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A1 noun 10분 분량

kanál

예시 kanál 30초 만에
설명 kanál in your Level:
At the A1 level, the word 'kanál' is a basic vocabulary item essential for daily survival and simple interactions. You will learn it alongside other household objects like 'asztal' (table), 'tányér' (plate), and 'pohár' (glass). At this stage, you should focus on the nominative form 'kanál' and the simple accusative 'kanalat' to express basic needs, such as asking for a spoon in a restaurant or at a friend's house. You will also learn the basic distinction between a 'kanál' and a 'teáskanál' (teaspoon). The goal is to be able to identify the object and use it in simple sentences like 'Ez egy kanál' (This is a spoon) or 'Kérek egy kanalat' (I want a spoon). You don't need to worry about complex idioms yet; just focus on the physical object and its primary function: eating soup or stirring coffee. Understanding that 'kanál' is a back-vowel word is also a key part of your early grammar foundation, as it helps you practice vowel harmony with basic suffixes like '-ban' (in) or '-on' (on).
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'kanál' in more descriptive and functional contexts. You will learn to use the instrumental case 'kanállal' (with a spoon) to describe how you eat certain foods. You will also encounter the word in the context of simple recipes and shopping. For instance, you might read that you need 'két kanál cukor' (two spoons of sugar) for a cake. At this level, you should become comfortable with the stem change (kanál -> kanal-) in the plural 'kanalak' and the possessive 'kanalam' (my spoon). You will also start to distinguish between different materials, such as 'ezüst kanál' (silver spoon) or 'műanyag kanál' (plastic spoon). Your ability to use 'kanál' will expand from simple naming to describing actions and quantities in the kitchen and at the dining table. You might also learn the word 'fakanál' (wooden spoon) as you explore Hungarian cooking basics, recognizing it as a specific and important tool for making traditional dishes like pörkölt.
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By the B1 level, you are expected to use 'kanál' fluently in a variety of social and practical situations. You will understand more specific types of spoons, such as 'merőkanál' (ladle) and 'fagylaltos kanál' (ice cream scoop). In a restaurant setting, you can handle more complex requests, such as asking for a replacement if a spoon is dirty ('Ez a kanál piszkos, kaphatnék egy másikat?'). You will also encounter the word in more abstract or figurative contexts in intermediate reading materials. For example, you might see it used in descriptions of traditional crafts or in stories about family life. Your grammatical precision should improve, ensuring you never miss the stem change in the plural or accusative. You will also be familiar with common collocations like 'egy kanál vízben megfojtaná' (he would drown him in a spoonful of water), which expresses extreme dislike. At B1, 'kanál' is no longer just a tool, but a word integrated into your broader understanding of Hungarian social norms and idiomatic expressions.
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At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'kanál' and its related terms. You can discuss the cultural significance of certain utensils, such as the role of the 'fakanál' in Hungarian folk art or the history of silver cutlery in urban middle-class households. You will be comfortable using 'kanál' in complex grammatical structures, including conditional sentences and passive-like constructions. You will also be able to understand and use a wider range of idioms and metaphors. For instance, you might use the word in a debate about traditional vs. modern cooking methods. Your vocabulary will include technical terms like 'adagolókanál' (measuring/dosing spoon) used in industrial or medical contexts. You can also distinguish between the register of 'kanál' and more formal or poetic terms for dining. At this level, you are not just using the word to communicate a need, but to add flavor and cultural depth to your speech and writing.
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At the C1 level, your mastery of 'kanál' extends to literary and historical contexts. You can read classic Hungarian literature where the 'kanál' might serve as a symbol of poverty, domesticity, or social status. You understand the etymological roots of the word and how it relates to other Finno-Ugric or neighboring languages. You can use the word in highly sophisticated ways, such as in academic discussions about material culture or culinary history. You are also fully aware of the most obscure idioms and can use them with the correct tone and timing. Your pronunciation and intonation when using the word in long, complex sentences are near-native. You can also explain the subtle differences between 'kanál' and its synonyms in various dialects or historical periods of the Hungarian language. For a C1 learner, 'kanál' is a versatile tool in a vast linguistic toolkit, used with precision and stylistic flair.
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 'kanál' in every possible context. You can appreciate and create puns, wordplay, and sophisticated metaphors involving the word. You might analyze the rhythm and sound of 'kanál' in Hungarian poetry or use it as a starting point for a philosophical essay on the nature of everyday objects. Your understanding of the word is deeply embedded in the collective consciousness of the Hungarian people. You can navigate the most formal diplomatic dinners or the most casual village feasts with equal ease, using the appropriate terminology for every utensil and gesture. There are no grammatical surprises left; the stem change and vowel harmony are instinctive. At C2, 'kanál' is a word you don't just know; you feel its weight, its history, and its place in the intricate tapestry of the Hungarian language and culture.
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예시

