When you hear the Japanese word いかく (ikaku), think about making someone feel scared or worried. It’s like when an animal tries to look big and dangerous to scare away another animal. We can use this word when someone is trying to frighten or intimidate another person or even a group. It’s about showing power to make others back down or feel threatened. So, いかく (ikaku) means threat or intimidation.
When you're dealing with advanced Japanese, words like 威嚇 (ikaku) become important. It's a noun that means threat, intimidation, or menace. Think of it as a strong form of warning, often involving an intention to cause harm or fear.
You might encounter 威嚇 in contexts like animal behavior, military actions, or even in legal discussions about threatening someone. It carries a more serious connotation than a simple 'warning' or 'caution'. Understanding when to use 威嚇 helps you grasp the nuances of expressing different levels of danger or hostile intent in Japanese.
§ Understanding 威嚇 (ikaku)
When you're learning Japanese, some words can be tricky because their English equivalents don't always capture the full nuance. 威嚇 (ikaku) is one such word. While it generally means 'threat,' 'intimidation,' or 'menace,' it's crucial to understand when and how to use it correctly. Let's break down some common pitfalls.
§ Mistake 1: Using 威嚇 for all 'threats'
The biggest mistake learners make is thinking 威嚇 (ikaku) can be used for any type of threat. It's often used in more serious, formal, or even legal contexts. It implies an act of showing hostility or intent to cause harm, often to make someone back down or comply. It's not typically used for casual, everyday threats like 'I'll tell mom!'
警察は、その男が市民に威嚇行為を行ったと発表した。
Hint: The police announced that the man performed acts of intimidation against citizens.
§ Mistake 2: Confusing 威嚇 (ikaku) with 脅し (odashi) or 脅迫 (kyōhaku)
These words are related but have different nuances:
- 威嚇 (ikaku): This is about showing an intent to cause harm or being aggressive to make someone fear you. It's the act of displaying a threat.
- 脅し (odashi): This is a more general term for 'threat' or 'coercion.' It can be milder and used in everyday contexts.
- 脅迫 (kyōhaku): This is 'blackmail' or 'extortion,' a very serious, often criminal, act of threatening someone to gain something.
Consider the context:
彼は子供を脅して、おもちゃを奪った。
Hint: He threatened the child and took their toy.
§ Mistake 3: Incorrectly using it as a verb
While 威嚇 is a noun, you'll often see it used with する (suru) to form the verb 威嚇する (ikaku suru), meaning 'to threaten' or 'to intimidate.' Don't try to conjugate 威嚇 directly like a native verb.
犬が知らない人に吠えて威嚇した。
Hint: The dog barked at the stranger and intimidated them.
§ Key Takeaways for 威嚇 (ikaku)
To avoid common mistakes with 威嚇 (ikaku), remember these points:
- Use it for serious, often physical or direct, acts of showing harmful intent.
- Distinguish it from more general 'threats' (脅し - odashi) and severe criminal 'blackmail' (脅迫 - kyōhaku).
- It's a noun; to use it as a verb, add する (suru) to form 威嚇する (ikaku suru).
- Pay attention to the context in which you encounter it. News articles, legal documents, or descriptions of animal behavior are common places to see 威嚇 (ikaku).
By understanding these nuances, you'll be able to use 威嚇 (ikaku) more accurately and naturally in your Japanese conversations and writing.
난이도
Kanji might be a bit tricky for B1, but the combination is common.
Requires remembering two relatively complex kanji.
Pronunciation is straightforward (i-ka-ku).
Clear pronunciation, context usually helps.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
N + を + 威嚇する (ikaku suru): To threaten or intimidate someone/something (noun + を + verb).
彼は犬を威嚇した。 (Kare wa inu o ikaku shita.) - He threatened the dog.
N + の + 威嚇 (ikaku): Intimidation of N (noun + の + noun).
動物の威嚇。 (Dōbutsu no ikaku.) - Animal intimidation.
威嚇的な (ikakuteki na) + N: Threatening N (い-adjective + noun).
威嚇的な態度。 (Ikakuteki na taido.) - A threatening attitude.
V-る + 威嚇: Threatening action of V (verb in dictionary form + noun). This is less common but can be used.
吠える威嚇。 (Hoeru ikaku.) - Barking intimidation.
威嚇 + として (toshite): As a threat/intimidation (noun + particle).
それは威嚇として行われた。 (Sore wa ikaku to shite okonawareta.) - That was done as a threat.
수준별 예문
猫が犬を威嚇した。
The cat _______ the dog.
彼は威嚇するような目で私を見た。
He looked at me with an _______ look.
その国の軍隊は威嚇のためにミサイルを発射した。
That country's army launched a missile for _______.
