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B1 noun 10분 분량

合理性

helixing

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 合理性 30초 만에

설명 合理性 in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 合理性 (hélǐxìng) is quite advanced, but we can understand the basic idea behind it. Imagine you are at a market. If a small apple costs $100, you would think, 'This is not right! This is crazy!' In Chinese, when something 'is right' or 'makes sense,' we use the word 合理 (hélǐ). The word 合理性 is just the name for that 'rightness.' At A1, you don't need to use this long word yourself. Instead, you should focus on the first part: 合 (hé), which means 'to fit' or 'to match.' Think of it like a puzzle piece. If the piece fits, it is 'hé.' If a price or a rule fits what we expect, it is 'hélǐ' (reasonable). You might hear a teacher say '这不合理' (This is not reasonable) if a student doesn't do their homework. The 'xìng' at the end just turns it into a big noun. So, while you might not say 'I am studying the rationality of this apple price,' you can understand that people use this word when they are talking about whether something is fair or makes sense. It's like asking the question: 'Does this follow the rules of the world?' If yes, it has 合理性. For now, just remember that 合 (match) + 理 (reason) = something that makes sense. If you see this word in a book, just think 'Is it okay? Is it fair?' and you will understand the main point. Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just recognize that it is a formal way to talk about things being fair and logical.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to see more complex words that end in 性 (xìng). This character is very helpful because it works like the English '-ness' or '-ity.' For example, 'important' is 重要 (zhòngyào), and 'importance' is 重要性 (zhòngyàoxìng). Similarly, 'reasonable' is 合理 (hélǐ), and 'reasonableness' or 'rationality' is 合理性 (hélǐxìng). At this stage, you should know that 合理性 is a noun. You use it when you want to talk about the concept of something being fair. For instance, in a simple sentence, you could say '这个规则没有合理性' (This rule has no rationality/reasonableness). This is a step up from just saying 'This rule is bad.' It sounds a bit more serious and thoughtful. You will often see this word in short news articles or simple business dialogues. When you are learning A2 grammar, you learn how to describe things using '的' (de). You can use this with 合理性 too, like '计划的合理性' (the reasonableness of the plan). This word helps you move away from simple 'good' and 'bad' judgments and start talking about 'why' things are the way they are. It is a very useful word for expressing your opinion in a more formal way. If you are in a shop and the service is very slow, you might think about the 合理性 of their process. It’s a great word to help you start thinking in more abstract Chinese terms. Just remember: it’s a noun, it’s formal, and it means 'the quality of making sense.'

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As a B1 learner, you are at the perfect level to start using 合理性 (hélǐxìng) in your own writing and speaking. At this level, you are expected to handle more abstract topics like work, society, and personal opinions. 合理性 is a key word for these discussions. You should understand that it isn't just about 'fairness' in a moral sense, but about 'logic' and 'justification.' For example, if you are writing an essay about whether students should wear uniforms, you can discuss the '合理性' of the school's policy. Does it help students focus? Does it save money? These are the factors that make up its rationality. You will also start to notice common patterns, such as '质疑...的合理性' (to question the rationality of...) or '考虑...的合理性' (to consider the rationality of...). This word is very common in B1 level reading materials, such as news summaries or workplace emails. It allows you to sound more objective. Instead of saying 'I think this is wrong,' you can say '我怀疑这个决定的合理性' (I doubt the rationality of this decision). This shift in language makes you sound much more professional and sophisticated in Chinese. You should also be able to distinguish it from the adjective 合理. Remember: '这个价格很合理' (This price is reasonable) vs. '我们要分析价格的合理性' (We need to analyze the rationality of the price). Mastering this distinction is a hallmark of the B1 level. You are moving beyond basic communication into the realm of structured argument and analysis.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 合理性 (hélǐxìng) in complex arguments and formal reports. You understand that this word often carries a weight of 'justification' and 'evidence-based reasoning.' In B2 level texts, you will see it used to evaluate complex systems, such as '经济结构的合理性' (the rationality of the economic structure) or '法律条文的合理性' (the rationality of legal clauses). You should also be aware of its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. For example, why would an author choose 合理性 instead of 正当性 (legitimacy) or 可行性 (feasibility)? 合理性 focuses on the internal logic and the 'sense' it makes, whereas 正当性 focuses on moral or legal rightness, and 可行性 focuses on whether it can actually be done. At B2, you are expected to use these words precisely to convey subtle differences in meaning. You might also encounter the word in the context of 'rationalization'—the process of making something appear rational. For instance, '为自己的错误寻找合理性' (to look for rationality for one's own mistakes/to rationalize one's mistakes). This shows a deeper understanding of the word's psychological and social applications. In your own output, try to use 合理性 to frame your critiques of policies or theories. It will give your arguments a more scholarly and objective tone. You should also be able to handle the word in listening exercises where speakers might be debating the '合理性' of a controversial topic, requiring you to follow the logic of their arguments closely.

