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B1 noun 9분 분량

坏心

huaixin

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 坏心 30초 만에

설명 坏心 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that '坏' (huài) means 'bad' and '心' (xīn) means 'heart.' When you put them together, you get 'bad heart.' At this stage, just think of it as a way to say someone is not a nice person in their thoughts. You might learn '坏人' (bad person) first. '坏心' is like the 'badness' inside that person. You won't use this word much yourself, but you might hear it in simple stories about a 'bad' character. Just remember: 坏 = bad, 心 = heart/mind. If someone is mean, they have a '坏心.'

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At the A2 level, you can start to use '坏心' in simple sentences with the verb '有' (yǒu - to have). For example, '他有坏心' (He has a bad heart). You are learning that Chinese uses the word 'heart' for things like 'intentions' and 'feelings.' You should also learn the opposite: '好心' (hǎoxīn - good heart/kindness). A2 learners should be careful not to use '坏心' to talk about being sick. If your heart hurts, don't say '我坏心.' Instead, use '疼' (téng - hurt). '坏心' is only for being a mean or evil person in your mind.

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At the B1 level, you should understand that '坏心' is a noun meaning 'malice' or 'evil intent.' You should practice using it with the verb '安' (ān), as in '安坏心' (harbor bad intentions). This is a very common B1-level structure. You should also recognize it in social contexts—like when someone is being suspicious of another person's motives. You can use it to explain why a character in a movie is the villain. You are also starting to see that '心' is a very flexible character in Chinese, appearing in many words about personality and psychology.

At the B2 level, you should be able to distinguish '坏心' from more formal words like '恶意' (èyì) and more colloquial words like '坏心眼' (huàixīnyǎn). You should understand that '坏心' is often used in moral discussions and literature. You can use it to describe complex characters who might look good on the outside but have '坏心' on the inside. You should also be comfortable using it in the negative, '没安坏心,' to clear up misunderstandings. You should understand the cultural concept of 'heart' as the center of morality and how this word fits into that framework.

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At the C1 level, you should be familiar with the historical and literary nuances of '坏心.' You'll see it in classical literature or modern intellectual essays discussing human nature. You should understand how it relates to concepts like '居心' (motives) and idioms like '居心叵测.' At this level, you should be able to discuss the philosophy of whether people are born with a '坏心' or if they develop it. You should also be able to use the word in nuanced ways, perhaps in a satirical or ironic sense in high-level writing or debate.

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At the C2 level, '坏心' is a word you understand perfectly in all its shades. You can identify when a writer uses it to evoke a specific traditional moral tone. You can compare and contrast the concept of '坏心' with Western concepts of 'malice prepense' or 'original sin.' You are capable of using it in creative writing to build character depth, perhaps describing a character struggling against their own '坏心.' You understand all related idioms and can use them flawlessly in high-level diplomatic or literary discourse.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

坏心 30초 만에

坏心 (huàixīn) is a Chinese noun meaning 'malice' or 'evil intent,' literally 'bad heart.'
It is primarily used to describe hidden motives rather than visible actions or medical conditions.
Commonly paired with verbs like 安 (harbor) or 起 (develop), it is a key term in moral discussions.
It is a B1 level word, essential for understanding character motivations in Chinese culture and media.

The term 坏心 (huàixīn) is a compound noun in Chinese that literally translates to 'bad heart.' However, its meaning is far more nuanced than a simple physical ailment or a generic description of a person. In the Chinese linguistic tradition, the 'heart' (心) is considered the center of both emotion and intellect—the seat of one's intentions and character. Therefore, having a 'bad heart' implies that one's core motivations are corrupt, malicious, or intended to cause harm to others. It is predominantly used to describe the internal state of malice or evil intent that precedes a harmful action.

Literal Breakdown: 坏 (huài) means bad, broken, or spoiled. 心 (xīn) means heart, mind, or center. Together, they form the concept of a 'spoiled intention.'
Psychological Weight: Unlike 'bad behavior' which is visible, 坏心 refers to the invisible 'seed' of malice. It is often used to warn others about someone's hidden motives.

你别看他表面客气，其实他藏着坏心。(Don't look at his polite surface; he actually hides evil intentions.)

