A2 noun 중립 1분 분량

操作系统

cāozuò xìtǒng /ˌɒpəˈreɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm/
Practice it

An operating system is the fundamental software that manages a computer's resources and allows users to interact with it.

30초 단어

  • Core software managing computer hardware and software.
  • Enables user interaction with the computer.
  • Essential for computer functionality.

Overview

操作系统（Operating System, OS）是计算机系统中最基本、最重要的系统软件。它扮演着“管家”的角色，负责管理计算机的所有硬件资源（包括处理器、内存、存储设备、输入输出设备等）以及软件资源（如应用程序）。没有操作系统，计算机将无法正常工作，用户也无法与计算机进行交互。

操作系统是计算机启动后首先运行的程序。用户通过操作系统提供的用户界面（图形界面GUI或命令行界面CLI）来启动和使用各种应用程序，如文字处理软件、浏览器、游戏等。操作系统还负责文件的存储、检索和管理，以及网络通信、安全防护等功能。

在日常生活中，我们接触到的操作系统非常多，最常见的有Windows（如Windows 10, Windows 11）、macOS（用于苹果电脑）、Linux（广泛用于服务器和一些个人电脑）以及移动操作系统如Android（用于智能手机和平板电脑）和iOS（用于苹果的iPhone和iPad）。当购买新电脑或手机时，操作系统是预装好的，我们只需进行简单的设置即可使用。

与“操作系统”类似的词语包括“系统软件”和“应用软件”。系统软件是计算机正常运行所必需的底层软件，操作系统是其中最核心的部分。而应用软件（如Word、Excel、微信）则是用户为了完成特定任务而安装和使用的软件，它们运行在操作系统的之上，依赖于操作系统提供的服务。

예시

1

我的手机是安卓操作系统。

everyday

My phone runs on the Android operating system.

2

服务器通常运行Linux操作系统以保证稳定性。

formal

Servers typically run the Linux operating system for stability.

3

你用什么操作系统？我用Windows。

informal

What OS do you use? I use Windows.

4

本次研究对比了不同操作系统的性能表现。

academic

This study compared the performance of different operating systems.

자주 쓰는 조합

安装操作系统 install operating system
启动操作系统 boot operating system
更新操作系统 update operating system
操作系统内核 operating system kernel

자주 쓰는 구문

操作系统版本

operating system version

操作系统界面

operating system interface

闭源操作系统

closed-source operating system

开源操作系统

open-source operating system

자주 혼동되는 단어

操作系统 vs 应用程序 (Application)

An operating system is the core software managing the computer, while an application is a program designed for specific user tasks (like a word processor or web browser) that runs on top of the OS.

操作系统 vs 硬件 (Hardware)

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer (like the CPU, monitor, keyboard), whereas the operating system is the software that controls and manages this hardware.

문법 패턴

名词 + 是 + 操作系统 运行/使用 + 操作系统 安装/更新 + 操作系统

How to Use It

사용 참고사항

The term 'operating system' is standard in both technical and everyday contexts when discussing computers and mobile devices. It's a neutral term applicable across various registers.

자주 하는 실수

Learners might sometimes confuse the operating system with specific applications or the computer's hardware. It's important to remember the OS is the foundational software layer.

Tips

💡

Understand OS Basics

Think of the OS as the computer's brain, coordinating all its activities. It's crucial for everything you do on a device.

⚠️

Keep OS Updated

Regularly update your operating system to ensure security and access the latest features. Outdated systems can be vulnerable.

🌍

OS Market Share

Different operating systems dominate different markets. Windows is popular on desktops, while Android leads in mobile devices globally.

어원

The term 'operating system' emerged in the mid-1950s to describe the software that managed the 'operation' of a computer. It signifies the system that makes the computer 'operate'.

문화적 맥락

The choice of operating system can sometimes reflect user preference or ecosystem loyalty, such as the preference for Apple's macOS or iOS devices over Windows or Android.

암기 팁

Think of the 'Operating System' as the 'Operations Manager' for your computer, directing all the tasks and resources.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

操作系统是管理计算机硬件和软件的核心程序。它就像一个总指挥，协调所有设备和软件的运行，并提供用户界面。

常见的桌面操作系统有Windows、macOS和Linux。常见的移动操作系统有Android和iOS。

没有操作系统，计算机的硬件和软件无法协同工作，用户也无法使用计算机来运行程序或执行任务。

操作系统是底层的基础软件，而应用程序是用户为了完成特定任务而安装使用的软件，它运行在操作系统的之上。

셀프 테스트

fill blank

我的新电脑预装了Windows ____。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: b

电脑的核心控制软件是操作系统，而非应用程序、硬件或文件。

multiple choice

以下哪个选项是计算机的“大管家”？

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: b

操作系统是负责管理计算机所有资源的核心软件。

sentence building

词语：操作系统, 电脑, 运行, 必须

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: c

这个句子准确地表达了操作系统对于电脑运行的必要性。

점수: /3

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operating system 영어
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