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At the C1 level, your understanding of 合理性 (hélǐxìng) should be nuanced and multifaceted. You should be able to discuss the philosophical underpinnings of the word, perhaps linking it to the concept of 'Li' (理) in Chinese philosophy or the Western concept of 'Rationality' in the Enlightenment sense. You will encounter this word in high-level academic papers, legal documents, and deep social critiques. At this level, you should be familiar with specialized terms like '工具合理性' (instrumental rationality) and '价值合理性' (value rationality), and be able to use them to analyze social phenomena. For example, you might discuss how modern society often prioritizes instrumental rationality (efficiency and results) over value rationality (ethics and meaning). You should also be sensitive to the rhetorical use of the word. Sometimes, speakers use '合理性' to mask subjective preferences under a veneer of objective logic. Being able to identify and critique such usage is a key skill at C1. In writing, you should be able to weave 合理性 into complex sentences with ease, using it to build sophisticated logical frameworks. For instance: '该政策的合理性不仅取决于其经济效益，更取决于其在社会公平层面的正当性' (The rationality of this policy depends not only on its economic benefits but also on its legitimacy at the level of social equity). This level of expression requires a deep grasp of how 合理性 interacts with other abstract concepts. You are no longer just learning a word; you are mastering a tool for advanced critical thinking in Chinese.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 合理性 (hélǐxìng). You understand its every nuance, its historical development, and its subtle connotations in various professional fields. You can use it with total precision in any context, from a supreme court legal brief to a philosophical treatise on the nature of reason. You are aware of how the concept of 合理性 has evolved in the Chinese linguistic landscape, especially how it has been influenced by translated Western concepts of 'rationalism' and 'modernity.' You can engage in spontaneous, high-level debates where you dissect the '合理性' of an opponent's argument, identifying logical fallacies or questioning their underlying premises. You also understand the poetic or ironic uses of the word. For example, in literature, an author might describe an 'irrational' situation with the word '合理性' to highlight its absurdity. You can appreciate the famous saying '存在即合理' (What exists is rational) and discuss its Hegelian roots and its common misinterpretations in modern Chinese society. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item; it is a part of your intellectual toolkit. You can use it to construct elegant, persuasive, and profoundly logical discourses. Your mastery is such that you can even play with the word, using it in creative ways that still respect its core meaning and formal register. You are capable of explaining the '合理性' of the Chinese language's own structure to others, demonstrating a complete and holistic command of the language and its conceptual world.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

合理性 30초 만에

合理性 (hélǐxìng) is a formal noun meaning 'rationality' or 'reasonableness,' used to evaluate if something makes sense.
It is composed of 合 (fit), 理 (reason), and 性 (suffix for -ity/-ness), common in professional and academic Chinese.
Commonly used with verbs like 'question' (质疑), 'prove' (证明), or 'examine' (审查) to critique policies or prices.
It differs from 'legality' (合法性) as something can be legal but still irrational or unreasonable in a social context.

The term 合理性 (hélǐxìng) is a cornerstone of intellectual and formal discourse in Chinese, representing the abstract quality of being 'rational,' 'reasonable,' or 'justifiable.' To understand this word, one must look at its morphological DNA. It is composed of three distinct characters: 合 (hé) meaning to match, fit, or suit; 理 (lǐ) meaning logic, reason, or the inherent pattern of things; and 性 (xìng), which functions as a suffix similar to '-ity' or '-ness' in English, transforming the adjective 'reasonable' into the noun 'reasonableness' or 'rationality.'

The Philosophical Dimension: In a philosophical context, 合理性 refers to the internal logic of a system or an argument. It suggests that something isn't just 'okay,' but that it follows a natural or logical order that can be defended through evidence and thought. When a scholar questions the 合理性 of a theory, they are asking if the theory holds water under the scrutiny of logic.
The Practical Dimension: In daily life, especially in business and law, this word is used to evaluate prices, rules, and behaviors. For example, if a company raises its prices by 500%, consumers and regulators will immediately question the 合理性 of such a jump. It implies a search for the 'why' behind an action—is there a sound reason, or is it arbitrary?

我们需要从法律和道德两个层面来审查这项政策的合理性。 (We need to examine the rationality of this policy from both legal and ethical perspectives.)

The beauty of 合理性 lies in its versatility. It bridges the gap between 'common sense' and 'scientific logic.' While in English we might distinguish between 'reasonableness' (which feels more social and subjective) and 'rationality' (which feels more mathematical and objective), in Chinese, 合理性 covers both. It asks: Does this fit (合) the principles (理)? If it does, it possesses the quality (性) of being right. This word is frequently used in academic papers, news reports, and formal debates to provide a neutral, objective-sounding basis for critique or support. It is rarely used in casual slang, but if you want to sound educated and precise, this is a must-have word in your vocabulary. It suggests that you are looking at the deeper structure of an issue rather than just your emotional reaction to it.

Furthermore, the concept of 合理性 is deeply rooted in the Chinese worldview that everything has an underlying 'Li' (理) or principle. From the Neo-Confucianists of the Song Dynasty to modern-day policy makers, the search for 'Li' has been a constant theme. Therefore, when you use this word, you are tapping into a long tradition of seeking harmony between human actions and the natural or logical order of the universe. It is not just about being 'smart'; it is about being 'in accordance with the way things should be.'