In daily conversation, you will hear this word used when people are discussing trust, betrayal, or the character of a third party. It is a very serious accusation. To say someone has huàixīn is to say they are fundamentally untrustworthy. It is frequently paired with the verb 安 (ān), meaning 'to harbor' or 'to set,' as in '安坏心' (to harbor bad intentions). This phrase is a staple in Chinese dramas, particularly those involving palace intrigue, family disputes, or business rivalries where characters are constantly questioning each other's true motives.

Culturally, the concept of 坏心 is tied to the Confucian emphasis on 'Ren' (benevolence). If the heart is not benevolent, it is 'bad.' This word serves as a moral label. When a child does something mean, a parent might say they have a '坏心眼' (a variation of the word), suggesting that the child is learning to be manipulative or cruel. As you progress in your Chinese studies, you'll notice that 坏心 is less formal than 恶意 (èyì - malice) but more formal than simple slang. It strikes a balance that makes it useful in both literature and serious personal discussions.

这种损人利己的行为，真是坏心透了。(This kind of behavior that harms others for personal gain is truly full of malice.)

Using 坏心 correctly requires understanding its grammatical function as a noun. It is rarely used as a standalone adjective (like 'he is bad-hearted') but rather as the object of a verb or as part of a descriptive phrase. The most common verbs that precede 坏心 are 安 (ān - to harbor), 起 (qǐ - to give rise to), and 怀 (huái - to carry/harbor).

Common Verb Pairings: 1. 安坏心 (ān huàixīn): To harbor bad intentions.
2. 起坏心 (qǐ huàixīn): To develop a malicious thought suddenly.
3. 没安坏心 (méi ān huàixīn): To mean no harm (very common in apologies).

我只是想帮忙，绝对没有安坏心。(I just wanted to help; I definitely didn't harbor any bad intentions.)

When you want to describe a person using this word, you often use the construction '一个坏心的人' or more commonly '坏心肠' (huàixīncháng - bad heart and intestines, meaning a wicked nature). The word can also be modified by adverbs of degree like '这种' (this kind of) or '极大的' (great). It is important to distinguish between a temporary 'bad thought' and a permanent 'bad heart.' 坏心 usually implies a deeper, more inherent character flaw than just a passing negative thought (which might be called 坏念头).

Furthermore, 坏心 can be used in the negative to reassure someone. If you accidentally offend a friend, saying '我没安坏心' is a way of clarifying that your 'heart' was in the right place, even if the 'action' was clumsy. This highlights the Chinese focus on the 'origin' of an action as a measure of its morality. If the heart is good (好心), even a mistake can be forgiven. If the heart is bad (坏心), even a 'good' action is viewed with suspicion as a potential trap.

他这辈子没做过什么大事，但也从没动过坏心。(He hasn't done anything big in his life, but he's never had a malicious thought either.)

You will encounter 坏心 in several distinct environments, ranging from high-stakes drama to everyday neighborhood gossip. Understanding these contexts will help you grasp the 'flavor' of the word. In Chinese TV dramas (C-Dramas), especially those set in historical periods (Wuxia or Xianxia), characters often accuse rivals of having a '坏心' when they uncover a plot. It's a key word for identifying the antagonist.

In Literature: Classical novels like 'Journey to the West' or 'Dream of the Red Chamber' use variations of 坏心 to describe demons or manipulative family members, emphasizing the internal decay of the character.
In Daily Gossip: Neighbors might whisper about a landlord or a local troublemaker, saying '他这人坏心眼多' (He has many bad intentions/tricks).

电影里的反派通常都有一颗坏心。(The villains in movies usually have an evil heart.)

Another common place to hear this word is in parental warnings. Chinese parents often warn their children to 'be careful of people with bad intentions' (当心有坏心的人). This reflects a cultural caution regarding strangers and the importance of discerning a person's true character. It's also found in news reports or social media discussions about scams or unethical business practices, where the public condemns the '坏心' of those who prey on the vulnerable.

Lastly, in religious or philosophical contexts (Buddhism/Taoism), 坏心 is discussed as something to be purified. Purging the 'bad heart' and replacing it with 'compassion' (慈悲) or 'purity' (清净) is a central theme. Therefore, you might hear it in a temple or during a lecture on morality. It's a word that connects the mundane world of interpersonal conflict with the spiritual world of character development.

