When you're learning Chinese, you'll find words like 杂务 (záwù) useful. This word refers to a collection of small, often varied tasks or duties. Think of it as 'miscellaneous chores' or 'odd jobs'.
It's not about one big job, but many smaller ones that need doing. For example, if you have a lot of little things to do around the house, those are 杂务. Or, at work, if you're helping out with various small tasks, you're doing 杂务.
When you have a lot of small tasks that aren't very important but still need to get done, you can call them 杂务. Think of things like running errands, organizing your desk, or taking out the trash. These are all examples of 杂务. It's a useful word for describing all those little chores that add up in your daily life. It helps you talk about the less glamorous but necessary parts of your routine.
When discussing household responsibilities or general tasks that need doing, 杂务 (záwù) is the perfect word. It refers to a collection of various, often minor, duties that contribute to the upkeep of a home or a general environment. Think of it as a broad term for chores or miscellaneous tasks that might not be glamorous but are essential. For instance, tidying up, running errands, or sorting through mail could all fall under 杂务. It's a very practical term used in everyday Chinese to describe these common obligations.
§ Understanding 杂务 (záwù)
The Chinese word 杂务 (záwù) directly translates to 'miscellaneous duties' or 'chores'. It's a useful term to know when discussing tasks that might not be core responsibilities but still need to get done. Think of it as those extra little things that fill up your day, whether at work, school, or home.
- DEFINITION
- Miscellaneous duties; chores.
§ 杂务 in the Workplace
In a work setting, 杂务 often refers to administrative tasks, small favors, or things that aren't part of your main job description but contribute to the overall smooth running of the office. You might hear it from colleagues or supervisors when discussing workloads.
我的工作除了核心业务，还有很多杂务要处理。(My job, besides core business, also has many miscellaneous duties to handle.)
他每天都要帮老板处理一些杂务。(He has to help the boss deal with some chores every day.)
§ 杂务 at School and Home
At school, 杂务 could be things like organizing classroom materials, helping with events, or minor administrative duties for a student club. At home, it's pretty straightforward: chores. These are the daily tasks that keep a household running.
School Example:
学生会成员要负责很多杂务。(Student union members are responsible for many miscellaneous duties.)
Home Example:
周末我通常会做一些家里的杂务。(On weekends, I usually do some household chores.)
§ 杂务 in News and Formal Contexts
In news reports or more formal discussions, 杂务 might be used to describe the less glamorous but necessary tasks involved in a larger project or operation. It emphasizes the broad scope of duties that someone might have.
新来的员工除了专业工作，还要负责一些行政杂务。(The new employee, besides professional work, also needs to be responsible for some administrative miscellaneous duties.)
수준별 예문
我有很多杂务要做。
I have many chores to do.
他每天做很多杂务。
He does a lot of miscellaneous duties every day.
她不喜欢做家里的杂务。
She doesn't like doing household chores.
我们把杂务分了。
We divided the chores.
这些都是小杂务。
These are all small miscellaneous tasks.
做完杂务，我们就可以玩了。
After finishing the chores, we can play.
他帮我做了些杂务。
He helped me with some chores.
公司的杂务很多。
There are many miscellaneous duties in the company.
我有很多杂务要做。
I have many chores to do.
他每天都做家里的杂务。
He does daily household chores.
这些小杂务不难。
These small miscellaneous duties are not difficult.
她不喜欢做杂务。
She doesn't like doing chores.
你可以帮我做一些杂务吗？
Can you help me with some chores?
今天我的杂务很少。
Today I have very few miscellaneous duties.
妈妈叫我做杂务。
Mom asked me to do chores.
他把杂务都做完了。
He finished all the chores.
我每天都要处理各种家庭杂务，从做饭到打扫。
I have to deal with all kinds of household chores every day, from cooking to cleaning.
他工作很忙，还要抽出时间处理公司的一些杂务。
He is very busy with work, and also has to spare time to deal with some miscellaneous tasks for the company.
这些杂务虽然不起眼，但堆积起来也挺耗时间的。
Although these miscellaneous tasks are inconspicuous, they can be quite time-consuming when they accumulate.
她把所有的杂务都整理得井井有条，从不拖延。
She keeps all her chores well-organized and never procrastinates.