专家们正在讨论城市规划方案的科学性与合理性。 (Experts are discussing the scientific nature and rationality of the urban planning proposal.)

Using 合理性 correctly requires understanding its role as an abstract noun. It most commonly functions as the object of verbs like 'question,' 'prove,' 'examine,' or 'doubt.' It is also frequently modified by adjectives or noun phrases to specify what kind of rationality is being discussed.

Common Verb Pairings: The most frequent verbs associated with 合理性 are 质疑 (zhìyí - to question), 证明 (zhèngmíng - to prove), 审查 (shěnchá - to examine/audit), and 考量 (kǎoliáng - to consider). For instance, '质疑其合理性' (to question its rationality) is a very standard phrase in legal and critical writing.
The '...的合理性' Pattern: This is the most common grammatical structure. You place the action or thing you are evaluating before the particle '的'. For example: '价格调整的合理性' (the reasonableness of the price adjustment) or '存在即合理' (a famous phrase often misinterpreted, but literally 'existence implies rationality').

在法庭上，律师试图证明被告行为的合理性。 (In court, the lawyer tried to prove the reasonableness of the defendant's actions.)

When writing in a professional Chinese environment, you will often see 合理性 paired with other 'property' nouns ending in 性 to create a comprehensive evaluation. Common pairs include 合法性 (legality), 科学性 (scientific validity), and 必要性 (necessity). For example: '我们要论证这个项目的必要性和合理性' (We need to demonstrate the necessity and rationality of this project). This triad—necessity, legality, and rationality—is the standard framework for evaluating any government or corporate proposal in China.

公众对政府突然增加税收的合理性表示怀疑。 (The public expressed doubt about the rationality of the government's sudden tax increase.)

In academic writing, 合理性 can be further specified. You might encounter 工具合理性 (gōngjù hélǐxìng) which refers to 'instrumental rationality' (doing something efficiently to reach a goal) versus 价值合理性 (jiàzhí hélǐxìng) which refers to 'value rationality' (doing something because it is inherently the right thing to do). Mastering these distinctions will allow you to participate in high-level intellectual discussions in Chinese. Finally, always ensure that the context justifies the use of such a formal word. Using 合理性 when asking why your friend is late for dinner might sound overly dramatic or sarcastic; in that case, a simple '为什么' or '不合理' would suffice.

While 合理性 is a formal term, its presence in modern Chinese life is ubiquitous. You will hear it in news broadcasts, read it in corporate documents, and encounter it in any situation involving a dispute or a formal explanation. It is the language of the 'professional' and the 'intellectual.'

News and Media: Whenever the government releases a new policy—be it about real estate, education, or environmental protection—CCTV and other news outlets will host 'experts' (专家) to explain the 合理性 of the policy. The goal is to show that the decision was not made on a whim but was based on data and logical analysis.
Business and Finance: In shareholder meetings or annual reports, executives often have to justify their strategies. If a company's stock price drops, the board might demand a report on the 合理性 of the current management strategy. Similarly, in auditing, an auditor checks the 合理性 of the expenses claimed by employees.

审计师对公司差旅费用的合理性进行了严格审查。 (The auditor conducted a strict review of the rationality of the company's travel expenses.)

You will also hear this word in the legal system. Lawyers use it to argue whether a person's self-defense was 'reasonable' or if a contract clause is 'rational.' In Chinese law, the 'reasonable person' standard is often discussed using the concept of 合理性. It provides a benchmark for what a normal, logical person would do in a similar situation.

In the digital age, 合理性 has even moved into social media debates. When a celebrity is 'canceled' or a video goes viral, netizens often debate the 合理性 of the public's reaction. Is the anger justified? Is the punishment proportional? These discussions use the word to add a layer of objective analysis to highly emotional topics. By using 合理性, speakers attempt to elevate the conversation from mere shouting to a structured debate about principles and logic.

网友们在社交媒体上激烈讨论这种惩罚措施的合理性。 (Netizens are heatedly discussing the rationality of this punitive measure on social media.)

Even though 合理性 seems straightforward as a translation of 'rationality,' learners often stumble over its grammatical usage and its specific nuance compared to related words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Chinese sound much more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: Confusing Noun and Adjective: The most common error is using 合理性 where the adjective 合理 (hélǐ) should be. For example, saying '你的想法很合理性' is incorrect. It's like saying 'Your idea is very rationality' in English. You should say '你的想法很合理' (Your idea is very reasonable) or '你的想法缺乏合理性' (Your idea lacks rationality).
Mistake 2: Overusing it in Casual Conversation: Using 合理性 while buying vegetables or talking to a close friend about where to eat can sound stiff or even mocking. It is a high-register word. In casual settings, use 道理 (dàolǐ - reason/logic) or 合适 (héshì - suitable). Instead of '这顿饭价格的合理性有问题', just say '这顿饭太贵了，不合理'.

Incorrect: 这个计划有很大的合理。 (This plan has great reasonable.)
Correct: 这个计划有很大的合理性。 (This plan has great rationality.)