做人不能有坏心，否则早晚会有报应。(One cannot have evil intentions, otherwise there will be retribution sooner or later.)

For English speakers, the most common mistake is taking the translation 'bad heart' too literally. In English, a 'bad heart' usually means a medical condition (arrhythmia, heart disease). In Chinese, using 坏心 in a hospital setting would lead to confusion. If you are talking about health, you must use '心脏不好' (xīnzàng bù hǎo) or '心脏病' (xīnzàng bìng).

Mistake 1: Medical vs. Moral: Incorrect: 我爷爷有坏心。(My grandpa has a bad heart/malice.)
Correct: 我爷爷心脏不好。(My grandpa has a weak heart/medical issue.)
Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Sad': Incorrect: 听到这个消息我很坏心。(I am very evil heart to hear this.)
Correct: 听到这个消息我很伤心。(I am very sad to hear this.)

Another mistake is confusing 坏心 with 坏人 (huàirén). While they are related, 坏人 is a noun for the person themselves (a 'bad guy'), whereas 坏心 refers to the internal quality or intent. You can say '这个坏人有坏心' (This bad person has evil intentions), but you cannot use them interchangeably in all contexts. For example, a 'good person' (好人) can occasionally '起坏心' (develop a bad thought) due to temptation, but that doesn't immediately make them a '坏人' in the permanent sense.

Finally, learners often confuse 坏心 with 坏心眼 (huàixīnyǎn). While very similar, 坏心眼 is more colloquial and often refers to being 'scheming' or 'petty' rather than 'evil' in a grand sense. Use 坏心 for serious malice and 坏心眼 for someone who is tricky, manipulative, or plays mean-spirited pranks. Misusing these can make your speech sound either too formal or too childish for the situation.

别把他的玩笑当成坏心。(Don't mistake his joke for malice.)

Chinese has a rich vocabulary for describing negative intentions. Choosing the right word depends on the level of formality and the specific type of 'badness' you are describing. 坏心 is a middle-ground term, but here are its neighbors:

恶意 (èyì): This is the formal, legal, and academic term for 'malice.' You see this in news reports and formal writing. While 坏心 is used in conversation, 恶意 is used in analysis.
歹心 (dǎixīn): This word is stronger and often implies criminal intent. If someone is planning a murder or a robbery, they are said to have '歹心.' It sounds more dramatic and dangerous than 坏心.
居心 (jūxīn): This refers to 'motives' or 'what is in one's heart.' It's often used in the idiom '居心叵测' (jūxīn pǒcè), meaning 'motives that are hard to fathom' (usually implying they are bad).

我们要区分无意的过失和蓄意的恶意。(We must distinguish between unintentional mistakes and deliberate malice.)

If you want to be more colloquial, you might use '没安好心' (méi ān hǎoxīn), which literally means 'not harboring a good heart.' This is the most common way to say someone has bad intentions without using the word 坏心 directly. It's a double negative that acts as a softer, yet very clear, accusation. Another alternative is '黑心' (hēixīn - black heart), which is used specifically for people who are extremely greedy or unethical in business, like a '黑心商家' (unscrupulous merchant).

In summary, while 坏心 is a versatile B1-level word, as you advance, you should try to use 恶意 in formal writing and 歹心 when describing serious criminal intent. For daily skepticism about someone's motives, '没安好心' remains the most natural phrase for native speakers.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In ancient Chinese medicine, the heart was seen as the 'emperor' of the organs. A 'bad heart' (坏心) therefore meant the entire 'kingdom' (the person) was in chaos.

발음 가이드

UK /hwaɪ ʃɪn/

US /hwaɪ ʃɪn/

The stress is balanced between both syllables, but 'xīn' often carries the lingering meaning.

