C1 noun 중립 2분 분량

dictatuur

dɪk.ta.ˈtyr
연습하기

Overview

The Dutch word 'dictatuur' refers to a form of government where absolute power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual, known as a dictator, or a small, unelected group. This system is characterized by the absence of a free press, suppression of political opposition, and often, widespread human rights abuses. In a dictatuur, the rule of law is typically subservient to the will of the dictator, and democratic institutions such as elections, an independent judiciary, and representative legislatures are either non-existent or severely undermined.

Historically, 'dictatuur' has been associated with totalitarian regimes that seek to control all aspects of public and private life. Propaganda is often used extensively to maintain the dictator's image and control public opinion, while secret police and military forces are employed to enforce compliance and suppress dissent. The economy in a dictatuur can vary; some dictatorships maintain state control over industries, while others allow for some degree of private enterprise, albeit under strict governmental oversight.

The concept of 'dictatuur' has evolved over time. While ancient Roman dictatorships were temporary measures adopted during times of crisis, modern dictatorships, particularly in the 20th and 21st centuries, have often been long-lasting and characterized by ideological underpinnings. Examples include fascist regimes in Europe, communist states, and military juntas.

The impact of 'dictatuur' on a society is profound. Citizens typically experience limited personal freedoms, fear of state reprisal, and a lack of mechanisms for political participation. Economic development can be stifled due to corruption, lack of innovation, and isolation from the global community. Furthermore, dictatorships often lead to international instability due to their aggressive foreign policies and disregard for international norms.

In essence, 'dictatuur' is antithetical to democratic values and principles, representing a system where power is unchecked, individual rights are curtailed, and the populace lives under the constant threat of coercion and oppression.

예시

1

Na de revolutie werd het land geregeerd door een brute dictatuur.

politiek

After the revolution, the country was ruled by a brutal dictatorship.

2

De bevolking leed onder de dictatuur en hunkerde naar vrijheid.

sociaal

The population suffered under the dictatorship and yearned for freedom.

3

Velen hoopten op het einde van de militaire dictatuur.

geschiedenis

Many hoped for the end of the military dictatorship.

4

Het was een dictatuur waarin alle macht bij één persoon lag.

bestuur

It was a dictatorship in which all power lay with one person.

5

De kunstenaar bekritiseerde de dictatuur in zijn werk.

cultuur

The artist criticized the dictatorship in his work.

자주 쓰는 조합

militaire dictatuur
communistische dictatuur
brutale dictatuur
genadeloze dictatuur
harde dictatuur

자주 혼동되는 단어

dictatuur 대 dictatoriaal

sounds similar, but is an adjective

문법 패턴

de dictatuur (v) de dictaturen (mv) het dictatuur (o)

사용법

사용 참고사항

The term 'dictatuur' is used in Dutch similarly to its English counterpart, 'dictatorship,' referring to a form of government characterized by a single leader or a small group exercising absolute power, without constitutional limitations or effective popular control. It can be applied to historical regimes (e.g., 'de dictatuur van Franco'), contemporary authoritarian states ('een militaire dictatuur'), or even metaphorically to describe situations where someone or something has overwhelming, autocratic control (e.g., 'de dictatuur van de mode' - the dictatorship of fashion). When discussing political systems, it's often contrasted with 'democratie' (democracy) and 'rechtsstaat' (rule of law). The word can also be used in an abstract sense to discuss the theoretical aspects of such a governmental form. It's a formal word, typically used in academic, journalistic, or political contexts, and less commonly in casual conversation unless referring to a specific, well-known historical or current event.

자주 하는 실수

People sometimes confuse 'dictatuur' with 'democratie' (democracy), which is its opposite. Also, ensure correct spelling, especially the double 'a' and 'u'.

팁

💡

Pronunciation

The 'c' in 'dictatuur' is pronounced like a 'k'. The 'uu' combination is a long 'oo' sound, similar to the 'oo' in 'moon'.

💡

Common Mistakes

Be careful not to confuse 'dictatuur' with similar-sounding words in other languages. While the root is the same, the pronunciation and exact usage can differ.

💡

Usage in Context

You can use 'dictatuur' in sentences like 'Het land werd geregeerd door een wrede dictatuur' (The country was ruled by a cruel dictatorship) or 'Vele mensen verzetten zich tegen de dictatuur' (Many people resisted the dictatorship).

어원

The Dutch word 'dictatuur' originates from the Latin word 'dictatura.' This Latin term itself comes from 'dictator,' which referred to a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed to rule the state temporarily in times of emergency. The root of 'dictator' is 'dictare,' meaning 'to dictate' or 'to command,' which in turn is derived from 'dicere,' meaning 'to say' or 'to speak.' During the Roman Republic, a dictator held supreme authority for a limited period, typically six months, to deal with specific crises. This position was intended as a temporary measure to ensure stability, and the dictator was expected to resign once the crisis was resolved. However, over time, the concept of a dictator evolved, particularly with figures like Sulla and Caesar who extended their dictatorial powers indefinitely, leading to the eventual decline of the Republic. The term 'dictatorship' in its modern sense, referring to a form of government where a single person or a small group possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limitations, gained prominence in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was used to describe autocratic regimes, particularly after the rise of totalitarian states in the interwar period. The Dutch language adopted 'dictatuur' to reflect this evolving political concept, drawing directly from its Latin and subsequent European linguistic development. Thus, 'dictatuur' encapsulates a history ranging from temporary Roman emergency rule to modern absolute, often oppressive, single-person governance.

문화적 맥락

In the Netherlands, the word 'dictatuur' (dictatorship) carries significant historical weight, often evoking memories of World War II and the occupation by Nazi Germany. This period instilled a deep-seated aversion to authoritarian rule and a strong commitment to democratic values, individual freedoms, and the rule of law. Discussions about 'dictatuur' in Dutch society frequently center on the importance of human rights, political pluralism, and the dangers of unchecked power. There's a national consciousness that values consensus-building and social justice, making the concept of a dictatorship antithetical to Dutch political and cultural norms. References to dictatorships often serve as cautionary tales in political discourse, underscoring the vigilance required to maintain democratic institutions and prevent the erosion of civil liberties.

암기 팁

Think of 'dictate'. A dictator dictates how the country is run.

셀프 테스트

fill blank

De ______________ oefent onbeperkte macht uit en duldt geen oppositie.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

Onder een ______________ worden burgerrechten vaak beperkt.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

De overgang naar een ______________ kan leiden tot veel maatschappelijke onrust.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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