Another mistake is confusing 合理性 with 合规性 (héguīxìng - compliance). While they sound similar, 合规性 specifically means following rules and regulations (compliance), whereas 合理性 is about whether those rules or actions make sense logically and fairly. You can follow a rule (compliance) that is actually quite irrational (lacks rationality). In a business audit, you need to check both.

Finally, learners sometimes forget that 合理性 is an 'uncountable' abstract noun. You don't usually 'see' a rationality; you 'analyze' or 'evaluate' it. Avoid using measure words like '一个合理性'. Instead, use '某种' (mǒu zhǒng - a certain kind of) or simply use it without a measure word.

不要混淆了“合法性”与“合理性”，合法的并不一定合理。 (Don't confuse 'legality' with 'rationality'; what is legal is not necessarily rational.)

To truly master 合理性, you must understand how it sits within a family of related Chinese terms. Choosing the right synonym can change the tone of your sentence from scientific to moral to practical.

合理性 vs. 逻辑性 (luójìxìng): 逻辑性 refers strictly to the formal logic and sequence of an argument. A math equation has 逻辑性. 合理性 is broader; it includes logic but also adds a layer of fairness, common sense, and practical reality. An argument can be logically sound but totally 'irrational' in a social context.
合理性 vs. 正当性 (zhèngdàngxìng): 正当性 is often translated as 'legitimacy' or 'justification.' It has a stronger moral and legal connotation. While 合理性 asks 'Does this make sense?', 正当性 asks 'Is this right/lawful?'. For example, a war might have a certain strategic 合理性 (it makes sense for winning) but lack 正当性 (it is not morally justified).
合理性 vs. 科学性 (kēxuéxìng): 科学性 means 'scientific validity.' It implies that something is based on rigorous empirical evidence and scientific methods. In government reports, you often see '科学性和合理性' together. This means the plan is both scientifically sound and practically reasonable.

虽然这个方案在逻辑上没有问题，但我们必须考虑它在现实操作中的合理性。 (Although this plan has no problems logically, we must consider its rationality in actual operation.)

If you find 合理性 too formal, you can use 道理 (dàolǐ). For instance, '你说的话很有道理' (What you say makes a lot of sense) is much more common in conversation than '你的话很有合理性'. Another alternative is 合情合理 (hé qíng hé lǐ), a four-character idiom (chengyu) which means 'fair and sensible.' It suggests that something satisfies both human emotion (情) and objective reason (理). This is a very warm and positive way to describe a decision.

我们的要求是合情合理的，希望公司能够考虑。 (Our request is fair and sensible; we hope the company can consider it.)

In summary, choose 合理性 when you want to sound objective and analytical. Use 正当性 for moral/legal weight, 可行性 for practical 'can-do' attitude, and 道理 or 合情合理 for everyday social interactions. Understanding these nuances will help you navigate the complexities of Chinese social and professional life with much greater finesse.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The character '理' (lǐ) is one of the most important in Chinese philosophy. Neo-Confucianism is often called 'Lixue' (理学), or the 'Study of Principle.' They believed that every object in the universe has an inherent 'Li' that makes it what it is.

발음 가이드

UK hə̌ lǐ ɕîŋ

US hə̌ lǐ ɕîŋ

In Chinese, each syllable is generally given equal weight, but the 4th tone on 'xìng' often feels more forceful.

라임이 맞는 단어

定 (dìng) 命 (mìng) 镜 (jìng) 病 (bìng) 庆 (qìng) 圣 (shèng) 硬 (yìng) 敬 (jìng)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'xìng' like 'sing' (it should be more like 'shing' with a soft 'sh').
Mixing up the tones, especially turning the 2nd tone 'hé' into a 1st tone 'hē'.
Failing to dip the 3rd tone 'lǐ' low enough.
Pronouncing '理' (lǐ) like 'lee' without the tonal dip.
Treating '合理性' as three separate words rather than one unified concept.

난이도

독해 3/5

Common in news and essays; requires understanding of abstract suffixes.

쓰기 4/5

Requires precise placement in formal sentence structures.

말하기 3/5

Easy to pronounce, but requires the right formal context to use correctly.

듣기 3/5

Frequently heard in formal speeches and debates.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

合 (hé) 理 (lǐ) 性 (xìng) 合理 (hélǐ) 理由 (lǐyóu)

다음에 배울 것

合法性 (héfǎxìng) 逻辑性 (luójìxìng) 正当性 (zhèngdàngxìng) 可行性 (kěxìngxìng)

고급

辩证法 (biànzhèngfǎ) 范式 (fànshì) 话语 (huàyǔ) 建构 (jiàngòu)

알아야 할 문법

The suffix -性 (xìng) for abstract nouns.

重要 (important) -> 重要性 (importance)

Using '具有' (jùyǒu) with abstract nouns.

这个理论具有很强的合理性。

The '...的' structure to modify nouns.

政策的合理性 (The rationality of the policy).

Using '对...的' for objects of doubt or review.

对他合理性的怀疑 (Doubt about his rationality).

Negation with '缺乏' (quēfá).

缺乏合理性 (Lacks rationality).

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수준별 예문

这个价格不合理。

This price is not reasonable.

Uses the adjective form '合理' (hélǐ) for simplicity.

