이 페이지를 내 언어로

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

Português

中文

हिन्दी

홈
학습
힌디어
단어장
जिसका

A2 determiner #500 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

जिसका

jiska 상위 500

At the A1 level, you are just beginning to learn how to describe things. While 'जिसका' (jiskā) is slightly more advanced than basic pronouns like 'मैं' (I) or 'तुम' (you), you can start to understand it as a way to say 'whose'. Imagine you are pointing at a friend and saying 'The boy whose dog is big'. In Hindi, you would use 'जिसका' to connect the boy to his dog. At this stage, don't worry too much about the complex grammar. Just remember that 'जिसका' is used when you want to talk about something belonging to someone you just mentioned. It's like a bridge between two parts of a sentence. You will mostly see it in simple descriptions of people and their belongings. For example, 'वह आदमी जिसका नाम राम है' (The man whose name is Ram). This is a very useful pattern for introducing people or identifying objects in a simple way. Focus on recognizing the word when you hear it in stories or simple conversations.

At the A2 level, you should start using 'जिसका' (jiskā) to create more interesting sentences. Instead of saying two short sentences like 'I have a friend. His car is red,' you can combine them: 'I have a friend whose car is red' (मेरा एक दोस्त है जिसका कार लाल है - note: car is usually feminine 'जिसकी', but if we use 'वाहन' vehicle, it's 'जिसका'). The key at A2 is learning the gender agreement. You must use 'जिसका' only when the object that follows it is masculine and singular. For example, 'जिसका भाई' (whose brother), 'जिसका घर' (whose house), 'जिसका नाम' (whose name). If you talk about a sister, you must change it to 'जिसकी'. This level is about practicing these combinations. You will hear 'जिसका' in daily life when people describe their family, their jobs, or their possessions. It helps you move away from 'baby talk' and start speaking in a more connected, natural way. Try to use it when describing your classmates or your family members to get comfortable with the 'whose' concept in Hindi.

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'जिसका' (jiskā) in a variety of contexts, including more abstract ones. You will encounter it in news reports, short stories, and more detailed conversations. At this stage, you should also be aware of the 'Relative-Correlative' structure. This means 'जिसका' (whose) often works with 'उसका' (his/her) or 'वह' (he/that). For example, 'जिसका काम पूरा है, वह घर जा सकता है' (He whose work is complete can go home). This is a very common way to set conditions or rules. You should also be able to distinguish clearly between 'जिसका' (relative) and 'किसका' (interrogative). B1 learners should practice using 'जिसका' to define terms or provide background information during a discussion. For instance, if you are talking about a movie, you might say, 'यह वह फिल्म है जिसका अंत बहुत दुखद है' (This is the film whose ending is very sad). This level requires you to use the word accurately in both speech and writing, ensuring the gender and number agreement is always correct.

At the B2 level, 'जिसका' (jiskā) becomes a tool for sophisticated expression. You will use it in formal writing, debates, and complex narratives. You should be able to handle sentences where 'जिसका' refers to abstract concepts or complex subjects. For example, 'एक ऐसी व्यवस्था जिसका उद्देश्य समानता है' (A system whose objective is equality). At this level, you should also understand how 'जिसका' can be used in the middle of long, nested sentences without losing the grammatical thread. You will see it used in literature to create mood and depth. You should also be familiar with the honorific use of 'जिसके' when the possessor is someone respected, even if the possessed object is singular, though 'जिसका' remains the grammatical default for singular masculine objects. B2 learners should be able to translate complex English 'whose' or 'of which' clauses into Hindi using 'जिसका' or its variants with ease. You should also be able to spot and correct errors in agreement or usage in your own work and the work of others.

At the C1 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'जिसका' (jiskā). You use it instinctively and can appreciate its stylistic nuances in high-level literature and formal oratory. You understand how 'जिसका' functions within the broader system of Hindi relative pronouns and how it can be used to create specific rhetorical effects. For example, using 'जिसका' at the beginning of multiple sentences in a speech to create a rhythmic, parallel structure (anaphora). You are also aware of rare or archaic forms that might appear in classical poetry or legal texts. At this level, you can use 'जिसका' to handle very complex relationships between multiple subjects and objects in a single sentence. Your usage is not just grammatically correct but also stylistically appropriate for the context, whether it's a casual conversation or a formal academic paper. You can explain the nuances of 'जिसका' to others and understand how it differs from similar constructions in other Indian languages or English.

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'जिसका' (jiskā) is complete. You can use it with the same flexibility and precision as a highly educated native speaker. You are comfortable with its use in all registers, from the most technical legal or scientific Hindi to the most evocative and metaphorical poetry. You can play with the word's placement for emphasis and understand the subtle shifts in meaning that come with different sentence structures. You can read and analyze complex texts where 'जिसका' is used to weave together intricate philosophical arguments or narrative arcs. There is no confusion regarding agreement, even in the most convoluted sentences. You can also recognize and use idiomatic expressions involving 'जिसका' that might be obscure to lower-level learners. At this stage, 'जिसका' is just one of many tools in your extensive linguistic toolkit, used effortlessly to convey precise shades of meaning and relationship.

