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A2 adjective #400 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

नई

상위 400

At the A1 level, 'naī' is introduced as a basic descriptive word. Learners are taught that Hindi has two genders and that 'naī' is the word for 'new' when talking about feminine things like a 'gāṛī' (car) or 'kitāb' (book). The focus is on simple subject-adjective-noun structures. A1 students learn to say 'Yeh naī hai' (This is new) and 'Yeh naī kitāb hai' (This is a new book). The primary goal is to recognize the 'ī' ending as a marker for feminine agreement.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'naī' in more varied contexts. They learn that 'naī' does not change in the plural for feminine nouns (e.g., 'naī kitābeṃ'). They also start using it with a wider range of feminine nouns like 'jagah' (place), 'subah' (morning), and 'dukkān' (shop). A2 learners should be able to use 'naī' in simple past and future sentences, such as 'Maine naī gāṛī kharīdī' (I bought a new car).

B1 learners use 'naī' to describe abstract concepts and more complex situations. They move beyond physical objects to talk about 'naī yojnā' (new plans), 'naī niti' (new policy), and 'naī chunautī' (new challenge). At this level, students should be comfortable using 'naī' in the oblique case (e.g., 'naī dukān meṃ') and understand that it remains invariable. They also start to distinguish 'naī' from synonyms like 'tāzā' or 'navīn' based on context.

At the B2 level, 'naī' is used fluently in idiomatic expressions and complex sentence structures. Learners understand nuances like 'naī नवेली' (brand new) and can use 'naī' to express subtle shifts in meaning. They can participate in discussions about 'naī pīṛhī' (the new generation) or 'naī tahlkā' (a new sensation/stir). Their usage is grammatically perfect across all tenses and moods, including conditional and passive voices.

C1 learners use 'naī' with stylistic precision. They might choose 'naī' over more formal synonyms to sound more grounded or 'desi', or they might use it in poetic contexts. They understand the historical etymology and how 'naī' functions in different Hindi dialects. They can analyze literature where 'naī' might symbolize rebirth or social change, and they can use it in high-level professional debates about 'naī arthvyavasthā' (the new economy).

At the C2 level, the use of 'naī' is indistinguishable from a native speaker. The learner has an intuitive grasp of when 'naī' is the most impactful word choice. They can play with the word in puns, poetry, and complex rhetoric. They understand the cultural weight of 'newness' in Indian society and can use 'naī' to navigate sensitive cultural discussions with perfect tone and register.

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

नई 30초 만에

नई (naī) is the feminine form of 'new' in Hindi, used exclusively with feminine nouns like car, book, or shop.
Unlike the masculine 'nayā', 'naī' remains the same for both singular and plural feminine nouns, which simplifies its usage.
It can describe physical objects (new clothes) as well as abstract concepts (new beginnings or new policies).
It is a high-frequency word essential for basic and intermediate Hindi communication, appearing in markets, news, and daily life.

The Hindi word नई (naī) is the feminine form of the adjective meaning 'new' or 'fresh'. In Hindi, adjectives must agree with the gender and number of the noun they modify. Since Hindi nouns are categorized as either masculine or feminine, naī is strictly reserved for feminine nouns, whether they are singular or plural. This word is fundamental for anyone reaching the A2 level because it moves beyond basic identification and allows for descriptive complexity in daily conversation.

Core Meaning: It denotes something that has recently come into existence, been recently made, or is being encountered for the first time. It is the direct equivalent of the English word 'new' but with a specific grammatical gender constraint.
Grammatical Agreement: Unlike the masculine form 'nayā' which changes to 'naye' in the plural or oblique cases, 'naī' remains 'naī' regardless of whether the feminine noun is singular, plural, or followed by a postposition. This makes it a stable and reliable word once you identify the noun's gender.

मैंने एक नई गाड़ी खरीदी है। (Maine ek naī gāṛī kharīdī hai.)