老师的做法很合理。

The teacher's way is very reasonable.

Shows '合理' describing a person's actions.

我们想要合理的规则。

We want reasonable rules.

Uses '合理' to modify the noun '规则' (guīzé).

这不合逻辑，也不合理。

This is not logical, and not reasonable.

Introduces the idea of logic alongside reasonableness.

我们需要合理的解释。

We need a reasonable explanation.

Common pairing: 合理 + 解释 (jiěshì).

他的要求合理吗？

Is his request reasonable?

A simple question structure using '合理'.

这个工作时间很合理。

This working time is very reasonable.

Applying '合理' to the concept of time.

合情合理是好事。

Being fair and sensible is a good thing.

Introduces the common idiom '合情合理'.

我们要讨论这个计划的合理性。

We need to discuss the rationality of this plan.

First use of the noun form '合理性' in a '...的' structure.

这个规定缺乏合理性。

This regulation lacks rationality.

Uses '缺乏' (quēfá - to lack) with '合理性'.

你能证明它的合理性吗？

Can you prove its rationality?

Uses '证明' (zhèngmíng - to prove) with '合理性'.

我们要看价格的合理性。

We need to look at the reasonableness of the price.

Noun structure: 价格的合理性.

这种做法有一定的合理性。

This way of doing things has a certain rationality.

Uses '有一定的' (yǒu yīdìng de - has a certain...) to modify the noun.

合理的建议对我们有帮助。

Reasonable suggestions are helpful to us.

Uses the adjective '合理' to modify '建议'.

他怀疑这个决定的合理性。

He doubts the rationality of this decision.

Uses '怀疑' (huáiyí - to doubt) as the verb.

法律要求行为的合理性。

The law requires the reasonableness of actions.

Abstract noun usage in a formal context.

从经济角度来看，这个政策具有合理性。

From an economic perspective, this policy has rationality.

Uses '具有' (jùyǒu - to possess/have) which is more formal than '有'.

专家们正在审查该项目的合理性。

Experts are reviewing the rationality of the project.

Uses '审查' (shěnchá - to review/examine) in a professional context.

你必须解释这种支出的合理性。

You must explain the reasonableness of this expenditure.

Common business context for '合理性'.

公众对新法规的合理性表示担忧。

The public expressed concern about the rationality of the new regulation.

Uses '对...表示担忧' (to express concern about...).

我们需要论证这个方案的科学性与合理性。

We need to demonstrate the scientific nature and rationality of this plan.

Common pairing of '科学性' and '合理性'.

这种说法在逻辑上缺乏合理性。

This statement lacks rationality in terms of logic.

Specifies the domain using '在逻辑上'.

我们要考量资源分配的合理性。

We need to consider the rationality of resource allocation.

Uses '考量' (kǎoliáng - to consider/weigh).

他试图为自己的迟到寻找合理性。

He tried to find a justification for his lateness.

Uses '寻找' (xúnzhǎo - to look for) in a social context.

审计报告质疑了该公司投资决策的合理性。

The audit report questioned the rationality of the company's investment decisions.

Formal business/legal usage.

这种管理模式的合理性值得商榷。

The rationality of this management model is open to discussion.

Uses the formal phrase '值得商榷' (worth discussing/debatable).

法律的生命不在于逻辑，而在于合理性。

The life of the law lies not in logic, but in reasonableness.

A philosophical/legal quote structure.

我们要重新评估城市规划的合理性。

We need to re-evaluate the rationality of the urban planning.

Uses '重新评估' (chóngxīn pínggù - to re-evaluate).

这种社会现象的存在有其内在的合理性。

The existence of this social phenomenon has its inherent rationality.

Uses '内在的' (nèizài de - inherent/internal).

辩护律师强调了被告行为的合理性。

The defense lawyer emphasized the reasonableness of the defendant's actions.

Uses '强调' (qiángdiào - to emphasize).

我们需要从多个维度来分析这个问题的合理性。

We need to analyze the rationality of this issue from multiple dimensions.

Uses '从多个维度' (from multiple dimensions).

任何政策的制定都应以合理性为前提。

The formulation of any policy should take rationality as a prerequisite.

Uses '以...为前提' (take... as a prerequisite).

工具合理性的过度扩张可能导致价值合理性的缺失。

The over-expansion of instrumental rationality may lead to the loss of value rationality.

Advanced sociological terminology (Weberian concepts).

本文旨在探讨现代官僚制度的合理性及其局限性。

This article aims to explore the rationality of modern bureaucracy and its limitations.

Standard academic abstract phrasing.

我们不能仅仅因为某种行为普遍存在就承认其合理性。

We cannot acknowledge the rationality of a behavior simply because it is widespread.

Critique of the 'existence implies rationality' fallacy.

法官在判决中详细阐述了裁量权的合理性基础。

The judge elaborated in detail on the rational basis of discretionary power in the judgment.

Highly formal legal language: '阐述' (elaborate) and '裁量权' (discretionary power).

这种理论的合理性建立在错误的前提假设之上。

The rationality of this theory is built upon false premises.

Logical critique: '建立在...之上' (built upon...).