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

जिसका 30초 만에

जिसका (jiskā) is the Hindi relative possessive meaning 'whose' or 'of which'.
It must agree with the masculine singular noun that follows it in the sentence.
It is used to join two clauses by providing more information about a noun.
It is distinct from 'किसका' (kiskā), which is only used for asking questions.

The Hindi word जिसका (jiskā) is a relative possessive determiner or pronoun. In English, it most closely translates to 'whose' or 'of which' when referring to a masculine singular noun that is possessed. It is derived from the relative pronoun 'जो' (jo - who/which) combined with the possessive postposition 'का' (kā). Understanding 'जिसका' is crucial for connecting two clauses where the second clause provides more information about a noun mentioned in the first clause. It functions as a bridge, creating complex and descriptive sentences that are essential for intermediate and advanced Hindi communication.

Grammatical Role: Relative Possessive Determiner. It relates a person or object to something they own or are associated with.
Gender Agreement: The ending '-ā' in 'jiskā' must agree with the gender and number of the object possessed, not the possessor. Since it ends in '-ā', it is used when the following noun is masculine and singular.

वह लड़का जिसका भाई डॉक्टर है, यहाँ रहता है। (The boy whose brother is a doctor lives here.)

In everyday conversation, 'जिसका' is used to identify people or things through their relationships or attributes. For example, if you are looking for the owner of a lost phone, you might say, 'वह व्यक्ति जिसका यह फ़ोन है' (The person whose phone this is). It is less about asking a question (which would use 'किसका' - kiskā) and more about defining or specifying a subject. This word is a staple in storytelling, news reporting, and formal descriptions where detail is paramount. It allows the speaker to avoid repetitive sentences and create a more fluid narrative flow.

यह वही शहर है जिसका नाम मैंने सुना था। (This is the same city whose name I had heard.)

The word is also frequently found in Hindi literature and poetry to create evocative imagery. By linking a person to an abstract quality or a physical possession, poets can build deep connections between characters and their environment. For instance, 'जिसका दिल बड़ा है' (He whose heart is big) uses the word to define a character trait. In modern contexts, you will hear it in legal documents, academic writing, and formal speeches to precisely define terms and conditions or to refer back to specific entities mentioned earlier in a text. Mastering 'जिसका' is a significant step toward achieving fluency because it moves the learner beyond simple subject-verb-object sentences into the realm of complex relative clauses, which are a hallmark of natural-sounding Hindi speech and writing.

Common Contexts: Identifying owners, describing family relations, specifying objects in a group, and formal definitions.

वह घर जिसका दरवाज़ा लाल है, मेरा है। (The house whose door is red is mine.)

Using जिसका (jiskā) correctly requires a firm grasp of Hindi's possessive system. The most important rule to remember is that 'जिसका' must agree with the noun that follows it—the object being possessed. If you are talking about a man whose *son* is famous, you use 'जिसका' because 'son' (बेटा - beṭā) is masculine singular. If you were talking about his *daughter*, you would change it to 'जिसकी' (jiskī). This agreement rule is often the biggest hurdle for English speakers, as English 'whose' is gender-neutral and does not change based on the possessed object.

Basic Structure: [Noun/Subject] + [जिसका] + [Masculine Singular Noun] + [Verb/Description].

वह आदमी जिसका बैग खो गया है, बहुत दुखी है। (The man whose bag is lost is very sad.)

In the sentence above, 'बैग' (bag) is masculine singular in Hindi, so we use 'जिसका'. Notice how 'जिसका' connects the man to his lost bag. Another common use case is in definitions or descriptions of inanimate objects. For example, 'एक ऐसा देश जिसका इतिहास पुराना है' (A country whose history is old). Here, 'इतिहास' (history) is masculine singular, dictating the use of 'जिसका'. This structure is very common in academic writing and formal introductions.

वह लेखक जिसका उपन्यास प्रसिद्ध है, कल आएगा। (The writer whose novel is famous will come tomorrow.)

When using 'जिसका' in complex sentences, it often pairs with a correlative pronoun in the main clause. While English says 'The boy whose book I have is my friend,' Hindi often structures it as 'जिस लड़के की किताब मेरे पास है, वह मेरा दोस्त है' or 'वह लड़का जिसका कोट नीला है, मेरा भाई है'. In the latter, 'वह' (he/that) acts as the anchor for the relative clause starting with 'जिसका'. This 'Relative-Correlative' pairing (Jo... Voh, Jiska... Uska) is a foundational aspect of Hindi syntax that provides clarity in long sentences.

Agreement Table: जिसका (Masc. Sing.), जिसकी (Fem. Sing./Plur.), जिसके (Masc. Plur. or Honorific).

वह बच्चा जिसका खिलौना टूट गया, रो रहा है। (The child whose toy broke is crying.)

Finally, 'जिसका' can be used in more abstract ways. Consider the phrase 'जिसका कोई नहीं' (He who has no one). Here, 'जिसका' stands in for a person, and the possession is the existence of 'anyone' (कोई). This is a common idiomatic way to refer to someone who is alone or orphaned. Such usages show the versatility of 'जिसका' beyond simple physical possession, extending into social and emotional relationships. By practicing these different sentence patterns, you will develop a natural feel for when to use 'जिसका' and how to ensure it agrees with the rest of your sentence.