Translation: I have bought a new car. (Note: 'Gāṛī' is feminine, hence 'naī' is used.)

People use naī in a vast array of contexts. In a marketplace, you might hear a shopkeeper shouting about 'naī designs' or 'naī sārī' (new saris). In a corporate setting, a manager might introduce a 'naī niti' (new policy) or a 'naī yojnā' (new plan). Even in emotional contexts, one might speak of a 'naī shuruāt' (new beginning) or a 'naī ummīd' (new hope). The versatility of the word lies in its ability to describe both physical objects and abstract concepts.

यह नई तकनीक बहुत प्रभावशाली है। (Yeh naī taknīk bahut prabhāvshālī hai.)

Translation: This new technology is very effective.

Freshness Context: While 'tāzā' is usually used for food, 'naī' can imply freshness in terms of time, such as 'naī subah' (a new/fresh morning) or 'naī kopal' (a new bud/shoot on a plant).

In modern urban Hindi, you will also hear 'naī' used in slang or informal settings to describe something trendy or 'cool'. For example, 'naī generation' (the new generation) or 'naī wave' (a new wave/trend). Because it is a high-frequency word, mastering its pronunciation—a clean 'na' followed by a long 'ee' sound—is essential for sounding natural. Avoid nasalizing the final vowel, as that would change the meaning or sound like a different dialect.

क्या आपके पास कोई नई खबर है? (Kyā āpke pās koī naī khabar hai?)

Translation: Do you have any new news?

Using नई (naī) correctly requires a solid understanding of Hindi noun genders. Since 'naī' is the feminine form, it must precede or follow a feminine noun. In Hindi, adjectives usually come before the noun they describe (attributive use), but they can also come after the noun when linked by a verb like 'to be' (predicative use). Let's explore both scenarios to ensure you can construct sentences with confidence.

Attributive Use (Before the Noun): This is the most common way to use 'naī'. You place it directly before the feminine noun. For example: 'naī kitāb' (new book), 'naī kursī' (new chair), 'naī bāt' (new matter). In this position, it acts as a direct descriptor.

वह नई दुकान बहुत बड़ी है। (Vah naī dukān bahut baṛī hai.)

Translation: That new shop is very big.

Predicative Use (After the Noun): When you want to say 'The [noun] is new', you place 'naī' after the noun and before the verb 'hai' (is). For example: 'Yeh sārī naī hai' (This sari is new). Even in this position, the gender agreement remains strict.

One of the most powerful aspects of 'naī' is its use in the oblique case. In Hindi, many adjectives change their ending when followed by a postposition (like 'meṃ', 'se', 'ko'). However, 'naī' is an invariable feminine adjective. It does not change. Whether you are saying 'in the new shop' (naī dukān meṃ) or 'from the new car' (naī gāṛī se), the word 'naī' remains constant. This makes it much easier to use than its masculine counterpart.

हमें नई जगहों पर जाना पसंद है। (Humeṃ naī jagahoṃ par jānā pasand hai.)

Translation: We like going to new places. (Jageh/Jagah is feminine plural).

When constructing complex sentences, 'naī' can be paired with adverbs like 'bahut' (very) or 'bilkul' (completely). For instance, 'Yeh bilkul naī kahānī hai' (This is a completely new story). It can also be used in comparisons: 'Yeh gāṛī us gāṛī se zyādā naī hai' (This car is newer than that car). By practicing these patterns, you will move from simple identification to nuanced description.

क्या यह नई फिल्म अच्छी है? (Kyā yeh naī film acchī hai?)

Translation: Is this new movie good?

In the vibrant daily life of India, नई (naī) is a word that echoes through markets, news broadcasts, and family living rooms. It is a word of progress, consumerism, and change. Understanding the specific environments where this word thrives will help you recognize it instantly when you hear it in the wild.

