Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'will' for sudden decisions and 'going to' for plans you made before speaking.
- Use 'will' for spontaneous choices: 'I'll have the coffee.'
- Use 'going to' for prior plans: 'I'm going to visit Paris next month.'
- Use 'going to' for predictions with evidence: 'Look at those clouds! It's going to rain.'
Overview
I'll be there in 5라고 문자 보낸 적 있나요? 아니면 피자를 먹으면서 인스타그램에 I'm going to start my fitness journey라고 올린 적은요? 그렇다면 여러분은 이미 영어의 미래 시제를 사용하고 있는 거예요.will과 be going to 사이에는 작지만 짜증 나는 차이점이 있어요. 대부분의 학습자는 모든 상황에 will을 쓰죠. 그게 쉬우니까요, 맞죠?I will finish the report라고 말한다고 상상해 보세요. 마치 지금 이 순간 막 생각난 것처럼 들릴 거예요.will과 be going to를 사용해요. Will은 빠르고 즉각적으로 반응하는 친구예요. Be going to는 정리 정돈 잘하고 계획적인 친구고요. 둘 다 앞을 내다보지만 세상을 다르게 바라보죠. 이 규칙은 말하거나 문자를 보낼 때마다 올바른 표현을 선택하도록 도와줄 거예요.How This Grammar Works
will을 쓰세요. 스위치가 *어제* 켜졌다면 be going to를 쓰세요. 이게 바로 미래 의도를 나타내는 황금률이에요. 예측을 할 때도 사용해요. 먹구름을 보고 It's going to rain이라고 한다면 증거가 있는 거예요. I think humans will live on Mars라고 한다면 그냥 추측하는 거죠. 이건 날씨 앱과 수정 구슬의 차이와 같아요. 하나는 사실을 사용하고, 다른 하나는 느낌을 사용하죠.
Formation Pattern
will의 경우, 동사 원형 앞에 그냥 붙이면 돼요.
be going to의 경우, be 부분을 바꿔줘야 해요.
am, is, 또는 are를 사용하세요.
going to는 종종 gonna처럼 들려요. 하지만 계속 백수로 지내고 싶은 게 아니라면 입사 지원서에는 gonna라고 쓰지 마세요!
When To Use It
will을 사용하세요. 카페에 있는데 웨이터가 주문을 받는다고 칩시다. I'll have a latte, please라고 말하겠죠. 3일 전부터 라떼를 마시려고 계획한 건 아니잖아요. 약속을 할 때도 사용하세요. I'll always love you가 I am going to love you보다 더 듣기 좋죠. 전자는 진심 어린 맹세 같지만, 후자는 달력에 적힌 예정된 업무처럼 들리거든요.be going to를 사용하세요. 런던행 비행기를 예약했다면 I'm going to London이라고 말하세요. I'll go to London이라고 하면 더 좋은 파티가 생기면 마음을 바꿀 수도 있는 것처럼 들려요. 지금 눈에 보이는 것을 근거로 예측할 때 사용하세요. 휴대폰 배터리가 1%라면 My phone is going to die라고 말하세요. 화면에 증거가 보이니까요.
Common Mistakes
will을 쓰지 마세요. 오후 2시에 줌(Zoom) 회의가 있다면 I will meet them at 2라고 하지 마세요. 갑작스런 아이디어처럼 들리거든요. 대신 I'm going to meet them이라고 하세요. 또 다른 실수는 going to에서 am/is/are를 빼먹는 거예요. I going to eat은 아주 흔한 오류죠. 원시인처럼 들리게 해요. I am going to eat이 훨씬 낫습니다. 마지막으로, 물리적 증거가 있어서 아주 곧 일어날 게 확실한 일에는 will을 피하세요. 꽃병이 선반에서 흔들리고 있다면 It will fall이 아니라 It's going to fall!이라고 말하세요. 두 번째 표현은 마법사의 저주처럼 들려요.Contrast With Similar Patterns
I'm meeting Sam tonight. 이건 going to보다 훨씬 더 확실해요. 구글 캘린더에 시간과 장소가 이미 정해져 있다는 뜻이죠. I'm going to meet Sam은 계획이긴 하지만, 아직 식당을 정하지 않았을 수도 있어요. I'll meet Sam은 샘이 갑자기 전화해서 놀자고 할 때 하는 말이죠. 확신(certainty)의 스펙트럼이라고 할 수 있어요.Quick FAQ
날씨에 will을 써도 되나요?