라임이 맞는 단어

快心 (kuàixīn) 真心 (zhēnxīn) 小心 (xiǎoxīn) 信心 (xìnxīn) 耐心 (nàixīn) 爱心 (àixīn) 伤心 (shāngxīn) 开心 (kāixīn)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'xīn' like 'sin' (the 'x' should be more like a soft 'sh').
Using the wrong tone for 'huài' (it should be 4th tone, falling).
Using the wrong tone for 'xīn' (it should be 1st tone, high level).
Confusing 'huài' with 'huí' (return).
Confusing 'xīn' with 'xìng' (nature/surname).

난이도

독해 3/5

Characters are basic, but the abstract meaning requires B1 level context.

쓰기 3/5

Writing '坏' and '心' is easy, but using them correctly in a sentence takes practice.

말하기 3/5

Tones (4th and 1st) are distinct and important for clarity.

듣기 2/5

Easily recognized in dramas and stories.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

坏心好心坏人做事

다음에 배울 것

恶意歹意居心叵测心肠动机

고급

蛇蝎心肠口蜜腹剑阴险狡诈

알아야 할 문법

Verb-Object Compounds

安(Verb) + 坏心(Object)

Resultative Complements

坏心被揭穿了 (was exposed)

Adjective phrase with 的

坏心的人 (Malicious person)

Negative '没' for possession

没安坏心 (Didn't harbor malice)

Directional verbs with abstract nouns

起(rise) 坏心

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수준별 예문

他是一个坏人，他有坏心。

He is a bad person; he has a bad heart.

Simple subject-verb-object structure.

不要有坏心。

Don't have bad intentions.

Negative imperative '不要'.

坏心是不好的。

A bad heart is not good.

Using '坏心' as a subject.

他坏心吗？

Does he have a bad heart?

Simple question with '吗'.

我没有坏心。

I don't have bad intentions.

Negation with '没有'.

谁有坏心？

Who has bad intentions?

Question with '谁'.

坏心的人不快乐。

People with bad intentions are not happy.

Using '的' to modify '人'.

你有坏心吗？没有。

Do you have bad intentions? No.

Question and short answer.

那个人看起来很有坏心。

That person looks like they have a lot of malice.

Using '看起来' (looks like).

我们不应该起坏心。

We should not develop bad intentions.

Using '应该' (should) and '起' (to start/rise).

虽然他很穷，但他没有坏心。

Although he is poor, he has no malice.

Contrast using '虽然...但是...'.

坏心会让人做坏事。

Bad intentions will make people do bad things.

Causative '让' (make/let).

别对他抱有坏心。

Don't harbor malice toward him.

Using '对...抱有' (to hold toward...).

他的坏心被大家发现了。

His malice was discovered by everyone.

Passive voice with '被'.

如果你有坏心，你就没有朋友。

If you have malice, you will have no friends.

Conditional '如果...就...'.

这个故事讲的是一个坏心的巫婆。

This story is about a malicious witch.

Using '讲的是' (is about).

他表面上很客气，其实暗地里安着坏心。

He is polite on the surface, but actually harbors malice secretly.

Contrast between '表面上' and '其实'.

你千万不要对他起坏心，他是个好人。

You must not develop bad intentions toward him; he is a good man.

Using '千万不要' for strong advice.

我真的没安坏心，请你相信我。

I really didn't harbor any bad intentions; please believe me.

Using '没安' as a fixed phrase.

他的坏心最终害了他自己。

His malice eventually harmed himself.

Using '最终' (eventually).

这种坏心是不可能长久隐藏的。

This kind of malice cannot be hidden for long.

Using '不可能' (impossible).

他因为一时的坏心而犯了错。

He made a mistake because of a momentary bad intention.

Using '因为...而...' (because of... then...).

别用你的坏心去猜测别人的好意。

Don't use your malice to second-guess others' good intentions.

Using '用...去...' (use... to...).

我们要时刻警惕那些有坏心的人。

We must always be vigilant against those with bad intentions.

Using '时刻' (always/at all times).

他这种人，满肚子都是坏心，离他远点。

That kind of person is full of malice; stay away from him.

Idiomatic '满肚子都是' (stomach full of).

坏心通常源于嫉妒和贪婪。

Malice usually stems from jealousy and greed.

Using '源于' (stems from).

他虽然犯了法，但并没有杀人的坏心。

Although he broke the law, he didn't have the malicious intent to kill.

Distinguishing between act and specific intent.