The Marketplace (Bazaar): Shopping is perhaps the most common place to hear 'naī'. Shopkeepers will entice customers by saying 'Naī collection āyī hai' (A new collection has arrived) or 'Naī design dekhiye' (Look at the new design). Since many items of clothing like 'sārī', 'kurti', and 'tosh' (shawl) are feminine, 'naī' is the standard descriptor.

बाज़ार में नई सब्जियां आई हैं। (Bāzār meṃ naī sabziyāṃ āī haiṃ.)

Translation: New vegetables have arrived in the market.

In the world of media and news, 'naī' is indispensable. News anchors frequently report on 'naī sarkār' (the new government), 'naī nitiyāṃ' (new policies), or 'naī chunautiyāṃ' (new challenges). If you listen to Hindi news podcasts or watch channels like NDTV India, you will notice that 'naī' is used to signal breaking news or significant shifts in the political landscape.

Socially, 'naī' is used to introduce people or ideas. At a party, someone might introduce a 'naī saheli' (new female friend). In a classroom, a teacher might introduce a 'naī lesson' (actually 'pāṭh' is masculine, so they would say 'nayā pāṭh', but they might say 'naī exercise'). Interestingly, in the Hindi film industry (Bollywood), you often hear about 'naī star' (new female star) or 'naī film'. The word carries a sense of excitement and curiosity.

क्या आपने नई वेब सीरीज देखी? (Kyā āpne naī web series dekhī?)

Translation: Did you watch the new web series?

Daily Chores and Life: In the kitchen, a mother might ask for a 'naī chammach' (new spoon - though chammach is often masculine, in some dialects it is feminine; better example: 'naī thālī' - new plate). In the office, you might discuss a 'naī meeting' or 'naī deadline'.

Learning Hindi adjectives can be tricky because of the gender system. The most frequent errors with नई (naī) involve gender mismatch, confusion with plural forms, and pronunciation slips. By identifying these pitfalls early, you can avoid sounding like a beginner and communicate more like a native speaker.

Mistake 1: Using 'Nayā' for Feminine Nouns: This is the #1 mistake. Many learners default to the masculine 'nayā' for everything. Saying 'nayā gāṛī' is grammatically incorrect because 'gāṛī' (car) is feminine. You must use 'naī gāṛī'. Always check the gender of the noun before choosing the adjective form.

Incorrect: यह नया किताब है। (Yeh nayā kitāb hai.)
Correct: यह नई किताब है। (Yeh naī kitāb hai.)

Mistake 2: Over-pluralizing to 'Naiyāṃ': Learners often think that if the noun is plural (like 'kitābeṃ'), the adjective must also take a plural ending. While this is true for masculine adjectives (nayā -> naye), feminine adjectives ending in 'ī' do not change. There is no such word as 'naiyāṃ' in this context. It remains 'naī'.

Another common error is confusing 'naī' with 'nahīṃ' (no/not). While they sound somewhat similar to a beginner's ear, 'naī' has a clear 'ee' sound at the end, whereas 'nahīṃ' has a nasalized 'ee' and an 'h' sound. Mixing these up can lead to confusing sentences like 'I am not car' instead of 'I have a new car'.

Incorrect: मेरे पास नये साइकिल है। (Mere pās naye saikil hai.)
Correct: मेरे पास नई साइकिल है। (Mere pās naī saikil hai.)

Mistake 3: Misplacing the Adjective: In English, we say 'new car'. In Hindi, we also say 'naī gāṛī'. However, some learners try to translate word-for-word from languages where adjectives follow the noun. While 'Gāṛī naī hai' (The car is new) is correct, 'Gāṛī naī' as a standalone phrase for 'a new car' is not standard.

While नई (naī) is the most common word for 'new', Hindi offers a rich palette of synonyms that carry different shades of meaning. Choosing the right word can make your Hindi sound more formal, more poetic, or more precise. Let's look at how 'naī' compares to its closest relatives.