作为团队的负责人，他不仅要负责大方向，还要处理许多琐碎的杂务。
As the team leader, he is not only responsible for the general direction, but also has to handle many trivial miscellaneous tasks.
学生会组织活动，往往需要处理许多协调和准备的杂务。
The student council organizes events, often needing to handle many coordination and preparation chores.
父母常说，年轻人应该多承担一些家里的杂务。
Parents often say that young people should take on more household chores.
尽管他的职位很高，但他仍然愿意亲力亲为地处理一些日常杂务。
Despite his high position, he is still willing to personally handle some daily miscellaneous tasks.
문법 패턴
관용어 및 표현
"洗碗 (xǐ wǎn)"
To wash dishes
吃完饭，我们应该洗碗。 (After eating, we should wash the dishes.)
neutral"打扫房间 (dǎsǎo fángjiān)"
To clean the room
周末我要打扫房间。 (I need to clean my room on the weekend.)
neutral"叠衣服 (dié yīfu)"
To fold clothes
请帮我叠衣服。 (Please help me fold the clothes.)
neutral"倒垃圾 (dào lājī)"
To take out the trash
每天晚上我都会倒垃圾。 (I take out the trash every evening.)
neutral"整理床铺 (zhěnglǐ chuángpù)"
To make the bed
起床后要整理床铺。 (You should make your bed after getting up.)
neutral"擦桌子 (cā zhuōzi)"
To wipe the table
饭前要擦桌子。 (Wipe the table before meals.)
neutral"浇花 (jiāo huā)"
To water the flowers
我喜欢每天早上浇花。 (I like to water the flowers every morning.)
neutral"喂宠物 (wèi chǒngwù)"
To feed pets
别忘了喂宠物。 (Don't forget to feed the pets.)
neutral"跑腿 (pǎotuǐ)"
To run errands
我今天有很多跑腿的杂务。 (I have a lot of errands to run today.)
neutral"家务活 (jiāwùhuó)"
Household chores (a general term)
他总是抢着做家务活。 (He always volunteers to do household chores.)
neutral문장 패턴
做杂务 (zuò záwù) - to do chores
我今天需要做很多杂务。 (Wǒ jīntiān xūyào zuò hěn duō záwù.) - I need to do a lot of chores today.
忙于杂务 (mángyú záwù) - busy with miscellaneous duties
他整天忙于杂务，没时间休息。 (Tā zhěngtiān mángyú záwù, méi shíjiān xiūxí.) - He is busy with miscellaneous duties all day and has no time to rest.
处理杂务 (chǔlǐ záwù) - to handle chores
她负责处理家里的所有杂务。 (Tā fùzé chǔlǐ jiālǐ de suǒyǒu záwù.) - She is responsible for handling all the chores at home.
琐碎杂务 (suǒsuì záwù) - trivial chores
这些琐碎杂务占据了他大部分的时间。 (Zhèxiē suǒsuì záwù zhànjù le tā dà bùfèn de shíjiān.) - These trivial chores occupy most of his time.
日常杂务 (rìcháng záwù) - daily chores
完成日常杂务后，他才能开始自己的工作。 (Wánchéng rìcháng záwù hòu, tā cái néng kāishǐ zìjǐ de gōngzuò.) - After finishing the daily chores, he can start his own work.
公司杂务 (gōngsī záwù) - company miscellaneous duties
作为新员工，他需要处理一些公司杂务。 (Zuòwéi xīn yuángōng, tā xūyào chǔlǐ yīxiē gōngsī záwù.) - As a new employee, he needs to handle some company miscellaneous duties.
家务杂务 (jiāwù záwù) - household chores
我妈妈每天都要做很多家务杂务。 (Wǒ māma měitiān dōu yào zuò hěn duō jiāwù záwù.) - My mom has to do a lot of household chores every day.
分担杂务 (fēndān záwù) - to share chores
我们应该一起分担家里的杂务。 (Wǒmen yīnggāi yīqǐ fēndān jiālǐ de záwù.) - We should share the chores at home together.
어휘 가족
명사
형용사
팁
Basic Understanding of 杂务
杂务 (záwù) refers to a collection of small, often routine tasks that need to be done. Think of it as 'miscellaneous duties' or 'chores'.