你这么做，难道是起了坏心吗？

By doing this, is it possible you've developed bad intentions?

Rhetorical question with '难道'.

他那些坏心早晚会被揭穿的。

Those bad intentions of his will be exposed sooner or later.

Future passive '会被揭穿'.

我们要学会辨别谁是真心，谁是坏心。

We must learn to distinguish who is sincere and who is malicious.

Using '学会' (learn to) and '辨别' (distinguish).

这种坏心在法律上很难被界定。

This kind of malice is hard to define legally.

Using '很难被界定' (hard to be defined).

他的一番话暴露了他隐藏已久的坏心。

His words exposed his long-hidden malice.

Using '暴露' (expose) and '已久' (for a long time).

文学作品中的反派往往具有复杂且深沉的坏心。

Antagonists in literary works often possess complex and deep-seated malice.

Formal academic vocabulary.

他那种坏心是根深蒂固的，很难改变。

That kind of malice is deep-rooted and very hard to change.

Using the idiom '根深蒂固'.

若非他起了坏心，这桩悲剧本可避免。

If he hadn't developed bad intentions, this tragedy could have been avoided.

Classical '若非' (if it weren't for).

他以德报怨，化解了对方的坏心。

He returned good for evil, dissolving the other person's malice.

Using the idiom '以德报怨'.

坏心一旦萌发，就像野草一样难以铲除。

Once malice sprouts, it is as hard to eradicate as weeds.

Simile with '像...一样'.

这种坏心并非天生，而是后天环境造成的。

This kind of malice is not innate but caused by the later environment.

Contrast '并非...而是...'.

他试图掩饰内心的坏心，但眼神出卖了他。

He tried to hide the malice in his heart, but his eyes betrayed him.

Using '出卖' in the sense of 'betray/reveal'.

对于他的坏心，我早已洞若观火。

As for his malice, I have seen through it clearly for a long time.

Using the idiom '洞若观火'.

人性之幽暗，往往体现在那些不动声色的坏心之中。

The darkness of human nature is often reflected in those quiet, subtle bad intentions.

Highly formal/philosophical structure.

他那阴鸷的性格中潜藏着一种毁灭性的坏心。

Within his gloomy and cold character lurks a destructive malice.

Using advanced adjectives like '阴鸷' and '毁灭性'.

此人居心叵测，其坏心昭然若揭。

This person's motives are unfathomable, and their malice is as clear as day.

Combining two high-level idioms.

历史的长河中，无数权臣因一己之坏心而倾覆江山。

In the long river of history, countless powerful officials have toppled dynasties due to their own malice.

Epic historical narrative style.

他不仅有坏心，更有实施坏心的手段。

He not only has malice but also the means to carry it out.

Structure '不仅...更有...'.

这种坏心是对社会契约的根本背叛。

This kind of malice is a fundamental betrayal of the social contract.

Abstract sociopolitical terminology.

尽管他极力辩解，但其坏心在铁证面前无所遁形。

Despite his best efforts to defend himself, his malice has nowhere to hide in the face of ironclad evidence.

Using '无所遁形' (nowhere to hide).

圣人云：克己复礼，方能祛除心中之坏心。

The sage said: only by restraining oneself and returning to rites can one eliminate the malice in one's heart.

Classical '云' and '方能' structure.

자주 쓰는 조합

安坏心

起坏心

没安坏心

一肚子坏心

坏心肠

隐藏坏心

坏心眼

动坏心

坏心透了

出于坏心

자주 쓰는 구문

没安坏心

— To not mean any harm. Often used to apologize for an accidental offense.

对不起，我没安坏心。

坏心眼儿

— Colloquial term for mean tricks or petty malice.

他这人坏心眼儿多。

起坏心

— To suddenly have a bad idea or malicious intent.

看到钱，他起了坏心。

别起坏心

— A warning not to think about doing something bad.

你可别起坏心啊。

坏心肠

— A person who is wicked by nature.

坏心肠的老巫婆。

藏着坏心

— To hide bad intentions behind a friendly appearance.

他心里藏着坏心。

一肚子坏心

— To be full of malice; to be a very bad person.