kanál 30초 만에

  • Kanál means spoon in Hungarian and is used for eating soup or stirring drinks.
  • It is a back-vowel word that changes its stem to 'kanal-' in several grammatical forms.
  • Common types include evőkanál (tablespoon), teáskanál (teaspoon), and fakanál (wooden spoon).
  • It is an essential A1 vocabulary word for anyone learning Hungarian for daily life.

The Hungarian word kanál refers to the essential eating utensil known in English as a spoon. In the context of Hungarian culture, where soup (leves) is often considered the most important part of a traditional meal, the kanál is perhaps the most frequently used item in the cutlery drawer. Unlike some cultures where a fork might suffice for many dishes, the Hungarian culinary landscape—rich with broths, pörkölts (stews), and főzeléks (vegetable stews)—makes the spoon indispensable. When you sit down at a Hungarian table, especially for Sunday lunch, the presence of a large soup spoon is non-negotiable.

The Standard Spoon
The generic term 'kanál' covers the standard size used for eating main courses like soup. In a formal setting, this is the 'evőkanál'.
The Wooden Variant
A 'fakanál' (wooden spoon) is the soul of the Hungarian kitchen, used for stirring the pörkölt base of onions and paprika.

Kérek egy tiszta kanalat a leveshez.

Translation: I would like a clean spoon for the soup.

Beyond the dining table, the word kanál is used in measurements. Just as in English, recipes will call for a 'teáskanál' (teaspoon) or an 'evőkanál' (tablespoon). It is important to note that Hungarian spoons might differ slightly in volume from standard US or UK measurements, often being slightly deeper. In a metaphorical sense, the spoon appears in various folk sayings, often relating to how much one can 'scoop' out of life or how one shares resources with others.

A kisbaba már tudja fogni a kanalat.

Materiality
Hungarian spoons can be 'ezüst' (silver), 'rozsdamentes acél' (stainless steel), or 'műanyag' (plastic).

Nincs több kanál a fiókban.

Historically, the kanál has been a symbol of hospitality. In old village life, a guest would be offered a spoon as a sign that they were welcome to share the family's meal. Even today, the act of handing someone a spoon is a basic but significant gesture of service and care in the Hungarian household. The word itself has remained remarkably stable in the language, reflecting its fundamental role in daily survival and social cohesion.

Ez a kanál nagyon forró.

Etiquette
In Hungary, it is polite to leave the spoon on the plate or in the bowl, rather than on the tablecloth, after finishing your soup.

Leejtettem a kanalat a földre.

Using the word kanál correctly in Hungarian requires an understanding of the language's case system and vowel harmony. Because 'kanál' contains back vowels (a, á), the suffixes attached to it must also contain back vowels. However, one of the most critical things to remember is the stem change: the long 'á' in the last syllable becomes a short 'a' when certain suffixes are added, specifically those starting with a vowel, like the plural or the accusative.

The Accusative Case
When the spoon is the direct object of a verb (e.g., 'I see the spoon'), it becomes 'kanalat'. Notice the shortening of the vowel.

Látom a kanalat az asztalon.

Translation: I see the spoon on the table.

Another frequent usage involves the instrumental case, which describes the tool used to perform an action. In Hungarian, this is the '-val/-vel' suffix. For 'kanál', it becomes 'kanállal'. Here, the 'v' of the suffix assimilates to the final 'l' of the word, and the 'á' remains long because the suffix starts with a consonant. This is a vital pattern for saying 'I eat with a spoon'.

A gyerekek kanállal eszik a pudingot.