네, 일반적인 예측을 할 때는요. It will be cold in winter.
gonna를 써도 괜찮나요?
말할 때나 친구에게 문자 할 때는 네! 격식 있는 이메일에서는 피하세요.
will의 부정형은 뭐예요?
won't예요. will not의 줄임말이죠. 훨씬 더 자연스럽게 들려요.
한 문장에 둘 다 써도 되나요?
그럼요! I'm going to go to the store, and I'll buy some milk while I'm there. 가게에 가는 건 계획이었고, 우유를 사는 건 순간적인 생각이었죠.
Future Forms Conjugation
| Subject | Will Form | Going To Form | Negative (Will) | Negative (Going To) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
will work
|
am going to work
|
won't work
|
am not going to work
|
|
You
|
will work
|
are going to work
|
won't work
|
aren't going to work
|
|
He/She/It
|
will work
|
is going to work
|
won't work
|
isn't going to work
|
|
We
|
will work
|
are going to work
|
won't work
|
aren't going to work
|
|
They
|
will work
|
are going to work
|
won't work
|
aren't going to work
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
I will
|
I'll
|
I'll help you.
|
|
You will
|
You'll
|
You'll see.
|
|
He will
|
He'll
|
He'll be there.
|
|
She will
|
She'll
|
She'll arrive soon.
|
|
We will
|
We'll
|
We'll win.
|
|
They will
|
They'll
|
They'll call.
|
|
Will not
|
Won't
|
I won't go.
|
|
Going to (Spoken)
|
Gonna
|
I'm gonna go.
|
Meanings
English uses different structures to talk about the future depending on whether we are predicting, planning, or deciding in the moment.
Spontaneous Decisions
Deciding to do something at the exact moment of speaking.
“The phone is ringing. I'll get it!”
“I'm tired. I think I'll go to bed now.”
Prior Plans and Intentions
Something you have already decided to do before the conversation started.
“We are going to get married in June.”
“I'm going to start a new job on Monday.”
Predictions based on Evidence
Predicting the future because of something we can see or feel right now.
“Watch out! You're going to drop that vase!”
“I feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick.”
Predictions based on Opinion
Predicting what we think or believe will happen, without physical evidence.
“I'm sure you will pass the exam.”
“People will live on Mars one day.”
Promises and Offers
Using 'will' to commit to an action for someone else.
“I will always love you.”
“I won't tell anyone your secret.”
Reference Table
| 상황 | 무엇을 쓸까? | 논리 | 현대적인 예시 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
즉흥적인 결정
|
Will
|
지금 바로 결정했어요
|
I'll like this photo.
|
|
미리 세운 계획
|
Going to
|
말하기 전에 이미 결정했어요
|
I'm going to post a Reel.
|
|
예측 (증거)
|
Going to
|
지금 보니 그렇게 될 것 같아요
|
He's going to lose the game.
|
|
예측 (의견)
|
Will
|
제 생각에 그렇게 될 거예요
|
AI will take over the world.
|
|
약속/제안
|
Will
|
도와주겠다고 자원하는 거예요
|
I'll Venmo you the money.
|
|
거절
|
Won't
|
하기를 거부하는 거예요
|
My phone won't charge!
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
I shall depart at six o'clock. (Departure)
I am going to leave at six. (Departure)
I'm gonna head out at six. (Departure)
I'm outtie at six. (Departure)
미래 시제 스펙트럼
Will (즉흥적)
- 결정 I'll buy it!