The word जिसका (jiskā) is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking environments, ranging from the high-flown language of Bollywood lyrics to the pragmatic sentences of a news anchor. If you are watching a Hindi film, you might hear a hero say, 'जिसका मुझे था इंतज़ार' (The one for whom I was waiting / whose wait I had). This line from a famous song illustrates how 'जिसका' can refer to a person who is the object of an action or emotion. In songs, the relative pronoun creates a sense of longing and specificity that is very poetic.

In News and Media: Reporters use 'जिसका' to provide background on people in the news. 'वह अपराधी जिसका रिकॉर्ड पुराना है...' (The criminal whose record is old...).

यह वह फ़िल्म है जिसका बजट बहुत बड़ा है। (This is the film whose budget is very large.)

In daily life, you will hear 'जिसका' in marketplaces or public transport. If someone leaves a bag on a bus, the conductor might shout, 'यह किसका बैग है?' (Whose bag is this?), and a passenger might reply by pointing to someone and saying, 'वह आदमी जिसका बैग वहाँ है' (That man whose bag is there). It is a vital tool for clarification. In the workplace, a manager might say, 'वह प्रोजेक्ट जिसका काम अधूरा है' (The project whose work is incomplete), focusing the team's attention on a specific task. Its frequency in professional settings highlights its role in precise communication.

वह छात्र जिसका उत्तर सही है, हाथ उठाए। (The student whose answer is correct, please raise your hand.)

Furthermore, in religious or philosophical discourses, 'जिसका' is used to refer to the Divine or abstract concepts. Phrases like 'जिसका कोई अंत नहीं' (That which has no end) are common in spiritual texts to describe the infinite. This shows that the word scales from the most mundane tasks (identifying a bag) to the most profound philosophical inquiries. Whether you are reading a newspaper, listening to a podcast, or chatting with a neighbor in Delhi, 'जिसका' will appear frequently as a way to add detail and context to the conversation. It is one of those 'glue' words that holds complex thoughts together.

Social Media Usage: You'll see it in captions: 'वह दोस्त जिसका बर्थडे आज है' (The friend whose birthday is today).

वह घर जिसका किराया कम है, बुक हो गया। (The house whose rent is low has been booked.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with जिसका (jiskā) is failing to apply the gender agreement rule. Because English uses 'whose' for everything, learners often default to 'जिसका' regardless of what follows. However, if the possessed object is feminine, you must use 'जिसकी' (jiskī), and if it is masculine plural, you must use 'जिसके' (jiske). For example, saying 'वह आदमी जिसका बेटी' is incorrect because 'बेटी' (daughter) is feminine; it must be 'वह आदमी जिसकी बेटी'.

Mistake 1: Gender Mismatch: Using 'जिसका' for feminine or plural nouns. Correct: जिसका भाई (brother), जिसकी बहन (sister), जिसके भाई (brothers).

Incorrect: वह शहर जिसका गलियाँ तंग हैं। (The city whose streets are narrow.)
Correct: वह शहर जिसकी गलियाँ तंग हैं।

Another common error is confusing 'जिसका' with 'किसका' (kiskā). 'जिसका' is a relative pronoun used in statements to link clauses, while 'किसका' is an interrogative pronoun used to ask questions. You cannot start a question with 'जिसका' if you are asking for information. For example, 'जिसका यह पेन है?' is wrong; it should be 'यह किसका पेन है?' (Whose pen is this?). Conversely, using 'किसका' in a relative clause like 'The man whose car is red...' would also be incorrect in Hindi.

Incorrect: जिसका फ़ोन बज रहा है?
Correct: किसका फ़ोन बज रहा है? (Whose phone is ringing?)

Learners also sometimes forget the honorific use of 'जिसके'. When referring to someone with respect (like a teacher or father), even if the possessed object is singular, the plural/honorific form 'जिसके' is often used if the possessor is being treated with high respect in a formal context, though 'जिसका' is grammatically standard for singular objects. However, the most vital thing is to avoid the 'English brain' trap of ignoring the gender of the object. Always pause and ask: 'Is the thing being possessed masculine or feminine?' This simple check will eliminate 90% of errors with this word.

Mistake 2: Confusing with Interrogatives: Using 'Jiska' for questions. Remember: J-words are for joining, K-words are for questioning.

Incorrect: वह आदमी किसका बेटा यहाँ है।
Correct: वह आदमी जिसका बेटा यहाँ है। (The man whose son is here.)

To fully understand जिसका (jiskā), it is helpful to look at its counterparts and synonyms. The most direct alternatives are its gendered and numbered variations: जिसकी (jiskī) and जिसके (jiske). These are not different words but different forms of the same grammatical concept. Choosing between them is purely a matter of grammatical agreement with the possessed noun. In some informal contexts, people might use 'जो' (jo) with a different construction to avoid the possessive, but 'जिसका' remains the most precise way to express 'whose'.