Translation: The children are eating the pudding with a spoon.
Possession
To say 'my spoon', you use 'kanalam'. Again, the 'á' shortens to 'a'. 'Your spoon' is 'kanatad', and 'his/her spoon' is 'kanala'.

Ez az én kanalam, ne használd!

When talking about where the spoon is located, you will use locative suffixes. 'In the spoon' (perhaps referring to medicine) is 'kanálban', while 'onto the spoon' is 'kanálra'. These suffixes do not trigger the stem change because they start with consonants. Mastering these small shifts between 'kanál' and 'kanal-' is the hallmark of a proficient Hungarian learner.

Tegyél egy kanál cukrot a kávéba.

The Plural Form
The plural is 'kanalak'. It is essential to use this when referring to multiple spoons, such as when setting a table for a large group.

Hány kanalat kell kitennem?

In daily Hungarian life, you will encounter the word kanál in a variety of settings. The most common is undoubtedly the household kitchen. If you are helping a Hungarian friend cook, they might ask you to find the 'fakanál' (wooden spoon) to stir the soup. This specific type of spoon is iconic in Hungarian culinary tradition; it is preferred because it doesn't heat up as quickly as metal and won't scratch the bottom of the pot. Hearing 'Hol a fakanál?' is a standard part of the kitchen soundscape.

In Restaurants
When dining out, if your table is missing a spoon for the soup, you would catch the waiter's attention and say: 'Elnézést, egy kanalat kérnék.'

A pincér hozott egy tiszta kanalat.

You will also hear the word in pharmacies or at the doctor's office. Many liquid medicines in Hungary are prescribed in 'evőkanál' (tablespoon) or 'teáskanál' (teaspoon) dosages. A doctor might say, 'Naponta háromszor egy teáskanállal vegyen be belőle,' meaning 'Take one teaspoon of it three times a day.' Here, the spoon is a precise unit of measurement that every household is expected to have.

Vegyél be egy kanál szirupot köhögés ellen.

At Coffee Shops
In a 'cukrászda' (confectionery), you will hear people asking for a 'kávéskanál' to stir their espresso or 'süteményes kanál' for softer desserts.

Kérek egy kis kanalat a kávéhoz.

Lastly, children's stories and songs often feature the kanál as a character or a prop. Whether it's a giant's spoon or a magical stirring utensil, the word is introduced to Hungarians at a very early age. In modern media, cooking shows are a prime place to hear the word repeatedly, as chefs describe the process of 'kanalazás' (spooning out) or adding ingredients by the spoonful. It is a word that bridges the gap between the mundane necessity of eating and the art of culinary creation.

A szakács egy nagy kanállal kóstolta meg a levest.

Learning to use kanál correctly involves avoiding a few common pitfalls that English speakers often fall into. The most frequent error is neglecting the stem change. Because the word ends in 'ál', many learners assume it follows the regular pattern of simply adding a suffix. However, as previously mentioned, the 'á' must shorten to 'a' in the plural and accusative forms.

Incorrect Pluralization
Saying 'kanálok' instead of 'kanalak' is a very common mistake. While 'kanálok' might be understood, it sounds distinctly foreign and ungrammatical to a native ear.

Hibás: Hol vannak a kanálok?
Helyes: Hol vannak a kanalak?

Another mistake involves the instrumental case. Learners sometimes forget that the '-val/-vel' suffix assimilates to the final consonant. Instead of saying 'kanállal', they might try to say 'kanálval'. Remember that in Hungarian, when a word ends in a consonant and is followed by '-val/-vel', the 'v' disappears and the last consonant of the word doubles.

Hibás: Kanálval eszem.
Helyes: Kanállal eszem.

Confusing Spoon Types
Using 'teáskanál' when you mean a large soup spoon, or 'merőkanál' when you mean a regular eating spoon, can lead to confusion in the kitchen or at the table.

Ne egyél teáskanállal gulyáslevest, az túl kicsi!

A subtle mistake is the misapplication of vowel harmony. Since 'kanál' is a back-vowel word, all suffixes must be back-vowel versions. A learner might accidentally use a front-vowel suffix like '-ben' (in) instead of '-ban'. Always check the vowels: a, á, o, ó, u, ú are back vowels, and they stick together. 'Kanálban' is correct; 'kanálben' is not.