Contextual Use with 處理 (chǔlǐ)
You'll often hear 杂务 used with verbs like 處理 (chǔlǐ), meaning to handle or deal with. So, 處理杂务 means 'to deal with chores/miscellaneous tasks'.
Common Everyday Examples
It can be anything from doing laundry to sorting mail. For example, '家务杂务' (jiāwù záwù) specifically refers to household chores.
Professional Contexts
In a work setting, 杂务 can refer to various administrative tasks or small duties that are not part of one's main responsibilities but still need to be done. E.g., '办公室杂务' (bàngōngshì záwù) - 'office chores/miscellaneous office tasks'.
Singular vs. Plural Meaning
Even though it sounds like a plural, 杂务 itself can refer to one or many small tasks. You don't need to add a pluralizer like '们'.
Synonyms and Related Words
Similar words include '琐事' (suǒshì), meaning trivial matters, but 杂务 implies tasks that need to be done, while 琐事 can be more about inconsequential details.
Using 杂 with Other Nouns
The character 杂 (zá) means mixed, various, or miscellaneous. You'll see it in other words like 杂志 (zázhì - magazine, a collection of mixed articles) or 杂货 (záhuò - groceries/sundries).
How to say 'a lot of chores'
You can say '很多杂务' (hěn duō záwù) for a lot of chores or '一堆杂务' (yī duī záwù) for 'a pile of chores'.
Practical Sentence Example 1
他今天有很多杂务要处理。(Tā jīntiān yǒu hěn duō záwù yào chǔlǐ.) - He has a lot of chores/miscellaneous tasks to deal with today.
Practical Sentence Example 2
这些杂务占用了我大部分时间。(Zhè xiē záwù zhànyòng le wǒ dà bùfèn shíjiān.) - These chores/miscellaneous tasks took up most of my time.
셀프 테스트 60 질문
Write a short sentence about one chore you do every day.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我每天做家务。 (I do chores every day.)
Write a sentence saying that a father is doing chores.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
爸爸做杂务。 (Dad does chores.)
Write a sentence saying that a mother helps with chores.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
妈妈帮我做杂务。 (Mom helps me with chores.)
小明喜欢做什么？
Read this passage:
小明喜欢玩。他不喜欢做杂务。妈妈说：“小明，请帮忙做杂务。”
小明喜欢做什么？
文章中说小明喜欢玩。
文章中说小明喜欢玩。
我什么时候做杂务？
Read this passage:
我每天早上起床后做杂务。然后我去学校。晚上回家后我再做一些杂务。
我什么时候做杂务？
文章中说早上和晚上都做杂务。
文章中说早上和晚上都做杂务。
我的姐姐怎么样？
Read this passage:
我的姐姐很忙。她有很多工作。但是她也做杂务。她很棒。
我的姐姐怎么样？
文章中说我的姐姐很忙。
文章中说我的姐姐很忙。
Write a short sentence about one chore you do every day.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我每天做饭，这是一项杂务。
Describe a simple household chore using 5-8 Chinese characters.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
打扫房间真累。
Write a sentence saying that you don't like doing chores.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我有点不喜欢做杂务。
根据短文，妈妈今天做了什么杂务？
Read this passage:
妈妈今天很忙，她要洗衣服，还要做饭。这些都是她的杂务。虽然很累，但是她总是把家里收拾得很干净。
根据短文，妈妈今天做了什么杂务？
短文里提到妈妈要洗衣服和做饭，这些都是她的杂务。
短文里提到妈妈要洗衣服和做饭，这些都是她的杂务。
小明不喜欢做什么？
Read this passage:
小明放学回家后，他的杂务是打扫自己的房间。他不喜欢做这个，但是他知道这是他的责任。
小明不喜欢做什么？
短文里提到“他不喜欢做这个”，这个指的是打扫自己的房间。
短文里提到“他不喜欢做这个”，这个指的是打扫自己的房间。
爸爸下班后会做哪些杂务？
Read this passage:
我的爸爸每天下班回家后，都会帮妈妈做一些杂务，比如倒垃圾，或者擦桌子。他很爱他的家庭。
爸爸下班后会做哪些杂务？
短文里说爸爸会“倒垃圾，或者擦桌子”。
短文里说爸爸会“倒垃圾，或者擦桌子”。
What does the speaker have a lot of?