जिसका vs. जिसका कि: Sometimes 'कि' (ki) is added after 'जिसका' in very formal or literary Hindi to further emphasize the relative clause, though this is becoming less common in spoken Hindi.
जिसका vs. किसका: Relative (Jiska) vs. Interrogative (Kiska). 'Jiska' relates; 'Kiska' asks.

वह लड़का जिसका घर पास है। (The boy whose house is nearby.) vs. किसका घर पास है? (Whose house is nearby?)

Another set of related words are the demonstrative possessives: उसका (uskā) and इसका (iskā). While 'जिसका' is relative (whose), 'उसका' means 'his/her/its' (referring to someone far) and 'इसका' means 'his/her/its' (referring to someone near). In a sentence, 'जिसका' often sets up the subject, and 'उसका' might be used later to refer back to it. For example, 'जिसका काम अच्छा है, उसका इनाम मिलेगा' (He whose work is good, his reward will be received). This pairing is a classic feature of Hindi grammar.

वह पेन जिसका रंग नीला है। (The pen whose color is blue.) vs. उसका रंग नीला है। (Its color is blue.)

In some dialects or very colloquial speech, you might hear 'जिसका' replaced by a simpler 'जो' (jo) followed by a possessive later in the sentence, like 'वह लड़का जो है, उसका भाई...' (That boy who is, his brother...). While understandable, this is considered less elegant than using 'जिसका' directly. Understanding these nuances helps you choose the right level of formality and precision. By comparing 'जिसका' with its interrogative and demonstrative cousins, you build a mental map of how possession and relation work in the Hindi language.

Summary of Forms: Jiska (Whose), Kiska (Whose?), Uska (His/Her), Iska (His/Her - near).

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"वह नागरिक जिसका आवेदन स्वीकार कर लिया गया है, कल आए।"

중립

"वह लड़का जिसका बैग यहाँ है, मेरा भाई है।"

비격식체

"अरे वही यार, जिसका फ़ोन कल चोरी हुआ था।"

Child friendly

"वह हाथी जिसका कान बहुत बड़ा है।"

속어

"जिसका सीन सॉर्टेड है, वो चिल करे।"

재미있는 사실

The 'j' sound in Hindi relative pronouns (jo, jiska, jahan) corresponds to the 'wh' sound in English relative pronouns (who, whose, where). This is a classic example of Indo-European language connections!

발음 가이드

UK /dʒɪs.kɑː/

US /dʒɪs.kɑ/

The stress is slightly more on the second syllable '-kā', but Hindi generally has even syllable stress.

라임이 맞는 단어

इसका (iskā) उसका (uskā) किसका (kiskā) तिसका (tiskā - archaic) पक्का (pakkā) मक्का (makkā) चक्का (chakkā) हक्का (hakkā)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'j' as 'z'.
Making the 'i' too long like 'ee' (jeeskā).
Aspirating the 'k' (making it sound like 'kh').
Shortening the final 'ā' (making it sound like 'jisk').
Nasalizing the final vowel incorrectly.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize in text once you know the 'Jo' family of words.

쓰기 4/5

Requires careful attention to the gender of the following noun.

말하기 4/5

Hard to remember to change the ending (a/i/e) in real-time conversation.

듣기 3/5

Can be confused with 'kiska' if the speaker is fast.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

जो (Jo) का (Ka) लड़का (Ladka) नाम (Naam) घर (Ghar)

다음에 배울 것

जिसकी (Jiski) जिसके (Jiske) जिनका (Jinka) जिसको (Jisko) जिसने (Jisne)

고급

यद्यपि (Yadyapi) तथापि (Tathapi) फलस्वरूप (Phalswarup) अतः (Atah)

알아야 할 문법

Relative-Correlative Pairing

जिसका... उसका... (Whose... his...)

Gender Agreement with Possessed Noun

जिसका (M.S.), जिसकी (F.), जिसके (M.P.)

Oblique Case of 'Jo'

'Jo' becomes 'Jis' before postpositions like 'ka'.

Honorific Plurality

Using 'जिनका' for respected individuals.

Position in Sentence

Relative clauses usually follow the noun they modify.

수준별 예문

वह लड़का जिसका कुत्ता बड़ा है।

The boy whose dog is big.

'कुत्ता' (dog) is masculine singular, so we use 'जिसका'.

वह आदमी जिसका नाम राम है।

The man whose name is Ram.

'नाम' (name) is masculine singular.

वह घर जिसका दरवाज़ा लाल है।

The house whose door is red.

'दरवाज़ा' (door) is masculine singular.

वह बच्चा जिसका खिलौना यहाँ है।

The child whose toy is here.

'खिलौना' (toy) is masculine singular.

वह शहर जिसका खाना अच्छा है।

The city whose food is good.

'खाना' (food) is masculine singular.

वह दोस्त जिसका भाई स्कूल में है।

The friend whose brother is in school.

'भाई' (brother) is masculine singular.

वह कमरा जिसका पंखा चल रहा है।

The room whose fan is running.

'पंखा' (fan) is masculine singular.

वह बाग जिसका माली बूढ़ा है।

The garden whose gardener is old.

'माली' (gardener) is masculine singular.