A cukor a kanálban van, nem a csészében.

While kanál is the general term for a spoon, Hungarian has several specific words depending on the size, material, and function. Understanding these distinctions will make your Hungarian sound much more natural and precise. The most important alternatives are the compound words that specify exactly which 'kanál' you are referring to.

Evőkanál vs. Teáskanál
'Evőkanál' is literally an 'eating spoon' (tablespoon), while 'teáskanál' is a 'tea spoon'. 'Kávéskanál' is even smaller, used for coffee.
Merőkanál
This is a ladle. It comes from the verb 'merít' (to dip/scoop). You use this to serve soup from a large pot into individual bowls.

Használd a merőkanalat a tálaláshoz.

Translation: Use the ladle for serving.

Another essential kitchen tool is the fakanál. While it is technically a 'wooden spoon', in Hungarian culture, it is a category of its own. It is rarely used for eating; its primary purpose is cooking. If you call a metal spoon used for eating a 'fakanál', it will be a significant error. Conversely, calling a wooden stirring spoon just a 'kanál' is technically correct but lacks the specificity that a native speaker would use.

A nagymamám mindig fakanállal főz.

Evőeszköz
This is the collective noun for 'cutlery' or 'eating utensils'. It includes the kanál (spoon), villa (fork), and kés (knife).

Tedd az evőeszközöket az asztalra.

For very small amounts, you might hear 'késhegynyi' (a knife-tip's worth), which is even smaller than a 'teáskanál'. In formal dining, you might also encounter the 'merőkanál' specifically for sauce, known as 'mártásos kanál'. Understanding these variations helps you navigate a Hungarian menu or a recipe book with confidence. While 'kanál' is your baseline, these specialized terms are the building blocks of culinary fluency.

Nincs nálad egy műanyag kanál?

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수준별 예문

1

Ez egy kanál.

This is a spoon.

Simple nominative case.

2

Kérek egy kanalat.

I would like a spoon.

Accusative case with stem change (á -> a).

3

Hol a kanál?

Where is the spoon?

Interrogative sentence.

4

A kanál az asztalon van.

The spoon is on the table.

Locative use with 'on'.

5

Ez egy kis kanál.

This is a small spoon.

Adjective-noun agreement.

6

Nincs kanalam.

I don't have a spoon.

Possessive form with negation.

7

A leveshez kell egy kanál.

A spoon is needed for the soup.

Dative use of 'leves'.

8

Itt a kanál.

Here is the spoon.

Demonstrative 'itt'.

1

Szeretek kanállal enni.

I like to eat with a spoon.

Instrumental case (kanál + val = kanállal).

2

Vegyél két kanál cukrot.

Take two spoons of sugar.

Quantity expression.

3

A gyereknek van egy kék kanala.

The child has a blue spoon.

Possessive construction.

4

Kanalakat teszek az asztalra.

I am putting spoons on the table.

Plural accusative with stem change.

5

Ez a fakanál nagyon régi.

This wooden spoon is very old.

Compound word 'fakanál'.

6

Kérsz egy teáskanalat a teához?

Do you want a teaspoon for the tea?

Compound word 'teáskanál'.

7

A kanál a fiókban van.

The spoon is in the drawer.

Inessive case '-ban'.

8

Adj egy tiszta kanalat, kérlek!

Give me a clean spoon, please!

Imperative verb with accusative noun.

1

Melyik kanállal kell enni a desszertet?

Which spoon should be used to eat the dessert?

Interrogative 'melyik' with instrumental.

2

A nagymama merőkanállal méri a levest.

Grandma is measuring the soup with a ladle.

Specific compound 'merőkanál'.

3

Elveszett az egyik ezüst kanál.

One of the silver spoons is lost.

Subject-verb agreement with 'egyik'.

4

Keverd meg a kávét a kanállal!

Stir the coffee with the spoon!

Imperative verb with instrumental.

5

Egy kanál méz jót tesz a toroknak.

A spoonful of honey is good for the throat.

Abstract benefit description.

6

A levesben maradt a kanál.

The spoon was left in the soup.

Inessive case '-ben' with 'leves'.