- 약속 I'll call you.
Going To (계획적)
- 의도 I'm going to travel.
- 증거 It's going to rain.
Will vs. Going To
어떤 것을 사용해야 할까요?
방금 결정한 건가요?
계획이나 증거가 있나요?
흔히 사용되는 상황
카페/주문
- • I'll have a coffee.
- • I'll take the bill.
달력/여행
- • I'm going to fly to Paris.
- • We're going to meet at 5.
수준별 예문
I will call you later.
I am going to watch TV.
It will be sunny tomorrow.
Are you going to eat?
I'll have the blue shirt, please.
She is going to study medicine next year.
Look! The bus is going to leave!
I won't tell your secret to anyone.
I think the government will raise taxes soon.
We're going to have a barbecue if the weather stays nice.
I'll just check my diary and let you know.
Is it going to be a difficult meeting?
The company will be launching its new product in May.
I was going to buy that car, but I changed my mind.
If you don't hurry, we're going to miss the start.
You'll find that most people are very friendly here.
The Prime Minister will address the nation at 8 PM.
He's going to be a handful when he grows up!
Will you be staying for dinner, or must you head off?
It's going to take more than a miracle to fix this.
Boys will be boys, I suppose.
The structural integrity is going to be compromised if we proceed.
Whatever will be, will be.
She will insist on doing everything herself.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both talk about the future. Learners don't know which is 'more' planned.
Both are used for predictions.
자주 하는 실수
I will to go.
I will go.
I going to eat.
I am going to eat.
She wills help.
She will help.
I will go to Paris next year (already booked).
I am going to go to Paris next year.
It will rain! (looking at black clouds)
It is going to rain!
I'll meeting you at 5.
I'll meet you at 5.
Are you will come?
Will you come?
I'm going to will go.
I'm going to go.
I will probably to be late.
I will probably be late.
I shall to do it.
I shall do it.
문장 패턴
I think I will ___.
I am going to ___ next week.
Look! That ___ is going to ___!
Don't worry, I won't ___.
Real World Usage
I'll have the burger, please.
I'm gonna be 5 mins late!
It will be a cold start to the day.
I will contribute to the team's success.
We are going to visit the museum at 10.
Watch out! You're going to trip!
지금 막 결정했어! 테스트
날짜에는 'will' 피하기
눈으로 보는 '증거' 규칙
If you can see it with your eyes (clouds, a wobbling glass, a score), use be going to.Smart Tips
Always use 'I'll have...' rather than 'I'm going to have...'. It sounds more decisive and natural to the waiter.
Use 'going to'. If you see a person running very fast toward a door, say 'He's going to open the door'.
Use 'will' to show commitment. 'I will help you' sounds like a stronger promise than 'I am going to help you'.
Avoid 'gonna' and even 'I'll'. Write out 'I will' or 'We are going to' to maintain a professional tone.
발음
Contraction of Will
The 'll' sound is often a 'dark L'. It sounds like a small 'ul' sound at the back of the throat.
Gonna
In fast speech, 'going to' becomes 'gonna'. The 'to' sound disappears completely.
Spontaneous Will
I'll ↗ GET it!
Emphasis on the action decided suddenly.
Going To Prediction
It's going to ↘ RAIN.
Falling intonation on the final word for a statement of fact/evidence.
암기하기
기억법
Will is for the 'Wheel' of fortune (luck/spontaneous), Going To is for the 'Goal' (planned).
시각적 연상
Imagine a lightbulb turning on for 'Will' (a sudden idea). Imagine a calendar with a circled date for 'Going To' (a plan).
Rhyme
If you plan it in your head, 'Going To' is what is said. If you decide it on the spot, 'Will' is what you've got!
Story
A man sees a woman struggling with a suitcase. He thinks, 'I'll help her!' (Will - spontaneous). Later, he tells his wife, 'I'm going to buy a new suitcase for our trip' (Going to - plan).
