bank statement, each line is a 'kirjaus'. At A2, you are beginning to interact with Finnish society more, so you will hear this word when you go to the pharmacy or the library. The pharmacist 'kirjaa' your prescription. The librarian 'kirjaa' your loan. It’s a functional verb. You also learn that the place where you record something is in the illative case (the 'into' case). For example, 'kirjata vihkoon' (to record into a notebook). This is a key grammar point at this level. Understanding 'kirjata' helps you move beyond basic 'writing' and start using the more precise language of documentation and registration that is so common in Finnish culture.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'kirjata' in professional and administrative contexts. You understand that it implies a certain level of formality and systematic recording. You can distinguish between 'kirjata' (to record data) and 'tallentaa' (to save a file). For example, 'Tallensin asiakirjan ja kirjasin muutokset lokiin' (I saved the document and recorded the changes in the log). You also start using the passive form 'kirjataan' frequently, as it is very common in reports and instructions. 'Tiedot kirjataan järjestelmään automaattisesti' (The data is recorded into the system automatically). At this level, you also encounter 'kirjata' in sports and news. 'Hän kirjasi uuden ennätyksen' (He recorded a new record). You should also be familiar with the reflexive form 'kirjautua' (to log in), which is derived from 'kirjata'. 'Muista kirjautua ulos' (Remember to log out). B1 learners should also notice the use of 'kirjata' in legal or semi-legal contexts, such as 'kirjata rikosilmoitus' (to record a crime report). You understand that this word is about accountability. If you are in a meeting, you might be the one who 'kirjaa muistion' (records the memo). This shows you have the vocabulary to handle common office tasks. You also start to use more descriptive adverbs with 'kirjata', like 'kirjata huolellisesti' (to record carefully) or 'kirjata virheellisesti' (to record incorrectly). Your understanding of the word is now linked to the concept of 'official information flow' in Finnish society.
At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you have a nuanced understanding of 'kirjata' and its many applications. You can use it fluently in complex sentences and understand its specific role in various professional fields. In healthcare, you know it refers to the detailed documentation of patient care. In accounting, you know it refers to the entry of transactions. You can also use 'kirjata' metaphorically or in more abstract contexts, such as 'kirjata voitto' (to notch up/record a victory) in a business or political sense. You are aware of the subtle differences between 'kirjata', 'merkitä', and 'rekisteröidä'. You know that 'rekisteröidä' is for the official act of registration, while 'kirjata' is the act of entering the data. You also understand the legal weight of a 'kirjaus'. For example, in Finnish law, a 'kirjaus' in the land registry (lainhuuto- ja kiinnitysrekisteri) is what gives legal protection to a property owner. You can discuss the importance of 'kirjaaminen' in maintaining transparency and preventing corruption. Your grammar is precise; you correctly use the illative case for the destination of the data and the elative case for the source. You also understand the use of 'kirjata' in technical IT contexts, such as logging system events or errors. You can explain the difference between 'kirjata ulos' (checking out an item) and 'kirjautua ulos' (logging out of a session). At B2, 'kirjata' is no longer just a word; it is a tool you use to navigate the professional and institutional landscape of Finland with confidence and accuracy.
At the C1 level, your command of 'kirjata' is near-native. You understand its use in highly specialized fields like jurisprudence, advanced data science, and historical research. You can analyze the nuances of 'kirjausperiaatteet' (recording principles) in accounting or 'kirjaamisvelvollisuus' (the duty to record) in administrative law. You are familiar with compound words and technical terms like 'alkukirjaus' (initial entry), 'vastakirjaus' (offsetting entry), and 'korjauskirjaus' (correction entry). You understand how 'kirjata' is used in academic writing to describe the methodology of data collection: 'Havainnot kirjattiin reaaliaikaisesti' (Observations were recorded in real-time). You also recognize its use in literature or high-level journalism to describe historical moments: 'Tämä päivä kirjataan historiaan' (This day will be recorded in history). You can use the word to express subtle shades of meaning, such as the difference between a 'vapaamuotoinen kirjaus' (an informal entry) and a 'muotovirheellinen kirjaus' (an entry with a formal error). You are also aware of the historical etymology of the word, connecting it to the development of literacy and bureaucracy in Finland. You can participate in debates about 'tietosuoja' (data protection) and how 'kirjaukset' should be handled to protect privacy. At this level, you don't just use the word; you can reflect on its social and legal implications in a modern, digitalized democracy. You are comfortable using it in any register, from a quick technical log to a formal legal brief.
At the C2 level, you have a complete, masterly grasp of 'kirjata' and all its related forms and contexts. You can use it with the same precision and stylistic flair as a native speaker who is an expert in linguistics or law. You understand the most obscure legal applications, such as 'kirjata panttioikeus' (to record a lien) and the intricate rules surrounding it. You can discuss the philosophy of 'kirjaaminen' as a form of social construction—how the act of recording something into a public registry actually creates a social reality. You are familiar with the history of the Finnish language and how 'kirjata' evolved alongside the state's administrative needs. You can use the word in sophisticated rhetorical ways, perhaps in a speech or a high-level academic paper, to emphasize the permanence or the 'officialness' of a particular action. You have no trouble with even the most complex grammatical structures involving 'kirjata', such as various participial constructions or archaic forms found in old legal texts. You can also spot and correct the most subtle misuses of the word by others. Your understanding of 'kirjata' is integrated into a deep knowledge of Finnish culture, history, and the functioning of its institutions. For you, 'kirjata' is a versatile and powerful verb that encapsulates the Finnish commitment to order, documentation, and the rule of law. You can navigate the most complex digital or physical archives, understanding exactly how every 'kirjaus' fits into the larger system of information management.