What is the question about completing today?
What takes a lot of time?
Read this aloud:
我有很多杂务要做。
Focus: za wu
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Read this aloud:
你完成了今天的杂务吗？
Focus: jin tian
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Read this aloud:
这些杂务很花时间。
Focus: hua shi jian
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她把所有的___都安排得井井有条，从不拖延。(She always arranges all the miscellaneous duties in an orderly manner, never procrastinating.)
The context implies small, varied tasks, which is what '杂务' refers to.
周末我通常会做些家里的___，比如打扫卫生和洗衣服。(On weekends, I usually do some household chores, such as cleaning and washing clothes.)
Household tasks like cleaning and laundry are classic examples of '杂务'.
他每天除了完成本职工作，还要处理很多办公室的___。(Besides his main job, he also has to handle many miscellaneous duties in the office every day.)
The sentence suggests additional, varied tasks beyond his primary responsibilities, which fits '杂务'.
小明总是主动帮妈妈分担家里的___。(Xiao Ming always voluntarily helps his mother with household chores.)
'杂务' directly refers to the chores or miscellaneous duties of a household.
虽然这些___看起来不起眼，但堆积起来也会很耗时间。(Although these miscellaneous duties seem insignificant, they can be very time-consuming when they accumulate.)
The sentence describes small, varied tasks that collectively consume time, which is the meaning of '杂务'.
公司的行政人员负责处理日常的___，确保办公室正常运转。(The company's administrative staff are responsible for handling daily miscellaneous duties to ensure the office runs smoothly.)
Administrative staff often handle various small, essential tasks that fall under '杂务'.
她把所有的家务和___都料理得井井有条。
In this context, '杂务' (záwù) refers to miscellaneous duties or chores, which fits perfectly with '家务' (jiāwù, housework) to describe managing household tasks well. The other options don't convey the same meaning of varied small tasks.
公司里有很多零碎的___，需要有人来处理。
'杂务' (záwù) is the best fit here to describe the '零碎的' (língsuì de, scattered/fragmented) tasks that are numerous but not necessarily central to the main business. '公务' (gōngwù) refers to official business, '要务' (yàowù) to important matters, and '急务' (jíwù) to urgent tasks.
我最近被各种___缠身，忙得不可开交。
Here, '杂务' (záwù) expresses the idea of being burdened by various miscellaneous duties or chores, leading to being extremely busy. '公务' (gōngwù) and '政务' (zhèngwù) are too specific to official/governmental matters, and '要务' (yàowù) implies important tasks, which might not be the case for '杂务'.
作为团队的助理，他常常要负责一些行政___。
An assistant often handles '行政杂务' (xíngzhèng záwù), which are administrative chores or miscellaneous tasks. '事务' (shìwù) is a broader term for affairs, '任务' (rènwu) for a specific assignment, and '义务' (yìwù) for obligations, none of which precisely convey the 'miscellaneous' aspect.
办公室里总是堆积着很多需要处理的___。
'杂务' (záwù) fits well with the idea of '很多需要处理的' (hěn duō xūyào chǔlǐ de, many things to deal with) in an office setting, implying various small tasks. '公事' (gōngshì) refers to official business, '大事' (dàshì) to big matters, and '要事' (yàoshì) to important matters, which are generally not 'miscellaneous'.
假期里，我终于有时间处理那些搁置已久的___。
'搁置已久的杂务' (gēzhì yǐ jiǔ de záwù) perfectly describes miscellaneous duties or chores that have been put aside for a long time. '要务' (yàowù) and '任务' (rènwu) would imply more structured or important tasks, and '公务' (gōngwù) is for official business.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 他每天除了要处理公司业务，还要做很多家里的____。
The sentence describes tasks at home in addition to company business, implying various small tasks, which aligns with '杂务'.
Which of the following describes '杂务' best?
'杂务' refers to small, often repetitive, and not necessarily crucial tasks.
If someone says '我被一大堆杂务缠身', what do they mean?
'缠身' implies being entangled or bogged down, and when combined with '杂务', it means being overwhelmed by chores.
Doing '杂务' usually requires advanced education or specialized skills.