我们需要在效率与合理性之间寻找一个微妙的平衡。

We need to find a delicate balance between efficiency and rationality.

Abstract balancing act phrasing.

该学说对传统道德观念的合理性提出了严峻挑战。

This doctrine poses a severe challenge to the rationality of traditional moral concepts.

Uses '提出了严峻挑战' (posed a severe challenge).

所谓的合理性往往只是权力的某种话语包装。

The so-called rationality is often just a kind of discourse packaging for power.

Critical theory/post-structuralist usage: '话语包装' (discourse packaging).

黑格尔关于“存在即合理”的命题常被误读为对现状的盲目辩护。

Hegel's proposition that 'what exists is rational' is often misread as a blind defense of the status quo.

High-level philosophical discussion and historical context.

在全球化背景下，普世价值的合理性正面临着文化相对主义的冲击。

In the context of globalization, the rationality of universal values is facing the impact of cultural relativism.

Complex geopolitical and philosophical discourse.

理性的合理性本身就是一个需要不断反思的哲学命题。

The rationality of reason itself is a philosophical proposition that requires constant reflection.

Meta-rationality discussion (self-referential logic).

法律程序的合理性是实现实质正义的必要条件。

The rationality of legal procedures is a necessary condition for achieving substantive justice.

Advanced jurisprudence: '实质正义' (substantive justice).

我们必须警惕那种打着“合理性”旗号而行非理性之实的倾向。

We must be wary of the tendency to act irrationally under the banner of 'rationality.'

Idiomatic and critical: '打着...旗号' (under the banner of...).

这种叙事结构的合理性在于其对人性复杂性的深刻洞察。

The rationality of this narrative structure lies in its profound insight into the complexity of human nature.

Literary criticism: '叙事结构' (narrative structure) and '深刻洞察' (profound insight).

科学革命往往始于对既有范式合理性的根本性怀疑。

Scientific revolutions often begin with a fundamental doubt about the rationality of existing paradigms.

Philosophy of science: '既有范式' (existing paradigm).

合理性并非一成不变的绝对真理，而是在历史进程中不断演进的观念。

Rationality is not an immutable absolute truth, but a concept that constantly evolves in the course of history.

Dialectical/Historical analysis: '一成不变' (immutable/unchanging).

자주 쓰는 조합

质疑合理性

具有合理性

缺乏合理性

经济合理性

证明合理性

内在合理性

程序合理性

审查合理性

逻辑合理性

丧失合理性

자주 쓰는 구문

存在即合理

— Often used to mean 'Whatever exists has a reason for existing.' It is a famous quote from Hegel.

虽然这个现象很奇怪，但人们常说‘存在即合理’。

合情合理

— Fair and sensible; satisfies both human feelings and objective logic.

他的要求很合情合理，我们应该答应。

不合情理

— Unreasonable or contrary to common sense/human nature.

你这样做太不合情理了。

理所当然

— As a matter of course; naturally; taken for granted.

他认为别人帮他是理所当然的。

合情、合理、合法

— The 'Triple Crown' of justification: emotionally sensible, logically rational, and legally compliant.

我们的决定做到了合情、合理、合法。

合乎情理

— In accordance with what is reasonable and sensible.

他的推断非常合乎情理。

找不出合理性

— Cannot find any justification or logic for something.

我实在找不出他辞职的合理性。

维持合理性

— To maintain a state of being reasonable or logical.

我们要维持系统运行的合理性。

挑战其合理性

— To challenge the rationality of something.

新的证据挑战了旧理论的合理性。

缺乏逻辑合理性

— Lacking logical rationality; the argument doesn't follow properly.

这篇文章的论点缺乏逻辑合理性。

자주 혼동되는 단어

合理性 vs 合法性 (héfǎxìng)

Legality (following laws) vs. Rationality (making sense/being fair). Something can be legal but irrational.

合理性 vs 理性 (lǐxìng)

Rationality as a human capacity (being rational) vs. Rationality as a property of a thing (reasonableness).

合理性 vs 可行性 (kěxìngxìng)

Feasibility (can it be done?) vs. Rationality (should it be done/does it make sense?).

관용어 및 표현

"合情合理"

— Fair and sensible. It is the most common idiom related to rationality.

这个赔偿方案合情合理。

General

"理直气壮"

— To be confident and bold because one knows they are in the right.

他理直气壮地拒绝了不合理的要求。

Informal

"顺理成章"

— Follows logically; to be natural and expected as a result of previous events.

经过努力，他升职是顺理成章的事。

General

"据理力争"

— To argue strongly based on facts and reason.

在会议上，他据理力争，终于说服了大家。

Formal

"理屈词穷"

— To fall silent because one's logic has been defeated or they are in the wrong.

面对证据，他理屈词穷，无话可说。

Formal

"通情达理"

— Understanding and reasonable; showing good common sense.

她是一个通情达理的人，会原谅你的。

General

"格物致知"

— To investigate things to gain knowledge; a core concept of Neo-Confucian 'Li'.

学者们通过格物致知来探求事物的合理性。

Literary

"不近人理"

— Contrary to human reason or common sense; heartless.