The Finnish verb kirjata is a cornerstone of administrative, professional, and technical communication. At its heart, it means 'to record', 'to register', or 'to enter data'. While the English word 'write' (kirjoittaa) focuses on the act of forming letters, kirjata focuses on the act of official documentation or the systematic entry of information into a ledger, database, or logbook. Derived from the word kirja (book), it literally suggests 'to put into a book'. In the modern digital age, this has evolved to mean clicking 'save' on a digital form or logging a ticket in a support system.

Administrative Context
Used when a clerk registers a new citizen, a birth, or a marriage. It implies that the information is now part of an official record.
Medical Context
Doctors and nurses use this word constantly when documenting patient symptoms, medications, or test results into the electronic health record system (like Kanta).

Poliisi joutui kirjaamaan rikosilmoituksen tapahtuneesta varkaudesta heti paikan päällä.

Translation: The police had to record a crime report regarding the theft right on the spot.

In a business setting, you will hear kirjata when discussing accounting (kirjanpito). When an invoice is processed, it is 'kirjattu'. If you are working in logistics, every package that arrives at the warehouse must be 'kirjattu sisään' (checked in/recorded as arrived). It is a verb of accountability. If something isn't kirjattu, in the eyes of a Finnish bureaucrat or manager, it effectively didn't happen. This reflects the high value Finnish culture places on transparency and systematic documentation.

Muista kirjata kaikki työtunnit projektinhallintajärjestelmään ennen perjantaita.

Translation: Remember to log all work hours into the project management system before Friday.
Scientific Usage
Researchers use this to describe the act of noting down observations or data points during an experiment.

Tutkijat kirjasivat ylös jokaisen lämpötilan muutoksen kymmenen minuutin välein.

Translation: The researchers recorded every temperature change at ten-minute intervals.

Furthermore, kirjata is used in sports. When a player scores a goal or receives a penalty, the referee 'kirjaa' that event into the official match report. In the context of meetings, the secretary is responsible for 'kirjaamaan' the minutes (pöytäkirja). The word implies a transition from a fleeting moment or a spoken word into a permanent, verifiable format. It is rarely used for creative writing or casual texting; it always carries a weight of formality or functional necessity.

Sihteeri kirjasi kokouksen päätökset tarkasti muistiin.

Translation: The secretary recorded the meeting's decisions accurately in the notes.