वह छात्र जिसका बैग नीला है, मेरा दोस्त है।

The student whose bag is blue is my friend.

Combines two clauses using 'जिसका'.

यह वही होटल है जिसका कमरा साफ़ है।

This is the same hotel whose room is clean.

'कमरा' (room) is masculine singular.

वह आदमी जिसका बेटा डॉक्टर है, यहाँ रहता है।

The man whose son is a doctor lives here.

'बेटा' (son) is masculine singular.

वह गाँव जिसका रास्ता खराब है, दूर है।

The village whose road is bad is far away.

'रास्ता' (road) is masculine singular.

वह फल जिसका स्वाद मीठा है, मुझे पसंद है।

I like the fruit whose taste is sweet.

'स्वाद' (taste) is masculine singular.

वह मोबाइल जिसका कैमरा अच्छा है, महँगा है।

The mobile whose camera is good is expensive.

'कैमरा' (camera) is masculine singular.

वह लेखक जिसका उपन्यास प्रसिद्ध है, कल आएगा।

The writer whose novel is famous will come tomorrow.

'उपन्यास' (novel) is masculine singular.

वह मंदिर जिसका शिखर ऊँचा है, बहुत पुराना है।

The temple whose spire is high is very old.

'शिखर' (spire/peak) is masculine singular.

जिसका काम सबसे अच्छा होगा, उसे इनाम मिलेगा।

He whose work is the best will get a prize.

Uses 'जिसका' in a conditional relative-correlative structure.

वह फिल्म जिसका संगीत ए.आर. रहमान ने दिया है, हिट है।

The film whose music is by A.R. Rahman is a hit.

'संगीत' (music) is masculine singular.

यह वह समस्या है जिसका समाधान हमें ढूंढना है।

This is the problem whose solution we have to find.

'समाधान' (solution) is masculine singular.

वह देश जिसका इतिहास गौरवशाली है, प्रगति कर रहा है।

The country whose history is glorious is progressing.

'इतिहास' (history) is masculine singular.

वह व्यक्ति जिसका आत्मविश्वास मज़बूत है, सफल होता है।

The person whose self-confidence is strong becomes successful.

'आत्मविश्वास' (self-confidence) is masculine singular.

जिसका कोई नहीं होता, उसका भगवान होता है।

He who has no one, has God.

A common spiritual proverb using 'जिसका'.

वह व्यापार जिसका मुनाफा बढ़ रहा है, अच्छा निवेश है।

The business whose profit is increasing is a good investment.

'मुनाफा' (profit) is masculine singular.

वह कानून जिसका पालन सब करते हैं, समाज के लिए अच्छा है।

The law which everyone follows is good for society.

'पालन' (following/observance) is masculine singular.

यह एक ऐसी नीति है जिसका प्रभाव दूरगामी होगा।

This is a policy whose impact will be far-reaching.

'प्रभाव' (impact/effect) is masculine singular.

वह वैज्ञानिक जिसका शोध कैंसर के इलाज में सहायक है, सम्मानित हुआ।

The scientist whose research is helpful in treating cancer was honored.

'शोध' (research) is masculine singular.

जिसका चरित्र उज्ज्वल है, उसे किसी से डरने की ज़रूरत नहीं।

He whose character is bright (pure) does not need to fear anyone.

'चरित्र' (character) is masculine singular.

वह संस्था जिसका मुख्य उद्देश्य शिक्षा फैलाना है, बहुत पुरानी है।

The organization whose main objective is to spread education is very old.

'उद्देश्य' (objective) is masculine singular.

यह वह क्षण था जिसका हमें वर्षों से इंतज़ार था।

This was the moment for which we had been waiting for years.

'इंतज़ार' (wait) is masculine singular.

वह कवि जिसका लेखन समाज को आईना दिखाता है, लोकप्रिय है।

The poet whose writing shows a mirror to society is popular.

'लेखन' (writing) is masculine singular.

वह सिद्धांत जिसका आधार तर्क है, आसानी से नकारा नहीं जा सकता।

The theory whose basis is logic cannot be easily rejected.

'आधार' (basis) is masculine singular.

वह कलाकार जिसका प्रदर्शन अद्भुत था, सबको पसंद आया।

The artist whose performance was wonderful was liked by everyone.

'प्रदर्शन' (performance) is masculine singular.

यह एक ऐसा दर्शन है जिसका सार मानवतावाद में निहित है।

This is a philosophy whose essence lies in humanism.

'सार' (essence) is masculine singular.

वह राजनेता जिसका भाषण जनता को प्रेरित करने में सक्षम था, चुनाव जीत गया।

The politician whose speech was capable of inspiring the public won the election.

'भाषण' (speech) is masculine singular.

जिसका विवेक जाग्रत है, वह कभी अधर्म के मार्ग पर नहीं चलेगा।

He whose conscience is awake will never walk on the path of unrighteousness.

'विवेक' (conscience/wisdom) is masculine singular.

वह ग्रंथ जिसका अनुवाद कई भाषाओं में हो चुका है, विश्व प्रसिद्ध है।

The scripture whose translation has been done in many languages is world-famous.