他满肚子坏心，没一句真话。

出于坏心

— Acting out of malice.

这件事他是出于坏心做的。

怀着坏心

— Harboring bad intentions while doing something.

他怀着坏心接近她。

看透坏心

— To see through someone's bad intentions.

我早就看透了他的坏心。

자주 혼동되는 단어

坏心 vs 心脏病

Medical heart disease vs moral bad heart.

坏心 vs 伤心

Sadness vs malicious intent.

坏心 vs 坏人

The person vs the intent.

관용어 및 표현

"居心叵测"

— With unfathomable motives (usually bad).

这个新来的同事居心叵测。

Formal

"蛇蝎心肠"

— To have the heart of a snake or scorpion; extremely cruel.

她真是蛇蝎心肠。

Literary

"包藏祸心"

— To harbor a disastrous intent secretly.

此人进献宝物，实则包藏祸心。

Formal

"别有用心"

— To have an ulterior motive.

他这么做显然是别有用心。

Neutral

"狼子野心"

— Wild ambitions (like a wolf's cub); ruthless intent.

他的狼子野心终于暴露了。

Literary

"心术不正"

— One's mind/heart is not on the right path; dishonest.

这孩子心术不正，得好好教导。

Formal

"口蜜腹剑"

— Honey in the mouth, a sword in the belly; two-faced.

最怕这种口蜜腹剑的小人。

Literary

"佛口蛇心"

— The mouth of a Buddha but the heart of a snake.

他看起来慈祥，其实是佛口蛇心。

Literary

"人面兽心"

— Human face but the heart of a beast.

那个罪犯简直是人面兽心。

Strong

"处心积虑"

— To deliberate and plan for a long time (usually for something bad).

他处心积虑地想要夺取公司。

Formal

혼동하기 쉬운

坏心 vs 恶意

Both mean malice.

恶意 is formal/legal; 坏心 is more descriptive and common.

法律上的恶意 (Legal malice) vs 他的坏心 (His bad intent).

坏心 vs 坏心眼

Very similar structure.

坏心眼 is colloquial and often implies being tricky or petty.

别耍坏心眼 (Stop playing mean tricks).

坏心 vs 歹心

Both refer to bad hearts.

歹心 is much stronger, usually implying violent or criminal intent.

起歹心杀人 (Develop criminal intent to kill).

坏心 vs 坏念头

Both are bad thoughts.

念头 is a fleeting thought; 坏心 is a deeper intent or character trait.

一时的坏念头 (A momentary bad thought).

坏心 vs 黑心

Both are 'bad hearts.'

黑心 usually refers to greed or lack of ethics in business.

黑心老板 (Unscrupulous boss).

문장 패턴

S + 有 + 坏心

那个人有坏心。

S + 没安 + 坏心

我真的没安坏心。

S + 对 + Person + 起坏心

他对他起坏心。

S + 满肚子 + 坏心

他满肚子坏心。

出于 + 坏心 + VP

他是出于坏心才骗你的。

S + 隐藏 + 坏心

他极力隐藏内心的坏心。

坏心 + 昭然若揭

他的坏心昭然若揭。

祛除 + 坏心

修行是为了祛除心中的坏心。

어휘 가족

명사

坏心眼

坏心肠

坏处

동사

变坏

坏了

破坏

형용사

坏心的

邪恶的

不良的

사용법

frequency

Common in literature, television, and moral discourse.

자주 하는 실수

Using 坏心 for a heart attack. → 心脏病发作
坏心 is moral, not medical.
Saying '他很坏心'. → 他很有坏心 / 他心肠很坏
坏心 is a noun, not a standalone adjective.
Confusing 坏心 with 伤心. → 伤心 (sad)
Huài is bad; Shāng is hurt/sad. Very different meanings.
Using 坏心 for 'bad luck'. → 运气不好
坏心 is about intention, not external circumstances.
Interchanging 坏心 and 坏人 in all cases. → Use 坏人 for the person, 坏心 for the thought.
A person is a 'bad guy', but the thought is 'malice'.

팁

Verb Pairing

Always remember the verb '安' (ān). '没安坏心' is a very useful phrase for apologizing.

