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B1 중급 영어 16:03 Educational

How childhood trauma affects health across a lifetime | Nadine Burke Harris | TED

TED · 7,818,404 조회수 · 추가됨 2주 전

학습 통계

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CEFR 레벨

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난이도

자막 (245 세그먼트)

00:12

In the mid-'90s,

00:14

the CDC and Kaiser Permanente

00:16

discovered an exposure that dramatically increased the risk

00:20

for seven out of 10 of the leading causes of death in the United States.

00:26

In high doses, it affects brain development,

00:30

the immune system, hormonal systems,

00:34

and even the way our DNA is read and transcribed.

00:38

Folks who are exposed in very high doses

00:42

have triple the lifetime risk of heart disease and lung cancer

00:46

and a 20-year difference in life expectancy.

00:51

And yet, doctors today are not trained in routine screening or treatment.

00:58

Now, the exposure I'm talking about is not a pesticide or a packaging chemical.

01:03

It's childhood trauma.

01:06

Okay. What kind of trauma am I talking about here?

01:09

I'm not talking about failing a test or losing a basketball game.

01:13

I am talking about threats that are so severe or pervasive

01:18

that they literally get under our skin and change our physiology:

01:23

things like abuse or neglect,

01:25

or growing up with a parent who struggles with mental illness

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or substance dependence.

01:31

Now, for a long time,

01:33

I viewed these things in the way I was trained to view them,

01:36

either as a social problem -- refer to social services --

01:40

or as a mental health problem -- refer to mental health services.

01:46

And then something happened to make me rethink my entire approach.

01:51

When I finished my residency,

01:53

I wanted to go someplace where I felt really needed,

01:57

someplace where I could make a difference.

02:00

So I came to work for California Pacific Medical Center,

02:03

one of the best private hospitals in Northern California,

02:07

and together, we opened a clinic in Bayview-Hunters Point,

02:12

one of the poorest, most underserved neighborhoods in San Francisco.

02:16

Now, prior to that point,

02:18

there had been only one pediatrician in all of Bayview

02:20

to serve more than 10,000 children,

02:24

so we hung a shingle, and we were able to provide top-quality care

02:29

regardless of ability to pay.

02:31

It was so cool. We targeted the typical health disparities:

02:35

access to care, immunization rates, asthma hospitalization rates,

02:40

and we hit all of our numbers.

02:42

We felt very proud of ourselves.

02:45

But then I started noticing a disturbing trend.

02:48

A lot of kids were being referred to me for ADHD,

02:52

or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,

02:55

but when I actually did a thorough history and physical,

03:00

what I found was that for most of my patients,

03:03

I couldn't make a diagnosis of ADHD.

03:07

Most of the kids I was seeing had experienced such severe trauma

03:12

that it felt like something else was going on.

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