'अनुवाद' (translation) is masculine singular.

यह वह जटिल मुद्दा है जिसका पक्ष-विपक्ष समझना अनिवार्य है।

This is the complex issue whose pros and cons it is mandatory to understand.

'पक्ष-विपक्ष' (pros and cons) is treated as a masculine singular concept here.

वह आंदोलन जिसका नेतृत्व युवाओं ने किया, सफल रहा।

The movement whose leadership was done by the youth was successful.

'नेतृत्व' (leadership) is masculine singular.

वह शैली जिसका उपयोग इस चित्र में किया गया है, अद्वितीय है।

The style which has been used in this painting is unique.

'उपयोग' (use) is masculine singular.

जिसका मन शांत है, वही वास्तविक सुख का अनुभव कर सकता है।

Only he whose mind is calm can experience true happiness.

'मन' (mind) is masculine singular.

यह वह कालखंड था जिसका प्रभाव भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप की नियति पर अमिट रहा।

This was the era whose impact on the destiny of the Indian subcontinent remained indelible.

'प्रभाव' (impact) is masculine singular.

वह दार्शनिक जिसका चिंतन अस्तित्ववाद की गहराइयों को छूता है, आज भी प्रासंगिक है।

The philosopher whose thought touches the depths of existentialism is still relevant today.

'चिंतन' (thought/contemplation) is masculine singular.

जिसका संकल्प अडिग है, उसके लिए हिमालय भी एक छोटी बाधा मात्र है।

For him whose resolve is unwavering, even the Himalayas are but a small obstacle.

'संकल्प' (resolve/determination) is masculine singular.

वह विन्यास जिसका सूक्ष्म विश्लेषण यहाँ प्रस्तुत है, अत्यंत पेचीदा है।

The configuration whose detailed analysis is presented here is extremely intricate.

'सूक्ष्म विश्लेषण' (detailed analysis) is masculine singular.

वह कृतित्व जिसका मूल्यांकन समय की कसौटी पर होगा, कालजयी माना जाएगा।

The body of work whose evaluation will be on the touchstone of time will be considered timeless.

'मूल्यांकन' (evaluation) is masculine singular.

यह वह संधि है जिसका मसौदा महीनों की बातचीत के बाद तैयार हुआ।

This is the treaty whose draft was prepared after months of negotiations.

'मसौदा' (draft) is masculine singular.

वह व्यक्तित्व जिसका आकर्षण सर्वव्यापी था, जन-जन का प्रिय बन गया।

The personality whose charm was universal became the favorite of every person.

'आकर्षण' (charm/attraction) is masculine singular.

जिसका अंत भला, उसका सब भला।

All's well that ends well (He whose end is good, his everything is good).

A classic idiomatic usage of 'जिसका' in a proverb.

자주 쓰는 조합

जिसका नाम

जिसका घर

जिसका भाई

जिसका काम

जिसका कोई नहीं

जिसका उत्तर

जिसका अंत

जिसका प्रभाव

जिसका अर्थ

जिसका इंतज़ार

자주 쓰는 구문

जिसका जैसा काम

जिसका मन साफ़ है

जिसका कोई ठिकाना नहीं

जिसका लाठी उसकी भैंस

जिसका दिल बड़ा है

जिसका भाग्य अच्छा है

जिसका साथ

जिसका उद्देश्य

जिसका ज़िक्र

जिसका मूल्य

자주 혼동되는 단어

जिसका vs किसका (Kiska)

Kiska is for questions (Whose?), Jiska is for statements (whose).

जिसका vs जिसकी (Jiski)

Jiski is for feminine objects, Jiska is for masculine singular.

जिसका vs जिसके (Jiske)

Jiske is for masculine plural or honorific objects.

관용어 및 표현

"जिसका काम उसी को साजे"

A person is best suited for the work they are trained for. Others will fail at it.

तुम यह मरम्मत मत करो, जिसका काम उसी को साजे।

Colloquial

"जिसका खाया उसका गाया"

To be loyal to the person who provides for you. To sing the praises of one's benefactor.

वह हमेशा अपने मालिक की तरफदारी करता है, आखिर जिसका खाया उसका गाया।

Informal

"जिसका कोई नहीं उसका खुदा"

God helps those who have no one else to turn to.

अकेले मत डरो, जिसका कोई नहीं उसका खुदा है।

Poetic/Religious

"जिसका घर शीशे का हो"

Those who live in glass houses (shouldn't throw stones). Used to warn against hypocrisy.

दूसरों पर मत हँसो, जिसका घर शीशे का हो उसे पत्थर नहीं फेंकने चाहिए।

Literary

"जिसका उदय उसका अस्त"

Whatever rises must set. Used to describe the cycle of life or power.

अहंकार मत करो, जिसका उदय उसका अस्त निश्चित है।

Philosophical

"जिसका जैसा भाव"

As a person's intention is, so they perceive things.

दुनिया वैसी ही दिखती है जिसका जैसा भाव होता है।

Spiritual

"जिसका पल्ला भारी"

He who has the upper hand or more influence.