On tärkeää kirjata poikkeamat välittömästi.

Translation: It is important to record the deviations immediately.
Legal and Formal
In legal texts, 'kirjata' refers to the official entry of a deed, a lien, or a court decision into a public registry.

Using kirjata correctly requires understanding its role as a transitive verb. It almost always takes an object—the thing that is being recorded. This object is typically a noun like tiedot (data/information), tapahtuma (event), nimi (name), or tulos (result). Because it is a verb of 'moving' information into a place, it is often paired with the illative case (-an/-en/-iin) or the 'ylös' (up/down) particle to indicate where the information is going.

Hän kirjaa uudet asiakkaat tietokantaan.

Translation: He records new customers into the database. (Tietokantaan = into the database).

The verb follows the pattern of a Type 4 verb (ending in -ata). This means the 'a' at the end changes to 'aa' in most personal forms (kirjaan, kirjaat, kirjaa...), but watch out for the past tense where it becomes 'kirjasin'. It is a very regular verb, making it easier for learners once the basic pattern is mastered. One interesting nuance is the use of the particle ylös. While kirjata alone is sufficient, kirjata ylös emphasizes the act of 'noting down' something so it won't be forgotten, similar to 'jot down' or 'note down' in English.

Passive Usage
In professional reports, the passive form 'kirjataan' is extremely common. 'Havainnot kirjataan päivittäin' (Observations are recorded daily).
Perfect Tense
'Olemme kirjanneet...' (We have recorded...). This is often seen in confirmation emails: 'Olemme kirjanneet tilauksesi' (We have recorded/received your order).

Voitko kirjata nämä luvut tähän taulukkoon?

Translation: Can you record these numbers into this table?

Another common structure is the use of kirjata with the elative case (-sta/-stä) when referring to where the information is being taken from. For example, 'kirjata tiedot passista' (to record information from the passport). This shows the flow of information from a source to a record. It's also worth noting the reflexive-like usage 'kirjautua', which means 'to log in' (literally 'to record oneself in'). While they are separate verbs, understanding 'kirjata' helps you grasp why 'kirjautua' is used for entering a website.

Meidän täytyy kirjata kaikki kulut tarkasti verotusta varten.

Translation: We must record all expenses accurately for taxation.

In technical documentation or programming, kirjata is often used for logging errors or events. If a system 'kirjaa virheen' (logs an error), it means the software has written a record of the failure into an error log. This is a vital part of the B2 vocabulary for anyone working in IT or office environments in Finland. You will also see it in the context of 'kirjata ulos' (to check out/log out), though 'kirjautua ulos' is more common for users, while 'kirjata ulos' might be used for checking out equipment from a library or tool shed.

With Adverbs
Commonly paired with 'tarkasti' (accurately), 'huolellisesti' (carefully), or 'virheellisesti' (incorrectly).

Tiedot oli kirjattu järjestelmään väärin.

Translation: The data had been entered into the system incorrectly.

Finally, consider the phrase 'kirjata muistiin'. While 'muisti' means memory, 'kirjata muistiin' is the standard way to say 'to make a note of' or 'to record in one's notes'. It suggests a deliberate effort to preserve information for later use. This is common in academic and professional settings where taking notes is expected. It bridges the gap between the internal (memory) and the external (the record).

If you live in Finland, you will encounter kirjata in almost every interaction with the 'systeemi' (the system). When you visit a health center (terveyskeskus), the first thing the receptionist does is kirjaa sinut sisään (register you in). Later, the doctor will kirjata käynnin tiedot (record the visit details). You won't necessarily hear them say the word aloud every time, but you will see it on every form, every website, and every official letter you receive.

Sairaanhoitaja kirjasi potilaan verenpaineen potilaskertomukseen.

Translation: The nurse recorded the patient's blood pressure into the medical record.

In the workplace, kirjata is the language of meetings and project management. At the start of a meeting, someone might ask: 'Kuka kirjaa muistion?' (Who will record the memo/minutes?). In corporate environments, you'll hear it regarding 'työaikakirjaukset' (working time entries). If you forget to log your hours, your boss might send a Slack message saying: 'Muistakaa kirjata tunnit tänään!' (Remember to log your hours today!). This is a very common daily occurrence in Finnish office life.