这种规定简直是不近人理。

Formal

"理所当然"

— To go without saying; to be a matter of course.

帮助弱者被认为是理所当然的行为。

General

"天经地义"

— Right and proper according to the laws of heaven and earth; unshakeable principles.

欠债还钱是天经地义的事。

Formal

혼동하기 쉬운

合理性 vs 理性

Both translate to 'rationality' in English.

理性 usually refers to the human faculty of reason (e.g., '保持理性' - keep your head/stay rational). 合理性 refers to the logical justification of an object or idea (e.g., '政策的合理性').

面对危机，我们需要保持理性，并评估各种方案的合理性。

合理性 vs 正当性

Both imply something is 'right.'

正当性 implies moral or legal legitimacy. 合理性 implies logical or practical reasonableness. A tax might be 'rational' (to raise money) but not 'legitimate' if passed illegally.

该项行动虽然有其合理性，但缺乏法律上的正当性。

合理性 vs 道理

Both relate to 'reason.'

道理 is a general term for 'sense' or 'truth' used in daily life. 合理性 is a formal, abstract noun used in analysis.

你说的话很有道理，但这个计划的合理性还需要论证。

合理性 vs 逻辑性

Both relate to clear thinking.

逻辑性 is strictly about the structure of an argument. 合理性 includes social, economic, and moral factors beyond just pure logic.

这篇论文逻辑性很强，但结论的合理性令人怀疑。

合理性 vs 合规性

Both are used in audits.

合规性 means following specific rules (compliance). 合理性 means the action makes sense in a broader context.

这笔开支虽然符合合规性，但从业务角度看缺乏合理性。

문장 패턴

这个[名词]没有合理性。

这个规则没有合理性。

我们要考虑[名词短语]的合理性。

我们要考虑价格调整的合理性。

这种做法具有一定的合理性。

质疑...的合理性是我们的权利。

质疑政府支出的合理性是我们的权利。

从...角度来看，...具有合理性。

从法律角度来看，他的要求具有合理性。

所谓的合理性往往取决于...

所谓的合理性往往取决于评估者的立场。

...的合理性建立在...的基础之上。

该政策的合理性建立在充分调研的基础之上。

合理性并非绝对，而是具有历史的局限性。

任何时代的合理性并非绝对，而是具有历史的局限性。

어휘 가족

명사

理 (lǐ) - reason/logic

理由 (lǐyóu) - reason/excuse

道理 (dàolǐ) - principle/sense

理性 (lǐxìng) - rationality (as a faculty of mind)

理论 (lǐlùn) - theory

동사

理 (lǐ) - to pay attention to/to manage

理解 (lǐjiě) - to understand

理顺 (lǐshùn) - to straighten out/organize

料理 (liàolǐ) - to take care of/arrange

형용사

合理 (hélǐ) - reasonable/rational

理智 (lǐzhì) - rational/sensible

理想 (lǐxiǎng) - ideal

사용법

frequency

Highly frequent in written Chinese and formal spoken registers.

자주 하는 실수

这很合理性。 → 这很合理。 / 这具有合理性。
合理性 is a noun, not an adjective. You cannot use '很' (very) directly with it.
质疑他的合理性。 → 质疑他做法的合理性。
You usually question the rationality of an action or idea, not a person directly.
这个合理性很高。 → 这个方案的合理性得到了认可。
While understandable, it's more natural to say something 'has' rationality or its rationality is 'recognized' rather than 'high'.
混淆合理性与合法性。 → 区分合理性与合法性。
In legal audits, learners often use these interchangeably, but they are distinct concepts.
在买菜时谈论合理性。 → 在买菜时说‘太贵了’。
Using such a formal word in a very casual setting sounds strange and overly academic.

팁

Suffix Power

Remember that '-性' always creates a noun. If you want to say 'is reasonable,' use '合理'. If you want to say 'the reasonableness,' use '合理性'.

Pairing for Impact

In professional writing, pair '合理性' with '必要性' (necessity) and '可行性' (feasibility) to sound like a native expert.

Polite Critique

Questioning the '合理性' of an idea is a polite way to disagree in a professional setting because it focuses on the idea, not the person.

Expert Talk

When you hear '专家' (expert) on TV, listen for '合理性'. It's one of their favorite words to use when explaining policies.

Abstract Subjects

Use '...的合理性' as the subject of your sentence to create a formal, analytical tone. For example: '其合理性值得怀疑' (Its rationality is worth doubting).

The Three Elements

Visualize: 合 (A lid) + 理 (Jade veins) + 性 (A heart). The lid fits the jade's pattern, and your heart knows it's right.

Cultural Logic

Understand that 'Li' (理) is not just Western logic; it's the natural order of the universe in Chinese thought.

Legal Logic

In legal contexts, '合理性' often refers to the 'Reasonable Person' standard. Use it when discussing what a 'normal' person would do.

Rationality vs. Logic

Rationality (合理性) is broader than logic (逻辑性). It includes facts, common sense, and social norms.