नई (naī) vs. ताज़ा (tāzā): 'Naī' means new in terms of existence or ownership. 'Tāzā' means fresh, usually referring to food, air, or news. You would say 'naī gāṛī' (new car) but 'tāzā phal' (fresh fruit). However, for news, you can use both: 'naī khabar' or 'tāzā khabar'.
नई (naī) vs. नवीन (navīn): 'Navīn' is a more formal, Sanskrit-derived word for 'new' or 'modern'. You will find it in literature, formal speeches, or academic writing. While 'naī' is used in daily conversation, 'navīn' is used for things like 'navīn yug' (a new era) or 'navīn vichār' (modern thoughts).

यह एक नवीन दृष्टिकोण है। (Yeh ek navīn dṛṣṭikoṇ hai.)

Translation: This is a novel/modern perspective. (More formal than 'naī').

Another alternative is ādhunik (modern). While 'naī' just means it wasn't there before, 'ādhunik' implies that it belongs to the current time or uses the latest technology. For example, 'naī imārat' is just a new building, but 'ādhunik imārat' is a modern building with contemporary features.

नई (naī) vs. ताज़ा-तरीन (tāzā-tarīn): This is an Urdu-influenced superlative meaning 'the very latest'. You often hear this on news channels: 'tāzā-tarīn samāchār' (the very latest news). It sounds more dramatic and urgent than just 'naī'.

Finally, consider the word anokhī (unique/novel). If something is 'new' because it is strange or unlike anything seen before, 'anokhī' might be a better fit. 'Naī kahānī' is just a new story; 'anokhī kahānī' is a unique, one-of-a-kind story.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"नई शिक्षा नीति के दूरगामी परिणाम होंगे।"

중립

"मैंने एक नई किताब खरीदी है।"

비격식체

"अरे, नई गाड़ी ली क्या?"

Child friendly

"देखो, तुम्हारी नई गुड़िया!"

속어

"क्या नई सीन है?"

재미있는 사실

The word 'naī' is cognate with the English word 'new'. If you look closely, the 'n' sound has remained consistent across thousands of miles and years of linguistic evolution.

발음 가이드

UK /nə.iː/

US /nə.i/

The stress is slightly more on the second syllable (the long 'ī').

라임이 맞는 단어

मई (maī - May) गई (gaī - went) सई (saī - correct) दई (daī - given) लई (laī - taken) खई (khaī - ditch) छई (chaī - shade) रई (raī - churner)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it as 'nay-ya' (which is the masculine form).
Nasalizing the end to sound like 'nahin' (no).
Shortening the final 'ī' to a quick 'i' sound.
Adding a 'y' sound in the middle like 'na-yi'.
Confusing it with 'naye' (masculine plural).

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the distinct 'ī' ending.

쓰기 3/5

Requires knowledge of noun gender to use correctly.

말하기 2/5

Simple pronunciation, but requires quick mental gender check.

듣기 2/5

Easy to hear, but don't confuse with 'nahīṃ'.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

नया (nayā) है (hai) किताब (kitāb) गाड़ी (gāṛī) लड़की (laṛkī)

다음에 배울 것

पुरानी (purānī) ताज़ा (tāzā) महंगी (mehangī) सस्ती (sastī)

고급

नवीनीकरण (navīnīkaraṇ) अर्वाचीन (arvāchīn) नूतन (nūtan)

알아야 할 문법

Gender Agreement

Adjectives ending in 'ī' are usually feminine.

Invariable Feminine Adjectives

'Naī' does not change in plural or oblique cases.

Adjective Placement

Usually comes before the noun (naī gāṛī).

Predicative Use

Can come after the noun with a linking verb (Gāṛī naī hai).

Oblique Case

Postpositions do not change 'naī' (naī dukān meṃ).

수준별 예문

यह नई किताब है।

This is a new book.

Kitāb is feminine, so we use naī.

मेरी गाड़ी नई है।

My car is new.

Gāṛī is feminine.

यह नई दुकान है।

This is a new shop.