News and Media
News reports often use the word when discussing statistics. 'Suomessa kirjattiin viime vuonna ennätysmäärä uusia yrityksiä' (A record number of new companies were registered in Finland last year).
Customer Service
When you call a help desk, the agent will say: 'Kirjaan tämän asian ylös ja palaan asiaan' (I will note this matter down and get back to you).

Onko palaute jo kirjattu järjestelmään?

Translation: Has the feedback already been recorded in the system?

Police procedurals and news about crime are another major source. You'll hear phrases like 'poliisi on kirjannut rikosilmoituksen' (the police have recorded a crime report) or 'tapaus on kirjattu pahoinpitelynä' (the case has been recorded as an assault). This highlights the word's role in legal categorization. It’s not just about writing; it’s about assigning a formal status to an event. If the police 'kirjaavat' something, it starts a formal legal process.

Kirjasto kirjaa lainat automaattisesti viivakoodin avulla.

Translation: The library records loans automatically using a barcode.

In the digital world, you'll see buttons labeled 'Kirjaa tiedot' (Submit/Record data) or 'Kirjaa tapahtuma'. If you use Finnish banking apps, your transactions are 'kirjattuja tapahtumia'. The word is ubiquitous because Finnish society is highly organized and data-driven. From the moment a Finn is born (kirjataan väestötietojärjestelmään) to the moment they retire, their life is a series of 'kirjauksia'. Mastering this word is essential for understanding how the Finnish world works on a functional level.

Sports Commentary
'Hän kirjasi ottelussa kaksi syöttöpistettä' (He recorded two assists in the match). It's used for stats and scores.

Joukkue kirjasi kauden ensimmäisen voittonsa eilen.

Translation: The team recorded their first win of the season yesterday.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using kirjoittaa (to write) when they should use kirjata. If you say 'Kirjoitin tunnit järjestelmään', it sounds like you were physically drawing the letters of the hours, whereas 'Kirjasin tunnit' correctly implies you entered them into a database. Kirjoittaa is about the act of writing; kirjata is about the act of recording or registering. Think of the difference between writing a letter and logging an entry.

Väärin: Kirjoitin uuden asiakkaan listalle.
Oikein: Kirjasin uuden asiakkaan listalle.

Explanation: You register the customer; you don't just 'write' them.

Another common point of confusion is between kirjata and rekisteröidä. While they are often synonyms, rekisteröidä is more formal and often used for official legal registrations (like registering a car or a patent). Kirjata is broader and used for everyday professional logging. Using rekisteröidä for a quick note in a meeting would sound overly stiff and bureaucratic. Conversely, using kirjata for registering a new corporation might sound slightly too casual in a legal document, though it is still often used.

Case Confusion
Learners often forget that the place where something is recorded must be in the illative case (-an/-en/-iin). 'Kirjata tiedot koneelle' (onto the computer) or 'kirjaan sen vihkoon' (into the notebook).
The 'Ylös' Trap
English speakers often say 'kirjoittaa alas' (write down). In Finnish, we say 'kirjata ylös' (record up). Using 'alas' here is a direct translation error from English.

Väärin: Kirjasin tiedot alas.
Oikein: Kirjasin tiedot ylös.

Explanation: In Finnish, you record 'up' into visibility, not 'down' onto paper.

A third mistake involves the reflexive forms. Learners sometimes mix up kirjata (to record something) and kirjautua (to log oneself in). If you say 'Kirjasin nettisivulle', it sounds like you recorded some data onto the website. If you meant that you logged in to your account, you must use 'Kirjauduin nettisivulle'. This distinction is crucial for IT-related conversations. Similarly, 'kirjata ulos' refers to checking an object out, while 'kirjautua ulos' is for logging out of a digital account.

Väärin: Minä kirjan tulokset.
Oikein: Minä kirjaan tulokset.