威嚇行動は野生動物によく見られる。
_______ behavior is often seen in wild animals.
彼の言葉は威嚇のように聞こえた。
His words sounded like a _______.
威嚇射撃は相手を追い払うために使われる。
_______ fire is used to drive away the opponent.
子供たちは威嚇する声に怖がった。
The children were scared by the _______ voice.
威嚇は通常、攻撃の前の警告です。
_______ is usually a warning before an attack.
자주 혼동되는 단어
More general, abstract threat or danger.
Specific to blackmail or coercion.
More colloquial, can be less serious.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both 脅威 and 威嚇 can refer to a threat. However, 脅威 tends to describe a more general, abstract threat or danger, often something that poses a risk to safety or stability. It's less about a direct act of intimidation and more about the potential for harm.
脅威 is a general 'threat' or 'menace' (like a threat to national security). 威嚇 is a direct act of 'intimidation' or 'bluster' (like a dog growling).
環境破壊は人類への大きな脅威です。 (Environmental destruction is a major threat to humanity.)
脅迫 also means 'threat' but specifically refers to blackmail or coercion, often involving a demand for money or action under threat of revealing damaging information or causing harm.
脅迫 is 'blackmail' or 'coercion' (using threats to force someone to do something). 威嚇 is 'intimidation' or 'a warning of harm'.
彼は脅迫されて秘密を話した。 (He revealed the secret under threat/coercion.)
脅し is a more colloquial term for 'threat' or 'intimidation'. It can be used in similar contexts to 威嚇 but often feels less formal and can sometimes imply a less serious or empty threat.
脅し is a more casual or general 'threat' or 'intimidation'. 威嚇 is more formal and often implies a direct, explicit act of intimidation.
彼の脅しには屈しない。 (I won't give in to his threats.)
示威 means 'demonstration' or 'show of force'. While it involves displaying power, it's not always an act of direct intimidation with the intent to scare, but rather to show strength or protest.
示威 is a 'show of force' or 'demonstration' (to display power or protest). 威嚇 is 'intimidation' (to make someone afraid).
彼らはデモで示威行動を行った。 (They demonstrated a show of force in the protest.)
威圧 means 'pressure' or 'coercion', often through a powerful presence or strong demeanor. It can lead to intimidation, but the focus is on the pressure exerted rather than just the act of threatening.
威圧 is 'pressure' or 'coercion' (using a strong presence to influence). 威嚇 is 'intimidation' (using threats to scare).
その上司は部下に威圧的な態度をとる。 (That boss takes an overbearing attitude toward his subordinates.)
셀프 테스트 24 질문
You see a dog barking loudly at a cat. Describe the dog's action using 威嚇. (Limit to 2-3 sentences)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
犬が猫に向かって吠え、威嚇していました。猫は怖がって逃げていきました。(The dog barked at the cat, intimidating it. The cat got scared and ran away.)
Imagine a situation where someone might use '威嚇' to get what they want, but it doesn't work. Write a short scenario. (Limit to 3 sentences)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
彼は大きな声を出して威嚇しましたが、相手は全く動じませんでした。その威嚇は全く効果がありませんでした。(He raised his voice to intimidate, but the other person was completely unfazed. The intimidation had no effect at all.)
Describe a time you might feel a sense of '威嚇' (threat) in a natural environment. (Limit to 2 sentences)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
山で大きな動物と出会った時、威嚇されているような気がしました。とても怖い経験でした。(When I encountered a large animal in the mountains, I felt like I was being threatened. It was a very scary experience.)
BはAに何を伝えたいですか？ (What does B want to tell A?)
Read this passage:
A: なぜ彼はそんなに怒っているの？ B: 彼はただ威嚇しているだけだよ。本当は怖がっているんだ。 A: なるほど。でも、その威嚇は少しやりすぎだね。
BはAに何を伝えたいですか？ (What does B want to tell A?)
Bは「本当は怖がっているんだ」と言っており、彼の怒りや威嚇が本物ではないことを示唆しています。(B says 'He's actually scared,' implying his anger and intimidation aren't genuine.)
Bは「本当は怖がっているんだ」と言っており、彼の怒りや威嚇が本物ではないことを示唆しています。(B says 'He's actually scared,' implying his anger and intimidation aren't genuine.)
大きな犬の行動の目的は何でしたか？ (What was the purpose of the big dog's action?)
Read this passage:
公園で、大きな犬が小さい犬に近づいて、低いうなり声を出しました。これは小さい犬に対する威嚇の行動でした。小さい犬はすぐに飼い主の後ろに隠れました。
大きな犬の行動の目的は何でしたか？ (What was the purpose of the big dog's action?)