Dukān is feminine.

क्या यह नई साइकिल है?

Is this a new bicycle?

Saikil is feminine.

वह नई लड़की है।

She is a new girl.

Laṛkī is feminine.

यह नई मेज़ है।

This is a new table.

Mez is feminine.

मेरी नई टोपी देखो।

Look at my new hat.

Topī is feminine.

यह नई पेंसिल है।

This is a new pencil.

Pensil is feminine.

मैंने एक नई साड़ी खरीदी।

I bought a new sari.

Past tense 'kharīdī' also agrees with the feminine object.

यहाँ बहुत सी नई दुकानें हैं।

There are many new shops here.

Naī remains the same for plural 'dukāneṃ'.

आज एक नई सुबह है।

Today is a new morning.

Subah is feminine.

क्या आपको नई फिल्म पसंद आई?

Did you like the new movie?

Film is feminine.

हम नई जगह जा रहे हैं।

We are going to a new place.

Jagah is feminine.

यह नई तकनीक बहुत अच्छी है।

This new technology is very good.

Taknīk is feminine.

उसने नई कहानी सुनाई।

He/She told a new story.

Kahānī is feminine.

मुझे नई भाषा सीखनी है।

I want to learn a new language.

Bhāṣā is feminine.

सरकार ने नई नीति लागू की है।

The government has implemented a new policy.

Nīti is feminine.

हमें नई चुनौतियों का सामना करना होगा।

We will have to face new challenges.

Chunautiyāṃ is feminine plural.

यह नई योजना बहुत सफल रही।

This new plan was very successful.

Yojnā is feminine.

वह नई संस्कृति के बारे में पढ़ रही है।

She is reading about the new culture.

Sanskruti is feminine.

नई पीढ़ी के विचार अलग हैं।

The thoughts of the new generation are different.

Pīṛhī is feminine.

हमें नई ऊर्जा की ज़रूरत है।

We need new energy.

Ūrjā is feminine.

क्या आपने नई रिपोर्ट पढ़ी?

Did you read the new report?

Riport is feminine.

यह नई खोज विज्ञान के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।

This new discovery is important for science.

Khoj is feminine.

उसने अपने जीवन की नई शुरुआत की।

He/She made a new beginning in his/her life.

Shuruāt is feminine.

यह नई तकनीक समाज में बदलाव लाएगी।

This new technology will bring change to society.

Taknīk is feminine.

नई नवेली दुल्हन घर आई।

The brand new bride came home.

Idiomatic use of 'naī navelī'.

फिल्म ने बॉक्स ऑफिस पर नई हलचल मचा दी।

The movie created a new stir at the box office.

Halchal is feminine.

हमें नई संभावनाओं को तलाशना चाहिए।

We should explore new possibilities.

Sambhāvnāoṃ is feminine plural oblique.

यह नई जानकारी बहुत गोपनीय है।

This new information is very confidential.

Jānkārī is feminine.

उसने नई ऊंचाइयों को छुआ।

He/She touched new heights.

Ūñchāiyoṃ is feminine plural.

नई शिक्षा नीति के कई फायदे हैं।

The new education policy has many benefits.

Shikshā is feminine.

साहित्य में नई प्रवृत्तियां उभर रही हैं।

New trends are emerging in literature.

Pravṛttiyāṃ is feminine plural.

नई आर्थिक व्यवस्था के अपने खतरे हैं।

The new economic system has its own risks.

Vyavasthā is feminine.

उसकी कविता में नई संवेदनाएं दिखती हैं।

New sensibilities are visible in his/her poetry.

Samvednāeṃ is feminine plural.

नई वैश्वीकरण की लहर ने सबको प्रभावित किया।

The new wave of globalization affected everyone.

Lahar is feminine.

नई चेतना का उदय समाज के लिए आवश्यक है।

The rise of a new consciousness is necessary for society.

Chetnā is feminine.