Explanation: Type 4 verbs like kirjata require the double vowel in the present tense.

Lastly, be careful with the word merkitä. While merkitä also means 'to mark' or 'to record', it is often used for physical marking (like marking a tree) or for meaning ('tämä merkitsee paljon'). Kirjata is specifically for 'entering' information into a record. If you are filling out a spreadsheet, kirjata is the most natural choice. Using merkitä there isn't wrong, but it's less specific than the data-centric kirjata.

Confusion with 'Tallentaa'
'Tallentaa' means 'to save' (a file) or 'to record' (audio/video). Don't use 'kirjata' for recording a video; use 'tallentaa'. Use 'kirjata' for text-based data entry.

To truly master kirjata, you must understand its neighbors in the Finnish semantic field of 'recording'. The most common alternative is merkitä. While kirjata implies a more formal entry into a system or book, merkitä is more about 'marking' or 'noting'. You might 'merkitä' a date in your calendar, but you would 'kirjata' a transaction in your accounting software. Merkitä is also used for 'to mean' (Tämä merkki merkitsee...).

Kirjata vs. Merkitä
Kirjata: Focused on official logs, databases, and books. (e.g., kirjata tiedot).
Merkitä: Focused on marking, noting, or indicating. (e.g., merkitä rasti ruutuun).

Voitko merkitä tämän päivämäärän kalenteriin?
Voitko kirjata tämän tapahtuman lokiin?

Translation: Use 'merkitä' for a calendar note, but 'kirjata' for a log entry.

Another close relative is rekisteröidä. This is a direct loan from 'register'. In Finnish, it is used for high-level, official registrations. You rekisteröidä a company (yritys), a trademark (tavaramerkki), or a vehicle (ajoneuvo). Kirjata is the action of putting data into those registries. For instance, the authority 'rekisteröi' the company, and the clerk 'kirjaa' the company's details into the system. It’s a matter of scale and formality.

Kirjata vs. Rekisteröidä
Kirjata: The specific act of entry.
Rekisteröidä: The official process of registration.

Then there is tallentaa. This word is essential in the digital world. It means 'to save' (like a Word document) or 'to record' (audio, video, or data on a hard drive). If you are talking about saving a file, use tallentaa. If you are talking about the fact that a record was created in a database, kirjata is often better. For example, 'Tallensin tiedoston, ja järjestelmä kirjasi muutosajankohdan' (I saved the file, and the system recorded the change time).

Hän tallensi videon, mutta kirjasi sen nimen väärin listaan.

Translation: He recorded/saved the video, but entered its name incorrectly on the list.

Finally, consider viedä (to take/lead), specifically in the phrase 'viedä kirjanpitoon'. This is the standard way to say 'to enter into the accounts'. While kirjata is used for individual entries, viedä suggests the movement of data into the accounting books. Also, lokittaa is a modern slang/technical term meaning 'to log' (from the English 'log'). It is used almost exclusively in IT contexts, whereas kirjata remains the standard for all formal and professional situations.

Summary Table
- **Kirjata**: To record/log data (Professional/Official)
- **Kirjoittaa**: To write (Physical act/Creative)
- **Merkitä**: To mark/note (General/Calendar)
- **Tallentaa**: To save/record (Digital files/Media)
- **Rekisteröidä**: To register (High-level formal)

수준별 예문

1

Minä kirjaan nimen.

I record the name.

Present tense, 1st person singular.

2

Voitko kirjata tämän?

Can you record this?

Infinitive form with 'voitko'.

3

Hän kirjaa tiedot.

He/she records the data.

Present tense, 3rd person singular.

4

Kirjaa se ylös.

Note it down.

Imperative form (command).

5

Me kirjaamme kaiken.

We record everything.

Present tense, 1st person plural.

6

Haluatko kirjata tämän?

Do you want to record this?

Infinitive with 'haluatko'.

7

Minä kirjasin sen.

I recorded it.

Past tense, 1st person singular.

8

Kirjaa nimi tähän.

Record the name here.

Imperative form.