Word Web
챌린지
Look around the room. Find one thing that is 'going to' happen (e.g., a candle burning out) and make one 'will' decision (e.g., 'I'll drink some water').
문화 노트
British speakers may use 'shall' for offers ('Shall I open the window?'), whereas Americans almost always use 'should' or 'will'.
The use of 'gonna' is extremely prevalent in all but the most formal spoken contexts. Using 'going to' in a casual bar might sound slightly stiff.
Using 'will' for a promise is culturally significant. 'I will' is the standard response in marriage ceremonies.
'Will' comes from Old English 'willan' (to wish/want). 'Going to' developed later as a way to use a verb of movement to show a path toward a future action.
대화 시작하기
What are you going to do this weekend?
I'm thirsty. What will you drink?
Where do you think you will be in five years?
Look at the economy. What's going to happen next?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
You see a friend carrying a lot of books. You say:
We ___ (travel) to Japan next summer. We already bought the tickets!
Find and fix the mistake:
Look! That car will crash into the wall!
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercisesThe phone is ringing. ___ answer it.
We ___ (visit) our grandparents this weekend.
Find and fix the mistake:
Look! That car will hit the wall!
not / I / tell / will / anyone / .
1. Sudden decision, 2. Prior plan, 3. Evidence prediction
A: Why are you holding that bucket? B: I ___ wash the car.
You can use 'will' for a plan you made yesterday.
I am going to carry your bags. (Change to 'will')
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesI'm hungry. I think I ___ make a sandwich.
Choose the correct sentence:
She will to meet her mom at the airport at 5 PM.
Voy a estudiar medicina el próximo año.
the / open / I / door / will
Match these:
Watch out! You ___ drop your phone!
You see someone struggling with a door.
Are you will go to the party?
No te olvidaré.
Score: /10
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Sometimes, especially for general predictions like 'It will rain' vs 'It's going to rain'. However, for plans vs. spontaneous decisions, they are not interchangeable.
It is a phonetic spelling of how people speak. It is not used in formal writing, but it is very common in songs, movies, and texts.
English is a stress-timed language. We prefer to contract unstressed words like 'will' to keep the rhythm of the sentence.
If you are in doubt, 'going to' is often safer for personal intentions, while 'will' is safer for general facts.
Yes, always. Without the 'be' verb, the sentence is grammatically incomplete.
Yes, for general predictions ('It will be cold in winter'). Use 'going to' if you see clouds right now.
In modern English, 'shall' is mostly used for polite suggestions ('Shall we dance?') or very formal documents.
Move the 'be' verb to the front: 'Are you going to...?'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Futuro Simple vs. Ir a + infinitivo
English 'will' is strictly for spontaneous/promises, whereas Spanish 'futuro' can be more formal.
Futur Simple vs. Futur Proche
French uses Futur Proche more frequently in conversation than English uses 'going to'.
Präsens vs. Futur I
English requires a future marker (will/going to) much more often than German does.
Dictionary form + tsumori / yotei
English uses auxiliary verbs (will) while Japanese uses sentence-ending nouns or particles.
Sa- / Sawfa + Present Verb
The Arabic distinction is based on time distance, while English is based on the nature of the decision.
Yào (要) / Huì (会)
Chinese verbs never change form; the meaning comes entirely from these helper words.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
관련 동영상
03:21 Upgrade (2018) - The Kitchen Fight Scene (2/10) | Movieclips
11:00 Harry Potter's Funniest Moments
09:00 MOANA Songs, Clips & Trailers
Learn All 12 English Verb Tenses | Complete English Grammar Lesson
JForrest English
MASTER ENGLISH VERB TENSES — All 12 Tenses Explained in 20 Minutes (Complete Guide)
English At The Ready
English Verb Tenses Guide - Learn About Simple, Perfect, and Continuous Tenses
Oxford Online English
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