उसने नई विधा में लिखने का प्रयास किया।

He/She tried writing in a new genre.

Vidhā is feminine.

नई परिभाषाओं ने पुराने सिद्धांतों को बदल दिया।

New definitions changed the old principles.

Paribhāṣāoṃ is feminine plural oblique.

यह नई पहल ग्रामीण विकास के लिए है।

This new initiative is for rural development.

Pahal is feminine.

नई दार्शनिक मीमांसा ने बौद्धिक जगत को झकझोर दिया।

The new philosophical inquiry shook the intellectual world.

Mīmāṃsā is feminine.

उसकी कला में नई मौलिकता का समावेश है।

His/Her art includes a new originality.

Mauliktā is feminine.

नई राजनीतिक ध्रुवीकरण के परिणाम गंभीर हो सकते हैं।

The consequences of the new political polarization can be serious.

Dhruvīkaraṇ is technically masculine, but if used with 'naī', it refers to a feminine noun like 'sthiti' (situation). Correct usage: 'Naī sthiti'.

नई शब्दावली का प्रयोग सावधानी से करना चाहिए।

The new terminology should be used carefully.

Shabdāvalī is feminine.

नई वैश्विक व्यवस्था में भारत की भूमिका अहम है।

India's role in the new global order is important.

Vyavasthā is feminine.

नई वैज्ञानिक खोजों ने ब्रह्मांड के रहस्य खोले।

New scientific discoveries opened the mysteries of the universe.

Khojoṃ is feminine plural oblique.

नई सामाजिक संरचना में कई विसंगतियां हैं।

There are many anomalies in the new social structure.

Sanrachnā is feminine.

नई वैचारिक क्रांति की आवश्यकता है।

A new ideological revolution is needed.

Krānti is feminine.

자주 쓰는 조합

नई गाड़ी

नई किताब

नई जगह

नई फिल्म

नई तकनीक

नई योजना

नई शुरुआत

नई खबर

नई दुकान

नई पीढ़ी

자주 쓰는 구문

नई बात

नई दुनिया

नई रोशनी

नई उमंग

नई राह

नई सोच

नई जान

नई पहचान

नई लहर

नई सुबह

자주 혼동되는 단어

नई vs नहीं (nahīṃ)

Means 'no' or 'not'. Sounds similar but has a nasalized ending and an 'h' sound.

नई vs नया (nayā)

The masculine form of 'new'. Using it with feminine nouns is a common error.

नई vs नये (naye)

The masculine plural or oblique form. Often confused with the feminine 'naī'.

관용어 및 표현

"नई नवेली"

Brand new; often used for a new bride or a pristine object.

वह नई नवेली दुल्हन जैसी लग रही है।

Informal/Cultural

"नई जान फूंकना"

To breathe new life into something old.

पेंट ने पुराने घर में नई जान फूंक दी।

Neutral

"नई राह दिखाना"

To show a new way or guide someone towards a better path.

गुरु ने उसे नई राह दिखाई।

Formal

"नई कहानी लिखना"

To create a new history or achieve something unprecedented.

टीम ने जीत की नई कहानी लिखी।

Journalistic

"नई बोतल में पुरानी शराब"

Old wine in a new bottle (an old idea presented as new).

यह फिल्म नई बोतल में पुरानी शराब है।

Informal

"नई पौध"

The new generation or young saplings.

देश की नई पौध बहुत होनहार है।

Literary

"नई उड़ान भरना"

To take a new flight or start a big venture.

उसने अपने करियर में नई उड़ान भरी।

Poetic

"नई रंगत"

A new look or a fresh appearance.

शहर की नई रंगत देखते ही बनती है।

Neutral

"नई दिशा देना"

To give a new direction to something.

इस खोज ने विज्ञान को नई दिशा दी।

Formal

"नई उमंग जगाना"

To awaken new enthusiasm.

उसके भाषण ने लोगों में नई उमंग जगाई।

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

नई vs नया (nayā)

Gender variation.