1

Kirjasin työtunnit eilen.

I logged my work hours yesterday.

Past tense, 1st person singular.

2

Hän kirjaa asiakkaat vihkoon.

She records the customers in a notebook.

Illative case (vihkoon).

3

Voitko kirjata puhelinnumeron?

Can you note down the phone number?

Accusative object (puhelinnumeron).

4

Meidän täytyy kirjata tulokset.

We must record the results.

Necessive structure with 'täytyy'.

5

Kirjasitko sinä sen jo?

Did you record it already?

Interrogative past tense.

6

He kirjaavat uusia jäseniä.

They are registering new members.

Partitive object (uusia jäseniä).

7

Muista kirjata päivämäärä.

Remember to record the date.

Imperative + infinitive.

8

En kirjaa tätä vielä.

I am not recording this yet.

Negative present tense.

1

Lääkäri kirjaa oireet potilaskertomukseen.

The doctor records the symptoms in the medical record.

Professional context, illative case.

2

Kaikki tapahtumat kirjataan lokiin.

All events are recorded in the log.

Passive present tense.

3

Olemme kirjanneet tilauksenne.

We have recorded your order.

Present perfect tense.

4

Hän kirjasi muistiin tärkeät kohdat.

He noted down the important points.

Phrasal verb 'kirjata muistiin'.

5

Poliisi kirjasi rikosilmoituksen varkaudesta.

The police recorded a crime report about the theft.

Official administrative context.

6

Tiedot on kirjattu virheellisesti.

The data has been recorded incorrectly.

Passive perfect tense with adverb.

7

Voitko kirjata minut ulos järjestelmästä?

Can you check me out of the system?

Phrasal verb 'kirjata ulos'.

8

Hän kirjasi ottelussa kolme maalia.

He recorded three goals in the match.

Sports context.

1

On tärkeää kirjata kaikki poikkeamat laaturaporttiin.

It is important to record all deviations in the quality report.

Formal workplace requirement.

2

Kirjanpitäjä kirjasi menot oikeille tileille.

The accountant recorded the expenses to the correct accounts.

Accounting terminology.

3

Tutkimustulokset kirjattiin tarkasti ylös.

The research results were accurately noted down.

Passive past tense + 'ylös'.

4

Yritys kirjasi huomattavan voiton viime neljänneksellä.

The company recorded a significant profit last quarter.

Business context for financial results.

5

Sihteeri kirjasi kokouksen kulun pöytäkirjaan.

The secretary recorded the proceedings of the meeting in the minutes.

Specific term 'pöytäkirja' (minutes).

6

Järjestelmä kirjaa automaattisesti käyttäjän toiminnot.

The system automatically records the user's actions.

Technical automation context.

7

Hän kirjasi itsensä kurssille viime hetkellä.

He registered himself for the course at the last minute.

Reflexive-like use of 'kirjata'.

8

Päätös kirjattiin viralliseen rekisteriin.

The decision was recorded in the official register.

Legal/Administrative context.

1

Viranomaisen on kirjattava kaikki saapuneet asiakirjat viipymättä.

The authority must record all received documents without delay.

Formal administrative obligation (-tava construction).

2

Tämä historiallinen hetki kirjataan kansakunnan muistiin.

This historical moment will be recorded in the nation's memory.

Metaphorical/Elevated register.

3

Kirjaus tehtiin vastoin yleisiä tilinpäätösperiaatteita.

The entry was made against general accounting principles.

Specialized accounting terminology.

4

Sopimukseen kirjattiin useita lisäehtoja.

Several additional conditions were recorded into the agreement.

Contract law context.

5

Hän kirjasi havaintonsa kenttäpäiväkirjaan päivittäin.

He recorded his observations in a field diary daily.

Scientific/Academic fieldwork.

6

Miten nämä erät tulisi kirjata verotuksessa?

How should these items be recorded for taxation purposes?

Tax law/Consulting context.

7

Tuomioistuin kirjasi kanteen käsitellyksi.

The court recorded the claim as processed.

Judicial terminolog

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