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Instrumental Case: With What & By Whom

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of connecting actions to tools, companions, and transport in Armenian.

  • Identify the -ով suffix for Instrumental nouns.
  • Describe the tools and methods you use daily.
  • Express company and transport clearly in conversation.
Connect your world with the Instrumental case.

배울 내용

Discover the Instrumental case, which indicates the means or company ('with', 'by means of'). This chapter covers its forms and usage for tools, company, and transport.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use the -ով suffix to describe everyday tools and social interactions.

팁과 요령 (4)

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Check the ending

If the noun ends in a vowel, use -յով. If it ends in a consonant, use -ով.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental Case: With, By Means Of
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Vowel rule

Always check the last letter. If it is a vowel, add -յով.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Forming the Instrumental: -ով
💡

Check the ending

Always check if the noun ends in a vowel or consonant to ensure the suffix is added correctly.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Tools and Instruments: Writing with a pen
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Check the ending

Always look at the last letter of the noun. If it's a vowel, use -v; if a consonant, use -ov.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Company: With friends

핵심 어휘 (5)

գրիչ pen ընկեր friend մեքենա car ես I գնալ to go

Real-World Preview

map-pin

A Day Out

Review Summary

  • Noun + ով

자주 하는 실수

You must use the Instrumental suffix when describing transport. Without it, the sentence sounds like you are carrying the car.

Wrong: Ես գնում եմ մեքենա։
정답: Ես գնում եմ մեքենայով։

While word order is flexible, keep the subject clear. Always ensure the tool has the -ով suffix.

Wrong: Գրիչով գրում եմ։
정답: Ես գրում եմ գրիչով։

Personal pronouns often use 'հետ' (with) instead of just the suffix for company.

Wrong: Նա ինձով է։
정답: Նա ինձ հետ է։

Next Steps

You are making incredible progress. Keep practicing these cases to build a stronger foundation in Armenian!

Write 5 sentences about your daily routine.

Continue to: Locative Case: At, In, On (Eastern Armenian)

빠른 연습 (10)

Fill in the correct form.

Ես գրում եմ ___ (գրիչ).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: գրիչով
Instrumental case.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Forming the Instrumental: -ով

Fill in the blank with the correct form.

Ես գնում եմ ___ով (ավտոբուս).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ավտոբուսով
Consonant + ov.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Company: With friends

Fill in the blank.

Yes gnum em ___ (avto).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: avtov
Add -ov to consonant.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Means of Transport: By car

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Դու հետ իմ ե՞ս։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Դու իմ հետ ե՞ս
Correct word order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Instrumental with Pronouns: With me

Fix the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ես եկա տատ-ով։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: տատյով
Vowel ending rule.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Forming the Instrumental: -ով

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Գրիչով գրիր
Instrumental case is correct.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Company: With friends

Fill in the blank.

Նա ___ հետ է։ (with me)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: իմ
Must use genitive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Instrumental with Pronouns: With me

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Մեքենաով եմ գալիս։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Մեքենայով
Vowel + yov.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Company: With friends

Choose the correct form.

Նա գրում է ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: գրչով
Tool requires Instrumental.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental Case: With, By Means Of

Complete the sentence.

Ես գնում եմ ավտոբուս___։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ով
Instrumental suffix for transport.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental Case: With, By Means Of

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

Use -ով for consonants and -յով for vowels.
No, use 'հետ' (with) for people.
Use -յով when the noun ends in a vowel, like 'տատ' (grandmother) -> 'տատյով'.
Yes, it means 'with' someone, like 'ընկերոջով' (with a friend).
Use it whenever you are using a tool, instrument, or means of transport.
Yes, for plural nouns, it becomes '-ներով'.
이전 챕터
Ablative Case: From Where & From Whom
다음 챕터
Locative Case: At, In, On (Eastern Armenian)
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