'Nayā' is for masculine singular, 'naī' is for all feminine cases.

नया घर (Masculine), नई दुकान (Feminine).

नई vs नये (naye)

Number variation.

'Naye' is for masculine plural, 'naī' is for feminine plural.

नये घर (Masculine plural), नई दुकानें (Feminine plural).

नई vs नाई (nāī)

Homophone.

'Nāī' means a barber, while 'naī' means new.

नाई बाल काटता है (The barber cuts hair).

नई vs न्याय (nyāy)

Phonetic similarity.

'Nyāy' means justice, 'naī' means new.

हमें न्याय चाहिए (We want justice).

नई vs नदी (nadī)

Ends in 'ī'.

'Nadī' is a noun meaning river, 'naī' is an adjective.

नई नदी (New river).

문장 패턴

यह [Feminine Noun] नई है।

यह गाड़ी नई है।

यह नई [Feminine Noun] है।

यह नई किताब है।

मेरे पास नई [Feminine Noun] है।

मेरे पास नई साइकिल है।

मैंने नई [Feminine Noun] खरीदी।

मैंने नई साड़ी खरीदी।

हमें नई [Feminine Noun] की ज़रूरत है।

हमें नई नीति की ज़रूरत है।

नई [Feminine Noun] में [Postposition]...

नई दुकान में बहुत भीड़ है।

यह नई [Feminine Noun] समाज के लिए...

यह नई तकनीक समाज के लिए अच्छी है।

नई [Feminine Noun] का उदय...

नई चेतना का उदय हो रहा है।

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Hindi.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'nayā' with 'gāṛī'. → नई गाड़ी (naī gāṛī)
'Gāṛī' is feminine, so the adjective must be 'naī'.
Saying 'naiyāṃ kitābeṃ'. → नई किताबें (naī kitābeṃ)
Feminine adjectives ending in 'ī' do not change in the plural.
Confusing 'naī' with 'nahīṃ'. → नई (new) vs नहीं (no)
'Nahīṃ' is nasalized and has an 'h' sound; 'naī' is a clean 'ee' sound.
Using 'naye' for feminine plural. → नई लड़कियां (naī laṛkiyāṃ)
'Naye' is only for masculine plural or oblique.
Saying 'nayā dukān meṃ'. → नई दुकान में (naī dukān meṃ)
Even in the oblique case, 'naī' remains 'naī' for feminine nouns.

팁

Gender Check

Always check the noun's gender. If it's feminine, 'naī' is your only choice for 'new'.

Synonym Use

Use 'tāzā' for food and 'naī' for objects to sound more like a native speaker.

Avoid Nasalization

Make sure you don't nasalize the 'ī', or it might sound like 'nahīṃ' (no).

Plural Stability

Remember that 'naī' doesn't change for plural feminine nouns. This is a great shortcut!

Auspicious Purchases

Use 'naī' when talking about buying things for festivals like Diwali.

Slang Awareness

In cities, 'naī' is used in slang like 'naī scene' (what's new/what's up).

Context Clues

If you hear 'naī', listen for the following noun; it will help you learn its gender.

Mnemonic

Link the 'ī' in 'naī' to the 'ī' in 'स्त्री' (strī - woman/feminine).

Oblique Case

Don't overthink postpositions; 'naī' stays 'naī' no matter what.

Poetic Touch

Use 'naī subah' to metaphorically talk about hope or a fresh start.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the word 'New' and the letter 'I'. Since 'naī' ends in 'ī', and 'ī' is the standard feminine ending in Hindi, just remember: New + Feminine = Naī.

시각적 연상

Imagine a shiny new car (gāṛī) which is feminine. Picture the car with a big letter 'I' on the license plate to remind you of 'naī'.

Word Web

गाड़ी किताब दुकान सुबह नई फिल्म कहानी योजना

챌린지

Try to find five feminine objects in your room and describe them as 'naī'. For example: 'naī pensil', 'naī kursī'.