7

Hány kanál liszt kell a tésztába?

How many spoons of flour are needed in the dough?

Quantity question in cooking.

8

A kanál nyele nagyon díszes.

The handle of the spoon is very decorative.

Possessive 'nyele' (its handle).

1

Azt mondják, ezüst kanállal a szájában született.

They say he was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.

Idiomatic expression.

2

Ne egyél olyan nagy kanállal, megfulladsz!

Don't eat with such big spoonfuls, you'll choke!

Adverbial use of 'olyan nagy'.

3

A fakanál elengedhetetlen a magyar konyhában.

The wooden spoon is indispensable in the Hungarian kitchen.

Formal adjective 'elengedhetetlen'.

4

A gyógyszert egy evőkanál vízzel kell bevenni.

The medicine must be taken with a tablespoon of water.

Passive-like necessity construction.

5

A leves tetején úszott a kanál.

The spoon was floating on top of the soup.

Locative 'tetején'.

6

Mindenki kapott egy-egy kanalat a kóstoláshoz.

Everyone received one spoon each for tasting.

Distributive 'egy-egy'.

7

A kanál formája segíti az evést.

The shape of the spoon assists in eating.

Abstract subject 'formája'.

8

Kanalanként adagold a tésztát a tepsibe.

Portion the dough into the baking tray spoonful by spoonful.

Distributive-iterative '-anként'.

1

A régészek egy honfoglalás kori kanalat találtak.

Archaeologists found a spoon from the era of the Hungarian conquest.

Historical adjective 'honfoglalás kori'.

2

A költő a kanál csörömpölését a magány hangjaként írta le.

The poet described the clinking of the spoon as the sound of loneliness.

Literary metaphor.

3

A kanál görbülete tökéletesen illeszkedik a kézbe.

The curvature of the spoon fits perfectly into the hand.

Technical vocabulary 'görbülete'.

4

Egy kanál vízben is megfojtaná a riválisát.

He would drown his rival even in a spoonful of water.

Advanced idiom for intense hatred.

5

Az ezüstkanál csillogása elvakította a koldust.

The glint of the silver spoon blinded the beggar.

Narrative style.

6

A kanál használata a civilizáció egyik alapvető jele.

The use of the spoon is one of the fundamental signs of civilization.

Abstract academic statement.

7

Kanalazta a levest, mintha az élete múlna rajta.

He was spooning the soup as if his life depended on it.

Verbal form 'kanalazta' with 'mintha'.

8

A kanál nyele letört a nagy igénybevételtől.

The handle of the spoon broke off from heavy use.

Causal 'igénybevételtől'.

1

A kanál metonimikus jelentése a táplálék és az otthon melege.

The metonymic meaning of the spoon is nourishment and the warmth of home.

High-level linguistic terminology.

2

A sors kanala néha keserű ételt mér ránk.

The spoon of fate sometimes deals us bitter food.

Philosophical metaphor.

3

A politikus nagy kanállal merített a közösből.

The politician dipped heavily into the common fund (metaphorically).

Political idiom.

4

A kanál, mint tárgy, a funkcionalitás és az esztétikum szintézise.

The spoon, as an object, is a synthesis of functionality and aesthetics.

Complex philosophical structure.

5

A népművészetben a kanál gyakran szerelmi zálogként is megjelent.

In folk art, the spoon often appeared as a token of love.

Cultural-historical analysis.

6

Kanalanként adagolták az információkat a közvéleménynek.

Information was fed to the public spoonful by spoonful (drip-fed).

Figurative use of distributive-iterative.

7

A kanál vájta mélyedés a tányéron az idő múlását jelképezte.

The hollow carved by the spoon on the plate symbolized the passage of time.

Highly descriptive literary imagery.

8

Nem mindenki születik ezüstkanállal, de mindenki érdemel egy tál meleg levest.

Not everyone is born with a silver spoon, but everyone deserves a bowl of warm soup.

Rhetorical construction.

동의어

evőeszköz merőkanál teáskanál kávéskanál fakanál merítő adagolókanál mártásos kanál

반의어

villa kés pálcika kéz

자주 쓰는 조합

tiszta kanál
ezüst kanál
egy kanál cukor
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