'杂务' are typically routine and do not require advanced education or specialized skills.
Cleaning the house, grocery shopping, and doing laundry can all be considered '杂务'.
These are common examples of chores or miscellaneous duties in daily life.
A CEO's primary responsibility of making strategic decisions for a company is considered '杂务'.
Making strategic decisions is a high-level, important responsibility, not a '杂务'.
This sentence structure follows a typical SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) pattern in Chinese. 他 (He) is the subject, 处理 (handles) is the verb, and 所有的家庭杂务 (all the household chores) is the object.
Here, '这些琐碎的杂务' (These trivial chores) is the subject. '让他分心了' (made him distracted) explains the effect of the chores. The '了' indicates a completed action or a change of state.
The sentence starts with '我希望' (I hope). The object of hope is '有人能帮我分担一些杂务' (someone can help me share some chores). This is a common way to express a wish or desire.
她每天都要处理各种家庭___，让她感到非常疲惫。
'杂务' (záwù) specifically refers to miscellaneous duties or chores, which fits the context of various household tasks making someone tired. '任务' (rènwù) is a task/mission, '工作' (gōngzuò) is work, and '事情' (shìqing) is a matter/thing, which are broader.
公司初创时期，每个人都要身兼数职，连CEO也要亲自处理一些日常___。
In a startup, even the CEO might handle '日常杂务' (rìcháng záwù), meaning daily miscellaneous chores, emphasizing the hands-on nature. '琐事' (suǒshì) is trivial matters, '业务' (yèwù) is business, and '活动' (huódòng) is activity.
为了能专心于写作，他雇佣了一位助手来处理大部分的行政___。
Here, '行政杂务' (xíngzhèng záwù) refers to administrative chores, which a writer would want to delegate to focus on writing. '事项' (shìxiàng) is an item/matter, '事宜' (shìyí) is matters concerned, and '事务' (shìwù) is general affairs/business.
周末，她把一整天的功夫都花在了处理花园里的各种___上。
In the garden, '各种杂务' (gèzhǒng záwù) would be the various chores like weeding, pruning, etc. '活动' (huódòng) is activity, '项目' (xiàngmù) is a project/item, and '事项' (shìxiàng) is an item/matter.
作为新来的实习生，他被分配了许多打扫和整理文件的___。
An intern is often given '杂务' (záwù) such as cleaning and organizing files, which are miscellaneous tasks. '任务' (rènwù) is a task, '工作' (gōngzuò) is work, and '职责' (zhízé) is duty/responsibility.
尽管研究工作非常繁忙，教授仍然亲自处理实验室的日常___。
Even a busy professor might handle '日常杂务' (rìcháng záwù) in the lab, meaning routine chores, showing dedication or a hands-on approach. '事务' (shìwù) is general affairs, '任务' (rènwù) is a task, and '事宜' (shìyí) is matters concerned.
The boss assigned too many miscellaneous duties, I feel overwhelmed.
She is responsible for all the chores at home, it's very hard work.
Although these miscellaneous tasks are trivial, they are important for the smooth operation of the company.