어원

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'Navya' (नव्य), which means new or modern. Over centuries, 'Navya' evolved through Prakrit and Apabhramsha into the modern Hindi 'Nayā' and its feminine form 'Naī'.

원래 의미: The root 'Nav' in Indo-European languages is the source for 'new' (English), 'neu' (German), and 'nouveau' (French).

Indo-Aryan -> Sanskrit -> Hindi.

문화적 맥락

When using 'naī' for people (e.g., 'naī laṛkī'), ensure the context is respectful, as it can sometimes sound dismissive if used as 'the new one' without a name.

English speakers often struggle with Hindi gender. In English, 'new' is used for everything. In Hindi, you must pause and think: Is this noun feminine? If yes, use 'naī'.

The movie 'Naya Daur' (New Era) - though 'daur' is masculine, the concept is similar. The song 'Nayi Suraj Ki Nayi Kiran' (New ray of the new sun). The 'Nayi Kavita' (New Poetry) literary movement in Hindi.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Shopping

क्या कोई नई साड़ी है?
यह नई डिज़ाइन है।
नई कलेक्शन कब आएगी?
नई दुकान कहाँ है?

News/Media

आज की नई खबर क्या है?
नई सरकार का गठन।
नई फिल्म का ट्रेलर।
नई नीति की घोषणा।

Office/Work

नई मीटिंग का समय।
नई योजना पर काम करें।
नई तकनीक सीखनी है।
नई रिपोर्ट तैयार है।

Socializing

मेरी नई सहेली से मिलो।
नई जगह पर पार्टी है।
नई कहानी सुनाओ।
नई शुरुआत मुबारक हो।

Home

नई चादर बिछा दो।
नई सब्जी बनाई है।
नई कुर्सी टूटी है।
नई सुबह, नया दिन।

대화 시작하기

"क्या आपने बाज़ार में कोई नई दुकान देखी?"

"आपकी नई गाड़ी बहुत सुंदर है, कब खरीदी?"

"क्या आपके पास इस विषय पर कोई नई जानकारी है?"

"आज की सबसे नई खबर क्या है?"

"क्या आप किसी नई जगह पर घूमने जाना चाहते हैं?"

일기 주제

आज आपने कौन सी नई चीज़ सीखी? विस्तार से लिखें।

अगर आपको एक नई दुनिया बनानी हो, तो वह कैसी होगी?

अपनी किसी नई आदत के बारे में लिखें जो आपने हाल ही में शुरू की है।

क्या आपको नई जगहों पर जाना पसंद है? अपनी पसंदीदा नई जगह का वर्णन करें।

एक नई तकनीक के बारे में लिखें जिसने आपके जीवन को आसान बना दिया है।

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, 'house' (ghar) is masculine in Hindi, so you must use 'nayā ghar'. If you use 'imārat' (building), which is feminine, then you say 'naī imārat'.

No, 'naī' is invariable for feminine nouns. Whether it is one book (naī kitāb) or ten books (naī kitābeṃ), the word remains 'naī'.

It is neutral and can be used in any setting. However, in very formal writing, you might see 'navīn' or 'nūtan' instead.

'Naī' means new in terms of time or ownership. 'Tāzā' means fresh, like 'tāzā phal' (fresh fruit) or 'tāzā havā' (fresh air).

You can use the phrase 'नई-नवेली' (naī-navelī) or 'बिलकुल नई' (bilkul naī).

'Film' is feminine in Hindi, so you always say 'naī film'.

Yes, for example 'naī laṛkī' (new girl) or 'naī seli' (new female friend), meaning someone who just joined or arrived.

No, it remains 'naī'. For example, 'naī dukān meṃ' (in the new shop).

Yes, they share the same Indo-European root 'nav-'.

It is a long vowel, like the 'ee' in 'see'. Do not make it short like the 'i' in 'bit'.