Heart Metaphor

In Chinese, almost all psychological words use '心'. Understanding this helps you learn hundreds of words.

Tone Accuracy

Make sure 'huài' is a sharp falling tone, or it might sound like 'huái' (to harbor/pregnancy).

Colloquialism

Use '坏心眼' when talking to friends about someone being a bit of a jerk.

Context Clues

If you hear 'xīn' in a drama, look at the character's face. If they look angry or shady, it's likely 坏心.

Character Practice

The character '坏' has the 'earth' radical. Think of 'spoiled earth'.

Intensity

Calling someone '坏心' is very serious. Don't use it lightly.

Formal vs Informal

Use '恶意' in your essays and '坏心' in your stories.

Mnemonic

A 'Bad Heart' leads to 'Bad Deeds'. Simple and effective.

Defense

'我没安坏心' is a great way to defend your character.

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기억법

Think of a 'Broken (坏) Heart (心).' Not broken because of love, but broken because it's rotten and mean.

시각적 연상

Imagine a dark, rotten apple shaped like a heart. The outside looks okay, but the inside is 'huài' (spoiled).

Word Web

坏 (Bad) 心 (Heart) 恶意 (Malice) 好心 (Good Heart) 坏人 (Bad Person) 坏事 (Bad Thing) 安 (Harbor) 起 (Rise)

챌린지

Try to use '没安坏心' in a sentence to explain a mistake you made to a friend.

어원

The word is a combination of two ancient Chinese characters. '坏' (huài) originally depicted a wall or structure collapsing (土 earth + 褱). '心' (xīn) was a pictograph of the physical heart. Over centuries, 'heart' became the metaphor for the mind and moral center.

원래 의미: A 'broken' or 'decayed' moral center.

Sino-Tibetan

문화적 맥락

Calling someone '坏心' is a personal insult. Use with caution in real-life social interactions.

English speakers often say 'bad heart' for health, but 'evil heart' or 'malice' for character. Use 'malice' to translate 坏心.

The character Pan Jinlian in 'Water Margin' is often described as having a 坏心. Various 'Ghost' stories (Liaozhai) feature demons with 坏心 pretending to be humans. Modern C-Dramas like 'Story of Yanxi Palace' focus heavily on characters with hidden 坏心.

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실제 사용 상황

Conflict Resolution

我没安坏心
误会了我的坏心
解释清楚
不要起坏心

Storytelling

反派的坏心
邪恶的坏心
隐藏坏心
暴露坏心

Social Warnings

当心坏心人
别被坏心骗了
看人看心
防人之心

Self-Reflection

反省坏心
除去坏心
保持好心
别动坏心

Business Ethics

黑心商家
坏心竞争
诚信经营
欺诈行为

대화 시작하기

"你觉得电影里的反派为什么会有坏心？"

"你曾经被人误会过有坏心吗？"

"在你的文化里，怎么形容一个有坏心的人？"

"如果你发现朋友起了坏心，你会怎么做？"

"‘好心没好报’这句话你同意吗？"

일기 주제

写一个关于一个表面善良但内心有坏心的人的故事。

描述一次你原本是好心，却被别人误认为有坏心的经历。

你认为坏心是天生的，还是后天环境造成的？请说明理由。

如何辨别一个人是否真的没安坏心？分享你的经验。

讨论一下社会竞争中，‘坏心’是否真的能让人获利。

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, 'sad' is 伤心 (shāngxīn). 坏心 only means malicious intent.

Yes, it is very common in B1 level Chinese and higher, especially in stories.

It is better to use 坏心眼 for children as it sounds less severe and more about being 'naughty' or 'tricky.'

You can say '我不是故意的' or '我没安坏心' if you want to emphasize your lack of malice.

恶意 is formal (like 'malice' in a law book), while 坏心 is more descriptive of a person's character (like 'evil heart').

Never. Use 心脏 (xīnzàng) for the physical heart.

It is a noun. To use it like an adjective, you say '坏心的' (malicious).

It is grammatically better to say '我有坏心' or '我起了坏心,' though '坏心肠' is used as an adjective phrase.

The most common opposite is 好心 (hǎoxīn).

Not necessarily. It can just mean being mean-spirited or wanting someone to fail.

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