Read this aloud:
你能帮我分担一些杂务吗？我今天实在太忙了。
Focus: 杂务 (záwù)
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Read this aloud:
完成这些日常杂务后，我们就可以放松一下了。
Focus: 日常杂务 (rìcháng záwù)
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Read this aloud:
我宁愿做更有意义的工作，而不是处理这些无休止的杂务。
Focus: 无休止的杂务 (wúxiūzhǐ de záwù)
당신의 답변:
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Describe a typical day where you have to juggle many miscellaneous duties, both at work and at home. How do you prioritize and manage them?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我的一天通常从处理工作上的各种杂务开始，例如回复邮件、整理文件。下班后，家里的杂务也等着我，比如做饭、打扫卫生。为了高效完成这些，我会把最重要的杂务优先处理，并利用碎片时间完成一些小任务。重要的是要学会合理安排时间，才能不被繁多的杂务压垮。
Imagine you are discussing the division of household chores with your roommate. Write a short dialogue where you negotiate who does what, using '杂务' in context.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
A: 嗨，我们得谈谈家里的杂务分工了。我觉得最近我承担的有点多。 B: 是吗？我觉得我们都挺忙的。你觉得怎么分比较公平？ A: 嗯，比如洗碗和倒垃圾，我可以负责其中一项，但另一项你能帮着做吗？ B: 没问题，我可以负责倒垃圾。那像公共区域的清洁这些杂务，我们是不是可以轮流做？ A: 好主意！这样大家都不觉得负担太重。
Discuss the challenges and benefits of delegating miscellaneous duties in a team or family setting. Provide specific examples.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
在团队或家庭中分派杂务既有挑战也有好处。挑战在于可能会出现责任不清、推诿扯皮的情况，例如家庭中没人愿意倒垃圾，或者团队成员觉得某些杂务不属于自己的职责范围。然而，好处也显而易见，合理分派可以提高整体效率，减轻个人负担，并培养团队成员的责任感。例如，在一个项目中，如果能将一些琐碎的杂务，如会议记录或资料整理，分派给不同的成员，那么核心成员就能更专注于关键任务。
根据这段文字，人们为什么会感到压力倍增？
Read this passage:
现代社会，人们的生活节奏越来越快，工作和家庭的杂务也日益繁重。许多人因此感到压力倍增，甚至影响到身心健康。为了应对这一挑战，有些人选择寻求专业帮助，例如雇佣家政服务来处理家务杂务，或利用效率工具来管理工作上的琐事。
根据这段文字，人们为什么会感到压力倍增？
文章明确指出“工作和家庭的杂务也日益繁重。许多人因此感到压力倍增”。
文章明确指出“工作和家庭的杂务也日益繁重。许多人因此感到压力倍增”。
以下哪项不是小李日常杂务的一部分？
Read this passage:
在一个繁忙的办公室里，行政助理小李每天都要处理大量的杂务，包括接听电话、安排会议、整理文件和采购办公用品。尽管这些工作看似琐碎，但对于整个办公室的顺畅运作却至关重要。小李深知自己的职责，总是细致入微地完成每一项任务，赢得了同事们的尊重。
以下哪项不是小李日常杂务的一部分？
文章中提到了接听电话、安排会议、整理文件和采购办公用品，但没有提及撰写项目报告。
文章中提到了接听电话、安排会议、整理文件和采购办公用品，但没有提及撰写项目报告。
根据这段文字，中国传统家庭观念中谁主要承担家庭杂务？
Read this passage:
在中国的传统家庭观念中，女性常常被认为是承担家庭杂务的主要角色。然而，随着社会的发展和性别平等的推进，越来越多的家庭开始倡导夫妻双方共同分担家务。这种转变不仅减轻了女性的负担，也增进了家庭成员之间的理解和和谐。
根据这段文字，中国传统家庭观念中谁主要承担家庭杂务？
文章明确指出“女性常常被认为是承担家庭杂务的主要角色”。
文章明确指出“女性常常被认为是承担家庭杂务的主要角色”。
/ 60 correct
Perfect score!
Basic Understanding of 杂务
杂务 (záwù) refers to a collection of small, often routine tasks that need to be done. Think of it as 'miscellaneous duties' or 'chores'.
Contextual Use with 處理 (chǔlǐ)
You'll often hear 杂务 used with verbs like 處理 (chǔlǐ), meaning to handle or deal with. So, 處理杂务 means 'to deal with chores/miscellaneous tasks'.
Common Everyday Examples
It can be anything from doing laundry to sorting mail. For example, '家务杂务' (jiāwù záwù) specifically refers to household chores.
Professional Contexts
In a work setting, 杂务 can refer to various administrative tasks or small duties that are not part of one's main responsibilities but still need to be done. E.g., '办公室杂务' (bàngōngshì záwù) - 'office chores/miscellaneous office tasks'.
관련 콘텐츠
daily_life 관련 단어
朝九晚五
B2From nine to five; regular working hours.
未免
B2Rather; a bit too; truly (implies something excessive).
废弃
B2To abandon; to discard; to cease to use.
恪守
B2To scrupulously observe; to strictly adhere to.
反常
B2abnormal, unusual
充裕
B2Abundant; ample.
充沛
B2Abundant; plentiful; full of energy.
门禁卡
B2Access card; entry card.
门禁
B2Access control (system).
配件
B2Fittings; accessories; spare parts.