「これは小さい犬に対する威嚇の行動でした」という文から、大きな犬は小さい犬を怖がらせようとしていたことがわかります。(The sentence 'This was an act of intimidation towards the small dog' indicates the big dog was trying to scare the small dog.)
「これは小さい犬に対する威嚇の行動でした」という文から、大きな犬は小さい犬を怖がらせようとしていたことがわかります。(The sentence 'This was an act of intimidation towards the small dog' indicates the big dog was trying to scare the small dog.)
なぜその政治家の威嚇は成功しませんでしたか？ (Why did the politician's intimidation not succeed?)
Read this passage:
その政治家は、選挙前にライバルに対して強い言葉を使い、威嚇しました。しかし、その戦略は有権者にはあまり響かず、支持率は伸びませんでした。
なぜその政治家の威嚇は成功しませんでしたか？ (Why did the politician's intimidation not succeed?)
「有権者にはあまり響かず、支持率は伸びませんでした」という部分から、威嚇が有権者に受け入れられなかったことがわかります。(The phrase 'did not resonate much with voters, and approval ratings did not grow' indicates that the intimidation was not well-received by voters.)
「有権者にはあまり響かず、支持率は伸びませんでした」という部分から、威嚇が有権者に受け入れられなかったことがわかります。(The phrase 'did not resonate much with voters, and approval ratings did not grow' indicates that the intimidation was not well-received by voters.)
彼の態度には明らかな___の意図が見て取れた。
文脈から、彼の態度が相手を怖がらせる意図を持っていることが読み取れるため、「威嚇」が適切です。
警察は、デモ隊が店を___しているとの通報を受けた。
デモ隊が店に対して脅しをかけている状況が考えられるため、「威嚇」が最も適切です。
その動物は、自分の縄張りを守るために敵を___した。
動物が縄張りを守る行動として、敵を脅すことが一般的であるため、「威嚇」が正しいです。
口頭での___だけでなく、物理的な脅しを伴う場合もある。
「物理的な脅し」と対比される形で、言葉による脅しを指すため「威嚇」が適しています。
交渉において、相手への___は逆効果になることが多い。
交渉の文脈で「逆効果になる」という記述から、相手を脅す行為である「威嚇」が適切です。
彼の高圧的な態度は、周りの人々に___を与えた。
高圧的な態度が引き起こす感情として、脅威を感じさせる「威嚇」が正しい選択です。
彼の態度には明らかな___の意図が感じられた。
文脈から、相手の態度に「脅し」や「おどし」の意味合いがあることが読み取れます。そのため、「威嚇」が最も適切です。
警察犬は不審者に対して___を行い、動きを封じた。
警察犬が不審者の動きを封じるために行う行動は、「脅し」や「威嚇」が適切です。
交渉の場で、相手は言葉巧みに___をちらつかせた。
交渉の場で「脅し」や「おどし」をちらつかせることはよくあります。そのため、「威嚇」が適切です。
その動物は、自分の縄張りに近づく者を___するために唸り声を上げた。
動物が自分の縄張りを守るために唸り声を上げるのは、「脅し」や「威嚇」のためです。
政府は、他国からの___にも屈しない姿勢を示した。
他国からの「脅し」や「おどし」に対して政府が屈しない姿勢を示す、という文脈なので、「威嚇」が適切です。
彼の突然の大声は、単なる___に過ぎなかった。
突然の大声が「脅し」や「おどし」の意味合いを持つ場合があるため、「威嚇」が適切です。
This sentence means 'The animals were intimidated by that cry.' The correct order follows a typical Japanese sentence structure: subject, modifying phrase, and then the verb phrase.
This sentence translates to 'Everyone was scared by his intimidating attitude.' The order places the subject ('everyone') first, followed by the modifying phrase ('his intimidating attitude') and then the verb ('was scared').
This sentence means 'The police intimidated the criminal by showing a gun.' The subject ('police') is followed by the object ('criminal'), then the means ('showing a gun'), and finally the verb ('intimidated').
/ 24 correct
Perfect score!
관련 콘텐츠
이 단어를 다른 언어로
emotions 관련 단어
ぼんやり
B1Vaguely; absentmindedly; dimly.
夢中
B1Absorption; engrossment; infatuation.
受け止める
B1To accept; to take; to grasp.
達成感
B1Sense of accomplishment.
ひしひしと
B1Acutely; keenly; strongly (feeling something).
適応する
B1To adapt; to adjust.
健気な
B2Brave, admirable, or plucky (especially of a weaker person).
感心な
B1Admirable; deserving admiration.
感心
B1Admiration, impression, or being impressed.
感心する
B1To be impressed; to admire.