Avoid Adjective Use

Don't say '这很合理性'. If you feel the urge to say 'very rationality,' stop and use '合理' instead.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a puzzle. '合' (hé) is the pieces fitting together. '理' (lǐ) is the logic of the picture. '性' (xìng) is the quality of the whole puzzle. If it fits and makes a logical picture, it has 合理性.

시각적 연상

Imagine a judge's gavel hitting a perfectly balanced scale. The balance represents the 'reason' (理) and the 'fit' (合) of the evidence, creating the state of 'rationality' (性).

Word Web

理 (Reason) 合理 (Reasonable) 合理性 (Rationality) 理性 (Rational mind) 合法性 (Legality) 逻辑 (Logic) 公平 (Fairness) 正义 (Justice)

챌린지

Try to find three things in your current room that lack '合理性' (e.g., a chair with a broken leg, a book in the wrong language, a clock that is stopped) and explain why in Chinese.

어원

The word is a modern compound. '合' (hé) originally depicted a lid and a container meeting, signifying 'fitting.' '理' (lǐ) originally referred to the veins or patterns in jade, suggesting an inherent order or reason. '性' (xìng) combines 'heart' (心) and 'birth/life' (生), referring to the nature or essence of a thing.

원래 의미: The combination of 'fit' and 'reason' to describe the 'nature' of being logical.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

문화적 맥락

Be careful when questioning the '合理性' of government policies in sensitive environments; it is a powerful word that implies a fundamental critique.

In English, we often use 'rationality' in academic settings and 'reasonableness' in legal or daily settings. Chinese uses 合理性 for both, which can make it feel more versatile.

Hegel's 'Was vernünftig ist, das ist wirklich; und was wirklich ist, das ist vernünftig' (What is rational is real...) translated as '存在即合理'. Max Weber's theories on 'Bureaucratic Rationality' (官僚合理性) widely studied in China. The legal standard of the 'Reasonable Person' (合理人) in Chinese law.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Legal Proceedings

行为的合理性 (rationality of behavior)
程序的合理性 (rationality of procedure)
合理的怀疑 (reasonable doubt)
辩护合理性 (defend the rationality)

Business Management

预算合理性 (budget rationality)
薪酬合理性 (salary rationality)
架构合理性 (structure rationality)
资源分配的合理性 (rationality of resource allocation)

Academic Research

理论合理性 (theoretical rationality)
逻辑合理性 (logical rationality)
论证的合理性 (rationality of the argument)
内在合理性 (inherent rationality)

Public Policy

政策合理性 (policy rationality)
收费合理性 (charge rationality)
规划合理性 (planning rationality)
制度合理性 (institutional rationality)

Daily Life (Formal)

解释的合理性 (rationality of the explanation)
要求的合理性 (rationality of the request)
安排的合理性 (rationality of the arrangement)
价格合理性 (price reasonableness)

대화 시작하기

"你觉得这个新规定有合理性吗？ (Do you think this new regulation has rationality?)"

"我们应该如何证明这个方案的合理性？ (How should we prove the rationality of this plan?)"

"你对这种做法的合理性有什么看法？ (What is your opinion on the rationality of this practice?)"

"从长远来看，这种模式是否具有合理性？ (In the long run, does this model possess rationality?)"

"我们不能忽视这个要求背后的合理性。 (We cannot ignore the rationality behind this request.)"

일기 주제

分析你最近做的一个重要决定的合理性。 (Analyze the rationality of an important decision you made recently.)

讨论你所在城市的交通规则的合理性。 (Discuss the rationality of the traffic rules in your city.)

为什么有些看似不合理的事情却在社会中长期存在？ (Why do some seemingly irrational things persist in society for a long time?)

在你的文化中，‘合理性’是如何被定义的？ (How is 'rationality' defined in your culture?)

比较‘合理性’与‘合法性’在处理社会矛盾时的作用。 (Compare the roles of 'rationality' and 'legality' in handling social conflicts.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, you usually describe a person's actions, ideas, or decisions using 合理性. To describe the person themselves as rational, use 理性 (lǐxìng) or 理智 (lǐzhì).

It overlaps with fairness (公平 - gōngpíng), but 合理性 emphasizes logic and justification more than just equal treatment. A 'rational' decision might not always seem 'fair' to everyone.

You can say '缺乏合理性' (lacks rationality) or '不具有合理性.' In casual settings, just use '不合理' (bù hélǐ).

Yes, very frequently. It is used to discuss the validity of experimental designs, models, and conclusions.

合理 is an adjective (reasonable). 合理性 is a noun (reasonableness). Use 合理 to describe things ('这很合理') and 合理性 as a topic of discussion ('讨论合理性').

Generally, no. It is an abstract noun. You should say '某种合理性' (a certain kind of rationality) or just use the word without a measure word.

In philosophy, it means everything that exists has a cause or reason. In common speech, people sometimes use it to excuse bad behavior, which is a misinterpretation.

Use 合情合理 when you want to emphasize that a decision is both logical and sympathetic to human feelings. It sounds warmer than the clinical 合理性.

Yes, it is a high-register word. You will see it in newspapers, hear it on the news, and use it in business reports or academic essays.

No. You wouldn't say the 'rationality of this soup.' You use it for ideas, rules, prices, and systems.

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