चुनाव में अभी उसी का पल्ला भारी है जिसका प्रचार अच्छा है।

Political/Informal

"जिसका हाथ ऊपर"

The one who is in a position to give or help; the superior one.

हमेशा वही जीतता है जिसका हाथ ऊपर होता है।

General

"जिसका सर ऊँचा"

One who is proud or has lived with integrity.

वह वही सिपाही है जिसका सर हमेशा ऊँचा रहा।

Patriotic

"जिसका अंत भला"

All's well that ends well. Focuses on the final outcome.

शुरुआत मुश्किल थी पर जिसका अंत भला उसका सब भला।

Common

혼동하기 쉬운

जिसका vs किसका

Both mean 'whose' in English.

Kiska is interrogative (used in questions). Jiska is relative (used to join clauses). You cannot use Jiska to ask a question.

यह किसका पेन है? (Whose pen is this?) vs वह लड़का जिसका पेन यह है। (The boy whose pen this is.)

जिसका vs जिसकी

They are forms of the same word.

Jiska is used for masculine singular possessed objects. Jiski is used for feminine possessed objects (singular or plural).

जिसका भाई (brother) vs जिसकी बहन (sister).

जिसका vs जिसके

They are forms of the same word.

Jiska is for masculine singular. Jiske is for masculine plural or when showing respect to the possessed person.

जिसका बेटा (one son) vs जिसके बेटे (multiple sons).

जिसका vs जिसको

Both start with 'Jis'.

Jiska means 'whose' (possession). Jisko means 'to whom' (object of a verb).

जिसका नाम (whose name) vs जिसको मैंने देखा (whom I saw).

जिसका vs जिससे

Both start with 'Jis'.

Jiska means 'whose'. Jisse means 'from whom' or 'with which'.

जिसका घर (whose house) vs जिससे मैंने बात की (with whom I talked).

문장 패턴

वह [Noun] जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Adjective] है।

वह लड़का जिसका कुत्ता काला है।

वह [Noun] जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Verb] है, मेरा [Relation] है।

वह आदमी जिसका बेटा डॉक्टर है, मेरा चाचा है।

जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Condition] होगा, उसे [Result] मिलेगा।

जिसका काम अच्छा होगा, उसे इनाम मिलेगा।

यह एक ऐसी [Noun] है जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Description] है।

यह एक ऐसी समस्या है जिसका समाधान कठिन है।

वह [Abstract Noun] जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Complex Description]...

वह दर्शन जिसका आधार तर्क है, प्रभावशाली है।

जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Philosophical Statement]...

जिसका अंत भला, उसका सब भला।

यह वही [Noun] है जिसका [M.S. Noun]...

यह वही होटल है जिसका कमरा साफ़ है।

वह [Noun] जिसका [M.S. Noun] [Name] है।

वह लेखक जिसका नाम प्रेमचंद है।

어휘 가족

명사

사용법

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Hindi.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'जिसका' for a feminine noun. → जिसकी
If you say 'जिसका बहन', it's wrong because 'बहन' is feminine. It must be 'जिसकी बहन'.
Using 'जिसका' to ask a question. → किसका
Don't say 'जिसका फ़ोन है?'. Say 'यह किसका फ़ोन है?'. 'J' is for joining, 'K' is for questions.
Forgetting agreement with plural nouns. → जिसके
For 'brothers' (भाई - plural), use 'जिसके भाई', not 'जिसका भाई'.
Using 'जिसका' for a respected elder. → जिनका
To be polite to a teacher or father, use the honorific plural 'जिनका'.
Misplacing 'जिसका' in the sentence. → Immediately after the noun it modifies.
The relative pronoun should usually follow the noun it's describing for clarity.

팁

The Gender Rule

Always look at the noun *after* 'जिसका'. If it's masculine singular, you're good. If not, change the ending!

J vs K

J is for Joining (relative), K is for Kuestion (interrogative). Never use Jiska for a question!

Pairing

Try to pair 'जिसका' with 'उसका' in the second half of your sentence to sound more like a native speaker.

Context Clues

If you hear 'जिसका' at the start of a sentence, expect a 'then' or 'he/she' part later on.

Avoid Repetition

Use 'जिसका' to combine two sentences about the same person. It makes your writing flow much better.

Honorifics

Use 'जिनका' for elders. It shows you understand Indian social etiquette.

Abstract Nouns

Don't just use 'जिसका' for physical things. Use it for 'नाम' (name), 'काम' (work), and 'उद्देश्य' (purpose).

Daily Object Game

Pick an object in your room and describe it: 'वह मेज़ जिसका पैर टूटा है' (The table whose leg is broken).

Watch the 'A'

If the next word ends in 'i' (feminine), 'जिसका' must also end in 'i'. Agreement is key!

Relative Clauses

Mastering 'जिसका' is the first step to mastering all relative pronouns (jahan, jab, jaise).

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'J' for 'Joining'. 'Jiska' joins two parts of a sentence together. 'Kiska' (with a K) is for 'Questions' (like 'K'uestions).

시각적 연상

Imagine a bridge (Jiska) connecting a person to their house. The bridge is only for men (masculine) and single items (singular).

Word Web

जो (Jo) जिस (Jis) का (Ka) जिसका (Jiska) जिसकी (Jiski) जिसके (Jiske) उसका (Uska) किसका (Kiska)

챌린지

Try to describe three things in your room using 'जिसका'. For example: 'वह मेज़ जिसका रंग भूरा है' (The table whose color is brown).

어원

Derived from the Sanskrit relative pronoun 'यद्' (yad). In Sanskrit, the genitive masculine singular is 'यस्य' (yasya).

원래 의미: Of whom / whose.

Indo-Aryan

문화적 맥락

When using 'जिसका' for people, ensure you use the honorific 'जिनका' (jinkā) if the person is an elder or in a position of authority to avoid sounding rude.

English speakers often struggle because 'whose' is one word, but Hindi has three (jiska, jiski, jiske). Focus on the object, not the person.

Song: 'Jiska Mujhe Tha Intezar' from the movie Don. Proverb: 'Jiski lathi uski bhains' (Might is right). Poem: Harivansh Rai Bachchan's works often use relative pronouns for rhythm.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Introducing People

वह मेरा दोस्त है जिसका नाम...
वह लड़का जिसका भाई...
वह आदमी जिसका काम...
वह औरत जिसका बेटा...

Describing Objects

वह घर जिसका रंग...
वह कार जिसका इंजन...
वह फ़ोन जिसका कैमरा...
वह कमरा जिसका दरवाज़ा...

Setting Conditions

जिसका काम पूरा है...
जिसका उत्तर सही है...
जिसका टिकट है...
जिसका नाम लिस्ट में है...

Storytelling

एक राजा था जिसका...
एक जंगल था जिसका...
एक जादूगर जिसका...
एक सपना जिसका...

Legal/Official

वह व्यक्ति जिसका हस्ताक्षर...
वह संपत्ति जिसका विवरण...
वह पक्ष जिसका दावा...
वह नियम जिसका उल्लंघन...

대화 시작하기

"क्या आप उस लड़के को जानते हैं जिसका भाई यहाँ पढ़ता है?"

"वह कौन सी फिल्म है जिसका गाना आपको सबसे पसंद है?"

"क्या आपने वह घर देखा जिसका दरवाज़ा नीला है?"

"वह कौन सा शहर है जिसका खाना सबसे अच्छा है?"

"क्या आपको वह कहानी याद है जिसका अंत बहुत डरावना था?"

일기 주제

अपने उस दोस्त के बारे में लिखें जिसका स्वभाव आपको सबसे अच्छा लगता है।

एक ऐसी जगह का वर्णन करें जिसका नज़ारा आपको आज भी याद है।

उस फिल्म के बारे में लिखें जिसका संगीत आपके दिल के करीब है।

एक ऐसे व्यक्ति के बारे में लिखें जिसका जीवन आपके लिए प्रेरणा है।

अपने बचपन के उस खिलौने के बारे में लिखें जिसका रंग लाल था।

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, it does not. In Hindi, possessive words like 'जिसका' agree with the object being owned, not the owner. So, whether a man owns a house or a woman owns a house, it will be 'जिसका घर' because 'घर' (house) is masculine singular. This is different from English where 'his' and 'her' change based on the owner.

You use 'जिसकी' when the noun immediately following it is feminine. For example, 'किताब' (book) is feminine, so you say 'जिसकी किताब'. 'बहन' (sister) is feminine, so you say 'जिसकी बहन'. Always check the gender of the possessed noun.

No. 'जिसका' is only for joining sentences or providing more information. To ask 'Whose is this?', you must use 'किसका' (kiskā). For example: 'यह किसका है?' (Whose is this?). Using 'जिसका' in a question is a common beginner mistake.

'जिसका' is for a singular possessor in a neutral context. 'जिनका' is the plural or honorific form. Use 'जिनका' when referring to multiple people (e.g., 'those people whose...') or when referring to one person with respect (e.g., 'the teacher whose...').

Yes, 'जिसका' is versatile. You can use it for people ('the man whose...'), animals ('the dog whose...'), and inanimate objects ('the company whose...'). As long as the possessed object is masculine singular, 'जिसका' is correct.

For plural masculine objects, you use 'जिसके' (jiske). For example, 'the man whose sons are here' would be 'वह आदमी जिसके बेटे यहाँ हैं'. 'बेटे' is the plural of 'बेटा' (son).

Yes, it often is in proverbs or conditional sentences. For example, 'जिसका काम पूरा है, वह जा सकता है' (He whose work is complete can go). In these cases, it sets up a relative clause that is followed by a main clause.

Very common! It's used to describe the 'beloved' or a feeling. A famous example is 'जिसका मुझे था इंतज़ार' (The one for whom I was waiting). It adds a poetic touch to the lyrics.

'जिसका' itself is already formed from the oblique 'जिस'. It doesn't change further when other postpositions are added; instead, you would use a different word like 'जिसके लिए' (for whom) or 'जिसके पास' (with whom).

Think of 'J' for 'Joining' (relative) and 'I' for 'Indicating' (pointing to someone near). 'Jiska' = whose (joining clauses), 'Iska' = his/her (pointing to this person).